A strain of near-mesophytic pleurotus geesterus and its application

Abstract

The present application relates to a strain of Pleurotus pulmonarius A97 (Pleurotus pulmonarius), the preservation number is GDMCC No:65916, the fruit body stalk growth mode is nearly mesogenous, the fruit body is neat, the yield is concentrated, and the factory large-scale production mode suitable for one-time harvesting is shortened. The production cycle is shortened. High commodity value, can be used for Pleurotus pulmonarius cultivation and breeding.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of biology, specifically to a mushroom strain and its applications. Background Technology

[0002] Oyster mushroom (Pleurotus pulmonarius), also known as the phoenix tail mushroom, belongs to the class Agaricomycetes, order Agaricales, family Pleurotaceae, and genus Pleurotus. It has a delicious flavor, and its fruiting body is rich in amino acids, proteins, polysaccharides, and other nutrients and active ingredients, possessing antioxidant and anti-aging effects. Therefore, its cultivation has been increasing year by year. According to statistics from the China Edible Fungi Association, the national output of oyster mushrooms was 592,300 tons in 2021 and reached 636,700 tons in 2022, indicating a broad market prospect. However, most known varieties have gray or brown fruiting bodies, and they tend to grow in clusters. These clusters of oyster mushrooms cannot be separated, and faster-growing mushrooms inhibit the growth of smaller ones. This results in uneven fruiting (low fruiting density), multiple harvests (generally 3-4 harvests), a long production cycle (usually 90-180 days), low yield, poor resistance to yellow oyster mushroom disease, and poor stability, making them unsuitable for large-scale industrial cultivation. Furthermore, all currently cultivated oyster mushroom strains are lateral morphs, and no near-mesophytic strains have been reported. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a strain of Pleurotus pulmonarius, A97, with accession number GDMCC No:65916.

[0004] Another object of the present invention is to provide the application of the *Pleurotus ostreatus* strain of the present invention in the cultivation and breeding of *Pleurotus ostreatus*.

[0005] Unless otherwise stated, when this invention relates to percentages between liquids, the percentage is volume / volume percentage; when this invention relates to percentages between liquids and solids, the percentage is volume / weight percentage; when this invention relates to percentages between solids and liquids, the percentage is weight / volume percentage; the remainder is weight / weight percentage.

[0006] The present invention employs the following detection method:

[0007] Protein: GB 5009.5-2016 Method I; Fat: GB 5009.6-2016 Method I; Crude Polysaccharide: NY / T1676-2023; Moisture: GB 5009.4-2016 Method I;

[0008] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial technical effects of the present invention include:

[0009] 1. The *Pleurotus ostreatus* strain scientifically screened in this invention has gray fruiting bodies with good shape, smooth, non-wavy cap edges, and is distinctly solitary. After low-temperature stimulation, primordia formation is relatively uniform, resulting in neat fruiting bodies and concentrated yield. It can be cultivated on a large scale in industrial settings, with high fruiting density and the ability to be harvested in one go (conventional varieties typically require 3-4 flushes), significantly shortening the production cycle (by at least 10 days compared to existing main cultivated varieties). This can save over 60% on labor, energy, and transportation costs. Furthermore, the strain has high yield, high nutrient content, and high disease resistance. This *Pleurotus ostreatus* strain can be used for *Pleurotus ostreatus* cultivation and breeding.

[0010] 2. The fruiting body stipe attachment mode of the *Pleurotus ostreatus* strain cultivated according to this invention is near-mesomorphic, which is suitable for vertical fruiting management mode similar to industrial bottle cultivation. The picking and unloading process is carried out in a centralized whole-frame picking and unloading process. Compared with the traditional grid rack bag cultivation mode of *Pleurotus ostreatus* (each bag needs to complete the picking and unloading operation separately), it can improve the picking and unloading efficiency by at least 90%, greatly reduce the labor cost of the existing industrial fruiting management mode, and improve the efficiency of industrial production.

[0011] Preservation of biological materials

[0012] The *Pleurotus pulmonarius* strain described in this invention is named A97 and was deposited on February 19, 2025, with accession number GDMCC No: 65916. The depository is Guangdong Provincial Microbial Culture Collection Center (GDMCC), located at 5th Floor, Building 59, No. 100 Xianlie Middle Road, Guangdong Province. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 Morphology of cultivated fruiting bodies of Pleurotus ostreatus (A97);

[0014] Figure 2 Comparing the mushroom growing methods, A0-A2 uses a conventional single-bag horizontal shelf growing method; B0-B2 uses a centralized vertical growing method. Detailed Implementation

[0015] The present invention will be described below with reference to the embodiments. However, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments.

[0016] PDA medium: Boiled filtrate of 200g potatoes, 20g glucose, 15g agar, distilled water to a final volume of 1L, sterilize at 121℃ for 30min.

[0017] Wheat grain culture medium: Take wheat seeds, rinse them with clean water, and soak them in clean water for 12 hours to allow the wheat grains to absorb water and swell. Then, boil them in boiling water for 30 minutes. After the wheat grains have fully swelled and there is no white hard core inside, take them out, drain the water, and place them in a cool and ventilated place to dry the surface moisture. Mix the wheat grains and calcium sulfate at a mass ratio of 99:1 and put them into 250mL culture bottles, 200g per bottle. Tighten the caps and sterilize at 121℃ for 2 hours for later use.

[0018] The cultivation bags used in the mushroom production experiment had the following substrate formula: 20g cottonseed hulls, 28g sawdust, 18g wheat bran, 15g sugarcane bagasse, 6.5g soybean meal, 5g soybean stalks, 5g corn cobs, 2.5g lime, and 150g water. After mixing the required amounts of substrate evenly, the mixture was packed into bags to produce 1500g mushroom logs per bag (bag dimensions: 36cm × 18cm × 0.0045cm polypropylene plastic bag). The bags were then sterilized and ready for use.

[0019] Example 1: Screening of the *Pleurotus ostreatus* strain of the present invention

[0020] Fruiting bodies of *Pleurotus pulmonarius* were collected from Sichuan Xinzhongyu Agricultural Co., Ltd. Tissue from the junction of the stipe and cap of the fruiting body was extracted using a scalpel and cultured in PDA medium at 25°C in the dark for 7 days to isolate the strain. This strain was then subjected to double-single hybridization with the Sichuan Edible Fungi Research Institute's self-bred variety "Chuanxiu No. 1" (Chuanrenjun 2025024). A superior new strain with a near-mesotropic stipe bearing pattern, robust growth, concentrated yield, and suitability for industrialized cultivation management was selected and named A97 (*Pleurotus pulmonarius*). It was submitted for preservation on February 19, 2025, with accession number GDMCC No: 65916, deposited at Guangdong Provincial Microbial Culture Collection Center (GDMCC), located at 5th Floor, Building 59, No. 100 Xianlie Middle Road, Guangdong Province.

[0021] Example 2: Experimental Study on Factory-Scale Vertical Fruiting Management of the Pleurotus ostreatus Strain of the Present Invention

[0022] (1) The oyster mushroom strain A97 of Example 1 was inoculated onto PDA medium and cultured at 25°C for 7 days to obtain mycelial blocks. Vigorous mycelial blocks (2cm×2cm) were inoculated onto wheat grain medium and cultured at 25°C for 10 days to obtain oyster mushroom wheat grain spawn.

[0023] (2) Inoculate 20g of the oyster mushroom seed from step (1) into the cultivation bag used for the fruiting experiment. After sealing, culture the mycelium at 20℃ for 50-55 days. After the mycelium has fully grown the bag, place 12 bags in a frame and put them into the fruiting room for low temperature (10℃) treatment for 1 day. Raise the temperature to 28℃ to promote germination, and then lower the temperature to 20-25℃ for fruiting body cultivation. The fruiting bodies can be harvested in 4-5 days. The total cycle is 55-60 days. In the factory cultivation mode, each stick can harvest about 200g-270g of fresh mushrooms at one time.

[0024] The fruiting results showed that the fruiting bodies of A97 were brown, mostly round in shape. The cap edges of young fruiting bodies (with the cap edges rolled inward and not yet opened) were smooth and without wavy shape. They were mostly solitary, but occasionally clustered. The stipes were thick and long. The caps of mature fruiting bodies (fully mature) curved upward and backward.

[0025] The fruiting body stipe is sympodial (mesophyllary). Figure 1 Unlike the lateral-growing type of existing main cultivated oyster mushroom strains, it is suitable for vertical fruiting management models similar to industrialized bottle cultivation. Figure 2 This new method utilizes a centralized system for loading and unloading oyster mushrooms from individual frames. Compared to the traditional grid-frame bag cultivation method (where each bag requires separate loading and unloading), this method increases the efficiency of the loading and unloading process by at least 90%, significantly reducing labor costs in existing factory-style mushroom production management and improving overall production efficiency. It also fosters the development of new oyster mushroom varieties for market promotion and suitable vertical cultivation varieties for cultivation bottles or bags, thus promoting the diversified development of the oyster mushroom industry.

[0026] After low-temperature stimulation, the fruiting bodies of this strain form primordia more uniformly, resulting in neat fruiting bodies and concentrated yield. Compared with conventional lateral-growing strains, the fruiting bodies grown in vertical cultivation have better morphology, higher fruiting density, and fewer deformed mushrooms. It can be harvested in one go before full maturity and before the cap edge is fully opened, making it suitable for large-scale factory production with one-time harvesting. Moreover, the need for sorting after harvesting is low, which can reduce the labor cost of product harvesting and sorting by more than 50%.

[0027] This strain has a short production cycle (approximately 55-60 days), which is 10-15 days shorter than known varieties. In factory cultivation, each log can yield approximately 200g-270g of fresh mushrooms. Nutritional analysis of the harvested dried oyster mushrooms shows a protein content of 32.3%, a crude polysaccharide content of 4.76%, and a fat content of 0.6%. It has high commercial value.

[0028] Furthermore, no yellow mushroom disease, a typical disease of oyster mushrooms, was observed during cultivation. The strain involved in this invention exhibits good stability after multiple cultivations, with stable genetic traits and agronomical traits such as yield. It can be used for the cultivation and breeding of oyster mushrooms.

[0029] The above description of specific embodiments of the present invention does not limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications based on the present invention, and as long as they do not depart from the spirit of the present invention, they should all fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A near-mesomorphic Oyster Mushroom strain suitable for industrial cultivation ( Pleurotus pulmonarius The strain A97 was deposited at the Guangdong Provincial Microbial Culture Collection Center (GDMCC) on February 19, 2025, with accession number GDMCCNo:65916.

2. The application of the *Pleurotus ostreatus* strain as described in claim 1 in the industrialized cultivation and breeding of *Pleurotus ostreatus*.

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