Vacuum die-casting equipment and aluminum movable shield die-casting process

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of die casting of high-strength and high-toughness aluminum alloy workpieces, and discloses vacuum die casting equipment and an aluminum movable shield die casting process. The vacuum degree in the die-casting cavity is changed through the vacuum machine, the size of the die-casting cavity is reduced, energy consumption for achieving the vacuum degree is reduced, then molten aluminum is supplied to the interior of the die-casting cavity through the liquid supply mechanism, and all the bearing movable baffles and all the casting mold movable baffles synchronously and reversely move towards the center point position of the die-casting cavity; therefore, the size of the die-casting cavity can be driven to be gradually enlarged through the pressure of the injected molten aluminum, the shape of an aluminum alloy workpiece can be gradually formed through the bearing movable baffles and the casting movable baffles, and the aluminum alloy workpiece in the die-casting cavity can be gradually thickened; and air holes can be prevented from being generated in the forming process of the aluminum alloy workpiece through the matching of the volume change of the cavity and the vacuum degree, so that the vacuum die-casting forming effect of the aluminum alloy workpiece can be effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of die-casting of high-strength and tough aluminum alloy workpieces, and specifically to a vacuum die-casting device and a die-casting process for an aluminum movable shield. Background Art

[0002] Vacuum die-casting technology is one of the important innovation directions of traditional die-casting processes. Its core goal is to improve the density and mechanical properties of castings by reducing or eliminating the gas content in the mold cavity. In traditional die-casting processes, the molten metal fills the mold cavity at high speed under high pressure. However, due to the inability to completely discharge the air, lubricant volatilization gas, etc. in the mold cavity, defects such as pores and shrinkage porosity are finally formed inside the casting.

[0003] In high-strength and tough lightweight structural parts (such as new energy vehicle battery housings, robot joint shields), as a typical thin-walled and multifunctional structural part, the movable shield needs to meet the requirements of lightweight, high strength, and high impact toughness at the same time. At the process implementation level, the complex geometric features of the movable shield (such as ribs, mounting bosses, curved thin walls) result in a long filling path of the molten metal and a large solidification gradient, making it extremely easy to generate cold shuts, flow marks, or local pores. Traditional die-casting processes improve the filling effect by increasing the injection speed and boosting pressure, but the high-speed flow will exacerbate the entrainment of gas, instead increasing the porosity.

[0004] In the process of producing the movable shield, the vacuum die-casting device integrates a vacuum system to suck the gas in the mold cavity before or during the filling of the molten metal, significantly reducing the porosity. At the same time, it can also reduce the generation of oxide inclusions, thereby improving the comprehensive performance of the material. However, the geometric shape of the mold cavity of traditional die-casting molds is completely fixed after the mold is closed, fundamentally restricting the adaptability of the process to complex flow states, which is the core reason why pore defects are difficult to cure. During the filling process of the molten metal, the discharge of gas in the mold cavity depends on the preset exhaust grooves, overflow grooves, and the suction effect of the vacuum system. Due to the inability to dynamically adjust the mold cavity, areas where the gas discharge path is blocked by the molten metal at the initial stage of filling (such as deep cavities, narrow slots) are extremely likely to form "gas traps", resulting in a sudden drop in local vacuum and ineffective gas discharge. When the molten aluminum converges from multiple directions, the gas may be compressed at the intersection point, forming spherical pores with diameters ranging from dozens of micrometers to several millimeters. The pores are mostly distributed in the core or near-surface area of the casting, and may be exposed as surface defects during subsequent machining or under stress, seriously causing stress concentration and crack propagation, resulting in poor forming of the die-cast aluminum alloy movable shield for high-strength and tough lightweight structural parts. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a vacuum die-casting device and a die-casting process for an aluminum movable shield.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A vacuum die-casting device includes a support base. On one side of the top of the support base, a die-casting housing is provided. On the other side of the top of the support base, a vacuum machine and a liquid supply mechanism are provided. Inside the die-casting housing, a receiving mold and a casting mold are provided. After the receiving mold and the casting mold are closed, a die-casting cavity is formed. After the receiving mold and the casting mold are closed between them, the vacuum machine can change the vacuum degree inside the die-casting cavity, and the liquid supply mechanism can supply aluminum liquid into the die-casting cavity. Inside the receiving mold, a number of receiving movable baffles are movably provided, and a number of receiving limiting blocks are fixedly provided inside the receiving mold. Inside the casting mold, a number of casting movable baffles are movably provided, and a number of casting limiting blocks and a casting center block are fixedly provided inside the casting mold. During the process of the change of the vacuum degree and the amount of aluminum liquid inside the die-casting cavity, each of the receiving movable baffles and each of the casting movable baffles move synchronously towards the center point position of the die-casting cavity, changing the volume and shape of the die-casting cavity.

[0007] Preferably, during the synchronous movement of each of the receiving movable baffles, each of the receiving movable baffles can maintain the seal with each adjacent receiving limiting block. During the synchronous movement of each of the casting movable baffles, each of the casting movable baffles can maintain the seal with each adjacent casting limiting block and with the adjacent casting center block.

[0008] Preferably, sliding limiting grooves are formed on the sides of each of the receiving limiting blocks close to each adjacent receiving movable baffle, and sliding blocks are provided on the sides of each of the receiving movable baffles close to the adjacent receiving limiting blocks. The sliding blocks can respectively extend into the corresponding sliding limiting grooves. On one side of each of the sliding blocks close to the center point position of the die-casting cavity, a notch baffle is provided. On both sides of each of the sliding blocks, sliding limiting springs are provided. The ends of the sliding limiting springs away from the sliding blocks are fixed to the inner walls of the sliding limiting grooves.

[0009] Preferably, sealing strips are provided at one ends of each side of each of the receiving movable baffles close to the center point position of the die-casting cavity. The sealing strips can undergo elastic deformation. The thickness of one side of each of the sealing strips close to the center point position of the die-casting cavity is greater than the thickness of the side away from the center point position of the die-casting cavity. A sealing layer is covered on the side of each of the notch baffles close to the inner wall of the sliding limiting groove. The sealing layer can undergo elastic deformation. When the notch baffle moves along with the receiving movable baffle under the limitation of the corresponding sliding limiting groove, the seal between each of the receiving movable baffles and each adjacent receiving limiting block can be maintained.

[0010] Preferably, casting stoppers are provided on the sides of the movable baffle of the mold near each adjacent casting limit stopper. Casting limit grooves are formed on the sides of each casting limit stopper near each adjacent movable baffle of the mold. A communication port is also formed in the center of the casting center stopper. Each of the casting stoppers of each movable baffle of the mold is respectively inserted into a corresponding one of the casting limit grooves, and each movable baffle of the mold can slide under the restriction of each casting limit groove.

[0011] Preferably, a fluid diverter is provided inside the die-casting housing and on the side of the mold near the vacuum machine. The fluid diverter includes a communication pipe, a vacuum pipe, an oil injection pipe, and a liquid injection pipe. The vacuum pipe is communicated with the vacuum machine, the liquid injection pipe is communicated with the liquid supply mechanism, and the vacuum pipe and the oil injection pipe are also respectively communicated with the liquid injection pipe through overflow pipes. One end of the communication pipe can extend into the communication port, and after the communication pipe extends into the communication port, a seal is maintained between the outer wall of the communication pipe and the inner wall of the communication port.

[0012] Preferably, a guiding and driving mechanism is also provided inside the die-casting housing. The guiding and driving mechanism includes a plurality of guiding rods, each of which passes through the receiving mold and the casting mold respectively, and each guiding rod can limit the moving directions of the receiving mold and the casting mold. The guiding and driving mechanism further includes a driving cylinder and a pressing buffer unit. The driving cylinder and the pressing buffer unit are respectively arranged on the two sides of the receiving mold and the casting mold away from each other. Under the drive of the driving cylinder, the receiving mold can move towards the casting mold to close the mold under the restriction of the guiding rods.

[0013] Preferably, the pressing buffer unit includes a plurality of limit sleeve shafts, a buffer connecting plate, and a plurality of hydraulic buffer cylinders. Each two limit sleeve shafts are respectively fixedly sleeved on both sides of the casting mold on the guiding rods, the buffer connecting plate is arranged on the side of the casting mold away from the receiving mold, and both ends of each hydraulic buffer cylinder are respectively connected between the casting mold and the buffer connecting plate.

[0014] Preferably, the die-casting housing includes a fixed housing and a movable door panel. Discharge windows are formed on both sides of the fixed housing, and a heat dissipation window is also formed at the top of the fixed housing. The movable door panel is slidably connected to the fixed housing, and the movable door panel can slide open and cover the discharge window.

[0015] An aluminum movable shield die-casting process is characterized by using the above-mentioned vacuum die-casting equipment, and includes the following steps: The receiving die and the casting die are respectively configured according to the shape of the aluminum movable shield. When the space of the die-casting cavity is in the maximum state, the shape of the die-casting cavity matches the shape of the aluminum movable shield. Under the action of the vacuum machine, as the vacuum degree inside the die-casting cavity gradually approaches zero, the volume of the die-casting cavity gradually shrinks. After the vacuum degree inside the die-casting cavity reaches the minimum value, molten aluminum is supplied into the die-casting cavity through the liquid supply mechanism. Under the pressure of the molten aluminum, the volume of the die-casting cavity gradually increases, and the molten aluminum thickens and forms inside the components of the die-casting cavity.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a vacuum die-casting device and an aluminum movable shield die-casting process, which have the following beneficial effects: 1. For this vacuum die-casting device, by changing the vacuum degree inside the die-casting cavity with a vacuum machine, at this time, each receiving movable baffle and each casting movable baffle all move forward synchronously towards the center point position of the die-casting cavity, making the volume of the die-casting cavity shrink, and being able to reduce the achievement conditions of the required vacuum degree inside the die-casting cavity, reducing the energy consumption for reaching the said vacuum degree. Then, molten aluminum is supplied into the die-casting cavity through the liquid supply mechanism, and each receiving movable baffle and each casting movable baffle all move backward synchronously towards the center point position of the die-casting cavity. Thus, it can drive the volume of the die-casting cavity to gradually expand through the pressure of the injected molten aluminum, and can gradually form the shape of the aluminum alloy workpiece through each receiving movable baffle and each casting movable baffle, enabling the aluminum alloy workpiece inside the die-casting cavity to gradually thicken, and being able to avoid the generation of pores in the aluminum alloy workpiece during the forming process through the cooperation of the volume change of the cavity and the vacuum degree, and effectively improving the vacuum die-casting forming effect of the aluminum alloy workpiece.

[0017] 2. For this vacuum die-casting device, the notch baffle can block each sliding limit groove during the relative sliding process, and cooperate with the sealing strips arranged on each side of each receiving movable baffle and the sealing layer covering the side of each notch baffle close to the inner wall of the sliding limit groove to seal between the die-casting cavity and the external sliding limit groove, thereby maintaining the seal of the part of the die-casting cavity in the receiving die. Similarly, it maintains the seal of the part of the die-casting cavity in the casting die, ensuring the seal between the entire die-casting cavity and the outside, and further ensuring the forming effect of the aluminum alloy workpiece through the shape of the die-casting cavity.

[0018] 3. After the receiving die and the casting die are closed, first, lubricating oil is injected into the die casting cavity through the oil injection pipeline via the connecting pipeline, so as to ensure the sealing inside the die casting cavity through the infiltration of the lubricating oil, and at the same time, ensure that the workpiece can be smoothly demolded from the die casting cavity after forming. Then, the excess lubricating oil can be pumped back through the oil injection pipeline. Next, the vacuum machine provides negative pressure to the die casting cavity through the vacuum pipeline via the connecting pipeline, thereby changing the vacuum degree inside the die casting cavity. Then, the liquid supply mechanism provides molten aluminum to the die casting cavity through the liquid injection pipeline via the connecting pipeline. The excess molten aluminum can flow back into the liquid injection pipeline through the overflow pipeline, avoiding the solidification of the molten aluminum and blocking the vacuum pipeline and the oil injection pipeline. After the connecting pipeline extends into the connecting port, a seal is maintained between the outer wall of the connecting pipeline and the inner wall of the connecting port, ensuring the sealed connection between the connecting pipeline and the die casting cavity.

[0019] 4. For this vacuum die casting equipment, through the drive of the driving cylinder, the receiving die can move towards the casting die and close under the restriction of the guiding rod. Each two limiting sleeve shafts are respectively fixedly sleeved on both sides of the casting die on the guiding rod, restricting the moving path of the casting die. The buffer connecting plate is arranged on the side of the casting die away from the receiving die. Both ends of each hydraulic buffer cylinder are connected between the casting die and the buffer connecting plate, enabling the stability of the die closing to be improved through the buffering of the hydraulic buffer cylinder when the receiving die and the casting die are closed. And through the sliding connection between the movable door panel and the fixed protective shell, the discharge window can be opened and shielded when needed, providing protection to the outside during the vacuum die casting process and facilitating the removal of the die-cast aluminum alloy workpieces. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 is one of the three-dimensional structure schematic diagrams of a vacuum die casting equipment of the present invention; Figure 2 is the second three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of a vacuum die casting equipment of the present invention; Figure 3 is the partial structure schematic diagram of a vacuum die casting equipment of the present invention; Figure 4 is the three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the receiving die, casting die and guiding drive mechanism of a vacuum die casting equipment of the present invention; Figure 5 is the assembly structure schematic diagram of the receiving die, casting die and guiding drive mechanism of a vacuum die casting equipment of the present invention; Figure 6 is the three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the receiving die of a vacuum die casting equipment of the present invention; Figure 7 is the internal structure schematic diagram of the receiving die of a vacuum die casting equipment of the present invention; Figure 8 is of the present invention Figure 7A magnified view of part A; Figure 9 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a casting mold of a vacuum die-casting device.

[0021] In the figure: 1, support base; 2, die-casting shell; 21, fixed shell; 22, movable door panel; 3, vacuum machine; 4, liquid supply mechanism; 5, receiving mold; 51, receiving movable baffle; 511, sliding block; 512, notch baffle; 513, sliding limit spring; 514, sealing strip; 52, receiving limit block; 521, sliding limit groove; 6, casting mold; 61, casting movable baffle; 611, casting block; 6 2. Mold limit block; 621. Mold limit groove; 63. Mold center block; 631. Connecting port; 7. Fluid commutator; 71. Connecting pipe; 72. Vacuum pipe; 73. Oil injection pipe; 74. Liquid injection pipe; 75. Overflow pipe; 8. Guide drive mechanism; 81. Guide rod; 82. Drive cylinder; 83. Pressing buffer unit; 831. Limit sleeve shaft; 832. Buffer connecting plate; 833. Hydraulic buffer cylinder. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] As introduced in the background technology, there are deficiencies in the prior art. In order to solve the above technical problems, the present application proposes a vacuum die-casting equipment and an aluminum movable shield die-casting process.

[0024] Embodiment 1:

[0025] See also Figures 1 - 9, a vacuum die-casting device, comprising a support base 1, on one side of the top of the support base 1, there is a die-casting housing 2, on the other side of the top of the support base 1, there is a vacuum machine 3 and a liquid supply mechanism 4. Inside the die-casting housing 2, there are a receiving mold 5 and a casting mold 6. After the receiving mold 5 and the casting mold 6 are closed, a die-casting cavity is formed; after the receiving mold 5 and the casting mold 6 are closed, the vacuum machine 3 can change the vacuum degree inside the die-casting cavity, and the liquid supply mechanism 4 can supply aluminum liquid into the die-casting cavity; inside the receiving mold 5, there are several receiving movable baffles 51 movably arranged, and inside the receiving mold 5, there are also several receiving limiting blocks 52 fixedly arranged. Inside the casting mold 6, there are several casting movable baffles 61 movably arranged, and inside the casting mold 6, there are also several casting limiting blocks 62 and a casting center block 63 fixedly arranged; during the process of the change of the vacuum degree and the aluminum liquid amount inside the die-casting cavity, each receiving movable baffle 51 and each casting movable baffle 61 move synchronously towards the center point position of the die-casting cavity, changing the volume and shape of the die-casting cavity.

[0026] During specific use, first, it is necessary to select and configure appropriate receiving molds 5 and casting molds 6 according to the types of aluminum alloy workpieces to be processed, and preheating structures and cooling structures are arranged inside the receiving molds 5 and the casting molds 6 (arranging preheating structures and cooling structures in the molds is a common technical solution in the prior art and will not be elaborated here). Specifically, when the space of the die-casting cavity is in the maximum state, the shape of the die-casting cavity matches the shape of the actually processed aluminum alloy workpiece. Among them, in the drawings of this embodiment, only one embodiment in which both the receiving movable baffle 51 and the casting movable baffle 61 are integral is shown. During specific use, multiple receiving movable baffles 51 and multiple casting movable baffles 61 can be used to jointly limit the shape of the die-casting cavity, and during use, a sealed state is maintained between adjacent receiving movable baffles 51 and adjacent casting movable baffles 61.

[0027] During use, the molten aluminum liquid (or semi-molten aluminum liquid) required for producing aluminum alloy workpieces is pre-insulated inside the liquid supply mechanism 4. Before the receiving mold 5 and the casting mold 6 are closed (after the previously produced aluminum alloy workpiece is taken out from between the receiving mold 5 and the casting mold 6), oil spraying treatment is performed between the receiving mold 5 and the casting mold 6. Thus, after the receiving mold 5 and the casting mold 6 are closed, by preheating the receiving mold 5 and the casting mold 6, and then changing the vacuum degree inside the die-casting cavity through the vacuum machine 3 (making the vacuum degree inside the die-casting cavity approach zero), at this time, each receiving movable baffle 51 and each casting movable baffle 61 all move forward synchronously towards the center point position of the die-casting cavity (close to the center point position of the die-casting cavity), making the volume of the die-casting cavity shrink, and being able to reduce the conditions for achieving the required vacuum degree inside the die-casting cavity, reducing the energy consumption for reaching the said vacuum degree. Then, aluminum liquid is supplied into the die-casting cavity through the liquid supply mechanism 4, and each receiving movable baffle 51 and each casting movable baffle 61 all move backward synchronously away from the center point position of the die-casting cavity. Thus, the pressure of the injected aluminum liquid can be used to drive the volume of the die-casting cavity to gradually expand, and the shape of the aluminum alloy workpiece can be gradually formed by each receiving movable baffle 51 and each casting movable baffle 61, and the aluminum alloy workpiece inside the die-casting cavity can be gradually thickened, and through the cooperation of the volume change of the cavity and the vacuum degree, pores can be avoided during the forming process of the aluminum alloy workpiece, and the vacuum die-casting forming effect of the aluminum alloy workpiece can be effectively improved.

[0028] Embodiment Two:

[0029] Please refer to Figures 1 - 9 , the difference from the above embodiment is that during the synchronous movement of each receiving movable baffle 51, each receiving movable baffle 51 can maintain the seal with each adjacent receiving limit stop 52; during the synchronous movement of each casting movable baffle 61, each casting movable baffle 61 can maintain the seal with each adjacent casting limit stop 62 and with each adjacent casting center stop 63.

[0030] Sliding limit grooves 521 are formed on the sides of each receiving limit stop 52 close to each adjacent receiving movable baffle 51, and sliding blocks 511 are provided on the sides of each receiving movable baffle 51 close to each adjacent receiving limit stop 52. The sliding blocks 511 can respectively extend into the corresponding sliding limit grooves 521; on one side of each sliding block 511 close to the center point position of the die-casting cavity, there is a notch baffle 512, and sliding limit springs 513 are respectively provided on both sides of the sliding block 511. The ends of the sliding limit springs 513 away from the sliding block 511 are fixed to the inner walls of the sliding limit grooves 521.

[0031] At one end of each side of the receiving movable baffle 51 near the center point position of the die-casting cavity, a sealing strip 514 is provided. The sealing strip 514 can undergo elastic deformation, and the thickness of one side of each sealing strip 514 near the center point position of the die-casting cavity is greater than the thickness of the side far from the center point position of the die-casting cavity; a sealing layer covers the side of each notch baffle 512 close to the inner wall of the sliding limit groove 521, and the sealing layer can undergo elastic deformation; when the notch baffle 512 moves along with the receiving movable baffle 51 under the restriction of the corresponding sliding limit groove 521, the sealing between each receiving movable baffle 51 and the adjacent receiving limit blocks 52 can be maintained.

[0032] On the side of the mold movable baffle 61 adjacent to each adjacent mold limit block 62, a mold block 611 is provided. On the side of each mold limit block 62 adjacent to the adjacent mold movable baffle 61, a mold limit groove 621 is formed. A communication port 631 is also formed in the center of the mold center block 63; each mold block 611 of each mold movable baffle 61 is respectively inserted into the corresponding mold limit groove 621, and each mold movable baffle 61 can slide respectively under the restriction of each mold limit groove 621.

[0033] During specific use, through the setting of each receiving movable baffle 51, each movable receiving 51 generates relative sliding between each receiving movable baffle 51 and each receiving limit block 52 under the action of the vacuum degree provided by the vacuum machine 3 and the aluminum liquid pressure provided by the liquid supply mechanism 4. During the relative sliding process, through the setting of the sliding limiting spring 513, the difficulty of relative sliding can be increased through the elastic force of the sliding limiting spring 513, and the state of relative sliding can be made more stable. During the relative sliding process, through the setting of the notch baffle 512, the notch baffle 512 can block each sliding limit groove 521 during the relative sliding process, and cooperate with the sealing strip 514 (made of high-temperature elastic sealant, such as polysiloxane, polyimide, etc.) set at one end of each side of each receiving movable baffle 51 close to the center point of the die-casting cavity, the thickness of each sealing strip 514 close to the center point of the die-casting cavity is greater than the thickness of the side away from the center point of the die-casting cavity, and the side of each notch baffle 512 close to the inner wall of the sliding limit groove 521 is covered The sealing layer (made of high-temperature elastic sealant, such as polysiloxane, polyimide, etc.) seals the die-casting cavity and the external sliding limit groove 521, thereby maintaining the sealing of the die-casting cavity in the receiving mold 5, and avoiding excessive defects in the shape of the formed aluminum alloy workpiece; similarly, under the action of the vacuum degree provided by the vacuum machine 3 and the aluminum liquid pressure provided by the liquid supply mechanism 4, each mold movable baffle 61 generates a seal between each mold limit block 62 and the mold center block 63. Relative sliding (the mold movable baffle 61 and the mold limit block 62 are also provided with a sealing structure similar to the receiving movable baffle 51 and the receiving limit block 52). During the relative sliding process, each mold movable baffle 61 can maintain the seal with each adjacent mold limit block 62 and the adjacent mold center block 63, thereby maintaining the seal of the die-casting cavity in the casting mold 6, and can ensure the seal between the entire die-casting cavity and the outside, and then through the shape of the die-casting cavity, ensure the forming effect of the aluminum alloy workpiece.

[0034] Embodiment three:

[0035] See also Figures 1 - 9 , which is different from the above-mentioned embodiment, is provided with a fluid commutator 7 inside the die-casting shell 2 and on the side of the casting mold 6 close to the vacuum machine 3, and the fluid commutator 7 includes a connecting pipe 71, a vacuum pipe 72, an oil injection pipe 73 and a liquid injection pipe 74; the vacuum pipe 72 is connected to the vacuum machine 3, the liquid injection pipe 74 is connected to the liquid supply mechanism 4, and the vacuum pipe 72 and the oil injection pipe 73 are also connected to the liquid injection pipe 74 through an overflow pipe 75 respectively; one end of the connecting pipe 71 can be extended into the connecting port 631, and after the connecting pipe 71 is extended into the connecting port 631, the outer wall of the connecting pipe 71 and the inner wall of the connecting port 631 are kept sealed.

[0036] During specific use, the oil injection pipeline 73 is connected between the liquid pump and the oil storage tank, and solenoid valves are provided on both the vacuum pipeline 72 and the oil injection pipeline 73 to control the on-off of the vacuum pipeline 72 and the oil injection pipeline 73. After the receiving mold 5 and the casting mold 6 are closed, first, lubricating oil is injected into the die casting cavity through the oil injection pipeline 73 via the connecting pipeline 71. This can ensure the sealing inside the die casting cavity through the infiltration of the lubricating oil, and at the same time, ensure that the workpiece can be smoothly demolded from the die casting cavity after forming. When too much lubricating oil is poured, the air extraction pump connected to the oil injection pipeline 73 can be used. During the process of pumping back the excess lubricating oil through the liquid pump and the oil injection pipeline 73, the air extraction pump supplements the power for extracting the excess lubricating oil. Then, the vacuum machine 3 provides negative pressure to the die casting cavity through the vacuum pipeline 72 via the connecting pipeline 71, thereby changing the vacuum degree inside the die casting cavity. Then, the liquid supply mechanism 4 (the liquid supply mechanism 4 generally includes a ladle for providing molten aluminum and power components such as a liquid pump for providing the driving force for the flow of the aluminum liquid) provides aluminum liquid to the die casting cavity through the liquid injection pipeline 74 via the connecting pipeline 71. The excess aluminum liquid can flow back into the liquid injection pipeline 74 through the overflow pipeline 75, thus preventing the aluminum liquid from solidifying and blocking the vacuum pipeline 72 and the oil injection pipeline 73. After the connecting pipeline 71 extends into the connecting port 631, the outer wall of the connecting pipeline 71 is kept sealed with the inner wall of the connecting port 631, ensuring the sealed connection between the connecting pipeline 71 and the die casting cavity.

[0037] A guiding and driving mechanism 8 is also provided inside the die casting housing 2. The guiding and driving mechanism 8 includes a plurality of guiding rods 81, each of which penetrates through the receiving mold 5 and the casting mold 6 respectively, and each guiding rod 81 can limit the moving direction of the receiving mold 5 and the casting mold 6; the guiding and driving mechanism 8 further includes a driving cylinder 82 and a pressing buffer unit 83. The driving cylinder 82 and the pressing buffer unit 83 are respectively arranged on the two sides of the receiving mold 5 and the casting mold 6 that are far away from each other. Under the drive of the driving cylinder 82, the receiving mold 5 can move towards the casting mold 6 to close the mold under the limitation of the guiding rod 81.

[0038] The pressing buffer unit 83 includes a plurality of limiting sleeve shafts 831, a buffer connecting plate 832, and a plurality of hydraulic buffer cylinders 833. Every two limiting sleeve shafts 831 are respectively fixedly sleeved on both sides of the casting mold 6 on the guiding rod 81, the buffer connecting plate 832 is arranged on the side of the casting mold 6 away from the receiving mold 5, and both ends of each hydraulic buffer cylinder 833 are connected between the casting mold 6 and the buffer connecting plate 832 respectively.

[0039] The die casting housing 2 includes a fixed housing 21 and a movable door panel 22. Discharge windows are opened on both sides of the fixed housing 21, and a heat dissipation window is also opened at the top of the fixed housing 21; the movable door panel 22 is slidably connected to the fixed housing 21, and the movable door panel 22 can slide open and cover the discharge windows.

[0040] In use, driven by the driving cylinder 82, the receiving mold 5 can move towards the casting mold 6 under the restriction of the guiding rod 81 to close the mold. Each of the two limiting sleeve shafts 831 is fixedly sleeved on both sides of the casting mold 6 on the guiding rod 81 to restrict the moving path of the casting mold 6. The buffer connecting plate 832 is arranged on the side of the casting mold 6 away from the receiving mold 5. Both ends of each hydraulic buffer cylinder 833 are respectively connected between the casting mold 6 and the buffer connecting plate 832, so as to improve the stability of mold closing through the buffering of the hydraulic buffer cylinder 833 when the receiving mold 5 and the casting mold 6 are closed. And through the sliding connection between the movable door panel 22 and the fixed housing 21, the discharging window can be opened and shielded when needed, so as to provide protection to the outside during the vacuum die-casting process and facilitate the removal of the die-cast aluminum alloy workpieces.

[0041] Embodiment 4:

[0042] An aluminum movable shield die-casting process uses a vacuum die-casting device as described in any one of Embodiments 1-3, and includes the following steps: Configure the receiving mold 5 and the casting mold 6 respectively according to the shape of the aluminum movable shield. When the space of the die-casting cavity is in the maximum state, the shape of the die-casting cavity matches the shape of the aluminum movable shield. Under the action of the vacuum machine 3, during the process that the vacuum degree inside the die-casting cavity gradually approaches zero, the volume of the die-casting cavity gradually decreases. After the vacuum degree inside the die-casting cavity reaches the minimum value, supply molten aluminum into the die-casting cavity through the liquid supply mechanism 4. Under the pressure of the molten aluminum, the volume of the die-casting cavity gradually increases, and the molten aluminum thickens and forms inside the components of the die-casting cavity.

[0043] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, for those of ordinary skill in the art, it can be understood that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirits of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A vacuum die-casting device, comprising a support base, wherein a die-casting housing is arranged on one side of the top end of the support base, and a vacuum machine and a liquid supply mechanism are arranged on the other side of the top end of the support base, and it is characterized in that: Inside the die-casting housing, a receiving mold and a casting mold are provided. After the receiving mold and the casting mold are closed, a die-casting cavity is formed; After the receiving mold and the casting mold are closed, the vacuum machine can change the vacuum degree inside the die-casting cavity, and the liquid supply mechanism can supply molten aluminum into the die-casting cavity; A number of receiving movable baffles are movably arranged inside the receiving mold, and a number of receiving limiting blocks are fixedly arranged inside the receiving mold. A number of casting movable baffles are movably arranged inside the casting mold, and a number of casting limiting blocks and a casting center block are fixedly arranged inside the casting mold; During the process of the change of the vacuum degree and the amount of molten aluminum inside the die-casting cavity, each of the receiving movable baffles and each of the casting movable baffles move synchronously towards the center point position of the die-casting cavity, changing the volume and shape of the die-casting cavity.

2. The vacuum die-casting equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: During the synchronous movement of each of the receiving movable baffles, each of the receiving movable baffles can maintain the seal with each adjacent receiving limiting block; During the synchronous movement of each of the casting movable baffles, each of the casting movable baffles can maintain the seal with each adjacent casting limiting block and with the adjacent casting center block.

3. A vacuum die-casting device according to claim 2, characterized in that: Sliding limiting grooves are formed on the sides of each of the receiving limiting blocks close to each adjacent receiving movable baffle, and sliding blocks are arranged on the sides of each of the receiving movable baffles close to each adjacent receiving limiting block. The sliding blocks can respectively extend into the corresponding sliding limiting grooves; On one side of each of the sliding blocks close to the center point position of the die-casting cavity, a notch baffle is arranged. Sliding limiting springs are respectively arranged on both sides of the sliding block, and the ends of the sliding limiting springs far away from the sliding block are fixed to the inner walls of the sliding limiting grooves.

4. The vacuum die-casting equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: On one end of each side of each of the receiving movable baffles close to the center point position of the die-casting cavity, a sealing strip is arranged. The sealing strip can undergo elastic deformation, and the thickness of one side of each of the sealing strips close to the center point position of the die-casting cavity is greater than the thickness of the side far away from the center point position of the die-casting cavity; A sealing layer is covered on the side of each of the notch baffles close to the inner wall of the sliding limiting groove. The sealing layer can undergo elastic deformation; When the notch baffle moves along with the receiving movable baffle under the restriction of the corresponding sliding limiting groove, the seal between each of the receiving movable baffles and each adjacent receiving limiting block can be maintained.

5. A vacuum die-casting device according to claim 2, characterized in that: On the side of each of the casting movable baffles close to each adjacent casting limiting block, a casting block is arranged. Casting limiting grooves are formed on the sides of each of the casting limiting blocks close to each adjacent casting movable baffle. A communication port is also formed in the center of the casting center block; Each of the casting blocks of each of the casting movable baffles is respectively embedded into the corresponding casting limiting grooves, and each of the casting movable baffles can slide respectively under the restriction of each of the casting limiting grooves.

6. A vacuum die-casting device according to claim 5, characterized in that: Inside the die-casting housing and on the side of the casting mold close to the vacuum machine, a fluid commutator is provided. The fluid commutator includes a communication pipeline, a vacuum pipeline, an oil injection pipeline and a liquid injection pipeline; The vacuum pipeline is in communication with the vacuum machine, the liquid injection pipeline is in communication with the liquid supply mechanism, and the vacuum pipeline and the oil injection pipeline are also in communication with the liquid injection pipeline through an overflow pipeline respectively; One end of the communication pipe can extend into the communication port, and after the communication pipe extends into the communication port, the outer wall of the communication pipe and the inner wall of the communication port are sealed.

7. A vacuum die-casting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A guide drive mechanism is also provided inside the die-casting housing, and the guide drive mechanism includes a plurality of guide rods, each of which penetrates the receiving mold and the casting mold respectively, and each of the guide rods can limit the moving direction of the receiving mold and the casting mold; The guiding driving mechanism also includes a driving cylinder and a pressing buffer unit, which are respectively arranged on two sides of the receiving mold and the casting mold that are far away from each other. Driven by the driving cylinder, the receiving mold can move toward the casting mold to close the mold under the restriction of the guiding rod.

8. A vacuum die-casting device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The pressing buffer unit includes a plurality of limit sleeve shafts, a buffer connecting plate and a plurality of hydraulic buffer cylinders. Every two limit sleeve shafts are fixedly mounted on both sides of the casting mold on the guide rod, and the buffer connecting plate is arranged on the side of the casting mold away from the receiving mold. Both ends of each hydraulic buffer cylinder are respectively connected to the casting mold and the buffer connecting plate.

9. A vacuum die-casting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The die-casting protective shell includes a fixed protective shell and a movable door plate, both sides of the fixed protective shell are provided with discharge windows, and the top of the fixed protective shell is also provided with a heat dissipation window; The movable door plate is slidably connected to the fixed protective shell, and the movable door plate can be slid to open and cover the discharge window.

10. A die-casting process for an aluminum movable shield, characterized in that, A vacuum die-casting device as described in any one of claims 1 to 9 is used, comprising the following steps: The receiving mold and the casting mold are respectively configured according to the shape of the aluminum movable shield. When the space of the die-casting cavity is in the maximum state, the shape of the die-casting cavity matches the shape of the aluminum movable shield. Under the action of the vacuum machine, as the vacuum degree inside the die-casting cavity gradually approaches zero, the volume of the die-casting cavity gradually shrinks; After the vacuum degree inside the die-casting cavity is at the minimum value, molten aluminum is supplied into the die-casting cavity through the liquid supply mechanism. Under the pressure of the molten aluminum, the volume of the die-casting cavity gradually increases, and the molten aluminum thickens and forms components inside the die-casting cavity.

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