Machining lathe with cutter convenient to replace

Abstract

The machining lathe comprises a base, a first rotating table and a second rotating table are installed on the base, a containing disc is installed on the first rotating table, a containing opening is formed in the containing disc, a tool is placed on the containing opening, a lifting frame is installed on the second rotating table, a load seat is arranged on the lifting frame, and a tool is placed on the load seat. A motor is installed on the load seat, a clamp is installed at the output end of the motor, the cutter comprises a cutter cylinder, a supporting ring is arranged on the outer wall of the cutter cylinder, a limiting seat of a cross-shaped structure is arranged at the upper end of the cutter cylinder, an inclined block is rotatably installed on the limiting seat through a torsional spring, the clamp comprises a top cover, a cylinder is installed at the lower end of the top cover, a cross-shaped cavity is formed in the cylinder, and a fixing assembly is arranged in the cross-shaped cavity. A cleaning assembly is further arranged on the guide cylinder.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of machine tools, and specifically relates to a machining lathe for conveniently replacing tools. Background Technique

[0002] In the field of machining, currently, traditional lathes mostly adopt manual tool changing or simple hydraulic clamping mechanisms. Manual or semi-automatic tool changing requires frequent shutdown for adjustment, which takes a long time (usually 2 - 5 minutes), and it is difficult to meet the requirements of multi-process continuous machining, resulting in low tool-changing efficiency. Secondly, when using mechanical jaws or conical surface matching methods, it is easy to cause micro-displacement of the tool due to vibration, affecting the machining accuracy (the repeat positioning error is often > 0.02 mm). In addition, chips and coolant residues are easily accumulated in the tool clamping area, and manual disassembly and cleaning are required, increasing the shutdown time and posing safety hazards, resulting in difficult cleaning and maintenance.

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a machining lathe for conveniently replacing tools to solve the problems raised in the above background technique. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A machining lathe for conveniently replacing tools, including a base, the base is respectively installed with a rotating table one and a rotating table two, a placing plate is installed on the rotating table one, a placing opening is provided on the placing plate, a tool is placed on the placing opening, a lifting frame is installed on the rotating table two, a load seat is provided on the lifting frame, a motor is installed on the load seat, a clamp is installed at the output end of the motor, the tool includes a tool barrel, a support ring is provided on the outer wall of the tool barrel, a limiting seat with a cross structure is provided at the upper end of the tool barrel, an inclined block is rotatably installed on the limiting seat through a torsion spring, the clamp includes a top cover, a column body is installed at the lower end of the top cover, a cross cavity is provided in the column body, a retaining component is provided in the cross cavity, and a cleaning component is further provided on the guide tube.

[0005] Further, as a preference, the retaining component includes a lifting cylinder one connected to the top cover, a cross plate one is installed at the lower end of the lifting cylinder one, a column rod and a lifting cylinder two are respectively installed at the center of the cross plate one and the lower end face of the support plate, the output end of the lifting cylinder two is provided with a cross plate two sleeved outside the column rod, a roller one is rotatably installed at the outer end of the support plate of the cross plate two, a cross rotating plate three is installed at the lower end of the column rod, and a roller two is rotatably installed at the outer end of the support plate of the cross rotating plate three.

[0006] Further, as a preference, the roller two is used to fit the inclined surface of the inclined block and push the inclined block to rotate outwards, and the roller one is used to press against the outer end position of the inclined surface of the inclined block to fix the inclined block.

[0007] Further, as a preference, the bottom of the cross cavity is provided with an inclined surface, and anti-slip strips are provided on the inclined surface.

[0008] Further, as a preference, an anti-slip pad is provided on the outer side surface of the inclined block.

[0009] Further, as a preference, a first annular groove and a second annular groove are sequentially arranged from the inside to the outside at the lower end of the cylinder. The first annular groove communicates with the central hole of the cylinder through a first through hole. A rotating ring is rotatably installed in the second annular groove. A surrounding shell is arranged on the outer side of the rotating ring. The surrounding shell is fixed on a connecting plate, and the connecting plate is connected to a load seat. A second through hole communicating with the first annular groove is arranged on the rotating ring. A through port communicating with the second through hole is arranged in the surrounding shell. The surrounding shell is further connected with an air guide pipe. An annular cavity is arranged in the cutter barrel. A third through hole for communicating with the first through hole is arranged on the upper end side wall of the annular cavity.

[0010] Further, as a preference, the cleaning assembly includes a first air-permeable disc arranged at the upper end of the annular cavity. A spring is connected to the lower end of the first air-permeable disc. The lower end of the spring is connected with a second air-permeable disc slidably arranged in the annular cavity. A fan blade frame is rotatably installed at the lower end of the second air-permeable disc. A brush rod is installed at the lower end of the fan blade frame.

[0011] Further, as a preference, the length of the brush of the brush rod is greater than the width of the annular cavity.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a mechanical processing lathe convenient for replacing tools, having the following beneficial effects:

[0013] In the present invention, through the 180° coordinated rotation of the first rotating table and the second rotating table, and in cooperation with the vertical movement of the lifting frame, the rapid coaxial alignment of the tool and the fixture is realized, the tool change time is effectively shortened, and the efficiency is effectively improved compared with the traditional method. The multi-station placement port cooperates with the rubber ring sleeve friction positioning to improve the pre-installation position accuracy of the tool, reduce the manual calibration steps, and realize efficient tool change and accurate positioning.

[0014] In the present invention, through the multi-stage fixation assembly, that is, the first lifting cylinder and the second lifting cylinder are used to drive the first roller and the second roller step by step, and combined with the torsion spring reset mechanism of the inclined block, a locking logic of "first expand and then strengthen" is formed, the locking force is greatly improved, and the axial tensile strength is effectively enhanced. The anti-slip strip on the inclined plane and the anti-slip pad of the inclined block form a two-way friction interface, effectively suppressing the displacement caused by cutting vibration, realizing high-rigidity locking and adaptive adjustment, and improving the tool change efficiency, locking accuracy and tool maintenance convenience of the lathe.

[0015] In the present invention, first, gas is ejected from the lower end of the annular cavity to directly remove the chip at the tool tip for primary cleaning. Then, the air flow drives the fan blade frame to drive the brush rod to rotate, and the surface of the tool can be deeply cleaned for secondary brushing. Then, the air flow circulation is used to reduce the working temperature of the tool and dissipate heat in real time, extending the coating life. Through the linkage design of the spring and the second air-permeable disc, the brush rod only extends out during cleaning to avoid machining interference. Description of the Drawings

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 Schematic structural diagram of the fixture of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 Schematic sectional structural diagram of the fixture of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 4 Schematic structural diagram of the retention component of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 5 Schematic structural diagram of the column body of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 6 Schematic structural diagram of the swivel ring of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 7 Schematic structural diagram of the cutting tool of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 8 Schematic sectional structural diagram of the cutting tool of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 9 Schematic structural diagram of the brush rod of the present invention;

[0025] In the figure: 1, base; 2, fixture; 3, cutting tool; 4, cleaning component; 11, turntable one; 12, turntable two; 13, lifting frame; 14, load seat; 15, motor; 16, placing tray; 161, placing opening; 21, top cover; 22, column body; 23, enclosing shell; 24, connecting plate; 25, swivel ring; 26, retention component; 221, cross cavity; 222, inclined surface; 223, through hole one; 224, annular groove one; 225, annular groove two; 2211, anti-slip strip; 231, air guide pipe; 232, through port; 251, through hole two; 261, lifting cylinder one; 262, cross plate one; 263, column rod; 264, cross plate two; 265, cross plate three; 266, lifting cylinder two; 2641, rotating roller one; 2651, rotating roller two; 31, cutter barrel; 32, limiting seat; 33, torsion spring; 34, inclined block; 35, supporting ring; 311, annular cavity; 312, through hole three; 341, anti-slip pad; 41, air permeable disc one; 42, spring; 43, air permeable disc two; 44, fan blade frame; 45, brush rod. Detailed implementation manners

[0026] Refer to Figures 1-9, the present invention provides a technical solution: a machining lathe for facilitating tool replacement, including a base 1. The base 1 is respectively installed with a first rotating table 11 and a second rotating table 12. A placing plate 16 is installed on the first rotating table 11. A placing opening 161 is provided on the placing plate 16. A tool 3 is placed on the placing opening 161. A lifting frame 13 is installed on the second rotating table 12. A load seat 14 is provided on the lifting frame 13. A motor 15 is installed on the load seat 14. A fixture 2 is installed at the output end of the motor 15. The tool 3 includes a tool barrel 31. A support ring 35 is provided on the outer wall of the tool barrel 31. A limiting seat 32 with a cross structure is provided at the upper end of the tool barrel 31. An inclined block 34 is rotatably installed on the limiting seat 32 through a torsion spring 33. The fixture 2 includes a top cover 21. A column 22 is installed at the lower end of the top cover 21. A cross cavity 221 is provided in the column 22. A retaining component 26 is provided in the cross cavity 221. A cleaning component 4 is further provided on the guide cylinder 31.

[0027] As a preferred embodiment, the same straight line where the first rotating table 11 and the second rotating table 12 are located is perpendicular to the machining table of the machine tool. That is, when it is necessary to replace the tool, as Figure 1 shown, by controlling the second rotating table 12 to rotate the lifting frame 13 by 180°, the axis of the fixture 2 coincides with the axis of the placing opening 161. By controlling the fixture 2 to move vertically through the lifting frame 13, the fixture 2 can assemble or disassemble the tool 3. By cooperating with the first rotating table 11 to control the rotation of the placing plate 16, the fixture 2 can quickly replace the tool 3 on the placing plate 16, making the replacement more convenient and efficient.

[0028] In this embodiment, a rubber ring is covered on the edge of the placing opening 161. When the tool 3 is separated from and inserted into the placing opening 161, there is a frictional effect between the tool barrel 31 in the tool 3 and the rubber ring, so as to stabilize the placement position of the tool 3 and improve the replacement accuracy and smoothness.

[0029] In this embodiment, combined with Figure 8 shown, a stop surface for restricting the inclined block 34 from rotating in the vertical direction is provided on the limiting seat 32. Among them, the torsion spring 33 has a torsion force that urges the inclined block 34 to rotate in the vertical direction, so that when the retaining component 26 is separated from the tool 3, the torsion spring 33 drives the inclined block 34 to reset.

[0030] In this embodiment, the side surface of each vertical cavity of the cross cavity 221 is attached to the side surface of the inclined block 34. That is to say, the direction of torsion of the cross cavity 221 is restricted by the cavity wall of each vertical cavity of the cross cavity 221. With the pressing of the first roller 2641 and the second roller 2651, the tool 3 is quickly locked.

[0031] In this embodiment, the retention assembly 26 includes a lifting cylinder 1 261 connected to the top cover 21. A cross plate 1 262 is installed at the lower end of the lifting cylinder 1 261. A column rod 263 and a lifting cylinder 2 266 are respectively installed at the center of the cross plate 1 262 and the lower end face of the support plate. A cross plate 2 264 sleeving the column rod 263 is provided at the output end of the lifting cylinder 2 266. A roller 1 2641 is rotatably installed at the outer end of the support plate of the cross plate 2 264. A cross rotating plate 3 265 is installed at the lower end of the column rod 263. A roller 2 2651 is rotatably installed at the outer end of the support plate of the cross plate 3 265.

[0032] In this embodiment, the roller 2 2651 is used to fit the inclined surface of the inclined block 34 and push the inclined block 34 to rotate outwards. The roller 1 2641 is used to press the position at the outer end of the inclined surface of the inclined block 34 to retain the inclined block 34.

[0033] In this embodiment, in combination with Figure 3 As shown, when the cutter 3 enters a certain position in the fixture 2, first, the lifting cylinder 1 261 is used to control the cross plate 1 262 to move downwards. At this time, the column rod 263 moves downwards accordingly. The roller 2 2651 acts on the inclined block 34 to expand outwards. The inclined block 34 gradually adheres to and touches the inclined surface 222. Then, the lifting cylinder 2 266 is used to control the cross plate 2 264 to move downwards, so that the roller 1 2641 strengthens the retention of the inclined block 34 at the outer end position, completing the locking of the cutter 3.

[0034] In this embodiment, an inclined surface 222 is provided at the bottom of the cross cavity 221, and an anti-slip strip 2211 is provided on the inclined surface 222 to improve the locking effect and locking accuracy of the inclined block 34.

[0035] In this embodiment, an anti-slip pad 341 is provided on the outer side surface of the inclined block 34 to further strengthen the locking effect and locking accuracy between the cutter 3 and the fixture 2.

[0036] In this embodiment, a first annular groove 224 and a second annular groove 225 are sequentially provided from the inside to the outside at the lower part of the column body 21. The first annular groove 224 is communicated with the central hole of the column body 21 through a through hole 223. A rotating ring 25 is rotatably installed in the second annular groove 225. A surrounding shell 23 is provided on the outer side of the rotating ring 25. The surrounding shell 23 is fixed on the connecting plate 24. The connecting plate 24 is connected to the load seat 14. A through hole 251 communicating with the first annular groove 224 is provided on the rotating ring 25. A through port 232 communicating with the through hole 251 is provided in the surrounding shell 23. The surrounding shell 23 is also connected with an air duct 231. An annular cavity 311 is provided in the cutter barrel 31. A through hole 312 for communicating with the through hole 223 is provided on the upper side wall of the annular cavity 311.

[0037] As a preferred embodiment, a sealing collar is provided at the edge of the through-port 232, and there is a frictional force between the sealing collar and the outer wall of the swivel ring 25, enabling the smooth rotation of the cylinder 21. When gas is introduced into the enclosure 23 through the air duct 231, the gas can successively pass through the cavity of the enclosure 23, the second through-hole 251, the first annular groove 2224, the first through-hole 223, and the third through-hole 312 and flow into the annular cavity 311, and then flow out from the lower end of the annular cavity 311. On the one hand, it can dissipate heat from the processing tool body area in the tool 3, on the other hand, it can blow and clean the area of the processing tool body, and in addition, it can also clean the surface of the processing tool body in real time.

[0038] In this embodiment, the cleaning assembly 4 includes a first breathable disc 41 provided at the upper end of the annular cavity 311. A spring 42 is connected to the lower end of the first breathable disc 41, and a second breathable disc 43 slidably arranged in the annular cavity 311 is connected to the lower end of the spring 42. A fan blade frame 44 is rotatably installed at the lower end of the second breathable disc 43, and a brush rod 45 is installed at the lower end of the fan blade frame 44.

[0039] In this embodiment, when the gas at the upper end of the annular cavity 311 flows out through the first breathable disc 41, the gas impacts the second breathable disc 43 and the fan blade frame 44, causing the fan blade frame 44 to move downward, driving the brush rod 45 to extend out of the annular cavity 311, and at the same time driving the brush rod 45 to rotate circumferentially, thereby further cleaning the surface of the processing tool body, and further enabling the processing tool body to maintain a high cleanliness effect.

[0040] In this embodiment, the brush length of the brush rod 45 is greater than the width of the annular cavity 311.

[0041] In specific implementation, it includes the following steps:

[0042] S1: Adjust the rotation of the lifting frame 13 through the second rotating table 12, and adjust the rotation of the placement disc 16 through the first rotating table 11, so that the fixture 2 without the tool 3 is coaxially aligned with the required tool 13 on the placement disc 16;

[0043] S2: Adjust the fixture 2 without the tool 3 to approach the required tool 13 by a certain position through the lifting frame 13. Adjust the first cross plate 262 to move downward through the first lifting cylinder 261. At this time, the column rod 263 moves downward accordingly, and the second roller 2651 acts on the inclined block 34 to expand outward. The inclined block 34 gradually adheres to and contacts the inclined surface 222. Then, adjust the second cross plate 264 to move downward through the second lifting cylinder 266, so that the first roller 2641 strengthens the fixation of the outer end position of the inclined block 34, and completes the locking of the tool 3;

[0044] S3: Adjust the rotation of the lifting frame 13 through the second rotating table 12 for machine tool processing;

[0045] S4: When replacement is needed, rotate the lifting frame 13 by adjusting the second rotating table 12, and rotate the placement disk 16 by adjusting the first rotating table 11, so that the fixture 2 containing the tool 3 is aligned with the placement opening on the placement disk 16 that does not contain the tool 3;

[0046] S5: Control the second cross plate 264 to move upward by the second lifting cylinder 266, so that the first roller 2641 disengages from the inclined block 34. Control the first cross plate 262 to move upward by the first lifting cylinder 261, and the column rod 263 moves upward accordingly, and the second roller 2651 disengages from the inclined block 34, completing the unlocking and detachment of the tool 3;

[0047] S6: Then perform S1 to complete the replacement of the tool 3, and perform S3.

[0048] As described above, it is only a preferred specific embodiment of the invention, but the protection scope of the invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the invention, according to the technical solution of the invention and its inventive concept, makes equivalent replacements or changes, and should be covered by the protection scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A machining lathe for convenient tool replacement, comprising a base (1), characterized in that: The base (1) is respectively mounted with a rotating table (11) and a rotating table (12); a placement plate (16) is mounted on the rotating table (11); a placement opening (161) is provided on the placement plate (16); a tool (3) is placed on the placement opening (161); a lifting frame (13) is mounted on the rotating table (12); a load seat (14) is provided on the lifting frame (13); a motor (15) is mounted on the load seat (14); a fixture (2) is mounted on the output end of the motor (15); and the tool (3) The invention comprises a knife barrel (31), the outer wall of which is provided with a supporting ring (35), the upper end of which is provided with a limit seat (32) of a cross structure, the limit seat (32) being rotatably mounted with an inclined block (34) via a torsion spring (33), the clamp (2) comprising a top cover (21), the lower end of which is provided with a column (22), the column (22) being provided with a cross cavity (221), the cross cavity (221) being provided with a retaining assembly (26), and the guide barrel (31) being further provided with a cleaning assembly (4).

2. A machining lathe for convenient tool replacement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The retaining assembly (26) comprises a lifting cylinder (261) connected to the top cover (21), a cross plate (262) being installed at the lower end of the lifting cylinder (261), a column (263) and a lifting cylinder (266) being installed at the center of the cross plate (262) and the lower end surface of the support plate respectively, a cross plate (264) being provided at the output end of the lifting cylinder (266) and being sleeved on the outside of the column (263), a roller (2641) being rotatably installed at the outer end of the support plate of the cross plate (264), a cross rotating plate (265) being installed at the lower end of the column (263), and a roller (2651) being rotatably installed at the outer end of the support plate of the cross plate (265).

3. A machining lathe for convenient tool replacement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second rotating roller (2651) is used to fit the inclined surface of the inclined block (34) to push the inclined block (34) to rotate outward, and the first rotating roller (2641) is used to press the inclined surface of the inclined block (34) at the outer end to fix the inclined block (34).

4. A machining lathe for convenient tool replacement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the cross cavity (221) is provided with an inclined surface (222), and an anti-slip strip (2211) is provided on the inclined surface (222).

5. The machining lathe for convenient tool replacement according to claim 1, characterized in that: An anti-slip pad (341) is provided on the outer side surface of the inclined block (34).

6. The machining lathe for convenient tool replacement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The column (21) is provided with a first annular groove (224) and a second annular groove (225) in sequence from the inside to the outside at the lower end thereof. The first annular groove (224) is connected to the center hole of the column (21) via a first through hole (223). A swivel (25) is rotatably mounted in the second annular groove (225). A surrounding shell (23) is provided on the outside of the swivel (25). The surrounding shell (23) is fixed on a connecting plate (24). The connecting plate (24) is connected to the load seat (1 4), the rotating ring (25) is provided with a second through hole (251) communicating with the first ring groove (224), the surrounding shell (23) is provided with a through opening (232) communicating with the second through hole (251), the surrounding shell (23) is also connected to an air guide pipe (231), the knife cylinder (31) is provided with an annular cavity (311), and the upper end side wall of the annular cavity (311) is provided with a third through hole (312) for communicating with the first through hole (223).

7. A machining lathe for convenient tool replacement according to claim 6, characterized in that: The cleaning assembly (4) comprises an air permeable disk (41) arranged at the upper end of the annular cavity (311), the lower end of the air permeable disk (41) is connected to a spring (42), the lower end of the spring (42) is connected to an air permeable disk (43) slidably arranged in the annular cavity (311), the lower end of the air permeable disk (43) is rotatably mounted with a fan blade frame (44), and the lower end of the fan blade frame (44) is mounted with a brush rod (45).

8. A machining lathe for convenient tool replacement according to claim 7, characterized in that: The brush length of the brush rod (45) is greater than the width of the annular cavity (311).

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