Vertical shaft wall reverse construction method grouting formwork and construction method thereof
By designing a reverse grouting formwork for vertical shaft walls, the concrete flatness and construction efficiency problems caused by artificial damage in the prior art are solved, and an efficient and high-quality concrete pouring process is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510367381.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-03-26
- Publication Date
- 2025-06-20
AI Technical Summary
In the prior art, the construction method of casting a circular deep shaft in sections in reverse process requires manual digging and damage on the wall of the formed vertical shaft in the previous ring, resulting in low flatness of the concrete surface, poor molding appearance quality, and low construction efficiency.
A reverse-process grouting formwork for vertical shaft walls is designed, including steel formwork, sealing plate and hopper. By setting up grouting ports on the steel formwork, the grouting port status is quickly switched using the lifting mechanism of the sealing plate to achieve efficient casting and vibration of concrete.
The damage to the well wall of the formed vertical shaft of the previous ring is avoided, the surface flatness of the concrete and the appearance quality of the molded appearance are improved, construction efficiency is significantly accelerated, and construction costs are reduced.
Smart Images
Figure CN120175352A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the field of shaft construction, and particularly to an inverse construction grouting formwork for a shaft wall. Background Art
[0002] In civil engineering construction, concrete is commonly poured by using formwork support methods. The formwork for formwork support mainly includes combined steel formwork, plywood, and fixed steel formwork.
[0003] During the excavation of a circular deep shaft, the structural stress and deformation gradually increase with the increase of the excavation depth. Due to the working conditions, it is necessary to use the inverse construction method to segmentally construct the inner wall pouring of the shaft. The inverse construction method is generally a special construction method adopted in special situations such as deep foundations, complex geology, and high groundwater levels. It mainly involves first pouring the upper building, and then gradually excavating the soil and pouring each layer of underground structure downward until the bottom plate is sealed.
[0004] In the existing construction of segmentally pouring a circular deep shaft by the inverse construction method, it is necessary to complete the overall construction of the upper ring of the shaft wall and reach the design requirements of the shaft wall protection strength. Then, the soil is excavated inside the shaft, and the excavation depth is the depth of the lower ring of the shaft wall. Then, part of the concrete is chiseled and damaged manually along the inner edge at the bottom of the completed shaft wall to create multiple damaged notches, so that the concrete grouting pipe can enter the annular space behind the formwork along the damaged position to convey and pour the concrete of the lower ring of the shaft wall. After pouring, the concrete is vibrated. Finally, after the concrete of the lower ring of the shaft wall solidifies, the damaged position is repaired to form a continuous shaft wall. This process of first damaging and then repairing results in a low flatness of the concrete surface of the shaft wall, poor formed appearance quality, and the above construction process requires waiting for the repaired concrete to solidify, greatly reducing the construction efficiency and increasing the construction cost.
[0005] Therefore, an inverse construction grouting formwork and construction method for a shaft wall are proposed to solve the above technical problems. Summary of the Invention
[0006] The present invention provides an inverse construction grouting formwork for a shaft wall and its construction method to solve the problems of low flatness of the shaft wall surface, poor formed appearance quality, and low construction efficiency caused by the need to first damage the upper ring of the completed shaft wall and use the damaged part for pouring the lower ring of the shaft wall in the prior art.
[0007] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solutions adopted by the present invention are as follows: An inverse construction grouting formwork for a shaft wall is arranged at the bottom edge of the shaft and is close to the bottom wall, and includes a plurality of unit structures, and the plurality of unit structures are enclosed as a whole; each unit structure includes: The steel formwork is vertically arranged and has a grouting port at the top; The plugging plate is arranged on the steel formwork to slide up and down. When the plugging plate slides to the top, it plugs the grouting port; The hopper is connected to the top of the plugging plate at the bottom, has a feed port at the top, and has a discharge port on the side facing the grouting port; when the plugging plate slides to the bottom, the bottom of the discharge port is flush with the bottom of the grouting port; The fixing component is used to fix the position of the plugging plate when it plugs the grouting port.
[0008] Specifically, two vertical first sliding tracks are provided on the inner end surface of the steel formwork; the two first sliding tracks are located on both sides of the grouting port; two upper and lower first sliding plates are provided on each of the left and right sides of the plugging plate, and the two first sliding plates are respectively inserted into the first sliding tracks on both sides and slide on the first sliding tracks through the first sliding plates.
[0009] Furthermore, two vertical second sliding tracks are also provided on the inner end surface of the first sliding track, with the top of the second sliding track open and the bottom closed; the bottom of the hopper is hinged to the top of the plugging plate, and two upper and lower second sliding plates are provided on each side of the hopper. The two second sliding plates are respectively inserted into the second sliding tracks on both sides, and the hopper slides on the second sliding tracks through the second sliding plates.
[0010] Specifically, in the multiple unit structures enclosed as a whole, the steel formworks of adjacent unit structures are hinged to each other, and a water stop rubber strip is fixed in the hinge joint.
[0011] Specifically, a vertical sealing rubber strip is provided on each of the left and right sides of the outer end surface of the plugging plate, and a horizontal sealing rubber strip is provided at the bottom; the left and right sealing rubber strips are respectively located on both sides of the grouting port and are in close contact with the steel formwork; when the plugging plate moves to the top, the sealing rubber strip at the bottom of the plugging plate is still below the bottom of the grouting port and is in close contact with the left and right sealing rubber strips.
[0012] Specifically, the fixing component includes two horizontal mounting rings provided on the upper part of the inner end surface of the steel formwork. A sliding insertion rod is horizontally slidably arranged in the mounting ring; it also includes an insertion ring provided on the inner end surface of the plugging plate for the sliding insertion rod to be inserted into the insertion ring when the plugging plate plugs the grouting port; a lock is also provided in the middle of the insertion rod, a lock hole is opened on the lock, and a lock ring cooperating with the lock and the lock hole is provided on the upper part of the inner end surface of the steel formwork.
[0013] Specifically, a lifting handle is also provided on the hopper.
[0014] The present invention also provides a construction method for the reverse construction grouting formwork of the shaft wall, including the following construction steps: Step S1, excavate the shaft soil, support the formwork for pouring the concrete of the upper shaft wall, install the steel formwork, the plugging plate and the hopper, and perform the pre-connection of multiple unit structures; Step S2, after the concrete strength of the upper ring of the shaft wall reaches the standard, continue to carry out earth excavation inside the shaft, and the excavation depth is the pouring depth of the lower ring of the shaft wall; Step S3, move the connected unit structure close to the poured shaft wall, lower the formwork as a whole, drive the bottom of the steel formwork into the lower layer of soil, and slide the sealing plate to the bottom to expose the grouting port; Step S4, insert the grouting pipe through the discharge port of the hopper into the grouting port, pour concrete into the space outside the outer end of the steel formwork, and stop grouting and vibrate after pouring to the height of the grouting port; Step S5, grout into the hopper and the space outside the upper end of the grouting port through the grouting pipe until the space outside the formwork is completely filled with concrete; Step S6, vibrate the newly poured concrete; Step S7, lift the sealing plate upward to the top. At this time, the sealing plate completely seals the grouting port, and fix the position of the sealing plate through the fixing component; Step S8, recycle the excess concrete in the hopper; Step S9, repeat Step S2 to Step S8 until the entire shaft wall is completely poured.
[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects: 1. By opening a grouting port on the steel formwork, the present invention avoids the need for manual chiseling and damage to the upper ring of the formed shaft wall in the prior art, ensures the integrity of the upper ring of the formed shaft wall, and avoids the influence of concrete structure damage on the overall strength.
[0016] 2. By raising and lowering the sealing plate, the present invention quickly switches the state of the grouting port, optimizes the construction process, and achieves the purpose of accelerating the construction efficiency.
[0017] 3. As a temporary bearing position for the concrete slurry exceeding the top of the grouting port, the hopper realizes the pouring of the concrete exceeding the top of the grouting port and can also avoid the problem of raw material waste. Description of the Drawings
[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the construction method of the prior art.
[0019] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the steel formwork structure.
[0020] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure when the sealing plate is at the bottom.
[0021] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure when the sealing plate is at the top.
[0022] Figure 5 It is a diagram of the mating state of the sliding track and the sliding plate.
[0023] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the mating state of the mounting ring and the sliding insertion rod.
[0024] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the template of the present invention.
[0025] The interpretations of the reference numerals in the figure are as follows: Vertical shaft - 1; Steel formwork - 2; Grouting port - 201; First sliding track - 202; Second sliding track - 203; Mounting ring - 204; Sliding insertion rod - 205; Insertion ring - 206; Lock - 207; Lock hole - 208; Lock ring - 209; Lifting handle - 210; Sealing plate - 3; First sliding plate - 301; Hopper - 4; Feed inlet - 401; Discharge outlet - 402; Second sliding plate - 403. Specific embodiments
[0026] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, so as to have a further understanding of the concept of the present invention, the technical problems to be solved, the technical features constituting the technical solution, and the technical effects brought.
[0027] As Figures 1 to 7 shown, an inverse construction grouting formwork for the shaft wall is provided at the bottom edge of the vertical shaft 1 and is close to the bottom shaft wall, and includes a plurality of unit structures, and the plurality of unit structures are enclosed as a whole; the unit structure includes: Steel formwork 2, vertically arranged, with a grouting port 201 at the top; Sealing plate 3, slidably arranged on the steel formwork 2, and when the sealing plate 3 slides to the top, it seals the grouting port 201; Hopper 4, connected to the top of the sealing plate 3 at the bottom, with a feed inlet 401 at the top and a discharge outlet 402 on the side facing the grouting port 201; when the sealing plate 3 slides to the bottom, the bottom of the discharge outlet 402 is flush with the bottom of the grouting port 201; Fixing component, used to fix the position of the sealing plate 3 when it seals the grouting port 201.
[0028] For ease of description, in the present invention, the end of the steel close to the center of the shaft 1 is defined as the inner end, and the end far from the shaft is defined as the outer end; the present invention is formed by connecting multiple unit structures side by side and enclosing an integral body with the same cross-sectional shape as the shaft. On the one hand, it can adapt to various shaft shapes, and on the other hand, it is convenient for separate classification, stacking and placement after the overall removal of the formwork, facilitating formwork transportation, effectively increasing the versatility of the device of the present invention, improving the rapid transportation of the formwork between different projects and between different shafts in the same project, enhancing the formwork turnover efficiency, and achieving the purpose of reducing construction costs and improving construction efficiency. The unit structure mainly includes a steel formwork 2, a plugging plate 3, a hopper 4 and a fixing component. Among them, the steel formwork 2 is a vertically arranged plate body, arranged at the bottom of the shaft 1 and close to the bottom shaft wall, thus serving as the main support structure for shaft wall grouting. A grouting port 201 is provided at the top, which is used to replace the break / socket manually drilled in the prior art, so as to avoid damaging the already formed shaft wall of the previous ring and causing a change in the overall strength. The grouting port 201 can be circular, square or other shapes, as long as it can realize the functions of grouting and subsequent vibration. The plugging plate 3 is the main plugging component of the grouting port 201, and its size needs to be larger than that of the grouting port 201 to ensure full coverage of the grouting port 201 and avoid leakage of concrete due to cracks; the plugging plate 3 is slidably arranged on the steel formwork 2 to realize the switching of the plugging state of the grouting port 201, that is, when the plugging plate 3 is at the top of the sliding track, the bottom edge of the plugging plate 3 is lower than the bottom of the grouting port 201, and the top is flush with the top of the grouting port 201. The left and right sides of the plugging plate 3 are also respectively on both sides of the left and right edges of the grouting port 201, so as to ensure the plugging effect. At this time, the plugging plate 3 is fixed in position under the action of the fixing component to prevent the plugging plate 3 from sliding down; when the plugging plate 3 is at the bottom of the sliding track, the bottom edge of the plugging plate 3 is lower than the bottom of the grouting port 201 or flush with the bottom edge of the grouting port 201, so as to ensure that the grouting port 201 is completely exposed, facilitating grouting and vibration operations. A hopper 4 is also provided at the top of the plugging plate 3, and the bottom of the hopper 4 is fixedly connected to the top of the plugging plate 3, thus playing a role of enclosing a closed space around the grouting port 201; when pumping concrete into the annular space outside the steel formwork 2, it is mainly divided into two pumping processes. The first process is the process of pouring concrete from the shaft ground to the height of the bottom of the grouting port 201. During this process, due to the blockage of the steel formwork 2, it encloses a closed space with the space after earth excavation in the shaft, and direct concrete grouting can be carried out. After grouting, it is necessary to vibrate the concrete to avoid segregation; the second process is the process of grouting concrete from the height of the bottom of the grouting port 201 to the height of the top of the grouting port 201, that is, the process of filling the entire pouring space of the shaft wall. At this time, due to the existence of the grouting port 201, the concrete slurry will overflow from the grouting port 201. Therefore, a hopper 4 needs to be set up to carry the excess concrete slurry, so that the concrete can completely fill the entire space and ensure the integrity of the shaft wall.After pouring is completed, secondary vibration is required. Subsequently, by lifting the plugging plate 3 and the hopper upward, the concrete in the grouting port 201 is blocked by the plugging plate 3 instead of the hopper 4. At this time, since the plugging plate 3 is lifted gradually, the integrity of the concrete of the shaft wall can be ensured, and no cavity will appear, thus effectively ensuring the quality of the shaft wall. During the rising process of the plugging plate 3, it can also play a role in leveling, thereby further ensuring the appearance quality of the concrete of the shaft wall. Then, the excess concrete slurry in the hopper 4 is recycled, and the pouring process of one ring of the shaft wall can be completed. Subsequently, normal curing can be carried out.
[0029] As a preferred embodiment, two vertical first sliding tracks 202 are provided on the inner end surface of the steel formwork 2; the two first sliding tracks 202 are located on both sides of the grouting port 201; two upper and lower first sliding plates 301 are provided on each of the left and right sides of the plugging plate 3, and the two first sliding plates 301 are respectively inserted into the first sliding tracks 202 on both sides and slide on the first sliding tracks 202 through the first sliding plates 301.
[0030] This embodiment provides a specific sliding structure of the plugging plate 3. Specifically, as Figure 5 shown, two upper and lower first sliding plates 301 are provided on the left side of the plugging plate 3, and two upper and lower first sliding plates 301 are also provided on the right side. The first sliding plates 301 on both sides are respectively embedded in the openings of the two first sliding tracks 202, so as to limit the up and down sliding trajectories of the first sliding plates 301. The plugging plate 3 shakes, which also enables the plugging plate 3 to slide on the first sliding tracks 202. It should be noted here that when the plugging plate 3 slides up and down on the first sliding tracks 202, the plugging function of the grouting port 201 needs to be completed synchronously to avoid slurry leakage. Therefore, it is necessary to ensure that the thickness of the first sliding plate 301 and the thickness of the first sliding track 202 can match each other, just enabling sliding but not horizontal displacement, so as to meet the aforementioned functional requirements.
[0031] In order to reduce the friction between the first sliding plate 301 and the first sliding track 202 to facilitate the sliding of the plugging plate 3 on the site, rigid sliding wheels can be provided at the ends of the first sliding plates 301 to achieve the purpose of reducing friction by using the rolling of the rigid sliding wheels.
[0032] As a further embodiment, two vertical second sliding tracks 203 are also provided on the inner end surface of the first sliding track 202. The top of the second sliding track 203 is open and the bottom is closed; the bottom of the hopper 4 is hinged to the top of the plugging plate 3. Two upper and lower second sliding plates 403 are provided on each side of the hopper 4, and the two second sliding plates 403 are respectively inserted into the second sliding tracks 203 on both sides. The hopper 4 slides on the second sliding tracks 203 through the second sliding plates 403.
[0033] This embodiment provides a connection relationship among a hopper 4, a plugging plate 3, and a steel formwork 2. Specifically, as Figure 5 shown, the bottom of the hopper 4 is connected to the top of the plugging plate 3 in a hinged manner. The hopper 4 has a structure similar to that of the plugging plate 3 and is slidably disposed within the second sliding track 203. The purpose of such a setting is that when the plugging plate 3 moves to the topmost position to complete the plugging of the grouting port 201, the second sliding plates 403 on both sides of the hopper 4 have disengaged from the second sliding tracks 203 on both sides from the top. At this time, due to the obstruction of the completed shaft wall, the hopper 4 will flip towards the other side, causing the entire hopper to tilt towards the center of the shaft 1, enabling the excess concrete slurry stored therein to flow out smoothly. At this time, the recycling function of the excess concrete materials can be simply achieved.
[0034] As a preferred embodiment, among the multiple unit structures that are enclosed as a whole, the steel formworks 2 of adjacent unit structures are hinged to each other, and a water-stop rubber strip is fixed within the hinge joint.
[0035] In this embodiment, since the reverse construction grouting formwork in the present invention is integrally composed of multiple unit structures connected to each other, there must be connection joints / hinge joints. To prevent the concrete slurry from leaking out from the connection joints / hinge joints, a water-stop rubber strip needs to be provided within the hinge joint. When concrete is poured, the water-stop rubber strip swells upon contact with water, thereby filling the connection joints / hinge joints and achieving the sealing of the connection joints / hinge joints to prevent liquid leakage.
[0036] As a preferred embodiment, on each of the left and right sides of the outer end face of the plugging plate 3, a vertical sealing rubber strip is provided, and a horizontal sealing rubber strip is provided at the bottom; the left and right sealing rubber strips are respectively located on both sides of the grouting port 201 and are in close contact with the steel formwork 2; when the plugging plate 3 moves to the top, the sealing rubber strip at the bottom of the plugging plate 3 is still located below the bottom of the grouting port 201 and is in close contact with the sealing rubber strips on the left and right sides.
[0037] In this embodiment, by respectively providing sealing rubber strips on both sides and the bottom of the plugging plate 3, it is further ensured that there will be no slurry leakage. Specifically, since the plugging plate 3 needs to achieve the plugging of the grouting port 201 and also move up and down to switch the plugging state of the grouting port 201, there may be minute gaps. By respectively disposing the left and right sealing rubber strips on the inner end faces of the steel formworks 2 on the outer sides of both sides of the grouting port 201, a U-shaped closed structure is formed to achieve the plugging of the gap between the plugging plate 3 and the steel formwork 2.
[0038] As a preferred embodiment, the fixing assembly includes two horizontal mounting rings 204 arranged at the upper part of the inner end face of the steel formwork 2, and a sliding insertion rod 205 is horizontally slidably arranged in the mounting ring 204; it also includes an insertion ring 206 arranged on the inner end face of the plugging plate 3 for the sliding insertion rod 205 to insert into the insertion ring 206 when the plugging plate 3 plugs the grouting port 201; a locking buckle 207 is also arranged in the middle of the insertion rod, a locking hole 208 is opened on the locking buckle 207, and a locking ring 209 matched with the locking buckle 207 and the locking hole 208 is arranged at the upper part of the inner end face of the steel formwork 2.
[0039] This embodiment provides a structure of an alternative fixing assembly. Specifically, as Figures 1 to 6 shown, the fixing assembly includes two horizontal mounting rings 204 on the steel formwork 2, and a sliding insertion rod 205 is slidably arranged in the mounting ring 204, and the sliding insertion rod 205 slides left and right in the mounting ring 204; when the plugging plate 3 is at the highest point to plug the grouting port 201, the sliding insertion rod 205 inserts into the insertion ring 206 on the inner end face of the plugging plate 3 to realize the height locking of the plugging plate 3. Then the locking buckle is sleeved outside the locking ring 209 to achieve the purpose of fixing the horizontal position of the sliding insertion rod 205. It is also possible to directly arrange the locking ring 209 at the upper part of the inner end face of the steel formwork 2, directly arrange the locking buckle 207 on the steel formwork 2 that is matched with the locking ring 209, and achieve the above purpose by inserting the insertion rod into the locking ring 209 or locking the locking ring 209 with a lock head.
[0040] As a preferred embodiment, a lifting handle 210 is also arranged on the hopper 4.
[0041] In this embodiment, by arranging the lifting handle 210, as the lifting force application component for the hopper 4 and the plugging plate 3, it is used to lift the hopper 4 and the plugging plate upward. During actual lifting, manual pushing can be selected, or an external crane can be used for lifting.
[0042] A construction method for the reverse construction grouting formwork of the aforementioned shaft wall includes the following construction steps: Step S1, in step S1, the soil of the shaft 1 is excavated, the formwork is supported for the concrete pouring of the upper shaft wall, the steel formwork 2, the plugging plate 3 and the hopper 4 are installed, and pre-connection of multiple unit structures is carried out; the formwork here can be poured with a conventional formwork. Multiple unit structures can be connected by hinged means, or by fixed welding means, or by bolt means, and it is necessary to ensure that there are no empty joints in the overall structure after connection and no grout leakage occurs. It should be noted that the overall shape formed by enclosing multiple unit structures in the present invention can be square to adapt to a square shaft, or circular to adapt to a circular shaft, or the specific dimensions of the steel formwork 2 can be adjusted to adapt to a special-shaped shaft, thereby effectively increasing the versatility of the device of the present invention.
[0043] Step S2, after the concrete strength of the previous ring reaches the standard, continue the earth excavation inside the shaft 1, and the excavation depth is the pouring depth of the shaft wall of the next ring; attention should be paid to the excavation depth and the fineness of the soil excavation near the already poured shaft wall during the earth excavation in Step S2 to avoid damaging the already poured shaft wall with the excavation tools.
[0044] Step S3, place the connected unit structure close to the already poured shaft wall, lower the formwork as a whole, drive the bottom of the steel formwork 2 into the lower layer of soil, install the plugging plate 3 and the hopper 4, and slide the plugging plate 3 to the bottom to make way for the grouting port 201.
[0045] Step S4, insert the grouting pipe through the discharge port 402 of the hopper 4 into the grouting port 201, pour concrete into the space outside the steel formwork 2, and stop grouting and vibrate after pouring to the height of the grouting port 201; among them, the grouting pipe can use the method of a truck-mounted concrete pump to pump concrete, or use the method of a hanging basket, and manually send concrete into the annular pouring space outside the steel formwork 2 through the hopper 4; in order to ensure the compactness and uniformity of the concrete, it is also possible to stop grouting and vibrate once when grouting to one-third of the height, then grout again to two-thirds of the height and vibrate again, and finally vibrate three times when grouting to the height of the grouting port 201, and ensure that the concrete is evenly distributed and compact in the entire annular pouring space without air bubbles through multiple vibrations.
[0046] Step S5, grout into the space outside the hopper 4 and above the grouting port 201 through the grouting pipe until the space outside the formwork is completely filled with concrete; that is, the concrete is grouted from the bottom height of the grouting port 201 to the top height of the grouting port 201, that is, the process of filling the entire pouring space of the shaft wall. At this time, due to the existence of the grouting port 201, the concrete slurry will overflow from the grouting port 201, and the hopper 4 bears the excess concrete slurry, so that the concrete can completely fill the entire space, ensuring the integrity of the shaft wall.
[0047] Step S6, vibrate the newly poured concrete. Step S7, lift the plugging plate 3 to the highest point. At this time, the plugging plate 3 completely blocks the grouting port 201, and lock the position of the plugging plate 3 through the fixing component; the concrete in the grouting port 201 is blocked by the plugging plate 3 instead of being blocked by the hopper 4. At this time, since the plugging plate 3 is lifted step by step, the integrity of the concrete of the shaft wall can be ensured, and no cavity will appear, thus effectively ensuring the quality of the shaft wall. And during the rising process of the plugging plate 3, it can also play a role in leveling, further ensuring the appearance quality of the concrete of the shaft wall.
[0048] Step S8, recycle the excess concrete in the hopper 4. Step S9: Repeat steps S2 to S8 until the entire shaft wall is completely poured. It should be noted that in step S9, when cycling back to step S3 to bring the connected unit structures close to the already poured shaft wall and lower the entire formwork, what is lowered is the formwork that has already formed a whole. Therefore, the connection between the unit structures of the whole formwork can be loosened first to facilitate reducing the overall volume, thereby facilitating the lowering of the whole formwork.
[0049] In the description of the present invention, the terms "connection" and "fixation" can be fixed connection, machining, welding, or mechanical connection. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention should be understood according to the specific circumstances.
[0050] In the description of the present invention, terms such as "center", "upper", "lower", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate the orientation or positional relationship only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying a specific orientation that the device or element must have. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.
[0051] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims
1. A reverse grouting template for a shaft wall, arranged at the bottom edge of the shaft (1) and close to the bottom shaft wall, characterized in that: The invention comprises a plurality of unit structures, wherein the plurality of unit structures are arranged as a whole; the unit structure comprises: A steel formwork (2) is arranged vertically and has a grouting port (201) on the top; A blocking plate (3) is slidably disposed on the steel template (2) up and down, and blocks the grouting port (201) when the blocking plate (3) slides to the top; The hopper (4) has a bottom connected to the top of the blocking plate (3), a feed inlet (401) provided on the top, and a discharge outlet (402) provided on the side facing the grouting port (201); when the blocking plate (3) slides to the bottom, the bottom of the discharge outlet (402) is flush with the bottom of the grouting port (201); A fixing component is used to fix the position of the blocking plate (3) when blocking the grouting port (201).
2. A reverse grouting template for a shaft wall as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: Two vertical first sliding rails (202) are provided on the inner end surface of the steel template (2); the two first sliding rails (202) are located on both sides of the grouting port (201); and two upper and lower first sliding plates (301) are provided on the left and right sides of the blocking plate (3), respectively, and the two first sliding plates (301) are respectively inserted into the first sliding rails (202) on both sides and slide on the first sliding rails (202) through the first sliding plates (301).
3. A reverse grouting template for a shaft wall as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: Two vertically arranged second sliding tracks (203) are also provided on the inner end surface of the first sliding track (202); the second sliding tracks (203) are open at the top and closed at the bottom; the bottom of the hopper (4) is hinged to the top of the blocking plate (3); two upper and lower second sliding plates (403) are respectively provided on both sides of the hopper (4); the two second sliding plates (403) are respectively inserted into the second sliding tracks (203) on both sides; the hopper (4) slides on the second sliding tracks (203) via the second sliding plates (403).
4. A reverse grouting template for a shaft wall as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In the plurality of unit structures enclosed as a whole, the steel formworks (2) of adjacent unit structures are hinged to each other, and a water-stopping rubber strip is fixed in the hinged joint.
5. A reverse grouting template for a shaft wall as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: A vertical sealing rubber strip is provided on each of the left and right sides of the outer end surface of the sealing plate (3), and a horizontal sealing rubber strip is provided on the bottom; the left and right sealing rubber strips are respectively located on both sides of the grouting port (201) and are tightly attached to the steel template (2); when the sealing plate (3) moves to the top, the sealing rubber strip at the bottom of the sealing plate (3) is still located below the bottom of the grouting port (201) and is tightly attached to the sealing rubber strips on the left and right sides.
6. A reverse grouting template for a shaft wall as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing assembly comprises two horizontal mounting rings (204) arranged on the upper part of the inner end surface of the steel template (2), wherein a sliding plug rod (205) is horizontally slidably arranged inside the mounting rings (204); and further comprises an insert ring (206) arranged on the inner end surface of the blocking plate (3), for the sliding plug rod (205) to be inserted into the insert ring (206) when the blocking plate (3) blocks the grouting port (201); a locking buckle (207) is also arranged in the middle of the plug rod, and a locking hole (208) is formed on the locking buckle (207); and a locking ring (209) is arranged on the upper part of the inner end surface of the steel template (2) to cooperate with the locking buckle (207) and the locking hole (208).
7. A reverse grouting template for a shaft wall as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The hopper (4) is also provided with a lifting handle (210).
8. A construction method of a reverse grouting template for a shaft wall as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The construction steps include: Step S1, excavating the shaft (1), supporting the formwork to cast concrete on the upper shaft wall; installing the steel formwork (2), the blocking plate (3) and the hopper (4), and pre-connecting multiple unit structures; Step S2, after the concrete strength of the shaft wall of the previous ring reaches the standard, continue to excavate the interior of the shaft (1), and the excavation depth is the pouring depth of the shaft wall of the next ring; Step S3, placing the connected unit structure close to the wall of the cast vertical shaft (1), moving the template as a whole downward, driving the bottom of the steel template (2) into the lower soil, and sliding the blocking plate (3) to the bottom to make way for the grouting port (201); Step S4, inserting the grouting pipe through the discharge port (402) of the hopper (4) into the grouting port (201), pouring concrete into the outer end space of the steel formwork (2), and stopping the grouting and vibrating after pouring to the height of the grouting port (201); Step S5, injecting grout into the outer end space above the hopper (4) and the injection port (201) through the injection pipe until the outer end space of the template is completely filled with concrete; Step S6, vibrating the newly poured concrete; Step S7, lifting the blocking plate (3) upward to the top, at which time the blocking plate (3) completely blocks the grouting port (201), and fixing the position of the blocking plate (3) by a fixing assembly; Step S8, recycling the excess concrete in the hopper (4); Step S9, repeating steps S2 to S8 until the entire shaft wall is cast.