Jarring device for oil drilling

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of oil drilling, and discloses an oil drilling jar which comprises an impact pipe, a mounting cavity is formed in the impact pipe, an upper connecting ring is fixedly connected to the top of the mounting cavity, a T-shaped rod is slidably connected to the middle of the upper connecting ring, and an upper oil channel is formed in the T-shaped rod; and oil discharge valves are fixedly mounted at the top and the bottom of the upper oil duct. The main shaft moves downwards, so that the vibration block is completely located in the vibration cavity, the upper oil discharging valve and the upper oil inlet valve are opened, hydraulic oil enters the upper oil channel and enters the upper portion of the sliding cavity through the oil discharging valve, and therefore the sliding shaft moves downwards, synchronous collision type vibration is changed into alternate collision type vibration, and the vibration effect is improved. When the vibration mode needs to be changed, the oil inlet valve on the lower portion is opened, the reset spring can push the sliding shaft to reset upwards, and therefore the problem that an existing jar cannot rapidly switch the vibration mode according to geological changes is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of oil drilling, in particular to a jar for oil drilling. Background Art

[0002] Oil extraction refers to the act of digging and extracting oil from a place where oil is stored. In the process of oil extraction, oil and gas flow from the reservoir to the bottom of the well and then rise from the bottom of the well to the wellhead. Before oil extraction, it is necessary to drill the surface through equipment to find the exact location of the oil to facilitate subsequent extraction. In drilling operations, due to complex geological structures and improper technical measures, drill bits often get stuck. The jar is one of the effective tools to resolve drill sticking accidents and is also an energy-saving hydraulic device.

[0003] When the jar is required to strike, the existing oil supply device supplies oil to the inside of the jar, thereby driving the vibration block to vibrate. However, the vibration mode of the existing vibration block is relatively simple. For example, the synchronous collision type can provide a large single impact energy, but the strong impact force may cause damage to the drill or the well wall, and it is necessary to be extra careful when using it in fragile formations; or the alternating collision type, although it reduces the potential damage to the drill and the well wall, the single impact force is weak, and it may not be effective for particularly stubborn drill stuck situations. When the geology changes, the jar cannot be quickly replaced and switched to the most appropriate vibration method to solve the drill stuck problem. Moreover, the existing impact blocks are often symmetrically slidably set inside the jar, which makes it impossible to evenly transmit the shock force to the surroundings, resulting in poor shock effect. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a jar for oil drilling to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a jar for oil drilling, comprising an impact tube, an installation cavity is provided inside the impact tube, an upper connecting ring is fixedly connected to the top of the installation cavity, a T-shaped rod is slidably connected to the middle of the upper connecting ring, an upper oil channel is provided inside the T-shaped rod, an oil drain valve is fixedly installed on the top and bottom of the upper oil channel, an upper spring is fixedly connected between the oil drain valve and the T-shaped rod, a lower connecting ring is fixedly connected to the bottom of the installation cavity, a transmission mechanism is slidably connected to the middle of the lower connecting ring, a lower spring is fixedly connected between the lower connecting ring and the impact tube, a movable sleeve is fixedly connected to the upper part of the transmission mechanism, a guide groove is provided on the surface of the movable sleeve, and a jar mechanism is rotatably installed in the middle of the installation cavity.

[0006] Preferably, the transmission mechanism includes a main shaft. An oil passage and a sliding cavity are formed inside the main shaft. Oil inlet valves are fixedly installed on the top of the sliding cavity and the side wall of the oil passage. A limiting ring is fixedly connected to the side wall of the sliding cavity. A sliding shaft is arranged below the limiting ring. Two sliding blocks are fixedly connected to the left side of the sliding shaft. A fixed block fixedly connected to the main shaft is arranged on the right side of the sliding block. A return spring is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sliding shaft.

[0007] Preferably, the shock mechanism includes a rotating body. A plurality of shock cavities are formed inside the rotating body. A shock block is slidably connected inside the shock cavity. Moving plates are fixedly connected to the upper surface and the lower surface of the shock block. Small springs are fixedly connected between the moving plates and the rotating body. A shaft sleeve is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the rotating body. Two telescopic switches are fixedly installed in the middle of the shaft sleeve.

[0008] Preferably, the main shaft is slidably connected to the upper part of the installation cavity. The sliding shaft is slidably connected to the sliding cavity. The bottom end of the return spring is fixedly connected to the main shaft. The diameter of the oil passage is equal to the diameter of the oil discharge valve.

[0009] Preferably, the rotating body and the shaft sleeve are both rotatably connected to the middle of the installation cavity. The main shaft is located at the center of the rotating body. The telescopic ends of the two telescopic switches are adapted to the guide grooves.

[0010] Preferably, the plurality of shock cavities are divided into two groups, and the two shock cavities in each group are symmetrically arranged.

[0011] Preferably, the diameter of the top of the T-shaped rod is equal to the inner diameter of the upper part of the installation cavity. Two rectangular grooves are formed on the curved surface of the main shaft.

[0012] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0013] 1. In the present invention, when the main shaft moves downward, the shock block is completely located inside the shock cavity, the upper oil discharge valve and the upper oil inlet valve are opened, and the hydraulic oil will enter the upper oil passage and enter the upper part of the sliding cavity through the oil discharge valve, so that the sliding shaft moves downward, thus changing from synchronous collision shock to alternating collision shock. When it is necessary to change the shock mode, the lower oil inlet valve is opened, and the return spring will push the sliding shaft to reset upward, thus solving the problem that the existing shock absorber cannot quickly switch the shock mode according to the change of geology.

[0014] 2. During the process of the T-shaped rod driving the main shaft to move up and down rapidly in the present invention, longitudinal shock will be formed. Moreover, when the telescopic switch is in the state of extending and fitting with the guide groove, when the main shaft moves up and down, the moving sleeve will move accordingly. Each time the moving sleeve moves up and down, it will drive the shock mechanism to rotate a certain angle, so that the shock transmission of the rotating body is more uniform, thus solving the problem that the existing impact blocks are often symmetrically slidably arranged inside the shocker, which makes the shock force unable to be evenly transmitted to the surroundings, resulting in a poor shock effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 2 is a semi-sectional view of the impact tube of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 3 is a semi-sectional view of the T-shaped rod of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 4 is a semi-sectional view of the shock mechanism of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 5 is the present invention Figure 4 magnified schematic view at A in;

[0020] Figure 6 is a semi-sectional view of the shaft sleeve of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 7 is a semi-sectional view of the transmission mechanism of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 8 is the present invention Figure 7 magnified schematic view at B in;

[0023] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the main shaft structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the sliding shaft structure of the present invention.

[0025] In the figure: 1. Impact tube; 2. Installation cavity; 3. Upper connecting ring; 4. T-shaped rod; 5. Upper oil passage; 6. Oil drain valve; 7. Upper spring; 8. Lower connecting ring; 9. Transmission mechanism; 91. Main shaft; 92. Lower oil passage; 93. Sliding cavity; 94. Oil inlet valve; 95. Limiting ring; 96. Sliding shaft; 97. Sliding block; 98. Fixed block; 99. Reset spring; 10. Lower spring; 11. Moving sleeve; 12. Guide groove; 13. Shock mechanism; 131. Rotating body; 132. Vibration cavity; 133. Vibration block; 134. Moving plate; 135. Small spring; 136. Shaft sleeve; 137. Telescopic switch. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0026] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0027] As Figures 1 to 10 shown, the embodiment of the present invention provides a jar for oil drilling, which includes an impact pipe 1. An installation cavity 2 is formed inside the impact pipe 1. An upper connection ring 3 is fixedly connected to the top of the installation cavity 2. A T-shaped rod 4 is slidably connected to the middle of the upper connection ring 3. An upper oil passage 5 is formed inside the T-shaped rod 4. Drain valves 6 are fixedly installed at the top and bottom of the upper oil passage 5. Upper springs 7 are fixedly connected between the drain valves 6 and the T-shaped rod 4. A lower connection ring 8 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the installation cavity 2. A transmission mechanism 9 is slidably connected to the middle of the lower connection ring 8. A lower spring 10 is fixedly connected between the lower connection ring 8 and the impact pipe 1. An upper part of the transmission mechanism 9 is fixedly connected to a moving sleeve 11. A guide groove 12 is formed on the surface of the moving sleeve 11. A jarring mechanism 13 is rotatably installed in the middle of the installation cavity 2. The transmission mechanism 9 includes a main shaft 91. A lower oil passage 92 and a sliding cavity 93 are formed inside the main shaft 91. Oil inlet valves 94 are fixedly installed on the top of the sliding cavity 93 and the side wall of the lower oil passage 92. A limiting ring 95 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the sliding cavity 93. A sliding shaft 96 is arranged below the limiting ring 95. Two sliding blocks 97 are fixedly connected to the left side of the sliding shaft 96. A fixed block 98 fixedly connected to the main shaft 91 is arranged on the right side of the sliding block 97. A return spring 99 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sliding shaft 96. Its function is that when the main shaft 91 moves downward, the vibration block 133 is completely located inside the vibration cavity 132, the upper drain valve 6 and the upper oil inlet valve 94 are opened, hydraulic oil will enter the upper oil passage 5 and enter the upper part of the sliding cavity 93 through the drain valve 6, so that the sliding shaft 96 moves downward, thereby changing from synchronous impact to alternating impact. When it is necessary to change the vibration mode, the lower oil inlet valve 94 is opened, and the return spring 99 will push the sliding shaft 96 to reset upward, so as to solve the problem that the existing jar cannot quickly switch the vibration mode according to the change of geology.

[0028] Among them, the shock mechanism 13 includes a rotating body 131. A plurality of vibration cavities 132 are formed inside the rotating body 131. A vibration block 133 is slidably connected inside the vibration cavity 132. Moving plates 134 are fixedly connected to both the upper surface and the lower surface of the vibration block 133. Small springs 135 are fixedly connected between the moving plates 134 and the rotating body 131. A bushing 136 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the rotating body 131. Two telescopic switches 137 are fixedly installed in the middle of the bushing 136. Its function is that during the process of driving the main shaft 91 to move up and down quickly by the T-shaped rod 4, a longitudinal shock will be formed. Moreover, when the telescopic switch 137 is in the state of extending and matching the guide groove 12, when the main shaft 91 moves up and down, the moving sleeve 11 will move accordingly. Each time the moving sleeve 11 moves up and down, it will drive the shock mechanism 13 to rotate a certain angle, so that the shock transmitted by the rotating body 131 is more uniform, thus solving the problem that the existing impact blocks are often symmetrically slidably arranged inside the shocker, which makes the shock force unable to be evenly transmitted to the surroundings, resulting in a poor shock effect.

[0029] Among them, the main shaft 91 is slidably connected to the upper part of the installation cavity 2, the sliding shaft 96 is slidably connected to the sliding cavity 93, the bottom end of the return spring 99 is fixedly connected to the main shaft 91, the diameter of the lower oil passage 92 is equal to the diameter of the oil discharge valve 6, the rotating body 131 and the bushing 136 are both rotatably connected to the middle part of the installation cavity 2, the main shaft 91 is located at the central position of the rotating body 131, and the telescopic ends of the two telescopic switches 137 are adapted to the guide groove 12. The multiple vibration cavities 132 are divided into two groups, and the two vibration cavities 132 in each group are symmetrically arranged. The top diameter of the T-shaped rod 4 is equal to the inner diameter of the upper part of the installation cavity 2. Two rectangular grooves are provided on the curved surface of the main shaft 91. Its function is that when the hydraulic oil enters the upper end of the installation cavity 2, it will push the T-shaped rod 4 downward and compress the upper spring 7. When the bottom end of the T-shaped rod 4 contacts the upper part of the main shaft 91, it will push the main shaft 91 downward and compress the lower spring 10. The two sliding blocks 97 and the fixed block 98 will move along with the main shaft 91. When the sliding blocks 97 and the fixed block 98 contact the vibration block 133, they will push the vibration block 133 to move to both sides and compress the small spring 135, so that the vibration block 133 is located inside the vibration cavity 132. When the vibration block 133 is completely located inside the vibration cavity 132, the hydraulic oil stops entering the inside of the installation cavity 2. At this time, the upper and lower oil discharge valves 6 are both opened, and the upper spring 7 will push the T-shaped rod 4 to reset upward, so that the hydraulic oil on the upper part of the T-shaped rod 4 passes through the upper oil discharge valve 6 and enters the inside of the upper oil passage 5 and above the main shaft 91. The lower spring 10 pushes the main shaft 91 to move upward and reset quickly, so that the hydraulic oil enters the inside of the lower oil passage 92 through the lower oil discharge valve 6 again. Finally, the hydraulic oil is recovered through the oil return device at the bottom of the installation cavity 2. During the process of the main shaft 91 quickly moving upward and resetting, when the sliding blocks 97 and the fixed block 98 no longer squeeze the vibration block 133, the multiple small springs 135 will push the vibration block 133 to reset. When the two vibration blocks 133 in each group move towards the center and collide at the same time, a concentrated and strong impact force will be generated, forming a horizontal synchronous collision shock. During the process of the T-shaped rod 4 driving the main shaft 91 to move up and down quickly, a vertical shock will be formed.

[0030] Working principle:

[0031] Before the present invention is used, the top of the installation cavity 2 is communicated with the oil supply device, the bottom of the installation cavity 2 is communicated with the oil return device, and the two oil discharge valves 6 and the two oil inlet valves 94 are both in a closed state;

[0032] When the present invention is in use, when hydraulic oil enters the upper end of the installation cavity 2, it will push the T-shaped rod 4 downward and compress the upper spring 7. When the bottom end of the T-shaped rod 4 contacts the upper part of the main shaft 91, it will push the main shaft 91 downward and compress the lower spring 10. The two groups of sliding blocks 97 and the fixed blocks 98 will move along with the main shaft 91. When the sliding blocks 97, the fixed blocks 98 contact the vibration block 133, it will push the vibration block 133 to move to both sides and compress the small spring 135, so that the vibration block 133 is located inside the vibration cavity 132. When the vibration block 133 is completely located inside the vibration cavity 132, the hydraulic oil stops entering the inside of the installation cavity 2. At this time, the oil discharge valves 6 above and below are both opened. The upper spring 7 will push the T-shaped rod 4 to reset upward, so that the hydraulic oil above the T-shaped rod 4 passes through the upper oil discharge valve 6 and enters the inside of the upper oil passage 5 and above the main shaft 91. The lower spring 10 pushes the main shaft 91 to move upward and quickly reset, so that the hydraulic oil enters the inside of the lower oil passage 92 through the lower oil discharge valve 6 again. Finally, the hydraulic oil is recovered through the oil return device at the bottom of the installation cavity 2. During the process of the main shaft 91 quickly moving upward and resetting, when the sliding blocks 97 and the fixed blocks 98 no longer squeeze the vibration block 133, the multiple small springs 135 will push the vibration block 133 to reset. When the two vibration blocks 133 in each group move towards the center and collide at the same time, a concentrated and strong impact force will be generated, forming a horizontal synchronous collision shock. During the process of the T-shaped rod 4 driving the main shaft 91 to move up and down quickly, a vertical shock will be formed. Moreover, when the telescopic switch 137 is in the state of extending and matching the guide groove 12, when the main shaft 91 moves up and down, the moving sleeve 11 will move along. Each time the moving sleeve 11 moves up and down, it will drive the shock mechanism 13 to rotate a certain angle, so that the shock transmitted by the rotating body 131 is more uniform;

[0033] When it is necessary to switch to an alternating collision shock, when the main shaft 91 moves downward so that the vibration block 133 is completely located inside the vibration cavity 132, the upper oil discharge valve 6 and the upper oil inlet valve 94 are opened. The hydraulic oil will enter the upper oil passage 5 and enter the upper part of the sliding cavity 93 through the oil discharge valve 6, so that the sliding shaft 96 moves downward and compresses the return spring 99. The downward movement of the sliding shaft 96 will drive the sliding block 97 to move downward. When the sliding block 97 moves downward to a suitable position, the vibration block 133 on this side will generate a shock. At this time, the upper oil inlet valve 94 is closed and the lower oil discharge valve 6 is opened, so that the main shaft 91 resets upward. During the process, the vibration block 133 on the other side will generate a shock. Subsequently, whether the main shaft 91 moves upward or downward, the vibration block 133 will generate a shock, so as to change from a synchronous collision shock to an alternating collision shock. When it is necessary to change the vibration mode, the lower oil inlet valve 94 is opened, and the return spring 99 will push the sliding shaft 96 to reset upward until it contacts the limit ring 95 again.

[0034] It should be noted that in this document, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprising", "including" or any other variant thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article or device comprising a series of elements not only includes those elements but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or further includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0035] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A jar for oil drilling, comprising a shock tube (1), a mounting cavity (2) is provided inside the shock tube (1), an upper connecting ring (3) is fixedly connected to the top of the mounting cavity (2), a T-shaped rod (4) is slidably connected to the middle of the upper connecting ring (3), an upper oil passage (5) is provided inside the T-shaped rod (4), and oil drain valves (6) are fixedly installed at the top and bottom of the upper oil passage (5), characterized in that: An upper spring (7) is fixedly connected between the oil discharge valve (6) and the T-shaped rod (4); a lower connecting ring (8) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the installation cavity (2); a transmission mechanism (9) is slidably connected to the middle of the lower connecting ring (8); a lower spring (10) is fixedly connected between the lower connecting ring (8) and the impact tube (1); a moving sleeve (11) is fixedly connected to the upper part of the transmission mechanism (9); a guide groove (12) is provided on the surface of the moving sleeve (11); and a shock mechanism (13) is rotatably installed in the middle of the installation cavity (2).

2. A jar for oil drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission mechanism (9) comprises a main shaft (91), a lower oil passage (92) and a sliding chamber (93) are provided inside the main shaft (91), an oil inlet valve (94) is fixedly installed on the top of the sliding chamber (93) and the side wall of the lower oil passage (92), a limit ring (95) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the sliding chamber (93), a sliding shaft (96) is arranged below the limit ring (95), two sliding blocks (97) are fixedly connected to the left side of the sliding shaft (96), a fixed block (98) fixedly connected to the main shaft (91) is arranged on the right side of the sliding block (97), and a return spring (99) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sliding shaft (96).

3. A jar for oil drilling according to claim 2, characterized in that: The shock mechanism (13) comprises a rotating body (131), a plurality of vibration chambers (132) are provided inside the rotating body (131), a vibration block (133) is slidably connected inside the vibration chamber (132), a moving plate (134) is fixedly connected to the upper and lower surfaces of the vibration block (133), a small spring (135) is fixedly connected between the moving plate (134) and the rotating body (131), a shaft sleeve (136) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the rotating body (131), and two telescopic switches (137) are fixedly installed in the middle of the shaft sleeve (136).

4. A jar for oil drilling according to claim 3, characterized in that: The main shaft (91) is slidably connected to the upper part of the installation cavity (2), the sliding shaft (96) is slidably connected to the sliding cavity (93), the bottom end of the return spring (99) is fixedly connected to the main shaft (91), and the diameter of the lower oil channel (92) is equal to the diameter of the oil drain valve (6).

5. A jar for oil drilling according to claim 4, characterized in that: The rotating body (131) and the shaft sleeve (136) are both rotatably connected to the middle of the installation cavity (2), the main shaft (91) is located at the center of the rotating body (131), and the telescopic ends of the two telescopic switches (137) are adapted to the guide groove (12).

6. A jar for oil drilling according to claim 5, characterized in that: The plurality of vibration chambers (132) are divided into two groups, and the two vibration chambers (132) in each group are symmetrically arranged.

7. A jar for oil drilling according to claim 6, characterized in that: The top diameter of the T-shaped rod (4) is equal to the inner diameter of the upper portion of the mounting cavity (2), and the curved surface of the main shaft (91) is provided with two rectangular grooves.

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