Performance test method of water electrolysis hydrogen production system

Abstract

The invention discloses a performance test method for a water electrolysis hydrogen production system, which comprises the following steps: controlling the water electrolysis hydrogen production system to stably operate for not less than 24 hours under rated working conditions of rated cell pressure, rated cell temperature and rated current so as to carry out a first rated working condition steady-state performance test and obtain initial unit direct-current energy consumption of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system; the load current of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system is controlled to change according to the preset fluctuation current, and annual wind and light fluctuation working condition simulation operation is carried out; wherein the preset fluctuation current is determined according to power supply power fluctuation change of wind and light power generation within at least one year; performing a second rated condition steady-state performance test on the water electrolysis hydrogen production system to obtain the final unit direct-current energy consumption of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system; and comparing the final unit direct-current energy consumption with the initial unit direct-current energy consumption to obtain performance loss data of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system. According to the technical scheme, accurate and reliable performance evaluation on the water electrolysis hydrogen production system is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen production by electrolyzing water testing, and particularly to a method for testing the performance of a hydrogen production system by electrolyzing water. Background Art

[0002] At present, under the improved institutional and policy environment for the development of the hydrogen energy industry, the industrial innovation ability of the hydrogen energy industry has been significantly improved; among them, hydrogen production by electrolyzing water using wind and solar power generation is in line with the development goals of the hydrogen energy industry, which is to reduce carbon emissions and achieve carbon neutrality.

[0003] With the rapid development of renewable energy technologies, the industrial scale of hydrogen production using wind and solar power generation is growing day by day. During the process of producing hydrogen by using the electric energy provided by wind and solar power generation in an alkaline electrolyzer, the matching adaptability of the alkaline electrolyzer to the fluctuating output electric energy of wind and solar power generation is crucial for the alkaline electrolyzer to obtain a high hydrogen production rate and reduce energy consumption. With the rapid development of major enterprises, new types of electrolyzers are constantly introduced in the industry. Therefore, how to effectively evaluate the performance of electrolyzer products is one of the key issues of concern in the industry. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for testing the performance of a hydrogen production system by electrolyzing water, which can accurately and reliably evaluate the performance of the hydrogen production system by electrolyzing water, and provide reliable data basis for the application and research and development of the hydrogen production system by electrolyzing water.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a method for testing the performance of a hydrogen production system by electrolyzing water, including:

[0006] Controlling the hydrogen production system by electrolyzing water to operate stably under the rated working conditions of rated cell voltage, rated cell temperature and rated current for not less than 24 hours to conduct the first steady-state performance test under the rated working conditions, and obtaining the initial unit direct current energy consumption of the hydrogen production system by electrolyzing water;

[0007] Controlling the load current of the hydrogen production system by electrolyzing water to change according to a preset fluctuating current to conduct a simulation operation of the annual wind and solar fluctuation working conditions; wherein, the preset fluctuating current is determined according to the fluctuation change of the power supply power of wind and solar power generation within at least one year;

[0008] Conducting a second steady-state performance test on the hydrogen production system by electrolyzing water to measure the final unit direct current energy consumption of the hydrogen production system by electrolyzing water;

[0009] Comparing the final unit direct current energy consumption with the initial unit direct current energy consumption to obtain the performance loss data of the hydrogen production system by electrolyzing water.

[0010] In an optional embodiment of the present application, the process of determining the preset fluctuating current includes:

[0011] Obtain the historical power supply data of wind and solar power generation for at least one year;

[0012] Select multiple historical power supply data within at least one set time period of at least one set date per month;

[0013] Determine each preset current value by taking the percentage of each historical power supply data in the installed capacity of wind and solar power generation as the percentage of the corresponding preset current value relative to the rated current;

[0014] Sort the preset current values in the chronological order of the corresponding set time periods to obtain the preset fluctuating current.

[0015] In an optional embodiment of the present application, controlling the load current of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system to change according to the preset fluctuating current for simulating the annual operation under the condition of wind and solar fluctuations includes:

[0016] Controlling the electrolytic water hydrogen production system to operate with the load current changing successively to each preset current value in the preset fluctuating current, and operating for 5 min to 10 min under each preset current value condition, and monitoring the oxygen in hydrogen concentration and hydrogen in oxygen concentration in the electrolytic water hydrogen production system; wherein, the number of preset current values in the preset fluctuating current is 2000 to 3000; the rising rate of the load current is not greater than the theoretical maximum rising rate;

[0017] When at least one of the oxygen in hydrogen concentration and hydrogen in oxygen concentration exceeds the corresponding safety concentration range, control the electrolytic water hydrogen production system to operate stably for at least 30 min under the condition of hot standby;

[0018] Control the load current of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system to change according to the remaining unoperated preset current values in the preset fluctuating current;

[0019] When the load current of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system has completed running successively according to all the preset current values in the preset fluctuating current, draw the hydrogen concentration change curve and oxygen concentration change curve corresponding to the annual operation under the condition of wind and solar fluctuations according to the oxygen in hydrogen concentration and hydrogen in oxygen concentration.

[0020] In an optional embodiment of the present application, the process of obtaining the initial unit DC energy consumption of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system includes:

[0021] Obtain the hydrogen production data, operation duration, and electrolytic cell input electric energy when the electrolytic water hydrogen production system operates under the rated condition;

[0022] According to the unit DC energy consumption formula Calculate and determine the initial unit DC energy consumption; wherein, is the unit DC energy consumption, is the operating duration, is the hydrogen production data measured by the flowmeter at the output end of the hydrogen purification equipment, is the electrical energy input to the electrolyzer.

[0023] In an optional embodiment of the present application, after the first rated condition steady-state performance test and before the second rated condition steady-state performance test, it further includes:

[0024] Control the electrolytic water hydrogen production system to operate under the conditions of rated cell voltage, rated cell temperature and rated current for at least 15 minutes;

[0025] Control the load current of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system to be adjusted to the current set current and operate for a set duration under the stable state of the current set current;

[0026] Control the load current of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system to be reduced to 0 and operate for the set duration;

[0027] Judge whether the working conditions corresponding to all set currents have been completed;

[0028] If not, take the next set current as the new current set current, and execute the operation step of controlling the load current of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system to be adjusted to the current set current and operate for a set duration under the stable state of the current set current;

[0029] If so, the frequent start-stop simulation test of the wind-solar fluctuation working condition is completed.

[0030] In an optional embodiment of the present application, after the first rated condition steady-state performance test and before the second rated condition steady-state performance test, it further includes:

[0031] Control the electrolytic water hydrogen production system to operate under the conditions of rated cell voltage, rated cell temperature and rated current for at least 15 minutes;

[0032] Control the load current of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system to increase from the rated current to 110% of the rated current, and keep running stably for not less than 4 hours, and collect operation data.

[0033] In an optional embodiment of the present application, before the annual wind-solar fluctuation working condition simulation operation after the first rated condition steady-state performance test, it further includes:

[0034] Control the electrolytic water hydrogen production system to operate under the conditions of rated cell voltage, rated cell temperature and rated current for at least 15 minutes;

[0035] Control the electrolytic water hydrogen production system to gradually increase or gradually decrease in turn within the range of 30% to 110% of the rated current according to the load current, and record the operation data;

[0036] Wherein, when the load current is less than or equal to 40% of the rated current, control the electrolytic water hydrogen production system to operate under the conditions of constant cell temperature and the rated pressure until it reaches a stable state, and maintain the stable state operation for not less than 3 hours;

[0037] When the load current is greater than 40% of the rated current, control the electrolytic water hydrogen production system to operate under the conditions of the rated cell temperature and the rated pressure until it reaches a stable state, and maintain the stable state operation for not less than 3 hours;

[0038] According to the operation data corresponding to different load currents, determine the unit DC loss corresponding to different load currents, and determine the load current with the smallest corresponding unit DC loss as the optimal load current of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system.

[0039] In an optional embodiment of the present application, before the annual simulation operation of the wind-solar fluctuation condition after the first rated condition steady-state performance test, it further includes:

[0040] Control the electrolytic water hydrogen production system to operate for at least 15 minutes under the condition that the load current is 30% of the rated current or the minimum load current value;

[0041] Control the electrolytic water hydrogen production system under the conditions of the rated cell temperature and the rated pressure, and increase the load current from 30% of the rated current or the minimum load current value to 110% of the rated current at a set load increase rate, and maintain the operation for at least 15 minutes; and monitor in real time whether the oxygen in hydrogen concentration and hydrogen in oxygen concentration in the electrolytic water hydrogen production system both do not exceed the corresponding safety concentration range;

[0042] If both the oxygen in hydrogen concentration and hydrogen in oxygen concentration in the electrolytic water hydrogen production system do not exceed the corresponding safety concentration range, then increase and update the set load increase rate to obtain the updated set load increase rate;

[0043] Re-execute the operation step of controlling the electrolytic water hydrogen production system under the conditions of the rated cell temperature and the rated pressure, and increasing the load current from 30% of the rated current or the minimum load current value to 110% of the rated current at a set load increase rate, and maintaining the operation for at least 15 minutes until at least one of the oxygen in hydrogen concentration and hydrogen in oxygen concentration in the electrolytic water hydrogen production system exceeds the corresponding safety concentration range;

[0044] The maximum allowable load increase rate is the maximum set load increase rate corresponding to the condition that both the oxygen concentration in hydrogen and the hydrogen concentration in oxygen do not exceed the corresponding safety concentration ranges.

[0045] In an alternative embodiment of the present application, before the annual simulation operation of wind and light fluctuations after the first rated condition steady-state performance test, it further includes:

[0046] Controlling the electrolytic water hydrogen production system to operate under the conditions of rated cell voltage, rated cell temperature and rated current for at least 15 minutes;

[0047] Controlling the electrolytic water hydrogen production system to operate at the load current as the current set current until it reaches a stable state, and maintaining the stable state operation for a set duration;

[0048] Controlling the load current of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system to increase from the current set current to 110% of the rated current, and collecting the response duration of the load current increasing from the current set current to 110% of the rated current;

[0049] Judging whether all the conditions corresponding to the set currents have been completed;

[0050] If not, taking the next set current as the new current set current, and performing the operation step of controlling the electrolytic water hydrogen production system to operate at the load current as the current set current until it reaches a stable state, and maintaining the stable state operation for a set duration;

[0051] If so, the test of the response duration of the load current change condition is completed.

[0052] In an alternative embodiment of the present application, before the first rated condition steady-state performance test, it further includes:

[0053] Controlling the electrolytic water hydrogen production system to gradually increase the load current from 0 to the rated current respectively in the cold standby state, hot standby state and hot standby state, and collecting the operation data of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system to respectively perform three start-up performance tests on the electrolytic water hydrogen production system, namely cold start test, hot start test and hot standby start test; wherein, the operation data at least includes electrolytic cell temperature, electrolytic cell voltage, input voltage, hydrogen production, electrolytic power, oxygen concentration in hydrogen and hydrogen concentration in oxygen;

[0054] In each of the start-up performance tests, when both the oxygen concentration in hydrogen and the hydrogen concentration in oxygen reach within the corresponding qualified concentration ranges for at least 5 minutes, the start-up performance test runs end and passes the test;

[0055] According to the operating data, in each of the start-up performance tests of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system, obtain the first operating duration when the electrolytic cell temperature first reaches the rated temperature, the second operating duration when the electrolytic cell pressure first reaches the rated pressure, the third operating duration when the hydrogen production first reaches the set hydrogen production amount, the fourth operating duration when the electrolytic cell first reaches the rated power under the stable state operation of the rated current, and obtain the electrolysis power curve, the oxygen concentration in hydrogen curve, and the hydrogen concentration in oxygen curve;

[0056] Among them, in the cold standby state of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system, the process of gradually increasing the load current from 0 to the rated current includes:

[0057] Keep the electrolytic water hydrogen production system in a cold standby condition with the electrolytic cell temperature not greater than 30°C, the electrolytic cell pressure of 0.1 MPa to 0.2 MPa, and the load current of 0 for at least 12 hours;

[0058] Adjust the electrolyte temperature at the inlet of the electrolytic cell of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system to a cold start temperature not less than 30°C, and gradually increase the load current from 0 to the rated current;

[0059] In the hot standby state of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system, the process of gradually increasing the load current from 0 to the rated current includes:

[0060] Keep the electrolytic water hydrogen production system in a hot standby condition with the electrolytic cell temperature in the range of 85 - 90°C, the electrolytic cell pressure of 0.1 MPa to 0.2 MPa, and the load current of 0 for at least 1 hour; Gradually increase the load current of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system from 0 to the rated current;

[0061] In the hot standby state of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system, the process of gradually increasing the load current from 0 to the rated current includes:

[0062] Adjust the electrolytic cell temperature of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system to 45°C - 55°C, and gradually increase the load current from 0 to the rated current.

[0063] A performance test method for an electrolytic water hydrogen production system provided by the present invention includes controlling the electrolytic water hydrogen production system to stably operate under the rated conditions of rated cell pressure, rated cell temperature, and rated current for not less than 24 hours to conduct the first rated condition steady-state performance test and obtain the initial unit DC energy consumption of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system; controlling the load current of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system to change according to a preset fluctuating current to conduct a full-year simulation operation of the wind-solar fluctuation condition; wherein, the preset fluctuating current is determined according to the power supply power fluctuation of wind-solar power generation within at least one year; conducting the second rated condition steady-state performance test on the electrolytic water hydrogen production system to measure the final unit DC energy consumption of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system; comparing the final unit DC energy consumption with the initial unit DC energy consumption to obtain the performance loss data of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system.

[0064] In this application, a preset fluctuating current including a series of preset current values is determined based on the fluctuating output power supply of wind and solar power within at least one year, and the load current of the electrolyzed water hydrogen production system is controlled to fluctuate according to the preset fluctuating current. That is to say, in this application, the operation process of providing load current for the electrolyzed water hydrogen production system is simulated under the condition of simulating the actual annual fluctuating power generation of wind and solar power, so as to more realistically simulate the loss situation brought by the fluctuating power supply provided by wind and solar power to the electrolyzed water hydrogen production system; on this basis, a rated condition steady-state performance test is carried out once before and after the simulation operation of the annual wind and solar fluctuation working condition, and the unit DC energy consumption measured in the two rated condition steady-state performance tests is compared, so as to determine the performance loss generated by the electrolyzed water hydrogen production system during the simulation operation of the annual wind and solar fluctuation working condition, and then accurately and reliably evaluate the adaptability performance of the electrolyzed water hydrogen production system to the wind and solar fluctuation power supply, providing a reliable data basis for the actual use of the electrolyzed water hydrogen production system. Description of the Drawings

[0065] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0066] Figure 1 It is a schematic flow chart of the performance test method for the electrolyzed water hydrogen production system provided by the embodiment of this application;

[0067] Figure 2 It is a schematic frame structure diagram of the electrolyzed water hydrogen production system provided by the embodiment of this application;

[0068] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the fluctuating change of the preset fluctuating current provided by the embodiment of this application;

[0069] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the fluctuating change of the load current in the frequent start-stop wind and solar fluctuation working condition simulation test provided by the embodiment of this application;

[0070] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the fluctuating change of the load current in the load current change working condition response duration test provided by the embodiment of this application;

[0071] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the load current rising response process provided by the embodiment of this application. Detailed Embodiments

[0072] The core of the present invention is to provide a performance test method for an electrolytic water hydrogen production system, realizing accurate and reliable performance evaluation of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system, and providing a reliable data basis for the actual operation of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system.

[0073] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative work shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0074] Refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , Figure 1 is a schematic flow chart of the performance test method for the electrolytic water hydrogen production system provided by the embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 is a schematic framework structure diagram of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system provided by the embodiment of the present application.

[0075] In a specific embodiment of the present application, the process of the performance test method for the electrolytic water hydrogen production system may include:

[0076] S11: Control the electrolytic water hydrogen production system to stably operate under the rated working conditions of rated cell voltage, rated cell temperature and rated current for not less than 24 hours to perform the first steady-state performance test under the rated working conditions, and obtain the initial unit DC energy consumption of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system.

[0077] In practical applications, during the process of performing the steady-state performance test under the rated working conditions on the electrolytic water hydrogen production system, the electrolytic cell voltage and electrolytic cell temperature of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system can be controlled and maintained at the rated cell voltage, rated cell temperature and rated current respectively, and the load current input into the electrolytic cell is gradually increased from 0 to the rated current until the load current reaches the stable state of the rated current, that is, the electrolytic water hydrogen production system reaches the rated working conditions. The electrolytic water hydrogen production system continuously operates under the stable state of the rated working conditions for not less than 24 hours, that is, the first steady-state performance test under the rated working conditions is completed.

[0078] It should be noted that the electrolytic cell voltage in this embodiment is also the air pressure inside the electrolytic cell of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system; the electrolytic cell temperature refers to the temperature of the electrolytic aqueous solution inside the electrolytic cell; and the load current is the input current input by the external power supply device to the electrolytic cell.

[0079] During the steady-state performance test under rated conditions, from the start of the test of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system to the end of the first steady-state performance test under rated conditions, all operating data of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system should be recorded in real time. The operating data may include the operating parameters of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system, such as the input voltage of the electrolyzer, load current, etc., and may also include the state parameters and product data of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system, such as the hydrogen production data measured by a flow meter at the output end of the hydrogen purification equipment, the oxygen concentration in hydrogen (the concentration of oxygen in the hydrogen separated and output by the hydrogen separation tank), the hydrogen concentration in oxygen (the concentration of hydrogen in the oxygen separated and output by the oxygen separation tank), operating time, etc.; the operating data can be collected and recorded once every 10 minutes or even shorter intervals.

[0080] On this basis, determine the unit DC energy consumption of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system according to the operating data collected during the first steady-state performance test under rated conditions, that is, the initial unit DC energy consumption of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system; this initial unit DC energy consumption reflects the performance status of the water electrolysis hydrogen production before any destructive tests are carried out.

[0081] In an alternative implementation of this embodiment, determining the unit DC energy consumption during the steady-state performance test under rated conditions may include:

[0082] Obtain the hydrogen production data, operating duration, and input electrical energy of the electrolyzer when the water electrolysis hydrogen production system is operating under rated conditions;

[0083] According to the unit DC energy consumption formula Calculate and determine the initial unit DC energy consumption; where is the unit DC energy consumption, is the operating duration, is the hydrogen production data measured by a flow meter at the output end of the hydrogen purification equipment, is the input electrical energy of the electrolyzer.

[0084] It can be understood that during the calculation of the unit DC energy consumption of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system, the hydrogen production data can be obtained by real-time monitoring of the purified hydrogen flow output from the hydrogen passivation equipment in Figure 2 . Calculate the true power consumption of the electrolyzer based on the hydrogen production measured by the flow meter method, so as to reflect the energy consumption performance of the electrolyzer, and can effectively evaluate the economy of the wind-solar power generation electrolysis hydrogen production project. In addition, the collection time should be recorded when collecting the operating data, so that the operating duration of any operating stage of the water electrolysis hydrogen production can be determined; and the input electrical energy of the electrolyzer can be determined based on the input voltage of the electrolyzer and the load current. Based on this, the initial unit DC energy consumption of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system during stable operation under the first rated conditions can be calculated and determined according to the unit DC energy consumption formula.

[0085] For an electrolytic water hydrogen production system, the unit DC energy consumption can, to a certain extent, reflect the hydrogen production efficiency and working performance of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system. The lower the unit DC energy consumption, the better the economic benefits of hydrogen production of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system, and the higher the hydrogen production efficiency and working performance. The unit DC energy consumption measured in the first steady-state operation test under rated conditions of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system in this embodiment also characterizes the working performance of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system in its initial state.

[0086] S12: Control the load current of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system to change according to a preset fluctuating current, and perform a simulation operation under the annual wind-solar fluctuation condition; wherein, the preset fluctuating current is determined according to the power supply power fluctuation of wind-solar power generation within at least one year.

[0087] In this embodiment, the electric energy source of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system in actual application mainly comes from the electric energy generated by the clean energy of wind-solar power generation (i.e., wind power generation and photovoltaic power generation). There are problems of complex power supply power fluctuations and large fluctuation amplitudes in wind-solar power generation. The power supply current provided by wind-solar power generation to the electrolyzer also fluctuates unstably. This fluctuating power supply current will cause irreparable losses to the electrolyzer, affecting the hydrogen production efficiency, hydrogen production energy consumption and its service life of the electrolyzer. Therefore, for the electrolytic water hydrogen production system, it is particularly important to be able to well adapt to wind-solar power generation and reduce the losses brought by the fluctuating power supply of wind-solar power generation to the electrolytic water hydrogen production system.

[0088] Therefore, in this application, in order to accurately test and evaluate the losses brought by wind-solar power generation to the electrolytic water hydrogen production system, so as to evaluate the adaptability of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system to the fluctuating power supply of wind-solar power generation, a set of preset fluctuating currents is determined based on the historical power supply power data of wind-solar power generation within at least one year. Obviously, the fluctuation law and amplitude of the preset fluctuating current in this embodiment should be basically similar to the power supply power fluctuation law and amplitude output by the actual wind-solar power generation unit in at least one year time period, so as to truly simulate the process of wind-solar power generation fluctuating power supply to the electrolytic water hydrogen production system.

[0089] It should be noted that the historical power supply power data of wind-solar power generation in this embodiment can be the historical power supply power data of any wind-solar power station supplying power to the electrolytic water hydrogen production system in the area where the electrolytic water hydrogen production system will be put into use later, or the historical power supply power data determined based on the real-time power generation data of the wind-solar power stations in the area within at least one year; it can also be the historical power supply power data jointly output by the wind-solar power generation in any area that can provide both wind power generation and photovoltaic power generation randomly. There is no specific limitation in this application. After obtaining this historical power supply power data, a set of preset fluctuating currents with the same or similar fluctuation laws can be determined according to this historical power supply power data.

[0090] In an alternative embodiment of the present application, the process of determining the preset fluctuating current may include:

[0091] Step 1: Obtain historical power supply data of wind and solar power generation within at least one year.

[0092] Step 2: Select historical power supply data within at least one set time period on at least one set date per month, and perform an average operation on the corresponding historical power supply data within each set time period to obtain the historical power average corresponding to each set time period.

[0093] Step 3: Use the percentage of the historical power average corresponding to each set time period in the installed capacity of wind and solar power generation as the percentage of the preset current value corresponding to the set time period relative to the rated current, and determine the preset current value corresponding to each set time period.

[0094] Step 4: Sort the preset current values in the chronological order of the corresponding set time periods to obtain the preset fluctuating current.

[0095] It can be understood that the historical power supply data in this embodiment may be data collected and recorded at a fixed collection period during the actual operation of the wind and solar power generation station. For example, it may be the historical power supply data finally obtained by collecting the power supply every 5 seconds.

[0096] Among the historical power supply data obtained within at least one year, the historical power supply data for 2 to 6 days per month can be selected; for example, the data for 6 days such as the 1st, 5th, 11th, 15th, 21st, and 25th of each month can be selected, or the data for 3 days such as the 1st, 11th, and 21st of each month can be selected; in the historical power supply data of each selected day, data for at least two time periods can be selected. For example, data for two time periods such as 11:00 to 13:00 at noon and 23:00 to 1:00 in the early morning can be selected, and data for two time periods such as 6:00 to 8:00 in the morning and 16:00 to 18:00 in the afternoon can also be included, etc. Specifically, the most representative time periods can be selected based on the characteristics of wind power generation and photovoltaic power generation in the local environment where the electrolytic water hydrogen production system is applied. The average value of the historical power supply data corresponding to each time period is calculated, that is, the historical power average corresponding to the time period can be obtained, and then the percentage of the historical power average in the installed capacity of wind and solar power generation (that is, the power generation power when all generator sets in the wind and solar power generation station are operating at full power) is calculated. Multiplying the rated power of the electrolytic cell by this percentage is the preset current value corresponding to the time period. Thus, a series of preset current values can be obtained. Sorting the preset current values in the chronological order of the corresponding time periods in sequence can obtain a set of preset fluctuating currents. As Figure 3 shownFigure 3 It is a bar chart showing the fluctuations of each preset current value in a group of preset fluctuating currents over time. In practical applications, the number of preset current values in the preset fluctuating current can be between 2,000 and 3,000.

[0097] After obtaining the preset fluctuating current, the electrolytic water hydrogen production system can be further controlled to simulate the actual fluctuating power supply operation process of wind and solar power generation according to the preset fluctuating current.

[0098] In a specific embodiment of the present application, the process of simulating the annual wind and solar fluctuation working conditions based on the preset fluctuating current may include:

[0099] S121: Control the electrolytic water hydrogen production system to operate with the load current changing in sequence to each preset current value in the preset fluctuating current, and operate for 5 min to 10 min under each preset current value condition, and monitor the oxygen in hydrogen concentration and hydrogen in oxygen concentration in the electrolytic water hydrogen production system; wherein, the number of preset current values in the preset fluctuating current is 2,000 to 3,000; the rising rate of the load current is not greater than the maximum rising speed threshold.

[0100] S122: When at least one of the oxygen in hydrogen concentration and hydrogen in oxygen concentration exceeds the corresponding safety concentration range, control the electrolytic water hydrogen production system to operate stably for at least 30 min under the hot standby working condition.

[0101] S123: Control the load current of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system to change and operate in sequence according to the remaining unoperated preset current values in the preset fluctuating current.

[0102] S124: When the load current of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system has completed sequential operation according to all preset current values in the preset fluctuating current, draw the hydrogen concentration change curve and oxygen concentration change curve corresponding to the annual wind and solar fluctuation working conditions according to the oxygen in hydrogen concentration and hydrogen in oxygen concentration.

[0103] In this embodiment, during the simulation of the annual wind-solar fluctuation working condition, the load current of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system is gradually increased from 0 to the first preset current value in the preset fluctuation current. After the load current input to the electrolyzer stabilizes at the first preset current value (i.e., the fluctuation of the load current relative to the first preset current value is no greater than 2% of the preset current value), the electrolyzer is maintained in a stable state at the first preset current value for 5 min to 10 min, specifically it can be 5 min. Then the load current is gradually adjusted to the second preset current value. Similarly, after the load current gradually stabilizes at the second preset current value, the electrolyzer is maintained in a stable state at the second preset current value for 5 min to 10 min. Then the load current is controlled to change to the next preset current value until the load current of the electrolyzer sequentially changes to all the preset current values and the operation is completed, then the simulation operation process of the annual wind-solar fluctuation working condition ends.

[0104] It should be noted that there are certain limitations on the growth rate of the load current input to the electrolyzer. During the process of the load current fluctuating and changing according to each preset current value in sequence, the rising rate of the load current should not be greater than the theoretical maximum rising rate.

[0105] In addition, during the simulation operation process of the annual wind-solar fluctuation working condition, the oxygen concentration in hydrogen and the hydrogen concentration in oxygen of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system should also be monitored in real time. Once one of the oxygen concentration in hydrogen and the hydrogen concentration in oxygen exceeds the corresponding safety concentration range (the safety concentration range of the oxygen concentration in hydrogen is less than or equal to 0.2%, and the safety concentration range of the hydrogen concentration in oxygen is less than or equal to 1.5%), it is necessary to immediately reduce the load current of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system to 0, which is equivalent to putting the electrolytic water hydrogen production system into a temporary shutdown standby state, and maintaining this standby state for at least 30 min to ensure that both the oxygen concentration in hydrogen and the hydrogen concentration in oxygen return to the safe concentration range.

[0106] After the oxygen concentration in hydrogen and the hydrogen concentration in oxygen of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system return to the safe concentration range, the electrolytic water hydrogen production system can be restarted to continue operating, and the load current is controlled to sequentially change to the remaining unoperated preset current values in a similar manner as above until the electrolyzer operates with the load current sequentially being all the preset current values and the simulation operation of the annual wind-solar fluctuation working condition is completed.

[0107] As described above, the number of preset current values in this embodiment is between 2,000 and 3,000, and the running time of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system at each stable state of the preset current value is about 5 to 10 minutes; thus, the required time for the electrolytic water hydrogen production system to complete the simulation operation of the annual wind-solar fluctuation working conditions can be about 200 hours; and the fluctuation law of each preset current value in a set of preset fluctuating currents in this embodiment is the same as the fluctuation law of the annual wind-solar power generation and power supply. It can be seen that in this embodiment, the operation process of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system with annual wind-solar power generation and power supply can be simulated in only about 200 hours.

[0108] Compared with the operation of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system under the real power supply of wind-solar power generation, the operation time of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system in this embodiment at the stable state of each preset current value is relatively short. On the basis of greatly compressing the running time of the simulation operation of the annual wind-solar fluctuation working conditions, the fluctuation of the load current of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system is more intense than the current fluctuation provided by the real wind-solar power generation, making the loss brought by the fluctuation of the load current to the electrolytic water hydrogen production system more significant, and more in line with the loss brought by the electrolytic water hydrogen production system running under the real fluctuating current provided by wind-solar power generation for a long time. Therefore, after the simulation operation process of the annual wind-solar fluctuation working conditions, the size of the loss generated by the electrolytic water hydrogen production system can better reflect the adaptability of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system to the fluctuating power supply of wind-solar power generation.

[0109] Based on the above discussion, in this application, based on the historical power supply data of at least one year of wind-solar power generation, a set of preset fluctuating currents with the same fluctuation law as the wind-solar power generation power supply is determined, and the load current of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system is controlled to fluctuate according to the preset fluctuating current, so as to simulate the annual operation process of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system under the wind-solar power generation power supply in a short time, making the electrolytic water hydrogen production system fully and realistically simulate the operation process under various fluctuating power supplies of wind-solar power generation throughout the year. Furthermore, based on the damage generated by the electrolytic water hydrogen production system during the simulation operation process, the adaptability of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system to the fluctuating power supply of wind-solar power generation can be more accurately evaluated.

[0110] S13: Conduct a second rated condition steady-state performance test on the electrolytic water hydrogen production system to measure the final unit DC energy consumption of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system.

[0111] It can be understood that the process of the second rated condition steady-state performance test in this embodiment can be exactly the same as the process of the first rated condition steady-state performance test. The final unit DC energy consumption is the unit DC energy consumption of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system during the second rated condition steady-state performance test, and its calculation method is also the same as the above initial unit DC energy consumption method, so it will not be repeated in this embodiment.

[0112] Obviously, the second rated condition steady-state performance test in this application is a test process after the electrolytic water hydrogen production system has carried out a full-year simulation operation of the wind and light fluctuation conditions. Therefore, the final unit DC energy consumption determined by this test process, to a certain extent, reflects the hydrogen production efficiency and working performance of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system after undergoing the destructive test of the full-year wind and light fluctuation condition simulation operation.

[0113] S14: Compare the final unit DC energy consumption with the initial unit DC energy consumption to obtain the performance loss data of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system.

[0114] In this embodiment, a rated condition steady-state performance test is carried out before and after the electrolytic water hydrogen production system conducts a full-year simulation operation of the wind and light fluctuation conditions to obtain the change in the unit DC energy consumption of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system before and after the full-year wind and light fluctuation condition simulation. Obviously, the smaller the difference between the final unit DC energy consumption and the initial unit DC energy consumption, the better the adaptability of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system to the fluctuating power supply of wind power generation, that is, the better the performance of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system.

[0115] To sum up, in this application, a preset fluctuating current including a series of preset current values is determined based on the fluctuating output power supply of wind power generation within at least one year, and the load current of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system is controlled to fluctuate according to the preset fluctuating current. That is to say, in this application, the fluctuating current provided by wind power generation is simulated to provide a load current for the electrolytic water hydrogen production system, which is equivalent to realizing a simulation process in which the electrolytic water hydrogen production system truly uses the fluctuating current provided by wind power generation for hydrogen production, so as to more realistically simulate the loss situation brought by the fluctuating current power supply provided by wind power generation to the electrolytic water hydrogen production system; on this basis, a rated condition steady-state performance test is carried out before and after the full-year wind and light fluctuation condition simulation operation, and the unit DC energy consumption measured in the two rated condition steady-state performance tests is compared, so as to obtain the performance loss generated by the electrolytic water hydrogen production system during the full-year wind and light fluctuation condition simulation operation, and then accurately and reliably evaluate the adaptability performance of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system to the wind and light fluctuating power supply, providing a reliable data basis for the actual use of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system.

[0116] Based on any of the above embodiments, in order to more comprehensively simulate various operating conditions that may occur during the electrolytic water hydrogen production process, in another optional embodiment of this application, in the performance test method of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system, after the first rated condition steady-state performance test and before the second rated condition steady-state performance test, it may further include:

[0117] S21: Control the electrolytic water hydrogen production system to operate under the conditions of rated cell voltage, rated cell temperature and rated current for at least 15 minutes.

[0118] S22: Adjust the load current of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system to the current set current and operate for a set duration under the stable state of the current set current.

[0119] S23: Reduce the load current of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system to 0 and operate for a set duration;

[0120] S24: Determine whether the operating conditions corresponding to all set currents have been completed; if not, enter S25, if so, the simulation test of frequent start-stop of the wind-solar fluctuation conditions is completed.

[0121] S25: Take the next set current as the new current set current and enter S22.

[0122] In this embodiment, considering that during the power supply process of wind-solar power generation, the wind-solar power generation units may encounter extreme conditions of frequent start-stop of the wind-solar power generation units due to sharp changes in the wind farm and light conditions, resulting in serious damage to the electrolytic water hydrogen production system due to this frequent start-stop condition, which will also affect the working performance of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system during subsequent use; for this reason, in this embodiment, in addition to conducting the simulation operation test of the annual wind-solar fluctuation conditions between two rated condition stability performance tests, a further test process of simulating the operation of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system under the frequent start-stop condition is carried out, so as to more comprehensively consider the losses brought by various extreme conditions in reality to the electrolytic water hydrogen production system, and then more accurately evaluate the working performance of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system.

[0123] As Figure 4 shown, Figure 4 shown is a schematic diagram of the fluctuation change of the percentage of the load current relative to the rated current of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system in other frequent wind-solar fluctuation condition simulation tests. Figure 4 The gradual process of the rise and fall of the load current is not shown, but the load current is shown as a jump change. However, it can be understood that the rising rate during the rise and fall process of the load current should not be greater than the theoretical maximum rising rate.

[0124] In Figure 4 the shown embodiment, there should be 7 set currents for the load current, that is, 100%, 35%, 60%, 80%, 90%, 70%, and 110% relative to the rated current in sequence.

[0125] When the load current is adjusted to the current set current and reaches the steady state of the current set current, the load current of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system is maintained to operate for a set duration at the steady state of the current set current. The set duration is at least 15 minutes, for example, it can be 15 minutes, 30 minutes or 1 hour. When the load current drops from the current set current to 0, the water electrolysis hydrogen production system is also maintained to operate in the state of load current being 0 for at least 15 minutes. Thus, the change process of the load current of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system is as follows: first, the load current rises and reaches the steady state of a set current and operates for a period of time, then the load current becomes 0 and operates stably for a period of time, then the load current rises to the next set current and reaches the steady state, and then the load current drops to 0 again, so that the load current alternates between the steady states of the set current and 0, and the set current reached by the load current each time changes in sequence according to the preset current magnitude. Thus, the simulation test of frequent start-stop under the wind-solar power fluctuation condition can be realized.

[0126] Obviously, as the load current of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system jumps from the steady state of each set current to 0 in sequence, it truly simulates the extreme condition of frequent start-stop of the wind-solar power generation units caused by the sudden change of the wind field and light in the environment during the wind-solar power generation process.

[0127] In practical applications, after the first rated condition steady-state performance test and before the annual wind-solar power fluctuation condition simulation operation, this simulation test process of frequent start-stop under the wind-solar power fluctuation condition can be carried out. Through two different destructive test processes, namely the simulation test of frequent start-stop under the wind-solar power fluctuation condition and the annual wind-solar power fluctuation condition simulation operation, the damage and loss brought by the wind-solar power generation fluctuation power supply to the water electrolysis hydrogen production system can be comprehensively simulated, and then the performance of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system can be evaluated more accurately.

[0128] Based on the above embodiments, in another optional embodiment of the present application, in the performance test method of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system, after the first rated condition steady-state performance test and before the second rated condition steady-state performance test, it may further include:

[0129] S31: Control the water electrolysis hydrogen production system to operate under the conditions of rated cell voltage, rated cell temperature and rated current for at least 15 minutes.

[0130] S32: Control the load current of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system to increase from the rated current to 110% of the rated current, and keep running stably for not less than 4 hours, and collect operation data.

[0131] In the process of providing electrical energy for the electrolytic water hydrogen production system by wind and solar power generation, if the wind and solar power generation has a high power generation for a long time, and then maintains the electrolytic water hydrogen production system to run at full power for a long time, it will also cause losses to the electrolytic water hydrogen production system. Therefore, in this embodiment, a simulation test of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system running at full power for a long time can be carried out.

[0132] In this simulation test process, after the electrolytic water hydrogen production system operates under the rated conditions of rated cell voltage, rated cell temperature and rated current for at least 15 minutes, the load current of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system is increased from the rated current to 110% of the rated current, and after the load current reaches a stable state, the electrolytic water hydrogen production system is maintained to run in this stable state for 4 hours, or longer, specifically based on the limit duration of high-power power supply by wind and solar power generation in the application environment of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system, thus completing the wind and light fluctuation adaptability test under the highest input power condition of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system.

[0133] Similar to the above-mentioned annual wind and light fluctuation condition simulation operation and frequent start-stop condition wind and light fluctuation condition simulation test, the simulation test process of this extreme condition of inputting high-power current to the electrolytic water hydrogen production system for a long time in this embodiment is also to test the damage caused by long-term high-power input of electrical energy to the operation of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system, and further evaluate the performance of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system more comprehensively and accurately.

[0134] Based on any of the above embodiments, in addition to performing various destructive simulation tests on the electrolytic water hydrogen production system for performance evaluation, various operating parameters of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system can also be further tested and detected, which can provide reliable data basis for the regulation of various control strategies during the actual operation of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system.

[0135] In another optional embodiment of the present application, in the performance test method of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system, before the annual wind and light fluctuation condition simulation operation after the first rated condition steady-state performance test, it may further include:

[0136] S41: Control the electrolytic water hydrogen production system to operate under the conditions of rated cell voltage, rated cell temperature and rated current for at least 15 minutes.

[0137] S42: Control the electrolytic water hydrogen production system to change and operate step by step in sequence according to the load current increasing or decreasing within the range of 30% to 110% of the rated current, and record the operation data.

[0138] Among them, in the process of step S42, it may specifically include:

[0139] S421: When the load current is less than or equal to 40% of the rated current, control the electrolytic water hydrogen production system to operate under the conditions of constant cell temperature and rated pressure until it reaches a stable state, and maintain the stable state operation for no less than 3 hours;

[0140] S422: When the load current is greater than 40% of the rated current, control the electrolytic water hydrogen production system to operate under the conditions of rated cell temperature and rated pressure until it reaches a stable state, and maintain the stable state operation for no less than 3 hours;

[0141] S423: According to the operation data corresponding to different load currents, determine the unit DC loss corresponding to different load currents, and determine the load current with the smallest corresponding unit DC loss as the optimal load current of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system.

[0142] In this embodiment, the load current of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system can be stabilized at 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, 100%, 110% etc. of the rated current in sequence. During the operation, the load current of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system can be first increased from 0 to 30% of the rated current. When the load current reaches the stable state of 30% of the rated current, maintain the electrolytic water hydrogen production system to operate in this stable state for at least 3 hours, and simultaneously monitor various operation data of the electrolytic water hydrogen production operation, and calculate the corresponding unit DC loss of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system at the current load current based on the monitored operation data; in a similar manner, then control the load current of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system to be stabilized at 40%, 50% etc. of the rated current in sequence until it reaches the stable state of 110% of the rated current, and also collect the operation data of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system in each stable state, and thus obtain the unit DC loss of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system corresponding to each different load current; among them, the load current corresponding to the smallest unit DC loss can be used as the optimal load current of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system. In the subsequent application of this electrolytic water hydrogen production system, this optimal load current can be preferentially used as the set current value for its operation.

[0143] In this embodiment, the operation status of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system in the stable state of each load current should meet the following requirements:

[0144] When the load current is lower than 40% of the rated current, there is no requirement for the electrolytic cell temperature, and the electrolytic cell temperature can be maintained at a constant temperature state, that is, the temperature fluctuation is less than 1.5 °C; at the same time, the electrolytic cell voltage should be maintained at the rated cell voltage, and the fluctuation range relative to this rated cell voltage is not greater than 0.5% of this rated cell voltage, and the electrolytic water hydrogen production system operates in the stable state of each load current for at least 3 hours.

[0145] When the load current is within the range of 40% to the rated current, the electrolyzer temperature should be stabilized at the rated cell temperature, with a fluctuation relative to the rated cell temperature not exceeding ±1.5°C. The electrolyzer voltage should also be stabilized at the rated cell voltage, and the electrolytic water hydrogen production system should operate for at least 30 minutes in a stable state at each load current.

[0146] When the load current is greater than the rated current, keep the electrolytic water hydrogen production system in a state of rated cell temperature and rated cell voltage, and operate for no less than 3 hours in a stable state at each load current.

[0147] During the entire test run, data such as the hydrogen in oxygen concentration, oxygen in hydrogen concentration, electrolyzer temperature, gas-water separator liquid level, liquid level difference, and lye flow rate can be measured every 10 seconds or at shorter time intervals.

[0148] Based on any of the above embodiments, in another optional embodiment of the present application, in the performance test method of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system, before the annual simulation operation of the wind-solar fluctuation conditions after the first rated condition steady-state performance test, it may further include:

[0149] S51: Control the electrolytic water hydrogen production system to operate for at least 15 minutes under the condition that the load current is 30% of the rated current or the minimum load current value.

[0150] S52: Control the electrolytic water hydrogen production system to rise from 30% of the rated current or the minimum load current value to 110% of the rated current at a set load increase rate according to the load current under the conditions of rated cell temperature and rated pressure, and keep running for at least 15 minutes; and monitor in real time whether the oxygen in hydrogen concentration and hydrogen in oxygen concentration in the electrolytic water hydrogen production system both exceed the corresponding safety concentration ranges.

[0151] S53: If both the oxygen in hydrogen concentration and hydrogen in oxygen concentration in the electrolytic water hydrogen production system do not exceed the corresponding safety concentration ranges, then increase and update the set load increase rate to obtain the updated set load increase rate.

[0152] S54: Re-execute the operation steps of controlling the electrolytic water hydrogen production system to rise from 30% of the rated current or the minimum load current value to 110% of the rated current at a set load increase rate according to the load current under the conditions of rated cell temperature and rated pressure, and keep running for at least 15 minutes until at least one of the oxygen in hydrogen concentration and hydrogen in oxygen concentration in the electrolytic water hydrogen production system exceeds the corresponding safety concentration range.

[0153] S55: Take the maximum set load increase rate that enables both the oxygen in hydrogen concentration and hydrogen in oxygen concentration not to exceed the corresponding safety concentration ranges as the maximum allowable load increase rate.

[0154] In practical applications, the initial value of the set load increase rate can be set to 1% in / s (i.e., the percentage change per second of the input load current). According to this set load increase rate, the load current of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system is increased from 30% of the rated current or the minimum load current value to 110% of the rated current. After the load current of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system reaches the stable state of 110% of the rated current, this stable state is maintained and continuously operated for 15 minutes. If during this process, the hydrogen concentration on the hydrogen side of the electrolytic cell and the oxygen concentration on the oxygen side of the electrolytic cell both always remain within the safe concentration range, that is to say, the current set load increase rate is the load increase rate allowed by the water electrolysis hydrogen production system. On this basis, the set load increase rate can be further increased. For example, it can be increased to 2% in / s, and then repeat the above process of increasing the load current of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system from 30% of the rated current or the minimum load current value to 110% of the rated current. During this process, the oxygen in hydrogen concentration and the hydrogen in oxygen concentration are monitored in real time. Once one of the concentration data exceeds the corresponding safe concentration range, it means that the current set load increase rate exceeds the load increase rate allowed by the water electrolysis hydrogen production system, that is to say, the previous set load increase rate of the current set load increase rate is the maximum load increase rate allowed for the normal operation of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system.

[0155] In addition, the oxygen in hydrogen concentration and the hydrogen in oxygen concentration recorded during this process can be respectively plotted as concentration change curves corresponding to different load increase rates, providing a reference basis for the subsequent application of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system.

[0156] In addition, it should be further noted that after each test process of a set load increase rate is completed, the load current of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system needs to be decreased from 110% of the rated current to 30% of the rated current or the minimum load current value. During this process of decreasing the load current, the load current can also be controlled to decrease according to different set load decrease rates, so as to test and obtain the maximum load decrease rate of the load current of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system. The test standard is also to ensure that the oxygen in hydrogen concentration and the hydrogen in oxygen concentration are maintained within the safe concentration range.

[0157] Based on the above discussion, in another optional embodiment of the present application, in the performance test method of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system, before the annual simulation operation of the wind-solar fluctuation conditions after the first rated condition steady-state performance test, it may further include:

[0158] S61: Control the water electrolysis hydrogen production system to operate under the conditions of rated cell voltage, rated cell temperature, and rated current for at least 15 minutes;

[0159] S62: Control the water electrolysis hydrogen production system to operate at the current set current of the load current until it reaches a stable state, and maintain the stable state for a set duration;

[0160] S63: Control the load current of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system to increase from the current set current to 110% of the rated current, and collect the response duration of the load current increasing from the current set current to 110% of the rated current.

[0161] S64: Determine whether all the operating conditions corresponding to the set currents have been completed; if so, the test of the response duration of the load current change condition is completed, and if not, enter S65.

[0162] S65: Take the next set current as the new current set current.

[0163] Refer to Figure 5 , in this embodiment, the focus is to test the response duration corresponding to the stable state of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system during the rise of the load current. Refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6 , in this application, multiple different set currents such as 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, and 100% of the rated current are set in sequence, and the load current is sequentially increased from each set current to 110% of the rated current at the maximum set load increase rate, and the time required for the load current to rise from the current set current to the stable state of 110% of the rated current, that is, the response duration, is determined. As Figure 6 shown, Figure 6 is the schematic diagram of the change curve of the process where the load current rises from 50% of the rated current to the stable state of 110% of the rated current and then drops to 60% of the rated current. ∆t in the figure is the response duration of this process.

[0164] In this embodiment, the corresponding response durations are measured sequentially for multiple different set currents. On the one hand, it can reflect the fast response performance of the load current fluctuation of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system in actual application, and on the other hand, it can also provide a reliable data basis for the subsequent actual application of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system.

[0165] In addition, during the whole test process, various operating data such as the oxygen concentration in hydrogen, hydrogen concentration in oxygen, input voltage, load current, electrolytic cell temperature, electrolytic cell pressure, etc. of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system can also be collected and recorded in real time, and after the whole test is completed, curves of hydrogen concentration change and oxygen concentration change, etc. can be drawn to provide a reference basis for the formulation of control strategies in the subsequent actual application of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system.

[0166] Based on the above discussion, in another optional embodiment of this application, before the first rated condition steady-state performance test, it further includes:

[0167] Control the electrolytic water hydrogen production system to gradually increase the load current from 0 to the rated current in the cold standby state, hot standby state, and hot standby state respectively, and collect the operation data of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system to conduct three start-up performance tests on the electrolytic water hydrogen production system, namely, cold start test, hot start test, and hot standby start test; among them, the operation data at least includes electrolytic cell temperature, electrolytic cell pressure, input voltage, hydrogen production, electrolytic power, oxygen concentration in hydrogen, and hydrogen concentration in oxygen.

[0168] In each start-up performance test, when the oxygen concentration in hydrogen and the hydrogen concentration in oxygen both reach within the corresponding qualified concentration range for at least 5 minutes, the start-up performance test runs end and passes the test.

[0169] According to the operation data, obtain the first operation duration when the electrolytic cell temperature first reaches the rated temperature, the second operation duration when the electrolytic cell pressure first reaches the rated pressure, the third operation duration when the hydrogen production first reaches the set hydrogen production amount, and the fourth operation duration of the rated power under the stable state operation when the electrolytic cell first reaches the rated current in each start-up performance test of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system, and obtain the electrolytic power curve, oxygen concentration curve in hydrogen, and hydrogen concentration curve in oxygen.

[0170] Among them, in the process of gradually increasing the load current from 0 to the rated current when the electrolytic water hydrogen production system is in the cold standby state, it includes:

[0171] Keep the electrolytic water hydrogen production system in a cold standby condition with the electrolytic cell temperature not greater than 30°C, the electrolytic cell pressure of 0.1 MPa to 0.2 MPa, and the load current of 0 for at least 12 hours.

[0172] Adjust the electrolyte temperature at the inlet of the electrolytic cell of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system to the cold start temperature not less than 30°C, and gradually increase the load current from 0 to the rated current.

[0173] In the process of gradually increasing the load current from 0 to the rated current when the electrolytic water hydrogen production system is in the hot standby state, it includes:

[0174] Keep the electrolytic water hydrogen production system in a hot standby condition with the electrolytic cell temperature in the range of 85 - 90°C, the electrolytic cell pressure of 0.1 MPa to 0.2 MPa, and the load current of 0 for at least 1 hour; gradually increase the load current of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system from 0 to the rated current.

[0175] In the process of gradually increasing the load current from 0 to the rated current when the electrolytic water hydrogen production system is in the hot standby state, it includes:

[0176] Adjust the electrolytic cell temperature of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system to 45°C - 55°C, and gradually increase the load current from 0 to the rated current.

[0177] In this embodiment, the process of cold start testing for the electrolytic water hydrogen production system may specifically include:

[0178] Keep the electrolytic water hydrogen production system in a cold standby condition with the electrolytic cell temperature not greater than 30°C, the electrolytic cell pressure of 0.1 MPa to 0.2 MPa, and the load current of 0 for at least 12 h;

[0179] Adjust the electrolyte temperature at the inlet of the electrolytic cell of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system to a cold start temperature not less than 30°C, and gradually increase the load current from the minimum load current to the set current value, and collect and record the operation data in real time;

[0180] When the oxygen concentration in hydrogen and the hydrogen concentration in oxygen both reach the corresponding qualified concentration ranges for at least 5 min, the cold start test run ends.

[0181] In this embodiment, the process of hot start testing for the electrolytic water hydrogen production system may include:

[0182] Keep the electrolytic water hydrogen production system in a hot standby condition with the electrolytic cell temperature in the range of 85 - 90°C, the electrolytic cell pressure of 0.1 MPa to 0.2 MPa, and the load current of 0 for at least 1 h;

[0183] Gradually increase the load current of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system from the minimum load current to the set current value, and collect and record the operation data in real time;

[0184] When the oxygen concentration in hydrogen and the hydrogen concentration in oxygen of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system both reach the corresponding qualified concentration ranges for at least 5 min, the hot start test run ends.

[0185] In this embodiment, the process of hot standby start testing for the electrolytic water hydrogen production system may include:

[0186] Adjust the electrolytic cell temperature of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system to 45°C - 55°C, gradually increase the load current from the minimum load current to the set current value, and collect and record the operation data in real time;

[0187] When the oxygen concentration in hydrogen and the hydrogen concentration in oxygen of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system both reach the corresponding qualified concentration ranges for at least 5 min, the hot start test run ends.

[0188] In the start performance test of any of the above items, according to the operation data, obtain the first operation duration when the electrolytic cell temperature first reaches the rated temperature, the second operation duration when the electrolytic cell pressure first reaches the rated pressure, the third operation duration when the hydrogen production first reaches the set hydrogen production amount, the fourth operation duration when the electrolytic cell first reaches the rated power under stable state operation, and obtain the electrolysis power curve, the oxygen concentration curve in hydrogen, and the hydrogen concentration curve in oxygen.

[0189] Based on the above discussion, the processes of cold start test, hot start test, and hot standby start test carried out in this application are basically similar, only the initial working conditions of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system are different. Therefore, the start-up operation processes of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system under long-term shutdown, short-term shutdown, and hot standby conditions can be fully simulated respectively, and various operation data during the start-up operation process can be recorded, providing a reliable data basis for the actual use of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system.

[0190] In summary, in this application, a preset fluctuating current including a series of preset current values is determined based on the fluctuating output power supply of wind-solar power generation within at least one year, and the load current of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system is controlled to fluctuate according to the preset fluctuating current. That is to say, in this application, the operation process of providing load current for the electrolytic water hydrogen production system is simulated under the condition of simulating the actual annual wind-solar power generation power fluctuation, so as to more realistically simulate the loss situation brought by the fluctuating power supply provided by wind-solar power generation to the electrolytic water hydrogen production system; on this basis, a rated condition steady-state performance test is carried out once before and after the simulation operation of the annual wind-solar fluctuation condition, and the unit DC energy consumption measured in the two rated condition steady-state performance tests is compared, so as to determine the performance loss generated by the electrolytic water hydrogen production system during the simulation operation of the annual wind-solar fluctuation condition, and then accurately and reliably evaluate the adaptability performance of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system to wind-solar fluctuating power supply, providing a reliable data basis for the actual use of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system.

[0191] It should be noted that in this article, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the term "including", "comprising" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that the elements inherent in a process, method, article or device including a series of elements are included. Without further limitation, an element defined by the statement "including a..." does not exclude the existence of another identical element in the process, method, article or device including the said element. In addition, the parts of the above technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application that are consistent with the corresponding technical solutions in the prior art in terms of implementation principles are not described in detail to avoid excessive elaboration.

[0192] In this article, specific examples are used to elaborate on the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and its core idea of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art in this technical field, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can be made to the present invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A performance test method for a water electrolysis hydrogen production system, characterized in that: include: Controlling the water electrolysis hydrogen production system to stably operate for no less than 24 hours under rated operating conditions of rated cell pressure, rated cell temperature and rated current, so as to conduct the first rated operating condition steady-state performance test and obtain the initial unit DC energy consumption of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system; Control the load current of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system to change according to the preset fluctuating current, and perform a simulated operation of the wind and solar power fluctuation conditions throughout the year; wherein the preset fluctuating current is determined according to the fluctuation of the power supply power of wind and solar power generation within at least one year; Conducting a second rated operating condition steady-state performance test on the water electrolysis hydrogen production system to measure the final unit DC energy consumption of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system; The final unit DC energy consumption is compared with the initial unit DC energy consumption to obtain performance loss data of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system.

2. The performance testing method of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The process of determining the preset fluctuating current includes: Obtain historical power supply data of wind and solar power generation for at least one year; Selecting a plurality of historical power supply data within at least one set time period on at least one set date of each month; Determine each of the preset current values ​​by taking the percentage of each of the historical power supply data to the wind and solar power generation installed capacity as the percentage of the corresponding preset current value relative to the rated current; The preset current values ​​are sorted in the time sequence of the corresponding set time segments to obtain the preset fluctuating current.

3. The performance testing method of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: Controlling the load current of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system to change according to the preset fluctuating current, and performing the simulation operation of the wind and solar fluctuation conditions throughout the year, including: Control the water electrolysis hydrogen production system to operate according to the load current, and change the preset current values ​​in the preset fluctuating current in turn, and operate for 5min to 10min under each preset current value condition, and monitor the oxygen concentration in hydrogen and the hydrogen concentration in oxygen in the water electrolysis hydrogen production system; wherein the number of the preset current values ​​in the preset fluctuating current is 2000 to 3000; the rising rate of the load current is not greater than the theoretical maximum rising rate; When at least one of the oxygen concentration in hydrogen and the hydrogen concentration in oxygen exceeds the corresponding safe concentration range, the water electrolysis hydrogen production system is controlled to operate stably for at least 30 minutes under a hot standby condition; Controlling the load current of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system to change and operate in sequence according to the remaining preset current values ​​in the preset fluctuating current; When the load current of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system is completed in sequence according to all the preset current values ​​in the preset fluctuating current, the hydrogen concentration change curve and the oxygen concentration change curve corresponding to the wind and solar fluctuation conditions throughout the year are drawn according to the oxygen concentration in hydrogen and the hydrogen concentration in oxygen.

4. The performance testing method of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The process of obtaining the initial unit DC energy consumption of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system includes: Obtaining hydrogen production data, operating time, and electrolytic cell input power of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system when it is operating under the rated operating conditions; According to the unit DC energy consumption formula The initial unit DC energy consumption is determined by calculation; wherein, is the unit DC energy consumption, is the running time, is the hydrogen production data measured by a flow meter at the output end of the hydrogen purification equipment, Electrical energy is input to the electrolytic cell.

5. The performance testing method of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system according to claim 1, characterized in that: After the first rated operating steady-state performance test and before the second rated operating steady-state performance test, it also includes: Controlling the water electrolysis hydrogen production system to operate at least 15 minutes under the conditions of rated cell pressure, rated cell temperature and rated current; Controlling the load current of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system to be adjusted to a current set current and operating the system for a set time under a stable state of the current set current; Controlling the load current of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system to be reduced to 0 and running for the set time; Determine whether all the working conditions corresponding to the set current have been completed; If not, the following set current is used as the new current set current, and the load current of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system is controlled to be adjusted to the current set current and run for a set time under the stable state of the current set current; If so, the simulation test of frequent start-stop wind and solar power fluctuation conditions is completed.

6. The performance testing method of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system according to claim 1, characterized in that: After the first rated operating steady-state performance test and before the second rated operating steady-state performance test, it also includes: Controlling the water electrolysis hydrogen production system to operate at least 15 minutes under the conditions of rated cell pressure, rated cell temperature and rated current; The load current of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system is controlled to increase from the rated current to 110% of the rated current, and continuous stable operation is ensured for not less than 4 hours, and operation data is collected.

7. The performance testing method of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system according to claim 1, characterized in that: After the first rated steady-state performance test and before the full-year wind-solar fluctuation simulation operation, it also includes: Controlling the water electrolysis hydrogen production system to operate at least 15 minutes under the conditions of rated cell pressure, rated cell temperature and rated current; Controlling the water electrolysis hydrogen production system to operate in sequence according to the load current gradually increasing or decreasing within the range of 30% to 110% of the rated current, and recording the operation data; Wherein, when the load current is less than or equal to 40% of the rated current, the water electrolysis hydrogen production system is controlled to operate under the conditions of constant cell temperature and the rated pressure to reach a stable state, and maintain the stable state operation for not less than 3 hours; When the load current is greater than 40% of the rated current, the water electrolysis hydrogen production system is controlled to operate at the rated cell temperature and the rated pressure to reach a stable state, and the stable state operation time is maintained for not less than 3 hours; According to the operation data corresponding to the different load currents, the unit DC losses corresponding to the different load currents are determined, and the load current with the smallest corresponding unit DC loss is determined as the optimal load current of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system.

8. The performance testing method of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system according to claim 1, characterized in that: After the first rated steady-state performance test and before the full-year wind-solar fluctuation simulation operation, it also includes: Controlling the water electrolysis hydrogen production system to operate for at least 15 minutes under the condition that the load current is 30% of the rated current or the minimum load current value; Controlling the water electrolysis hydrogen production system to increase the load current from 30% of the rated current or the minimum load current value to 110% of the rated current at a set load increase rate under the conditions of rated cell temperature and rated pressure, and maintaining operation for at least 15 minutes; and monitoring in real time whether the oxygen concentration in hydrogen and the hydrogen concentration in oxygen in the water electrolysis hydrogen production system do not exceed the corresponding safe concentration range; If the oxygen concentration in hydrogen and the hydrogen concentration in oxygen in the water electrolysis hydrogen production system do not exceed the corresponding safe concentration range, the set load increase rate is increased and updated to obtain an updated set load increase rate; Re-execute the operating step of controlling the water electrolysis hydrogen production system to increase the load current from 30% of the rated current or the minimum load current value to 110% of the rated current at a set load increase rate under the conditions of rated cell temperature and rated pressure, and keep running for at least 15 minutes until at least one of the oxygen concentration in hydrogen and the hydrogen concentration in oxygen in the water electrolysis hydrogen production system exceeds the corresponding safe concentration range; The maximum set load increase rate corresponding to the safe concentration range at which the oxygen concentration in the hydrogen and the hydrogen concentration in the oxygen do not exceed the corresponding safe concentration range is the maximum allowable load increase rate.

9. The performance testing method of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system according to claim 1, characterized in that: After the first rated steady-state performance test and before the full-year wind-solar fluctuation simulation operation, it also includes: Controlling the water electrolysis hydrogen production system to operate at least 15 minutes under the conditions of rated cell pressure, rated cell temperature and rated current; Control the water electrolysis hydrogen production system to run to a stable state according to the load current being the current set current, and maintain the stable state operation for a set time; Controlling the load current of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system to increase from the current setting current to 110% of the rated current, and collecting the response time of the load current increasing from the current setting current to 110% of the rated current; Determine whether all the working conditions corresponding to the set current have been completed; If not, the set current described below is used as the new current set current, and the operation steps of controlling the water electrolysis hydrogen production system to run to a stable state according to the load current being the current set current, and maintaining the stable state operation for a set time are performed; If yes, the load current change condition response time test is completed.

10. The performance testing method of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Before the first rated steady-state performance test, it also includes: Controlling the water electrolysis hydrogen production system to gradually increase the load current from 0 to the rated current in a cold standby state, a hot standby state, and a hot standby standby state, and collecting the operating data of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system to perform three starting performance tests of a cold start test, a hot start test, and a hot standby start test on the water electrolysis hydrogen production system; wherein the operating data at least includes electrolyzer temperature, electrolyzer pressure, input voltage, hydrogen production, electrolysis power, oxygen concentration in hydrogen, and hydrogen concentration in oxygen; In each of the startup performance tests, when the oxygen concentration in hydrogen and the hydrogen concentration in oxygen both reach the corresponding qualified concentration range for at least 5 minutes, the startup performance test is completed and the test is passed; According to the operation data, the first operation time during which the electrolyzer temperature reaches the rated temperature for the first time, the second operation time during which the electrolyzer pressure reaches the rated pressure for the first time, the third operation time during which the hydrogen production reaches the set hydrogen production for the first time, and the fourth operation time during which the electrolyzer reaches the rated power under the steady-state operation at the rated current for the first time in each of the startup performance tests of the hydrogen production system by electrolysis are obtained, and an electrolysis power curve, an oxygen concentration curve in hydrogen, and a hydrogen concentration curve in oxygen are obtained; The process of gradually increasing the load current from 0 to the rated current of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system in the cold standby state includes: The water electrolysis hydrogen production system is maintained in a cold standby condition with an electrolytic cell temperature of no more than 30° C., an electrolytic cell pressure of 0.1 MPa to 0.2 MPa, and a load current of 0 for at least 12 hours; The electrolyte temperature at the inlet of the electrolyzer of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system is adjusted to a cold start temperature of not less than 30° C., and the load current is gradually increased from 0 to the rated current; The process of gradually increasing the load current from 0 to the rated current of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system in the hot standby state includes: The water electrolysis hydrogen production system is maintained in a hot standby condition with an electrolytic cell temperature of 85-90° C., an electrolytic cell pressure of 0.1 MPa-0.2 MPa, and a load current of 0 for at least 1 hour; and the load current of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system is gradually increased from 0 to the rated current; The process of gradually increasing the load current from 0 to the rated current of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system in the hot standby state includes: The temperature of the electrolyzer of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system is adjusted to 45° C. to 55° C., and the load current is gradually increased from 0 to the rated current.

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