Photovoltaic power generation tracking device and photovoltaic power generation system

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of photovoltaic power generation, and provides a photovoltaic power generation tracking device and a photovoltaic power generation system.The photovoltaic power generation tracking device comprises a first temperature sensor, a second temperature sensor, an irradiance sensor, a timer and an evaluation device; the evaluation device calculates an actual temperature state value of the current evaluation time period based on the detection values of the temperature sensor I, the temperature sensor II and the timer in the current evaluation time period, and performs early warning when the actual temperature state value is greater than or equal to a preset temperature state value; the evaluation device is further used for predicting the prediction allowable irradiance of the next evaluation time period based on the actual temperature state value when the actual temperature state value is smaller than the preset temperature state value; the control device controls the position adjusting mechanism to work, so that the detection value of the irradiance sensor in the next evaluation period is smaller than or equal to the predicted allowable irradiance in the next evaluation period, and the situation that the service life of the photovoltaic panel is affected due to the fact that the light irradiation intensity of the surface of the photovoltaic panel in the next evaluation period is too large is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation, and specifically to a photovoltaic power generation tracking device and a photovoltaic power generation system. Background Art

[0002] Solar photovoltaic power generation devices play an extremely important role in light energy power generation, especially in the field of new energy. Only when the installation height of the photovoltaic device is appropriate and the light intensity is maximized within the appropriate range can the photovoltaic power generation device convert light energy into electric energy with the maximum power, thereby obtaining the most energy.

[0003] In the prior art, in order to obtain more energy, a tracking type photovoltaic power generation device is usually set up. For example, a tracking type photovoltaic power generation device in CN119483458A has the following problems: 1. Lack of temperature monitoring of the photovoltaic panel, and it is impossible to detect abnormal temperature of the photovoltaic panel in time; 2. The predicted allowable irradiance in the next evaluation period is not adjusted according to the temperature monitoring result of the photovoltaic panel in the previous evaluation period, and it is easy to cause the light irradiance intensity on the surface of the photovoltaic panel in the next evaluation period to be too large, affecting the service life of the photovoltaic panel. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention provides a photovoltaic power generation tracking device and a photovoltaic power generation system to solve the technical problems raised in the above background art.

[0005] To solve the above problems, the present invention discloses a photovoltaic power generation tracking device, including a position adjustment mechanism. The mounting plate is installed at the working end of the position adjustment mechanism, and a photovoltaic panel is installed on the mounting plate. The photovoltaic power generation tracking device further includes: A first temperature sensor. A plurality of first temperature sensors are arranged on the contact surface of the mounting plate and the photovoltaic panel, and the first temperature sensor detects the surface temperature of the photovoltaic panel at its location; A second temperature sensor: used to detect the ambient temperature; An irradiance sensor: used to detect the light irradiance intensity on the surface of the photovoltaic panel; An evaluation device, which is electrically connected to the first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor, the control device, and the irradiance sensor respectively; A timer: used to detect the usage duration of the photovoltaic panel; An evaluation device: used to calculate the actual temperature state value of the current evaluation period based on the detection values of the first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor, and the timer within the current evaluation period, and issue a warning when the actual temperature state value is greater than or equal to the preset temperature state value; the evaluation device is also used to predict the predicted allowable irradiance in the next evaluation period based on the actual temperature state value when the actual temperature state value is less than the preset temperature state value; The control device controls the position adjustment mechanism to work so that the detected value of the irradiance sensor in the next evaluation period is less than or equal to the predicted allowable irradiance in the next evaluation period.

[0006] Preferably, the position adjustment mechanism includes: an inclination adjustment component and a rotation component. The inclination adjustment component is installed at the rotation end of the rotation component, the mounting plate is installed at the angle adjustment end of the inclination adjustment component, and the rotation component is installed on the support mechanism.

[0007] Preferably, the support mechanism includes: a base, and several support frames are fixedly connected to the upper end of the base; The rotation component includes: A fixed box is fixedly connected to the upper ends of several support frames. A vertical support shaft rotatably penetrates through the upper end of the fixed box. A driving mechanism I is arranged in the fixed box and is used to drive the vertical support shaft to rotate; A support disk is fixedly connected to the upper end of the vertical support shaft; Several vertical telescopic rods are arranged horizontally at intervals. The lower ends of the vertical telescopic rods are fixedly connected to the upper end of the support disk, and the upper ends of the vertical telescopic rods are fixedly connected to the inclination adjustment component.

[0008] Preferably, the inclination adjustment component includes: A frame I, the lower end of the frame I is fixedly connected to the rotation end of the rotation component, and frame II is fixedly arranged at intervals on the left and right at the upper end of the frame I; A mounting plate, the lower end of the mounting plate is fixedly connected with connecting plates at intervals on the left and right. The two connecting plates are respectively rotatably connected to the outer sides of the two frames II through a left-right direction rotating shaft; A driving mechanism II is used to provide the power for the connecting plate to rotate around the frame II through the rotating shaft.

[0009] Preferably, the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the corresponding frame II; A driving mechanism II is arranged on one of the frames II. The driving mechanism II includes: a motor, the motor is fixedly connected to the inner side of the corresponding frame II, the output shaft of the motor is coaxially driven to connect to a driving shaft, the driving shaft rotatably penetrates through the corresponding frame II and then is fixedly connected to a driving gear, a driven gear is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft of the frame II corresponding to the motor, the driven gear meshes with the driving gear, and a gear case is arranged on the outer side of the frame II corresponding to the motor. The driving gear and the driven gear are both located in the gear case.

[0010] Preferably, the evaluation device includes: A first acquisition module: used to acquire the detected values of the first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor and the timer; A first calculation module: used to calculate the actual temperature state value of the current evaluation period based on the detected values of the first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor and the timer in the current evaluation period; Early warning module: used to give an early warning when the actual temperature status value is greater than or equal to the preset temperature status value; Prediction module: used to predict the predicted allowable irradiance in the next evaluation period when the actual temperature status value is less than the preset temperature status value.

[0011] Preferably, temperature measurement is performed M times in each evaluation period, and when measuring temperature each time, temperature sensor one and temperature sensor two detect simultaneously; The actual temperature status value is calculated based on the following formula: ; ; is the temperature evaluation value of the i-th temperature measurement in the j-th evaluation period; is the temperature evaluation value of the (i - 1)-th temperature measurement in the j-th evaluation period; is the average detection value of all temperature sensor ones when measuring temperature for the i-th time in the j-th evaluation period; is the average detection value of all temperature sensor twos when measuring temperature for the i-th time in the j-th evaluation period; is the maximum allowable surface temperature of the photovoltaic panel surface; is the standard deviation of the detection values of all temperature sensor ones when measuring temperature for the i-th time in the j-th evaluation period; is the working duration of the photovoltaic panel at the end of the j-th evaluation period; t is the rated working duration of the photovoltaic panel; is the actual temperature status value of the j-th evaluation period; is combined with , to obtain the first temperature correction coefficient; is combined with , to obtain the second temperature correction coefficient; is the maximum value of the temperature evaluation values of all temperature measurements in the j-th evaluation period; , are the temperature mean evaluation weight and the temperature distribution evaluation weight respectively; , are the first evaluation weight and the second evaluation weight respectively; is the maximum allowable value of the standard deviation of the detection values of all temperature sensor ones.

[0012] Preferably, the prediction module includes: Photovoltaic power generation efficiency determination unit: used to determine the photovoltaic power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic panel; Storage unit: used to store the working time of the photovoltaic panel and the photovoltaic power generation efficiency in an associated manner; First calculation unit: used to calculate the comprehensive allowable heat generation parameter of the photovoltaic panel in the (j + 1)-th evaluation period; A second calculation unit, configured to calculate a predicted allowable irradiance for the (j + 1)-th evaluation period based on the comprehensive allowable heat generation parameter of the photovoltaic panel in the (j + 1)-th evaluation period and the photovoltaic power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic panel in the j-th evaluation period.

[0013] Preferably, the comprehensive allowable heat generation parameter of the photovoltaic panel in the (j + 1)-th evaluation period is calculated according to the following formula: ; ; is the comprehensive allowable heat generation parameter of the photovoltaic panel in the (j + 1)-th evaluation period; is the specific heat capacity of the photovoltaic panel; m is the weight of the photovoltaic panel; is the estimated environmental heat dissipation parameter of the photovoltaic panel in the (j + 1)-th evaluation period; is the convective heat transfer coefficient between the air and the photovoltaic panel; S is the heat transfer area between the air and the photovoltaic panel; is the working duration of the photovoltaic panel from the end of the j-th evaluation period to the end of the (j + 1)-th evaluation period; is the predicted environmental temperature in the (j + 1)-th evaluation period; is the average detection value of all temperature sensors 1 in all temperature measurements in the j-th evaluation period; is the average detection value of all temperature sensors 2 in all measurements in the j-th evaluation period; is combined with , to obtain the first temperature correction coefficient; is the adjustment coefficient corresponding to the actual temperature state value in the j-th evaluation period, and its value range is greater than 0 and less than 1; The predicted allowable irradiance for the (j + 1)-th evaluation period is calculated according to the following formula: ; is the light-receiving area of the photovoltaic panel; is the reflectivity of the photovoltaic panel; is the minimum value of the photovoltaic power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic panel in the j-th evaluation period; is the maximum value of the photovoltaic power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic panel in the j-th evaluation period; is the predicted allowable irradiance for the (j + 1)-th evaluation period.

[0014] The present invention also discloses a photovoltaic power generation system, including the photovoltaic power generation tracking device described above.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. Calculate the actual temperature status value of the current evaluation period based on the detection values of temperature sensor one, temperature sensor two, and the timer within the current evaluation period; When the actual temperature status value is greater than or equal to the preset temperature status value, the warning module issues a warning to remind the maintenance and management personnel of the photovoltaic power generation tracking device to repair or replace the photovoltaic panel, ensuring the working effect of the photovoltaic power generation tracking device; 2. When the actual temperature status value is less than the preset temperature status value (indicating that the working state of the photovoltaic panel is normal), predict the predicted allowable irradiance of the next evaluation period, adjust the predicted allowable irradiance of the next evaluation period according to the temperature monitoring result of the previous evaluation period of the photovoltaic panel, and the control device controls the position adjustment mechanism to work, so that the detection value of the irradiance sensor in the next evaluation period is less than or equal to the predicted allowable irradiance of the next evaluation period, avoiding excessive light irradiation intensity on the surface of the photovoltaic panel in the next evaluation period and affecting the service life of the photovoltaic panel.

[0016] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and embodiments. Description of the Drawings

[0017] The drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation to the present invention. In the drawings: Figure 1 is a schematic block diagram of the composition of the present invention; Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 3 is a partial structural diagram of the driving mechanism two of the present invention.

[0018] In the figure: 1, mounting plate; 2, photovoltaic panel; 3, inclination adjustment assembly; 31, frame one; 32, frame two; 33, driving mechanism two; 331, motor; 332, driving gear; 333, driven gear; 34, rotating shaft; 35, gear housing; 36, driving shaft; 37, connecting plate; 4, rotating assembly; 41, fixed box; 42, support disk; 43, vertical telescopic rod; 44, vertical support shaft; 5, support mechanism; 51, base; 52, support frame. Detailed Embodiments

[0019] The following describes the preferred embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0020] In addition, in the present invention, descriptions such as "first" and "second" are only for descriptive purposes, and do not particularly refer to the order or sequence. Nor are they used to limit the present invention. They are merely used to distinguish components or operations described with the same technical terms, and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features. In addition, the technical solutions and technical features between various embodiments may be combined with each other, but it must be based on the ability of those of ordinary skill in the art to implement. When the combination of technical solutions results in contradictions or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0021] The technical solutions of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0022] The present invention provides the following embodiments Embodiment 1. An embodiment of the present invention provides a photovoltaic power generation tracking device, as Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 shown, including a mounting plate 1 and a position adjustment mechanism. The mounting plate 1 is installed at the working end of the position adjustment mechanism, and a photovoltaic panel 2 is installed on the mounting plate 1. The control device is electrically connected to the position adjustment mechanism, and further includes: The first temperature sensor. A plurality of first temperature sensors are arranged on the contact surface of the mounting plate 1 and the photovoltaic panel 2, and the first temperature sensors detect the surface temperature of the photovoltaic panel 2 at their respective locations. The second temperature sensor: used to detect the ambient temperature; The irradiance sensor: used to detect the light irradiance intensity on the surface of the photovoltaic panel 2; The evaluation device, which is electrically connected to the first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor, the control device, and the irradiance sensor respectively; The timer: used to detect the usage duration of the photovoltaic panel 2; The evaluation device: used to calculate the actual temperature state value of the current evaluation period based on the detection values of the first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor, and the timer within the current evaluation period, and issue a warning when the actual temperature state value is greater than or equal to the preset temperature state value; The evaluation device is also used to predict the predicted allowable irradiance of the next evaluation period based on the actual temperature state value when the actual temperature state value is less than the preset temperature state value; The control device controls the position adjustment mechanism to work, so that the detection value of the irradiance sensor in the next evaluation period is less than or equal to the predicted allowable irradiance of the next evaluation period.

[0023] Specifically, the evaluation device includes: The first acquisition module: used to acquire the detection values of the first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor, and the timer; The first calculation module: It is used to calculate the actual temperature status value of the current evaluation period based on the detection values of the first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor and the timer within the current evaluation period; The warning module: It is used to give a warning when the actual temperature status value is greater than or equal to the preset temperature status value; The prediction module: It is used to predict the predicted allowable irradiance of the next evaluation period when the actual temperature status value is less than the preset temperature status value.

[0024] Specifically, the position adjustment mechanism includes: an inclination adjustment component 3 and a rotation component 4. The inclination adjustment component 3 is installed at the rotation end of the rotation component 4, the mounting plate 1 is installed at the angle adjustment end of the inclination adjustment component 3, and the rotation component 4 is installed on the support mechanism 5.

[0025] Specifically, the present invention may further include: a second warning device, and the second warning device is used to give a warning when the detection value of any one of the first temperature sensors is greater than the preset temperature threshold.

[0026] Wherein, the control device controls the rotation component 4 and the inclination adjustment component 3 to drive the photovoltaic panel 2 to adjust the position according to the sun's azimuth, so as to adjust the attitude of the photovoltaic panel 2, which is the prior art, such as CN118939013B.

[0027] Wherein, the present invention can adopt the prior art to determine the target attitude / optimal lighting attitude of the photovoltaic panel 2 according to the sun's azimuth (the target attitude includes the target horizontal azimuth and the target vertical inclination angle). Then, first adjust the rotation component 4 to make the photovoltaic panel 2 reach the target horizontal azimuth, and then adjust the inclination adjustment component 3 within a certain range of the target vertical inclination angle, so that the light irradiance intensity on the surface of the photovoltaic panel 2 at the final vertical inclination position is as large as possible within the range not greater than the predicted allowable irradiance of the next evaluation period.

[0028] The duration of each evaluation period can be a preset value, such as 10 min; The beneficial effects of the above technical solutions are: 1. Calculate the actual temperature status value of the current evaluation period based on the detection values of the first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor and the timer within the current evaluation period; When the actual temperature status value is greater than or equal to the preset temperature status value, the warning module gives a warning to remind the maintenance and management personnel of the photovoltaic power generation tracking device to repair or replace the photovoltaic panel 2, so as to ensure the working effect of the photovoltaic power generation tracking device; 2. When the actual temperature state value is less than the preset temperature state value (indicating that the working state of the photovoltaic panel 2 is normal), predict the predicted allowable irradiance for the next evaluation period, and adjust the predicted allowable irradiance for the next evaluation period according to the temperature monitoring result of the photovoltaic panel 2 in the previous evaluation period. The control device controls the position adjustment mechanism to work, so that the detected value of the irradiance sensor in the next evaluation period is less than or equal to the predicted allowable irradiance in the next evaluation period, avoiding excessive light irradiation intensity on the surface of the photovoltaic panel 2 in the next evaluation period and affecting the service life of the photovoltaic panel 2.

[0029] Embodiment 2, on the basis of Embodiment 1, as Figure 2 shown, the support mechanism 5 includes: a base 51, and a plurality of support frames 52 are fixedly connected to the upper end of the base 51; The rotation assembly 4 includes: A fixed box 41, the fixed box 41 is fixedly connected to the upper ends of a plurality of support frames 52, a vertical support shaft 44 rotatably penetrates through the upper end of the fixed box 41, and a driving mechanism I is arranged in the fixed box 41 for driving the vertical support shaft 44 to rotate; A support disk 42, the support disk 42 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the vertical support shaft 44; A plurality of vertical telescopic rods 43, the plurality of vertical telescopic rods 43 are arranged horizontally at intervals, the lower ends of the vertical telescopic rods 43 are fixedly connected to the upper end of the support disk 42, and the upper ends of the vertical telescopic rods 43 are fixedly connected to the inclination angle adjustment assembly 3.

[0030] The inclination angle adjustment assembly 3 includes: A frame I 31, the lower end of the frame I 31 is fixedly connected to the rotating end of the rotation assembly 4, and frame II 32 is fixedly arranged at intervals on the left and right at the upper end of the frame I 31; An installation plate 1, connecting plates 37 are fixedly connected to the lower end of the installation plate 1 at intervals on the left and right, and the two connecting plates 37 are respectively rotatably connected to the outer sides of the two frame II 32 through a rotating shaft 34 in the left and right directions; A driving mechanism II 33, the driving mechanism II 33 is used to provide the power for the connecting plate 37 to rotate around the frame II 32 through the rotating shaft 34.

[0031] The rotating shaft 34 is rotatably connected to the corresponding frame II 32; A driving mechanism 2 33 is set on a frame 2 32, and the driving mechanism 2 33 includes: a motor 331, the motor 331 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the corresponding frame 2 32, the output shaft of the motor 331 is coaxially connected to the driving shaft 36, the driving shaft 36 rotates through the corresponding frame 2 32 and is fixedly connected to the driving gear 332, the rotating shaft 34 of the frame 2 32 corresponding to the motor 331 is fixedly connected to the driven gear 333, the driven gear 333 is meshed with the driving gear 332, and a gear housing 35 is set on the outer side of the frame 2 32 corresponding to the motor 331, and the driving gear 332 and the driven gear 333 are both located in the gear housing 35.

[0032] The second driving mechanism 33 of the present invention may also adopt other devices that can provide power for the connecting plate 37 to rotate around the second frame 32 through the rotating shaft 34 .

[0033] The driving mechanism 1 of the present invention is not shown, and the structure of the driving mechanism 1 can refer to the structure of the driving mechanism 2 33; The vertical telescopic rod 43 can be an existing electric or manual vertical telescopic rod; The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are: The vertical telescopic rod 43 of the present invention can adjust the height of the inclination adjustment component 3, the mounting plate 1, and the photovoltaic panel 2; in the rotating component 4 of the present invention, the vertical support shaft 44 is driven to rotate by the driving mechanism 1, thereby driving the support plate 42, the vertical telescopic rod 43, the inclination adjustment component 3, the mounting plate 1, and the photovoltaic panel 2 to adjust the horizontal orientation; the inclination adjustment component 3 of the present invention provides the connecting plate 37 with power to rotate around the frame body 2 32 through the rotating shaft 34 through the driving mechanism 2 33, so that the mounting plate 1, the connecting plate 37, and the photovoltaic panel 2 can adjust the inclination.

[0034] The present invention adjusts the height, horizontal position and inclination of the photovoltaic panel 2 through a position adjustment mechanism, and can meet different position requirements of the photovoltaic panel 2.

[0035] Embodiment 3, based on Embodiment 1 or 2, temperature measurement is performed M times in each evaluation period, and temperature sensor 1 and temperature sensor 2 are detected simultaneously during each temperature measurement; The actual temperature status value is calculated based on the following formula: ; ; is the temperature evaluation value of the i-th temperature measurement in the j-th evaluation period; is the temperature evaluation value of the i-1th temperature measurement in the jth evaluation period; is the average detection value of all temperature sensors 1 during the i-th temperature measurement in the j-th evaluation period; is the average detected value of all the second temperature sensors during the i-th temperature measurement in the j-th evaluation period; is the maximum allowable surface temperature of the surface of the photovoltaic panel 2; is the standard deviation of the detected values of all the first temperature sensors during the i-th temperature measurement in the j-th evaluation period; is the operating duration of the photovoltaic panel 2 at the end of the j-th evaluation period; t is the rated operating duration of the photovoltaic panel 2; is the actual temperature status value in the j-th evaluation period; is combined with , to obtain the first temperature correction coefficient (the value ranges from greater than 0 to less than 1, and can be obtained based on the preset -temperature parameter ( is the temperature parameter of the i-th temperature measurement in the j-th evaluation period)-first temperature correction coefficient mapping table. The smaller is and the larger the temperature parameter is, the smaller the value of the first temperature correction coefficient; the mapping table can be obtained based on tests); is combined with , to obtain the second temperature correction coefficient (the value ranges from greater than 0 to less than 1, and can be obtained based on the preset -temperature parameter ( is the temperature parameter of the i-th temperature measurement in the j-th evaluation period)-second temperature correction coefficient mapping table; The smaller is and the larger the temperature parameter is, the smaller the value of the second temperature correction coefficient; the mapping table can be obtained based on tests); , are the temperature mean evaluation weight and the temperature distribution evaluation weight respectively (the values range from greater than 0 to less than 1, and can be 0.73 and 0.27 respectively; the sum of the temperature mean evaluation weight and the temperature distribution evaluation weight is 1); , are the first evaluation weight and the second evaluation weight respectively (the values range from greater than 0 to less than 1, and can be 0.59 and 0.41 respectively; the sum of the first evaluation weight and the second evaluation weight is 1); is the maximum allowable value of the standard deviation of the detected values of all the first temperature sensors; The unit of 10 in is the same as the unit of

[0036] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are: reflects the average temperature status of the i-th temperature measurement in the j-th evaluation period, reflects the temperature distribution state of the i-th temperature measurement in the j-th evaluation period; reflects the change state of the temperature evaluation value in the j-th evaluation period; Combining the average temperature state and temperature distribution state of each temperature measurement in the j-th evaluation period to obtain the temperature evaluation value of each temperature measurement in the j-th evaluation period, and combining the change state of the temperature evaluation value in the j-th evaluation period, finally obtaining the actual temperature state value in the j-th evaluation period, the calculation is reliable, and timely warnings are realized when the average temperature state is abnormal, the temperature distribution state is abnormal, and the temperature evaluation value fluctuates abnormally.

[0037] Embodiment 4, based on any one of Embodiments 1-3, the prediction module includes: Photovoltaic power generation efficiency determination unit: used to determine the photovoltaic power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic panel 2; Storage unit: used to store the working time and photovoltaic power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic panel 2 in an associated manner; First calculation unit: used to calculate the comprehensive allowable heat generation parameter of the photovoltaic panel 2 in the j+1-th evaluation period; Second calculation unit, used to calculate the predicted allowable irradiance in the j+1-th evaluation period based on the comprehensive allowable heat generation parameter of the photovoltaic panel 2 in the j+1-th evaluation period and the photovoltaic power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic panel 2 in the j-th evaluation period.

[0038] Specifically, the comprehensive allowable heat generation parameter of the photovoltaic panel 2 in the j+1-th evaluation period is calculated based on the following formula: ; ; is the comprehensive allowable heat generation parameter of the photovoltaic panel 2 in the j+1-th evaluation period; is the specific heat capacity of the photovoltaic panel 2; m is the weight of the photovoltaic panel 2; is the estimated environmental heat dissipation parameter of the photovoltaic panel 2 in the j+1-th evaluation period; is the convective heat transfer coefficient between the air and the photovoltaic panel 2; S is the heat transfer area between the air and the photovoltaic panel 2; is the working duration of the photovoltaic panel 2 from the end of the j-th evaluation period to the end of the j+1-th evaluation period; is the predicted environmental temperature in the j+1-th evaluation period; is the average detection value of all temperature sensors 1 in all temperature measurements in the j-th evaluation period; is the average detection value of all temperature sensors 2 in all temperature measurements in the j-th evaluation period; is combined with to obtain the first temperature correction coefficient (the value is greater than 0 and less than 1, and can be based on the preset -temperature parameter ( (where the temperature parameter is for the j-th evaluation period) - Obtained from the first temperature correction coefficient mapping table, The smaller it is, and the larger the temperature parameter is, the smaller the value of the first temperature correction coefficient); is the adjustment coefficient corresponding to the actual temperature state value in the j-th evaluation period, and its value range is greater than 0 and less than 1. The larger the actual temperature state value in the j-th evaluation period, the smaller it is; The predicted allowable irradiance in the (j + 1)-th evaluation period is calculated based on the following formula: ; is the illumination area of the photovoltaic panel 2; is the reflectivity of the photovoltaic panel 2; is the minimum value of the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic panel 2 in the j-th evaluation period; is the maximum value of the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic panel 2 in the j-th evaluation period; is the predicted allowable irradiance in the (j + 1)-th evaluation period.

[0039] The beneficial effects of the above technical solutions are: is the allowable heat generation parameter of the photovoltaic panel 2 in the (j + 1)-th evaluation period determined considering the allowable temperature rise state of the photovoltaic panel 2, is the estimated environmental heat dissipation parameter of the photovoltaic panel 2 in the (j + 1)-th evaluation period. Based on these two, the comprehensive allowable heat generation parameter of the photovoltaic panel 2 in the (j + 1)-th evaluation period is obtained, and based on the comprehensive allowable heat generation parameter of the photovoltaic panel 2 in the (j + 1)-th evaluation period and the power generation efficiency parameter of the photovoltaic panel 2 Calculate the predicted allowable irradiance in the (j + 1)-th evaluation period, and the calculation is reliable.

[0040] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalent technologies, the present invention is also intended to include these changes and modifications.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic power generation tracking device, comprising a position adjustment mechanism, a mounting plate (1) is installed at the working end of the position adjustment mechanism, and a photovoltaic panel (2) is installed on the mounting plate (1), characterized in that, The photovoltaic power generation tracking device further includes: A first temperature sensor. A plurality of first temperature sensors are arranged on the contact surface of the mounting plate (1) and the photovoltaic panel (2). The first temperature sensor detects the surface temperature of the photovoltaic panel (2) at its location. A second temperature sensor: used to detect the ambient temperature. An irradiance sensor: used to detect the light irradiance intensity on the surface of the photovoltaic panel (2). An evaluation device, which is electrically connected to the first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor, the control device, and the irradiance sensor respectively. A timer: used to detect the usage duration of the photovoltaic panel (2). The evaluation device: used to calculate the actual temperature state value of the current evaluation period based on the detection values of the first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor, and the timer within the current evaluation period, and issue a warning when the actual temperature state value is greater than or equal to the preset temperature state value; the evaluation device is also used to predict the predicted allowable irradiance of the next evaluation period based on the actual temperature state value when the actual temperature state value is less than the preset temperature state value. The control device controls the position adjustment mechanism to work, so that the detection value of the irradiance sensor in the next evaluation period is less than or equal to the predicted allowable irradiance of the next evaluation period.

2. The photovoltaic power generation tracking device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The position adjustment mechanism includes: an inclination adjustment assembly (3) and a rotation assembly (4). The inclination adjustment assembly (3) is installed at the rotation end of the rotation assembly (4), the mounting plate (1) is installed at the angle adjustment end of the inclination adjustment assembly (3), and the rotation assembly (4) is installed on the support mechanism (5).

3. The photovoltaic power generation tracking device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The support mechanism (5) includes: a base (51), and a plurality of support frames (52) are fixedly connected to the upper end of the base (51). The rotation assembly (4) includes: A fixed box (41), the fixed box (41) is fixedly connected to the upper ends of a plurality of support frames (52). A vertical support shaft (44) rotates through the upper end of the fixed box (41). A first driving mechanism is arranged in the fixed box (41) and is used to drive the vertical support shaft (44) to rotate. A support disc (42), the support disc (42) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the vertical support shaft (44). A plurality of vertical telescopic rods (43), the plurality of vertical telescopic rods (43) are arranged horizontally at intervals. The lower ends of the vertical telescopic rods (43) are fixedly connected to the upper end of the support disc (42), and the upper ends of the vertical telescopic rods (43) are fixedly connected to the inclination adjustment assembly (3).

4. The photovoltaic power generation tracking device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The inclination adjustment assembly (3) includes: A first frame body (31), the lower end of the first frame body (31) is fixedly connected to the rotation end of the rotation assembly (4), and the upper end of the first frame body (31) is fixedly provided with a second frame body (32) at left and right intervals. A mounting plate (1), the lower end of the mounting plate (1) is fixedly connected with connecting plates (37) at left and right intervals. The two connecting plates (37) are respectively rotatably connected to the outer sides of the two second frame bodies (32) through left-right direction rotating shafts (34). A second driving mechanism (33), the second driving mechanism (33) is used to provide the power for the connecting plate (37) to rotate around the second frame body (32) through the rotating shaft (34).

5. The photovoltaic power generation tracking device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The rotating shaft (34) is rotatably connected to the corresponding second frame body (32). A driving mechanism two (33) is arranged on a frame two (32). The driving mechanism two (33) includes: a motor (331), the motor (331) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the corresponding frame two (32), the output shaft of the motor (331) is coaxially drivingly connected to a driving shaft (36), the driving shaft (36) rotates through the corresponding frame two (32) and is fixedly connected to a driving gear (332), a driven gear (333) is fixedly connected to a rotating shaft (34) of the frame two (32) corresponding to the motor (331), the driven gear (333) meshes with the driving gear (332), a gear housing (35) is arranged on the outer side of the frame two (32) corresponding to the motor (331), and both the driving gear (332) and the driven gear (333) are located in the gear housing (35).

6. The photovoltaic power generation tracking device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The evaluation device includes: A first acquisition module: used for acquiring the detection values of the first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor and the timer; A first calculation module: used for calculating the actual temperature state value of the current evaluation period based on the detection values of the first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor and the timer within the current evaluation period; An early warning module: used for giving an early warning when the actual temperature state value is greater than or equal to the preset temperature state value; A prediction module: used for predicting the predicted allowable irradiance of the next evaluation period when the actual temperature state value is less than the preset temperature state value.

7. The photovoltaic power generation tracking device according to claim 6, characterized in that, M temperature measurements are carried out in each evaluation period, and the first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor detect simultaneously each time the temperature is measured; The actual temperature state value is calculated based on the following formula: ； ； is the temperature evaluation value for the i-th temperature measurement in the j-th evaluation period; is the temperature evaluation value for the (i - 1)-th temperature measurement in the j-th evaluation period; is the average detection value of all temperature sensors one during the i-th temperature measurement in the j-th evaluation period; is the average detection value of all temperature sensors two during the i-th temperature measurement in the j-th evaluation period; is the maximum allowable surface temperature of the photovoltaic panel (2); is the standard deviation of the detection values of all temperature sensors one during the i-th temperature measurement in the j-th evaluation period; is the working duration of the photovoltaic panel (2) at the end of the j-th evaluation period; t is the rated working duration of the photovoltaic panel (2); is the actual temperature state value of the j-th evaluation period; is combined with , to obtain the first temperature correction coefficient; is combined with , to obtain the second temperature correction coefficient; is the maximum value of the temperature evaluation values of all temperature measurements in the j-th evaluation period; , are the temperature mean evaluation weight and the temperature distribution evaluation weight respectively; , are the first evaluation weight and the second evaluation weight respectively; is the maximum allowable value of the standard deviation of the detection values of all temperature sensors one.

8. A photovoltaic power generation tracking device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The prediction module includes: A photovoltaic power generation efficiency determination unit: used for determining the photovoltaic power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic panel (2); A storage unit: used for associatively storing the working time and the photovoltaic power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic panel (2); A first calculation unit: used for calculating the comprehensive allowable heat generation parameter of the photovoltaic panel (2) in the (j + 1)-th evaluation period; A second calculation unit: used for calculating the predicted allowable irradiance of the (j + 1)-th evaluation period based on the comprehensive allowable heat generation parameter of the photovoltaic panel (2) in the (j + 1)-th evaluation period and the photovoltaic power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic panel (2) in the j-th evaluation period.

9. A photovoltaic power generation tracking device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The comprehensive allowable heat generation parameter of the photovoltaic panel (2) in the (j + 1)-th evaluation period is calculated based on the following formula: ； ； is the comprehensive allowable heat generation parameter of the photovoltaic panel (2) in the (j + 1)-th evaluation period; is the specific heat capacity of the photovoltaic panel (2); m is the weight of the photovoltaic panel (2); is the estimated environmental heat dissipation parameter of the photovoltaic panel (2) in the (j + 1)-th evaluation period; is the convective heat transfer coefficient between the air and the photovoltaic panel (2); S is the heat transfer area between the air and the photovoltaic panel (2); is the working duration of the photovoltaic panel (2) from the end of the j-th evaluation period to the end of the (j + 1)-th evaluation period; is the predicted environmental temperature in the (j + 1)-th evaluation period; is the average detected value of all temperature sensors 1 in all temperature measurements in the j-th evaluation period; is the average detected value of all temperature sensors 2 in all measurements in the j-th evaluation period; is combined with , to obtain the first temperature correction coefficient; is the adjustment coefficient corresponding to the actual temperature state value in the j-th evaluation period, and the value range is greater than 0 and less than 1; The predicted allowable irradiance of the (j + 1)-th evaluation period is calculated based on the following formula: ； is the illumination area of the photovoltaic panel (2); is the reflectivity of the photovoltaic panel (2); is the minimum value of the photovoltaic power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic panel (2) in the j-th evaluation period; is the maximum value of the photovoltaic power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic panel (2) in the j-th evaluation period; is the predicted allowable irradiance in the (j + 1)-th evaluation period.

10. A photovoltaic power generation system, characterized in that, It includes a photovoltaic power generation tracking device according to any one of claims 1-9.

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