Construction method of bent cap assembly type formwork capable of being integrally hoisted and disassembled in half range

Abstract

The invention discloses a construction method of a bent cap assembly type formwork capable of being integrally hoisted and detached in a half-range mode, the bent cap assembly type formwork comprises a hoop triangular bracket, two half-range assembly type bottom formwork bodies and two half-range assembly type side formwork bodies, and the construction method comprises the construction steps that S1, the hoop triangular bracket is fixed to a pier column through a steel bar; s2, the bottom formwork is hoisted to the hoop triangular bracket, and locking is conducted after the elevation is adjusted; s3, after the steel bars are bound, cover beam concrete is poured; s4, after the bent cap concrete reaches the age, the side formworks are separated from the bottom formwork; the side formwork is hoisted away; s5, the elevation of the bottom formwork is reduced, the bottom formwork is separated from concrete of the bent cap, the bottom formwork horizontally slides out of the horizontal projection range of the bent cap along the outer side, and the half-range formwork is integrally hoisted away; and S6, the hoop triangular bracket and the steel bar are dismounted. According to the construction method, the assembling and disassembling speed of the cover beam formwork can be increased, the cover beam construction efficiency is improved, the use cost of hoisting equipment is saved, and the high-altitude operation risk is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of bent cap construction, and specifically to a construction method for an assembled formwork of a bent cap that is hoisted and disassembled in a half-width integral manner. Background Art

[0002] In bridge engineering, the bent cap, as a key load-bearing structure at the top of the pier column, plays an important role in transmitting the upper load to the lower structure. At present, the construction of bent caps mainly adopts two mainstream processes: the hoop method and the through-bar method. Although these methods meet the engineering requirements to a certain extent, there are still significant technical limitations in key construction links such as formwork installation and removal. The existing mainstream bent cap formwork construction system is composed of combined steel sections. Although these combined steel section systems have good load-bearing performance, their large self-weight and bulky volume pose many challenges to high-altitude operations. In the existing bent cap formwork construction system, each member needs to be spliced and disassembled one by one. In the high-altitude operation environment with limited space, workers have to spend a lot of time on the cumbersome formwork disassembly and assembly operations, which not only seriously affects the construction progress but also poses many safety hazards. As the construction period continues to extend, the project cost also increases significantly. This traditional construction mode dominated by manual operation obviously cannot meet the high standards of construction efficiency, safety, and economy required by contemporary bridge engineering.

[0003] In view of this situation, there is an urgent need to develop an innovative construction method for bent cap formwork. This new method should be efficient, safe, and environmentally friendly, and can effectively solve the problems existing in current construction, and also inject new impetus into promoting the development of bridge engineering construction technology towards modernization and scientification. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a construction method for an assembled formwork of a bent cap that is hoisted and disassembled in a half-width integral manner in view of the problems existing in the prior art. This construction method can accelerate the installation and removal speed of the bent cap formwork, improve the construction efficiency of the bent cap, save the usage cost of hoisting equipment, reduce the amount of high-altitude operations of personnel, and reduce the high-altitude operation risk.

[0005] The present invention is implemented by adopting the following technical solutions: A construction method for an assembled formwork of a bent cap that is hoisted and disassembled in a half-width integral manner, wherein the assembled formwork of the bent cap includes a hoop triangular bracket, two half-width assembled bottom formworks, and side formworks. The construction includes the following steps: S1. The hoop triangular bracket is installed and pre-tightened on the ground, and the hoop triangular bracket is integrally sleeved on the pier column by using a hoisting device and fixed at the set elevation position of the pier column through steel bars.

[0006] S2. The bottom formwork is hoisted onto the hoop triangular bracket by using a hoisting device, the elevation of the bottom formwork is adjusted through a drop device, and the two half-width assembled bottom formworks are integrally locked through bottom tie rods.

[0007] S3. After the steel bars are tied, the side formwork frame is hoisted onto the bottom formwork frame by a hoisting device. The horizontal moving device is started to horizontally move the side formwork into place. The side formwork and the bottom formwork are joined together by using the pin box device node connection, and the upper tie rod is locked to fix the side formwork. Subsequently, the capping beam concrete is poured.

[0008] S4. After the capping beam concrete reaches the age, the formwork is removed. First, the upper tie rod is removed, the pin box device is separated, and the connection between the side formwork and the bottom formwork is released. The horizontal moving device is started to separate the side formwork from the capping beam concrete, and the side formwork frame is lifted off the bottom formwork frame by using the hoisting device.

[0009] S5. The bottom tie rod of the bottom formwork frame is removed, the connection between the two half-width assembled bottom formwork frames is released, and the elevation of the bottom formwork frame is lowered through the lowering device to separate the bottom formwork from the capping beam concrete. Finally, the traction device on the hoop triangular bracket is started to pull the sliding shoe at the bottom of the bottom formwork frame on the slide rail, and the bottom formwork frame is horizontally slid out of the horizontal projection range of the capping beam along the outside, and the half-width formwork frame is hoisted away integrally by a crane.

[0010] S6. The half hoop triangular bracket is lifted by the hoisting device, and the other outer half hoop triangular bracket is suspended on the capping beam. Finally, the hoop bolts are loosened, and the two half hoop triangular brackets and the steel bars are lifted off the pier column respectively.

[0011] Further preferably, the hoop triangular bracket is composed of two half hoop triangular brackets joined together. The half hoop triangular bracket includes a hoop, a diagonal rod, a vertical rod, and an upper chord rod. The diagonal rod is connected to the vertical rod and the upper chord rod in a triangular shape. The upper and lower ends of the vertical rod are respectively connected to the hoop, and the bottom end of the vertical rod is supported on the steel bar. The hoops of the two half hoop triangular brackets are connected by bolts to form a ring for the hoop on the pier column.

[0012] Further preferably, a traction device is installed on the upper chord rod of the hoop triangular bracket, and a slide rail is arranged on the upper chord rod. The traction device adopts a winch, and the steel wire rope of the winch is connected to the sliding shoe or the bottom formwork frame.

[0013] Further preferably, a tie rod is arranged between the bolt fastening point of the hoop at the upper end of the vertical rod and the upper chord rod. The tie rod is used to restrain the horizontal force generated during the pouring of the capping beam and prevent the hoop triangular bracket from laterally losing stability.

[0014] Further preferably, a lowering device for adjusting the height of the bottom formwork frame is arranged above the connection node between the upper chord rod and the hoop. The lowering device adopts a commonly used adjusting device in the construction industry and can be purchased and installed for use.

[0015] Further preferably, the bottom formwork support includes a main distribution beam, a secondary distribution beam, and a bottom formwork; sliding shoes are provided at the bottom of the main distribution beam, and the sliding shoes are slidably installed on the slide rails of the upper chord. The secondary distribution beam is fixed to the main distribution beam, and the bottom formwork is installed on the secondary distribution beam. A bottom tie rod is provided between two half-width assembled bottom formwork supports.

[0016] Further preferably, the side formwork support includes a side formwork and a lateral movement device. The lateral movement device is fixedly installed on the bottom formwork support. The lateral movement device is connected to the backing beam of the side formwork. The side formwork is driven by the lateral movement device to move horizontally to a designated position to complete the splicing of the side formwork and the bottom formwork. An upper tie rod is symmetrically arranged between the side formworks on both sides. The lateral movement device adopts an electric push rod, and the electric push rod is installed on the secondary distribution beam or the bottom formwork. The piston rod of the electric push rod is connected to the backing beam of the side formwork through an inclined strut. The bottom elevation of the side formwork is lower than that of the bottom formwork by more than [X] centimeters to ensure that the side formwork can be closely spliced with the bottom formwork.

[0017] Further preferably, pin box devices are provided on the secondary distribution beam of the bottom formwork support and the backing beam of the side formwork to complete the connection and fixation of the side formwork and the bottom formwork. The pin box device adopts a chute and pin connection structure. The chute is arranged on the secondary distribution beam, and the bottom end of the backing beam of the side formwork is slidably installed in the chute. Pin holes are respectively provided corresponding to the chute and the bottom end of the backing beam, and a pin is inserted into the pin holes to pin and fix the chute and the bottom end of the backing beam.

[0018] Further preferably, a safety guardrail is provided on the outer periphery of the bottom formwork support to ensure the safety of high-altitude operations for the cap beam.

[0019] Due to the adoption of the above construction method, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. Through the integral assembly of the hoop triangular bracket on the ground, and then using a hoisting device to integrally penetrate from the pier top and lower it, and place it on the steel bars. The effective combination of the hoop and the steel bars solves the problems of high installation and removal risks and difficult quality accuracy assurance in the traditional high-altitude decentralized assembly of the hoop bracket compared with the method of installing each component on site.

[0020] 2. The bottom formwork support is pre-assembled on the ground and then hoisted in half-width as a whole onto the hoop triangular bracket, avoiding the high-altitude assembly operation of heavy combined steel sections and greatly reducing the high-altitude operation time. 3. The bottom formwork support reduces the elevation of the bottom formwork support through the drop device at the hoop node. By starting the traction device on the hoop triangular bracket to move the sliding shoes, the formwork support can be disengaged and hoisted as a whole. Compared with the conventional construction method of installing and removing the formwork support in blocks and components, the hoisting workload is reduced, the formwork support removal efficiency is effectively improved, and the removal process is safe, efficient, and controllable.

[0021] 4. Through the lateral movement device and the pin box device, the bottom formwork frame and the side formwork frame are connected into an integrated truss structure, forming a stable structure composed of formwork longitudinal beams, distribution beams, back ribs, and upper connecting rods. At the same time, it also avoids the cumbersome high-altitude installation and removal of single formwork components in traditional construction, reduces the amount of high-altitude work of personnel, and reduces the risk of high-altitude work.

[0022] 5. Design an adjustable connection node for the side formwork and the bottom formwork. The formwork is applicable to both tie beams and capping beams and can be used for capping beams and tie beams with different widths, expanding the scope of use of the formwork. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the first perspective of the fabricated capping beam formwork for half-width integral hoisting and dismantling; Figure 2 FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the second perspective of the fabricated capping beam formwork for half-width integral hoisting and dismantling; Figure 3 FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the third perspective of the fabricated capping beam formwork for half-width integral hoisting and dismantling; Figure 4 FIG. 4 is a schematic installation structure view of the hoop triangular bracket; Figure 5 FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of the bottom formwork frame; The component names corresponding to the numbers in the figures are as follows: 1. Steel bar, 2. Hoop triangular bracket, 3. Bottom formwork frame, 4. Side formwork frame, 5. Safety guardrail, 20. Hoop, 21. Diagonal bar, 22. Vertical bar, 23. Upper chord bar, 24. Traction device, 25. Slide rail, 26. Tie rod, 27. Bolt, 30. Main distribution beam, 31. Secondary distribution beam, 32. Bottom formwork, 33. Slide shoe, 34. Bottom tie rod, 35. Shoring device, 40. Side formwork, 41. Back rib, 42. Lateral movement device, 43. Upper tie rod, 44. Pin box device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0024] The following describes the technical solutions in the invention clearly and completely in conjunction with the embodiments. The described embodiments are only a part of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. Embodiment

[0025] A construction method for a fabricated capping beam formwork for half-width integral hoisting and dismantling. The fabricated capping beam formwork includes a hoop triangular bracket 2, two half-width fabricated bottom formwork frames 3, and side formwork frames 4. The construction includes the following steps: S1. Refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 4 , the hoop triangular bracket 2 is installed and pre-tightened on the ground, and the hoop triangular bracket 2 is integrally sleeved on the pier column by using hoisting equipment and fixed at the set elevation position of the pier column through the steel bar 1.

[0026] S2. Refer to Figure 2 and Figure 5 , use the hoisting equipment to lift the bottom formwork support 3 onto the hoop triangular bracket 2, adjust the elevation of the bottom formwork support 3 through the drop device 35, and lock the two semi - assembled bottom formwork supports 3 together integrally through the bottom tie rod 34.

[0027] S3. Refer to Figure 3 , Figure 5 , after the steel bars are tied, use the hoisting equipment to lift the side formwork support 4 onto the bottom formwork support 3, start the lateral moving device 42 to move the side formwork 40 laterally into place, use the pin box device 44 for node connection to assemble the side formwork 40 with the bottom formwork 32, and lock the upper tie rod 43 to fix the side formwork 40. Then, proceed with the casting of the cap beam concrete.

[0028] S4. After the cap beam concrete reaches the age, remove the formwork. First, remove the upper tie rod 43, separate the pin box device 44, and release the connection between the side formwork 40 and the bottom formwork 32; start the lateral moving device 42 to separate the side formwork 40 from the cap beam concrete, and use the hoisting equipment to lift the side formwork support 4 off the bottom formwork support 3.

[0029] S5. Remove the bottom tie rod 34 of the bottom formwork support 3, release the connection between the two semi - assembled bottom formwork supports 3, lower the elevation of the bottom formwork support 3 through the drop device 35 to separate the bottom formwork 32 from the cap beam concrete; finally, start the traction device 24 on the hoop triangular bracket 2, pull the sliding shoe 33 at the bottom of the bottom formwork support 3 on the slide rail 25, and slide the bottom formwork support 3 horizontally along the outside to outside the horizontal projection range of the cap beam, and use a crane to lift the semi - formwork support as a whole.

[0030] S6. Use the hoisting equipment to hold one half of the hoop triangular bracket 2, and the other outer half of the hoop triangular bracket 2 is suspended on the cap beam. Finally, loosen the bolts 27 of the hoop 20, and lift the two half - hoop triangular brackets 2 and the steel rod 1 off the pier column respectively.

[0031] The hoop triangular bracket 2 is composed of two half - hoop triangular brackets assembled together. The half - hoop triangular bracket includes a hoop 20, an inclined rod 21, a vertical rod 22, and an upper chord rod 23. The inclined rod 21 is connected to the vertical rod 22 and the upper chord rod 23 in a triangular shape. The upper and lower ends of the vertical rod 22 are respectively connected to the hoop 20, and the bottom end of the vertical rod 22 is supported on the steel rod 1; the hoops 20 of the two half - hoop triangular brackets are connected in a ring shape through bolts 27 for hooping on the pier column.

[0032] The traction device 24 is installed on the upper chord rod 23 of the hoop triangular bracket 2, and the slide rail 25 is arranged on the upper chord rod 23. The traction device 24 uses a winch, and the steel wire rope of the winch is connected to the sliding shoe 33 or the bottom formwork support 3.

[0033] A tie rod 26 is arranged between the bolt fastening point of the hoop 20 at the upper end of the vertical rod 22 and the upper chord 23. The tie rod 26 is used to restrain the horizontal force generated during the casting of the capping beam and prevent the transverse instability of the hoop triangular bracket.

[0034] Above the connection node of the upper chord 23 and the hoop 20, a drop device 35 for adjusting the height of the bottom formwork support 3 is provided.

[0035] The bottom formwork support 3 includes a main distribution beam 30, a secondary distribution beam 31, and a bottom formwork 32; sliding shoes 33 are provided at the bottom of the main distribution beam 30, and the sliding shoes 33 are slidably installed on the slide rail 25 of the upper chord 23. The secondary distribution beam 31 is fixed on the main distribution beam 30, the bottom formwork 32 is installed on the secondary distribution beam 31, and a bottom tie rod 34 is arranged between the two half-width assembled bottom formwork supports 3.

[0036] The side formwork support 4 includes a side formwork 40 and a lateral moving device 42. The lateral moving device 42 is fixedly installed on the bottom formwork support 3. The lateral moving device 42 is connected to the back rib 41 of the side formwork 40. The side formwork 40 is driven by the lateral moving device 42 to move horizontally to a specified position to complete the splicing of the side formwork 40 and the bottom formwork 42. Upper tie rods 43 are arranged oppositely between the side formworks 40 on both sides. The lateral moving device 42 adopts an electric push rod, and the electric push rod is installed on the secondary distribution beam 31 or the bottom formwork 32. The piston rod of the electric push rod is connected to the back rib of the side formwork through an inclined strut. The bottom elevation of the side formwork is more than 3 cm lower than the elevation of the bottom formwork to ensure that the side formwork can be closely spliced with the bottom formwork.

[0037] Pin box devices 44 are provided on the secondary distribution beam 31 of the bottom formwork support 3 and the back rib 41 of the side formwork 40, and the connection and fixation of the side formwork 40 and the bottom formwork 32 are completed by using the pin box devices 44. The pin box device 44 adopts a chute and pin shaft connection structure. The chute is arranged on the secondary distribution beam 31, the bottom end of the back rib 41 of the side formwork 40 is slidably installed in the chute, pin holes are respectively provided corresponding to the chute and the bottom end of the back rib 41, and a pin shaft is inserted into the pin holes to pin and fix the chute and the bottom end of the back rib 41.

[0038] A safety protection railing 5 is arranged on the outer periphery of the bottom formwork support 3 to ensure the safety of high-altitude operation of the capping beam.

[0039] The above description is not a limitation of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above examples. Any changes, modifications, additions, or substitutions made by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the essence of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A construction method for a cap beam assembly formwork that is hoisted and dismantled in half, characterized in that: The cap beam assembly formwork comprises a hoop triangular bracket (2), two half-width assembled bottom formworks (3) and a side formwork (4), and the construction comprises the following steps: S1. The hoop triangular bracket (2) is pre-tightened on the ground, and the hoop triangular bracket (2) is mounted on the pier as a whole using a lifting device, and is fixed to the pier at a set elevation position by a steel rod (1); S2. Use the lifting equipment to lift the bottom formwork frame (3) onto the hoop triangle bracket (2), adjust the elevation of the bottom formwork frame (3) through the unloading device (35), and lock the two half-width assembled bottom formwork frames (3) as a whole through the bottom tie rod (34); S3. After the reinforcement is tied, the side formwork (4) is hoisted onto the bottom formwork (3) by a hoisting device, the lateral moving device (42) is started to move the side formwork (40) horizontally into place, the side formwork (40) is joined with the bottom formwork (32) by using the pin-box device (44) to connect the nodes, and the upper tie rod (43) is locked to fix the side formwork (40), and then the cap beam concrete is poured; S4. After the cap beam concrete reaches the age, the formwork is removed. First, the upper tie rod (43) is removed, the pin box device (44) is separated, and the connection between the side formwork (40) and the bottom formwork (32) is released; the lateral moving device (42) is started to separate the side formwork (40) from the cap beam concrete, and the side formwork (4) is lifted off the bottom formwork (3) by a lifting device; S5. Remove the bottom tie rod (34) of the bottom formwork frame (3), release the connection between the two half-width assembled bottom formwork frames (3), lower the elevation of the bottom formwork frame (3) through the unloading device (35), and realize the separation of the bottom formwork (32) from the cap beam concrete; finally, start the traction device (24) on the hoop triangular bracket (2), pull the sliding shoe (33) at the bottom of the bottom formwork frame (3) on the slide rail (25), slide the bottom formwork frame (3) horizontally along the outer side to outside the horizontal projection range of the cap beam, and use a crane to lift the half-width formwork frame as a whole; S6. Use a lifting device to lift the half-block of the hoop triangle bracket (2), and suspend the outer half-block of the hoop triangle bracket (2) on the other side on the cap beam. Finally, loosen the bolts (27) of the hoop (20), and lift the two half-blocks of the hoop triangle bracket (2) and the steel rod (1) off the pier column.

2. The construction method of the cap beam assembly formwork that can be hoisted and dismantled in half according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The hoop triangle bracket (2) is composed of two half-piece hoop triangle brackets, the half-piece hoop triangle bracket comprises a hoop (20), an oblique rod (21), a vertical rod (22) and an upper chord rod (23), the oblique rod (21) is connected to the vertical rod (22) and the upper chord rod (23) in a triangular shape, the upper and lower ends of the vertical rod (22) are respectively connected to the hoop (20), and the bottom end of the vertical rod (22) is supported on the steel rod (1); the hoop (20) of the two half-piece hoop triangle brackets is connected in a ring shape by bolts (27) and is used for hooping on the pier column.

3. The construction method of the half-width integrally-lifted cap beam assembly formwork according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A traction device (24) is installed on the upper chord rod (23) of the hoop triangle bracket (2), and a slide rail (25) is arranged on the upper chord rod (23).

4. The construction method of the half-width integrally-lifted cap beam assembly formwork according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A pull rod (26) is provided between the bolt fastening point of the hoop (20) at the upper end of the vertical rod (22) and the upper chord rod (23).

5. The construction method of the half-width integrally-lifted cap beam assembly formwork according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A discharging device (35) for adjusting the height of the bottom mold frame (3) is provided above the connection node between the upper chord rod (23) and the hoop (20).

6. The construction method of the cap beam assembly formwork that can be hoisted and dismantled in half according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The bottom formwork frame (3) comprises a main distribution beam (30), a secondary distribution beam (31), and a bottom formwork (32); a sliding shoe (33) is provided at the bottom of the main distribution beam (30), and the sliding shoe (33) is slidably mounted on a slide rail (25) of an upper chord rod (23); the secondary distribution beam (31) is fixed on the main distribution beam (30), and the bottom formwork (32) is mounted on the secondary distribution beam (31); and a bottom pull rod (34) is provided between two half-width assembled bottom formwork frames (3).

7. The construction method of the half-width integrally-lifted cap beam assembly formwork according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The side formwork frame (4) comprises a side formwork (40) and a transverse moving device (42). The transverse moving device (42) is fixedly mounted on the bottom formwork frame (3). The transverse moving device (42) is connected to the back rib (41) of the side formwork (40). The side formwork (40) is driven by the transverse moving device (42) to move transversely to a specified position to complete the splicing of the side formwork (40) and the bottom formwork (42). An upper pull rod (43) is arranged between the side formworks (40) on both sides.

8. The construction method of the cap beam assembly formwork that can be hoisted and dismantled in half according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The secondary distribution beam (31) of the bottom mold frame (3) and the back rib (41) of the side mold plate (40) are provided with a pin box device (44), and the side mold plate (40) and the bottom mold plate (32) are connected and fixed by the pin box device.

9. The construction method of the cap beam assembly formwork that can be hoisted and removed in half as a whole according to any one of claims 1, 7 or 8, characterized in that: A safety guardrail (5) is provided on the outer periphery of the bottom mold frame (3).

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