A fine-adjustment mechanism for metal cutting tools

Abstract

The present invention discloses a fine-tuning mechanism for a metal cutting tool, which relates to the field of cutting equipment and aims to solve the problem that the blade of the cutting tool is affected by multiple factors and cannot be flexibly adjusted after installation, resulting in inconsistent spatial postures of multiple blades and affecting the processing accuracy of the workpiece. The invention comprises a tool body, a tool slot and a blade, wherein the blade is detachably arranged in the tool slot, a fixing hole is provided on the blade, and a positive fastening component is provided on the side of the blade for passing through the fixing hole and positively pressing the blade. A fine-tuning component is provided in the tool slot, and the fine-tuning component and the positive fastening component are arranged in spatial orthogonality. The fine-tuning component comprises an adjusting portion and an abutting portion, and the abutting portion is operably abutted against the side surface of the blade. The advantage is that the cutting edges of multiple blades can be adjusted to a consistent height by the adjusting component, thereby eliminating the influence of manufacturing tolerances and assembly cumulative errors on the blades and improving the processing accuracy of the tool.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of cutting equipment, in particular to a fine-tuning mechanism for a metal cutting tool. Background Art

[0002] Metal cutting tools are core components in the machining field, and their machining accuracy directly impacts workpiece surface quality and machining efficiency. In complex cutting scenarios such as thread milling and gear machining, tools typically utilize a multi-blade assembly structure, achieving efficient cutting by densely arranging multiple blades (such as the multiple tooth-shaped blades of a thread milling cutter) on the cutter shaft. However, due to factors such as blade manufacturing tolerances, cumulative assembly errors, and tool system rigidity, the technical challenge of inconsistent spatial orientation of multiple blades is common in practical applications.

[0003] In precision tools like thread milling cutters, the cutting edges of each insert must maintain strict coplanarity and equidistant spacing. However, due to machining errors in the insert base and limitations on the accuracy of the mounting reference surface, adjacent insert grooves can experience axial misalignment. Experimental data shows that when the misalignment exceeds 0.03mm, a noticeable step-like cutting mark will appear during cutting, directly affecting the pitch diameter accuracy of the thread.

[0004] To address the above issues, precision compensation and mechanical fine-tuning methods are commonly used for precision adjustment. The precision compensation method is to improve the blade processing accuracy (such as controlling the tolerance to ±0.01mm) or use a high-precision tool holder, but it will cause the manufacturing cost to increase by 3 to 5 times and cannot eliminate random errors in the assembly process; the mechanical fine-tuning method is to use wedge blocks, eccentric screws and other structures for position compensation, but there are problems with a single adjustment direction (only radial adjustment can be achieved) and low adjustment accuracy (minimum scale 0.02mm), and it is easy to reset due to cutting vibration after adjustment. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above situation, in order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a fine-tuning mechanism for metal cutting tools. Through this design, it effectively solves the problem that the blades of the cutting tool are affected by various factors and cannot be flexibly adjusted after installation, resulting in inconsistent spatial postures of multiple blades and affecting the processing accuracy of the workpiece.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solution: the present invention includes a tool body, a tool groove and a blade, the blade is detachably arranged in the tool groove, a fixing hole is provided on the blade, and a positive fastening component is provided on the side of the blade, which passes through the fixing hole and presses the blade in a positive direction. A fine-tuning component is provided in the tool groove, and the fine-tuning component and the positive fastening component are arranged in a spatially orthogonal manner. The fine-tuning component includes an adjusting part and a resistance part, and the resistance part can be operably abutted against the side surface of the blade.

[0007] Preferably, the forward fastening assembly includes a compression screw, the shank of the compression screw forms a radial clearance fit with the fixing hole, and the size of the radial clearance is 0.2 mm.

[0008] Preferably, a gasket is installed between the blade and the knife groove, and the gasket is provided with a first mating surface, a second mating surface and an adjustment gap. The first mating surface is fixedly connected to the knife groove, and the second mating surface is parallel to the blade. The adjustment gap is formed between the gasket and the interference portion, and its size is equivalent to the radial gap.

[0009] Preferably, the gasket is fixed to the knife groove by a stepped screw, and the stepped screw includes a first threaded portion and a second matching portion, the first threaded portion passes through the gasket and is threadedly connected to the knife groove, the second matching portion has a diameter larger than the first threaded portion and forms an axial limiting surface, the gasket is provided with a countersunk hole that matches the stepped screw, and the stepped screw is provided with an outer hole and an inner hole, the outer hole is a hexagonal prism structure, and the inner hole is threadedly connected to the clamping screw.

[0010] Preferably, the axial adjustment portion includes a threaded rod and a positioning section, the knife groove is provided with a threaded hole that cooperates with the threaded rod, the aperture of the outer end of the threaded hole is the same as the rod diameter of the positioning section, and the interference portion includes an operating head, and the operating head is provided with at least two torque application features with different structures.

[0011] Preferably, the operating head is provided with a hexagonal hole, an adjustment hole and anti-slip grooves, the hexagonal hole is located on the end face of the operating head, the adjustment holes are distributed in a radially equiangular array on the operating head, and the anti-slip grooves are located on the outer circumferential surface of the operating head.

[0012] Preferably, a shock absorbing component is sleeved on the positioning section, and the outer diameter of the shock absorbing component is equal to the outer diameter of the control part.

[0013] Preferably, the shock absorbing assembly includes a spring washer having a wavy cross-section.

[0014] Preferably, the shock absorbing assembly further comprises an annular seat, a plurality of circumferentially distributed spring cavities are provided on the annular seat, and a damping element is provided between the spring cavity and the knife groove.

[0015] Preferably, a guide structure is provided in the knife groove, and the guide structure includes a first guide surface and a second guide surface, the first guide surface is parallel to the axis of the fine-tuning component, and the second guide surface is perpendicular to the first guide surface and limits the lateral displacement of the blade.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following outstanding advantages:

[0017] The components of the present invention are compactly installed, reducing the overall volume of the device, being easy to install in the knife groove, being firmly fixed, being precisely adjusted, having a wide range of applications, and having good functionality, economy and practicality.

[0018] The present invention adjusts the position of the blade through a fine-tuning component. During blade assembly, the cutting edges of different blades can be adjusted to the same height position, solving the problem of inconsistent spatial postures of multiple blades, avoiding the generation of stepped cutting marks during processing, and improving cutting accuracy and product quality.

[0019] The fine-tuning component of the present invention is adjusted through the adjusting portion, which simplifies the adjustment method, facilitates the user's operation, and improves work efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall first-axis side structure of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall second-axis side structure of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the knife groove structure of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 4 It is a rear view structural diagram of the blade and fine adjustment assembly of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of A in the middle.

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the blade and gasket of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the gasket connection structure of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the fine-tuning component of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the three-edge milling cutter of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 10 It is a schematic diagram of the boring tool assembly structure of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of various gasket structures of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 12 It is a schematic structural diagram of the shock absorbing assembly of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 13 It is a schematic structural diagram of the spring washer of the present invention.

[0033] Numbers in the figure: 1. Tool body; 2. Tool groove; 3. Blade; 4. Forward fastening assembly; 401. Pressing screw; 5. Fine-tuning assembly; 501. Axial adjustment part; 5011. Threaded rod; 5012. Positioning section; 502. Interference part; 5021. Operating head; 5022. Hexagonal socket; 5023. Adjustment hole; 5024. Anti-slip groove; 6. Fixing hole; 7. Gasket; 8. First mating surface; 9. Second mating surface; 10. Adjustment gap; 11. Step screw; 1101. First threaded part; 1102. Second mating part; 12. Countersunk hole; 13. Outer hole; 14. Inner hole; 15. Shock-absorbing assembly; 1501. Spring washer; 1502. Annular seat; 1503. Spring cavity; 1504. Damping element; 16. First guide surface; 17. Second guide surface. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments; based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] Example 1

[0036] Please see the attached Figure 1-11 , this embodiment provides a fine-tuning mechanism for a metal cutting tool: it includes a tool body 1, a tool groove 2 and a blade 3, the blade 3 is detachably arranged in the tool groove 2, the blade 3 is provided with a fixing hole 6, the side of the blade 3 is provided with a positive fastening component 4 that passes through the fixing hole 6 and positively presses the blade 3, a fine-tuning component 5 is provided in the tool groove 2, the fine-tuning component 5 and the positive fastening component 4 are arranged in a spatially orthogonal manner, the fine-tuning component 5 includes an adjusting portion and a resistance portion 502, and the resistance portion 502 can be operably abutted against the side surface of the blade 3.

[0037] The blade 3 is fixed in the blade groove 2 by a tightening screw 401. The fine-tuning direction of the fine-tuning component 5 is perpendicular to the installation direction of the blade 3. In this way, the force acting in the adjustment direction of the fine-tuning component 5 can directly act on the positioning surface of the blade 3. The moving distance of the fine-tuning component 5 is the adjustment distance of the blade 3, and the adjustment size is more direct and reliable. The control part of the fine-tuning component 5 is used to adjust the distance between the interference part 502 and the blade groove 2. The interference part 502 acts positively on the side of the blade 3. In order to make the adjusting screw have a large enough positioning surface to support the blade 3, a gasket 7 is added behind the blade 3 to increase the thickness of the blade 3 position, so that the standard blade 3 can also be installed and matched with the blade groove 2. The fixing hole 6 in the installation direction of the blade 3 is a conical structure. The positive pressing component positively installs the blade 3 through the fixing hole 6. The positive pressure of the positive pressing component on the blade 3 makes the blade 3 fixedly installed on the blade groove 2.

[0038] The clamping screw 401 in the forward clamping assembly is used to fix the blade 3. A gap of 0.2 mm is left between the rod of the clamping screw 401 and the fixing hole 6. This gap allows a range of motion between the blade 3 and the clamping screw 401. Under the action of this radial gap, the fine-tuning assembly 5 can push the cutting edge of the blade 3 to perform fine-tuning of a height or a diameter in the tool groove 2, so that the tool cutting edge can obtain a desired size on the tool body or multiple cutting edges on the same tool body maintain a high-precision consistency, thereby improving the overall assembly accuracy of the tool and being suitable for more applications.

[0039] In order to make the thickness of the blade 3 compatible with the force-applying surface of the bearing interference part 502, a gasket 7 is installed between the blade 3 and the knife groove 2. The first mating surface 8 of the gasket 7 is fitted and fixed on the knife groove 2. The counter surface of the first mating surface 8 of the gasket 7 is fitted with the blade 3. The second mating surface 9 of the gasket 7 is parallel to the side of the blade 3. In this way, when the interference part 502 acts on the blade 3 and the gasket 7 at the same time, it ensures that the force of the interference part 502 on the blade 3 and the pad is perpendicular to its surface. An adjustment gap 10 is left between the gasket 7 and the interference part 502, and the adjustment gap 10 is also 0.2 mm. In this way, when the interference part 502 adjusts the blade 3, the pad will not interfere with it.

[0040] Furthermore, in order to ensure that the blade 3 and the gasket 7 are kept in close fit, the screw on the gasket 7 is a stepped screw 11, and the hole on the gasket 7 is a countersunk hole 12. The first threaded portion 1101 of the stepped screw 11 is used for fixed connection with the knife groove 2. After the stepped screw 11 fixes the gasket 7, the second matching portion 1102 of the stepped screw 11 is just located in the countersunk hole 12, so that the side of the gasket 7 can still maintain a horizontal plane, so that the gasket 7 and the blade 3 can be closely fitted. The outer hole 13 of the stepped screw 11 and the end of the clamping screw are both hexagonal holes, which are convenient for the wrench to screw and assemble. The outer hole 13 of the body screw extends inward with an inner hole 14, and the inner hole 14 is threadedly matched with the clamping screw 401. The rod of the clamping thread passes through the fixing hole 6 and the outer hole 13 and is threadedly connected to the inner hole 14, so that the blade 3 is fastened to the side of the gasket 7.

[0041] The axial adjustment part 501 of the fine-tuning component 5 is connected to the knife groove 2 through a threaded rod 5011. The thread on the threaded rod 5011 is a customized fine-tooth thread. The outer end of the threaded rod 5011 is a positioning end. The outer diameter of the positioning section 5012 is the same as the aperture of the threaded hole. The outermost layer of the threaded hole has a column hole without screw threads. The aperture of the column hole is the same as the aperture of the positioning section 5012. This limits the verticality of the fine-tuning component 5. The contact end face of the operating head 5021 of the interference part 502 and the blade 3 is finely ground to ensure the fitting accuracy of its end face and the assembly positioning surface of the blade 3. More than two torque application methods are adopted on the operating head 5021, including the hexagonal hole 5022, the adjustment hole 5023, and the adjustment hole 5024. The knot hole 5023 and the anti-slip groove 5024 are provided. The hexagonal hole 5022 is used to install the fine-tuning assembly 5 on the threaded hole when the blade 3 is not installed. The adjustment hole 5023 is used after the blade 3 is installed, and the end of the operating head 5021 is fixed on the blade 3. When adjusting the fine-tuning assembly 5, a wrench is inserted into the adjustment hole 5023 to swing it, or the cylindrical surface is adjusted to adjust the fine-tuning assembly 5. The anti-slip groove 5024 is designed to increase the friction coefficient of the cylindrical surface and facilitate operation of the fine-tuning assembly 5. The fine-tuning assembly 5, the clamping screw 401, and the stepped screw 11 are all made of alloy steel and are heat-treated and fine-ground on the threads, outer diameter, and end faces to ensure their hardness, rigidity, wear resistance, precision, and other characteristics.

[0042] The adjustment of the blade 3 by the fine-tuning component 5 can be widely used in various fields of high-precision metal cutting tools that require fine-tuning, such as precision face milling cutter discs, precision slot milling cutter discs, fine boring cutters, forming milling cutters, precision reamers, etc. At the same time, the shape of the gasket 7 is also adjusted according to the blade 3 of different tools, and different blades 3 correspond to special gaskets 7.

[0043] Example 2

[0044] The structure is the same as the above embodiment. Figure 12 and Figure 13 As shown, the specific difference of this embodiment is that a shock absorbing assembly 15 is provided on the fine-tuning assembly 5, the outer diameter of the shock absorbing assembly 15 is equal to the outer diameter of the interference portion 502, the shock absorbing assembly 15 includes a spring washer 1501, and the spring washer 1501 has a wavy cross-section. The shock absorbing assembly 15 also includes an annular seat 1502, and the annular seat 1502 is provided with a plurality of circumferentially distributed spring cavities 1503, and a damping element 1504 is provided between the spring cavity 1503 and the knife groove 2.

[0045] The fine-tuning component 5 is threadedly connected to the knife groove 2 through a threaded rod 5011. After the fine-tuning component 5 adjusts the blade 3, in order to prevent the blade 3 from causing the position of the fine-tuning component 5 to change during the height cutting process, a shock-absorbing component 15 is installed on the fine-tuning component 5. The shock-absorbing component 15 provides a pre-tightening force for the interference part 502 of the fine-tuning component 5 to prevent the unnatural rotation of the fine-tuning component due to external factors. The shock-absorbing component 15 is a spring washer 1501 or an annular seat 1502, wherein the spring washer 1501 is preferably an elastic washer with a wavy cross-section, and a spring cavity 1503 is provided on the corresponding surface of the annular seat 1502 and the knife groove 2. A spring or a component with rebound performance is installed in the spring cavity 1503, which can still stick to the inner side of the interference part 502 after the fine-tuning component 5 is adjusted.

[0046] like Figure 3 As shown, the first guide surface 16 and the second guide surface 17 in the tool groove 2, the fine-tuning component 5 adjusts the tool vertically along the first guide surface 16, the second guide surface 17 is perpendicular to the first guide surface 16, and the second guide surface 17 is used to fix the blade 3 and the pad to prevent the blade 3 from lateral displacement.

[0047] Finally, it should be noted that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fine-tuning mechanism for a metal cutting tool, characterized in that: The present invention comprises a tool body (1), a tool groove (2) and a blade (3), wherein the blade (3) is detachably arranged in the tool groove (2), a fixing hole (6) is provided on the blade (3), a positive fastening component (4) is provided on the side of the blade (3) and passes through the fixing hole (6) and presses the blade (3) in a positive direction, a fine-tuning component (5) is provided in the tool groove (2), the fine-tuning component (5) and the positive fastening component (4) are arranged in a spatially orthogonal manner, and the fine-tuning component (5) comprises an axial adjustment portion (501) and a contact portion (502), and the contact portion (502) is operably contacted with the side surface of the blade (3); A gasket (7) is installed between the blade (3) and the knife groove (2), and the gasket (7) is provided with a first mating surface (8), a second mating surface (9) and an adjustment gap (10), wherein the first mating surface (8) is fixedly connected to the knife groove (2), and the second mating surface (9) is parallel to the blade (3), and the adjustment gap (10) is formed between the gasket (7) and the abutment portion (502), and its size is equivalent to the radial gap; The axial adjustment portion (501) comprises a threaded rod (5011) and a positioning section (5012); the knife groove (2) is provided with a threaded hole that cooperates with the threaded rod (5011); the diameter of the outer end of the threaded hole is the same as the rod diameter of the positioning section (5012); the interference portion (502) comprises an operating head (5021); and the operating head (5021) is provided with torque application features of at least two different structures; The operating head (5021) is provided with an inner hexagonal hole (5022), an adjustment hole (5023) and an anti-slip groove (5024); the inner hexagonal hole (5022) is located on the end face of the operating head (5021); the adjustment holes are distributed in an array of equal angles along the radial direction on the operating head (5021); and the anti-slip groove (5024) is located on the outer circumferential surface of the operating head (5021); A shock absorbing component (15) is provided on the fine-tuning component (5), and the outer diameter of the shock absorbing component (15) is equal to the outer diameter of the abutting portion (502); The shock absorbing assembly (15) comprises a spring washer (1501), and the spring washer (1501) has a wavy cross section; The shock absorbing assembly (15) further comprises an annular seat (1502), a plurality of circumferentially distributed spring cavities (1503) are provided on the annular seat (1502), and a damping element (1504) is provided between the spring cavity (1503) and the knife groove (2); A guide structure is provided in the blade groove (2), the guide structure comprising a first guide surface (16) and a second guide surface (17), the first guide surface (16) being parallel to the axis of the fine-tuning component (5), and the second guide surface being perpendicular to the first guide surface (16) and limiting the lateral displacement of the blade (3).

2. The fine-tuning mechanism for a metal cutting tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The forward fastening assembly (4) comprises a clamping screw (401), the rod of the clamping screw (401) and the fixing hole (6) forming a radial clearance fit, and the size of the radial clearance is a clearance of 0.2 mm.

3. The fine-tuning mechanism for a metal cutting tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: The gasket (7) is fixed to the knife groove (2) by a stepped screw (11), and the stepped screw (11) includes a first threaded portion (1101) and a second matching portion (1102), the first threaded portion (1101) passes through the gasket (7) and is threadedly connected to the knife groove (2), the second matching portion (1102) has a diameter larger than the first threaded portion (1101) and forms an axial limiting surface, the gasket (7) is provided with a countersunk hole (12) that matches the stepped screw (11), and the stepped screw (11) is provided with an outer hole (13) and an inner hole (14), the outer hole (13) is a hexagonal prism structure, and the inner hole (14) is threadedly connected to the clamping screw (401).

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