Laser-electric arc coaxial hybrid welding method and device

Abstract

The invention provides a laser-arc coaxial hybrid welding method and device, and relates to the technical field of laser welding, and the laser-arc coaxial hybrid welding method comprises the following steps: providing a welding torch, a laser welding head and a to-be-welded part; and the multiple welding torches are arranged around the laser welding head in a surrounding mode, electrodes are arranged on the welding torches respectively, and the multiple electrodes generate electric arcs in the same direction. And the position of the electrode is adjusted, the multiple arcs are made to be close to one another, currents attract one another and then converge to form coupled arcs, and the ranges of molten pools formed by the arcs on the surface of the to-be-welded part are mutually overlapped to form an expanded molten pool. A laser beam emitted by the laser welding head is coaxially compounded with the coupling arc to form a light spot in the center of the expanded molten pool, and the light spot moves along the abutted seam of the to-be-welded piece for welding. The method has the beneficial effects of adapting to different welding scenes and reducing the economic cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of laser welding, and in particular, to a laser-arc coaxial composite welding method and device. Background Art

[0002] Due to the advantages of combining the high energy density of the laser and the good bridging ability of the arc, the laser-arc composite welding technology has been widely used in the fields of construction machinery, shipbuilding, etc. At present, the mainstream composite welding scheme is side-axis composite welding, that is, the laser beam and the arc are placed on both sides in the plane position and form a certain angle. Due to the many disadvantages of side-axis composite welding, such as large occupied space, low energy synergy efficiency, and serious plasma shielding, the laser-arc coaxial welding technology has been developed nowadays.

[0003] In the related art, the laser-arc coaxial welding technology uses a hollow electrode and makes the laser pass through the hollow electrode to achieve the coaxial composite of the laser and the arc.

[0004] However, the existing coaxial composite method needs to be realized by making the laser pass through the hollow electrode, which not only makes the electrode structure complex, but also destroys the original characteristics of the electrode, resulting in a shortened electrode life and high manufacturing cost. Due to the above factors, the existing laser-arc coaxial composite welding cannot be flexibly adapted to different welding scenarios and is difficult to be widely applied to industrial production. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The problem solved by the present invention is how to improve the adaptability of the coaxial composite welding technology for large-scale application in industrial production.

[0006] To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a laser-arc coaxial composite welding method and device.

[0007] On the one hand, the present invention provides a laser-arc coaxial composite welding method, adopting the following technical scheme:

[0008] A laser-arc coaxial composite welding method includes: providing a welding torch, a laser welding head, and a workpiece to be welded;

[0009] Surrounding a plurality of the welding torches around the laser welding head, electrodes are respectively arranged on the welding torches, and the plurality of electrodes are used to generate arcs toward the same side of the plurality of welding torches;

[0010] Adjusting the relative positions of the plurality of welding torches to make the multi-path arcs close to each other, so that the currents attract each other and converge to form a coupled arc, and the molten pool ranges formed by each path of arc on the surface of the workpiece to be welded overlap with each other to form an enlarged molten pool;

[0011] The laser beam emitted by the laser welding head forms a light spot at the center of the enlarged molten pool after being coaxially combined with the coupled arc, and drives a plurality of the welding torches and the laser welding head to move the enlarged molten pool and the light spot along the seam of the workpiece to be welded for welding.

[0012] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: when the distance is close enough, multiple welding currents in the same direction will attract each other. By adjusting the positions of the electrodes, the multiple arcs are within the allowable range where they can generate suction force for each other, thereby realizing the automatic coupling of the arcs, and further reducing the technical difficulty of laser-arc coaxial combination to achieve low-cost large-scale industrial application.

[0013] Moreover, the area of the enlarged molten pool formed by the coupled arc on the surface of the workpiece to be welded is larger than that of the single molten pool formed by a single arc. The increase in the molten pool area also helps to balance the synergistic effect of the two heat sources of the laser and the arc. The arc softens the material in advance, which can effectively dilute the photoinduced plasma cloud in the welding area space, reduce the laser reflectivity, and enhance the laser energy absorption efficiency; in addition, after the molten pool area is enlarged, a wider fusion zone is formed on the surface of the workpiece to be welded, making the heat distribution more uniform, the liquid metal flow more sufficient, reducing the risk of keyhole collapse, and avoiding the generation of pores and spatter.

[0014] Optionally, control the laser welding head so that the laser beam is vertically incident from directly above the center of the enlarged molten pool.

[0015] Optionally, adjust the orientation of the electrodes and the distance between each electrode according to the magnitude of the current, so that the distance between each arc is less than the maximum allowable distance for the currents to attract each other.

[0016] Optionally, connect the welding torch to a shielding gas, and each welding torch outputs the shielding gas simultaneously during the welding process.

[0017] Optionally, when the coupled arc is formed by the mutual attraction and coupling of two arcs, it includes the following steps:

[0018] Provide a first welding torch and a second welding torch, a first electrode is provided on the first welding torch, and a second electrode is provided on the second welding torch;

[0019] Make the first welding torch and the second welding torch output the shielding gas, form a first arc on the first electrode by short-circuiting or using a high-frequency arc starter, apply an open-circuit voltage to the second electrode to form a second arc, and the first arc and the second arc are coupled to form the coupled arc.

[0020] Optionally, when the coupled arc is formed by the mutual attraction and coupling of two arcs, it includes the following steps:

[0021] Provide a first welding torch and a second welding torch, a first electrode is provided on the first welding torch, and a second electrode is provided on the second welding torch;

[0022] Turning on the laser welding head, the laser welding head generates a laser beam to irradiate the surface of the workpiece to be welded, increasing the intensity of the laser beam to reach the breakdown threshold of the air, and the air around the laser beam is ionized to form a plasma cloud;

[0023] The first welding torch and the second welding torch are made to output protective gas, and no-load voltage is applied to the first electrode and the second electrode so that the two electrodes form a first arc and a second arc respectively, and the first arc and the second arc are coupled to form the coupled arc.

[0024] On the other hand, the present invention provides a laser-arc coaxial hybrid welding device, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0025] A laser-arc coaxial hybrid welding device is used to implement the above-mentioned laser-arc coaxial hybrid welding method, comprising multiple welding torches and a laser welding head. The multiple welding torches are arranged around the laser welding head. The welding torches are respectively provided with electrodes. The multiple electrodes are used to generate arcs toward the same side of the multiple welding torches to form coupled arcs.

[0026] The beneficial effects produced by the laser-arc coaxial hybrid welding device provided by the present invention compared with the prior art are the same as those of the laser-arc coaxial hybrid welding method, so the beneficial effects of the laser-arc coaxial hybrid welding device are not repeated here.

[0027] Optionally, it also includes a protective cover and a position adjustment device, the laser welding head is located on one side of the protective cover, the protective cover is provided with a light-transmitting hole for the laser beam to pass through, the welding torch is movably installed on the side of the protective cover away from the laser welding head, the electrode is fixedly connected to the welding torch, and the position adjustment device is used to drive the welding torch to move.

[0028] Optionally, a slider is slidably connected to the protective cover, the welding torch is hinged to the slider, the protective cover is provided with a slide rail around the light-transmitting hole, the position adjustment device includes a sliding assembly and a rotating assembly, the sliding assembly is used to drive the slider to slide along the slide rail with damping, and the rotating assembly is used to drive the welding torch to rotate.

[0029] Optionally, a gas release device is further included, and the gas release device is used to fill the protective cover with protective gas. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 The schematic diagram is a principle diagram of an embodiment of the method of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of a laser-arc coaxial hybrid welding device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Description of the reference numerals in the drawings:

[0033] 10. Workpiece to be welded; 1. First welding torch; 2. Second welding torch; 3. First electrode; 31. First arc; 4. Second electrode; 41. Second arc; 5. Laser beam; 51. Photoinduced plasma; 6. Coupled arc; 7. Enlarged molten pool; 8. Protective cover; 81. Light-transmitting hole; 82. Slide rail; 9. Slide block; 91. Hinge shaft. Detailed implementation manners

[0034] To make the above objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the following will describe the specific embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the drawings. Although some embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments described herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided to more thoroughly and completely understand the present invention. It should be understood that the drawings and embodiments of the present invention are only for exemplary purposes and are not used to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0035] In the drawings, the Z-axis represents the vertical direction, that is, the up-and-down position, and the positive direction of the Z-axis represents the upper side, and the negative direction of the Z-axis represents the lower side; the X-axis in the drawings represents the horizontal direction and is specified as the left-and-right position, and the positive direction of the X-axis represents the right side, and the negative direction of the X-axis represents the left side; the Y-axis in the drawings represents the front-and-back position, and the positive direction of the Y-axis represents the front side, and the negative direction of the Y-axis represents the back side. At the same time, it should be noted that the above-mentioned meanings represented by the Z-axis, Y-axis, and X-axis are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation to the present invention.

[0036] The term "including" and its variants used herein are open-ended, that is, "including but not limited to"; the term "based on" is "at least partially based on"; the term "one embodiment" means "at least one embodiment"; the term "another embodiment" means "at least one additional embodiment"; the term "some embodiments" means "at least some embodiments"; the term "optionally" means "optional embodiments". The relevant definitions of other terms will be given in the following description. It should be noted that the concepts such as "first" and "second" mentioned in the present invention are only used to distinguish different devices, modules, or units, and are not used to limit the order or mutual dependence relationship of the functions performed by these devices, modules, or units.

[0037] It should be noted that the modification of "one" and "multiple" mentioned in the present invention is illustrative rather than restrictive. Those skilled in the art should understand that unless otherwise clearly specified in the context, it should be understood as "one or more".

[0038] The present invention provides a laser-arc coaxial composite welding method and device.

[0039] Referring to Figure 1 , a laser-arc coaxial composite welding method provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes:

[0040] Providing a welding torch, a laser welding head, and a workpiece to be welded 10.

[0041] Arranging a plurality of the welding torches around the laser welding head, each of the welding torches being provided with an electrode, and the plurality of electrodes being used to generate arcs toward the same side of the plurality of welding torches.

[0042] Adjusting the relative positions of the plurality of welding torches to make multiple arcs approach each other, so that the currents attract each other and converge to form a coupled arc 6, and the molten pool ranges formed by each arc on the surface of the workpiece to be welded 10 overlap each other to form an enlarged molten pool 7.

[0043] The laser beam 5 emitted by the laser welding head is coaxially combined with the coupled arc 6 to form a light spot in the center of the enlarged molten pool 7, and driving the plurality of welding torches and the laser welding head, so that the enlarged molten pool 7 and the light spot move along the seam of the workpiece to be welded 10 for welding.

[0044] Specifically, when the distance between the electrodes is less than or equal to the maximum allowable distance at which the electromagnetic force generated by their currents acts, multiple welding currents in the same direction will attract each other under the action of the electromagnetic force, and the magnitude of this allowable distance is proportional to the magnitude of the current. Figure 1 Taking two arcs as an example in Figure 1 , the first welding torch 1 and the second welding torch 2 are each provided with a coaxial electrode, namely the first electrode 3 and the second electrode 4.

[0045] Moreover, the area of the enlarged molten pool 7 formed by the coupled arc 6 on the surface of the workpiece to be welded 10 is larger than that of the single molten pool formed by a single arc. The increase in the molten pool area also helps to balance the synergistic effect of the two heat sources of the laser and the arc. Refer to Figure 2 , in the figure, the dotted line represents the axis. Since the first arc 31, the second arc 41 and the coupled arc 6 belong to low-temperature and low-density plasmas, the high-temperature and high-density plasma generated by the laser beam 5 welding will absorb the energy of the laser beam 5, refract and scatter it, hindering the laser beam 5 from reaching the surface of the workpiece to be welded 10. In this method, the multi-path arcs are coupled in advance to form an enlarged molten pool 7, and the arcs soften the material in advance, which can effectively dilute the photo-induced plasma 51 in the welding area space, reduce the laser reflectivity, and enhance the absorption efficiency of the workpiece to be welded 10 for the laser energy.

[0046] In addition, after the molten pool area is enlarged, a wider fusion zone is formed on the surface of the workpiece to be welded 10, making the heat distribution more uniform, the flow of the liquid metal more sufficient, reducing the risk of keyhole collapse, and avoiding the generation of pores and spatter.

[0047] In this embodiment, the first electrode 3 and the second electrode 4 are mirror-symmetrically distributed on both sides of the laser welding head with the laser beam 5 as the axis, and the distance L2 between the first electrode 3 and the second electrode 4 is less than 5 mm. In other embodiments, three-way or four-way arcs can also be coupled, and multiple electrodes are evenly arrayed around the laser welding head. When setting the electrodes, it is necessary to ensure that there is no obstruction between the laser welding head and the workpiece to be welded 10.

[0048] Refer to Figure 2 , optionally, control the laser welding head so that the laser beam 5 is vertically incident from directly above the center of the enlarged molten pool 7.

[0049] Specifically, the vertical incidence of the laser beam 5 between the first electrode 3 and the second electrode 4 can improve the accuracy of the further combination of the laser and the coupled arc 6, thereby improving the welding accuracy.

[0050] Optionally, adjust the orientation of the electrodes and the distance between each electrode according to the current magnitude, so that the distance between each path of arcs is less than the maximum allowable distance for the current to generate mutual attraction.

[0051] Refer to Figure 2 , specifically, the required welding current magnitude is different in different welding scenarios, so the allowable distance for the arcs to attract each other will also change accordingly. By driving the torch to rotate or move, the orientation and position of the electrodes can be adjusted, so as to flexibly adapt to the allowable distance under different welding currents, and broaden the applicable scenarios of laser-arc coaxial composite welding.

[0052] Optionally, connect the torch to the shielding gas, and each torch outputs the shielding gas simultaneously during the welding process.

[0053] Specifically, the shielding gas can clean the optical path of the laser beam 5 and dilute the photoinduced plasma 51, further improving the effective power coefficient of the laser beam.

[0054] Optionally, when the coupled arc 6 is formed by the mutual attraction and coupling of two arcs, it includes the following steps:

[0055] Provide a first torch 1 and a second torch 2. A first electrode 3 is provided on the first torch 1, and a second electrode 4 is provided on the second torch 2.

[0056] Make the first torch 1 and the second torch 2 output shielding gas. By short - circuiting or using a high - frequency arc starter, the first electrode 3 forms a first arc 31, and an open - circuit voltage is applied to the second electrode 4 to form a second arc 41. The first arc 31 and the second arc 41 are coupled to form the coupled arc 6.

[0057] Specifically, releasing the shielding gas first and then striking the arc can provide a better protection effect on the molten pool, optimizing the heat dissipation and forming effect of the molten pool.

[0058] Optionally, when the coupled arc 6 is formed by the mutual attraction and coupling of two arcs, it includes the following steps:

[0059] Provide a first torch 1 and a second torch 2. A first electrode 3 is provided on the first torch 1, and a second electrode 4 is provided on the second torch 2.

[0060] Turn on the laser welding head. The laser welding head generates a laser beam 5 that irradiates the surface of the workpiece to be welded 10, enhancing the intensity of the laser beam 5 to reach the breakdown threshold of the air. The air around the laser beam 5 is ionized to form a plasma cloud.

[0061] Make the first torch 1 and the second torch 2 output shielding gas, and apply an open - circuit voltage to the first electrode 3 and the second electrode 4 to form a first arc 31 and a second arc 41 respectively. The first arc 31 and the second arc 41 are coupled to form the coupled arc 6.

[0062] Specifically, turn on the laser welding head to emit the laser beam 5 first and then strike the arc. The energy generated by the laser beam 5 raises the temperature of the space between the first electrode 3 and the second electrode 4, thus effectively improving the ionization efficiency of the first arc 31 and the second arc 41. The energy of the laser beam 5 is the strongest at the position of the light spot formed on the surface of the molten pool 7, facilitating the conduction of the welding current, thereby enabling an increase in the current density of the first arc 31 and the second arc 41, reducing the arc - striking difficulty, and further facilitating the popularization and application of the laser - arc coaxial composite technology.

[0063] Refer to Figure 2A laser-arc coaxial hybrid welding device provided in an embodiment of the present invention is used to implement the laser-arc coaxial hybrid welding method as described above, including multiple welding torches and a laser welding head. The multiple welding torches are arranged around the laser welding head. The welding torches are respectively provided with electrodes. The multiple electrodes are used to generate arcs toward the same side of the multiple welding torches to form coupled arcs.

[0064] The beneficial effects of the laser-arc coaxial hybrid welding device of this embodiment relative to the prior art are the same as those of the above-mentioned laser-arc coaxial hybrid welding method, which will not be described in detail here.

[0065] In this embodiment, the laser-arc coaxial hybrid welding device includes two welding torches as an example, and the two welding torches are mirror-set with the Z axis as the central axis. The first electrode 3 and the second electrode 4 are coaxially fixedly connected to the center of the bottom of the first welding torch 1 and the second welding torch 2, respectively. The arcs generated by the electrodes are ejected and diverged outward, and the first arc 31 and the second arc 41 form a circular molten pool on the surface of the workpiece 10 to be welded. The expanded molten pool 7 is formed by the partial overlap of the two circular molten pools. In other embodiments, the number of welding torches can also be three, four, or other numbers.

[0066] Reference Figure 2 Optionally, it also includes a protective cover 8 and a position adjustment device, the laser welding head is located on one side of the protective cover 8, the protective cover 8 is provided with a light-transmitting hole 81 for the laser beam 5 to pass through, the welding torch is movably installed on the side of the protective cover 8 away from the laser welding head, the electrode is fixedly connected to the welding torch, and the position adjustment device is used to drive the welding torch to move.

[0067] Specifically, the area filled with diagonal lines in the figure represents the cross section of the protective cover 8. In addition to the function of installing the welding torch, the protective cover 8 can also effectively reduce the escape of the shielding gas; the opening of the light-transmitting hole 81 can constrain the direction of the laser beam 5. The laser beam 5 is vertically emitted to the expanded molten pool 7 through the light-transmitting hole 81. If the deflection angle of the laser beam 5 is greater than the allowable error, it will be blocked by the protective cover 8 to prevent the deflection of the laser beam 5 from causing a decrease in the coaxial coupling accuracy. The position adjustment device can drive the welding torch to move relative to the protective cover 8, thereby adjusting the distance between the electrodes to be suitable for the allowable distance for generating electromagnetic forces of different current sizes. Automatically adjusting the position of the welding torch makes the operation more convenient, which makes up for the problems of low efficiency and low accuracy of manual adjustment.

[0068] In this embodiment, the protective cover 8 is a cylindrical structure, and the safety of the welding operation can be improved by filling the protective cover 8 with protective gas in advance. In other embodiments, the protective cover 8 can also be a square cylinder structure or other structures. Figure 2 The structure of the protective cover 8 is not fully shown.

[0069] Optionally, a slider 9 is slidably connected to the protective cover 8, and the welding torch is hinged to the slider 9. The protective cover 8 is provided with a slide rail 82 around the light-transmitting hole 81. The position adjustment device includes a sliding assembly and a rotating assembly. The sliding assembly is used to drive the slider 9 to slide with damping along the slide rail 82, and the rotating assembly is used to drive the welding torch to rotate.

[0070] Specifically, the welding torch is hinged to the slider 9, and a slide rail 82 for the slider 9 to slide is provided on the inner wall of the protective cover 8, so that the welding torch can move and rotate relative to the protective cover 8, thereby more flexibly adjusting the position and orientation of the electrode, so that the device can be applied to different welding scenarios. For example, the protective cover 8 is provided with a plurality of slide rails 82 around the light-transmitting hole 81, and each slide rail extends along the radial direction of the protective cover 8. Multiple welding torches can slide along the corresponding slide rails 82 through the corresponding sliders 9 to approach or move away from each other; the sliding assembly drives the slider 9 to slide with damping along the slide rail 82, and the slider 9 can stably stop at this position after the driving is stopped; the rotating assembly pushes the outer peripheral wall of the welding torch to make the welding torch rotate around the hinge axis 91 so that the welding torches approach each other further.

[0071] In this embodiment, the rotating assembly is an electric push rod. Under the driving action of the rotating assembly, the included angle between the first welding torch 1 and the second welding torch 2 is θ. The sliding assembly is a fully automatic robotic arm with rotating and lifting functions.

[0072] Optionally, a gas release device is further included, and the gas release device is used to fill the protective cover 8 with protective gas.

[0073] Specifically, the gas release device is connected to a gas source and releases protective gas into the protective cover 8 according to requirements at different stages of welding.

[0074] In this embodiment, the gas release device includes an annular air jet pipe coaxially sleeved on the outer periphery of the electrode, so that the protective gas surrounds and uniformly releases around the arc, thereby improving the coordination between the protective gas and the arc and further enhancing the protection effect.

[0075] Although the present invention is disclosed as above, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and these changes and modifications will all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A laser-arc coaxial hybrid welding method, characterized in that: include: Providing a welding torch, a laser welding head and a workpiece to be welded (10); Arrange a plurality of the welding torches around the laser welding head, each of the welding torches being provided with an electrode, and the plurality of the electrodes being used to generate an arc toward the same side of the plurality of welding torches; The relative positions of the plurality of welding torches are adjusted so that the plurality of arcs are close to each other, so that the currents attract each other and converge to form a coupled arc (6), and the molten pools formed by the various arcs on the surface of the workpiece (10) overlap with each other to form an enlarged molten pool (7); The laser beam (5) emitted by the laser welding head is coaxially combined with the coupled arc (6) to form a light spot in the center of the expanded molten pool (7), and the plurality of welding torches and the laser welding head are driven to move the expanded molten pool (7) and the light spot along the seam of the workpiece (10) to be welded to perform welding.

2. The laser-arc coaxial hybrid welding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laser welding head is controlled so that the laser beam (5) is incident vertically from directly above the center of the expanded molten pool (7).

3. The laser-arc coaxial hybrid welding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The directions of the electrodes and the distances between the electrodes are adjusted according to the magnitude of the current, so that the distances between the arcs are smaller than the maximum allowable distance for the mutual attraction generated by the currents.

4. The laser-arc coaxial hybrid welding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The welding torches are connected to the shielding gas, and during the welding process, each welding torch outputs the shielding gas simultaneously.

5. The laser-arc coaxial hybrid welding method according to claim 4, characterized in that: When the coupled electric arc (6) is formed by the mutual attraction and coupling of two electric arcs, the coupled electric arc (6) comprises the following steps: A first welding torch (1) and a second welding torch (2) are provided, wherein the first welding torch (1) is provided with a first electrode (3), and the second welding torch (2) is provided with a second electrode (4); The first welding torch (1) and the second welding torch (2) are made to output shielding gas, the first electrode (3) is made to form a first arc (31) by short-circuiting or using a high-frequency arc starter, a no-load voltage is applied to the second electrode (4) to form a second arc (41), and the first arc (31) and the second arc (41) are coupled to form the coupled arc (6).

6. The laser-arc coaxial hybrid welding method according to claim 4, characterized in that: When the coupled electric arc (6) is formed by the mutual attraction and coupling of two electric arcs, the coupled electric arc (6) comprises the following steps: A first welding torch (1) and a second welding torch (2) are provided, wherein the first welding torch (1) is provided with a first electrode (3), and the second welding torch (2) is provided with a second electrode (4); The laser welding head is turned on, and the laser welding head generates a laser beam (5) to irradiate the surface of the workpiece (10) to be welded, and the intensity of the laser beam (5) is increased to reach the breakdown threshold of the air, and the air around the laser beam (5) is ionized to form a plasma cloud; The first welding torch (1) and the second welding torch (2) are caused to output protective gas, and a no-load voltage is applied to the first electrode (3) and the second electrode (4) so ​​that the two electrodes form a first arc (31) and a second arc (41) respectively, and the first arc (31) and the second arc (41) are coupled to form the coupled arc (6).

7. A laser-arc coaxial hybrid welding device, characterized in that: A laser-arc coaxial hybrid welding method for implementing any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising a plurality of welding torches and a laser welding head, wherein the plurality of welding torches are arranged around the laser welding head, the welding torches are respectively provided with electrodes, and the plurality of electrodes are used to generate arcs toward the same side of the plurality of welding torches to form coupled arcs.

8. The laser-arc coaxial hybrid welding device according to claim 7, characterized in that: It also includes a protective cover (8) and a position adjustment device, the laser welding head is located on one side of the protective cover (8), the protective cover (8) is provided with a light-transmitting hole (81) for the laser beam (5) to pass through, the welding torch is movably mounted on a side of the protective cover (8) away from the laser welding head, the electrode is fixedly connected to the welding torch, and the position adjustment device is used to drive the welding torch to move.

9. The laser-arc coaxial hybrid welding device according to claim 8, characterized in that: A slider (9) is slidably connected to the protective cover (8), the welding torch is hinged to the slider (9), the protective cover (8) is provided with a slide rail (82) surrounding the light-transmitting hole (81), the position adjustment device comprises a sliding assembly and a rotating assembly, the sliding assembly is used to drive the slider (9) to slide along the slide rail (82) with damping, and the rotating assembly is used to drive the welding torch to rotate.

10. The laser-arc coaxial hybrid welding device according to claim 8, characterized in that: It also comprises a gas release device, which is used to fill the protective cover (8) with protective gas.

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