Shallow-buried tunnel construction method

Abstract

The invention provides a shallow-buried tunnel construction method which is completed through a shallow-buried tunnel construction device and comprises the steps that firstly, a groove is dug in a mountain building tunnel area, and a movable trolley is placed in the groove to a set position; 2, side wall soil is compacted, specifically, a left telescopic structure drives a tunnel left wall formwork to the position where the outer contour line of the tunnel wall is located to compact the soil on the left side wall of the groove, and a right telescopic structure drives a tunnel right wall formwork to the position where the outer contour line of the tunnel wall is located to compact the soil on the right side wall of the groove; thirdly, the tunnel wall is poured; and fourthly, mountain restoration is conducted, specifically, the groove is filled with soil to cover the tunnel wall so that the mountain can be restored. The method has the advantage that the open-cut tunnel with the good anti-seepage effect can be built, and the problem that an existing shallow-buried tunnel is prone to seepage is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of bridge construction, and particularly to a construction method for a shallow-buried tunnel. Background Art

[0002] During the construction of a highway, when encountering a mountainous area, a tunnel needs to be built to pass through. When the distance between the tunnel and the top surface of the mountain is high, it is an underground excavation, that is, directly digging a hole to pass through. When the distance between the tunnel and the top surface of the mountain is low (the tunnel under this condition is called a shallow-buried tunnel), since the remaining mountain body above the tunnel top is prone to collapse, it is then an open excavation, that is, a trench is completed at the position where the tunnel is to be built in the mountain body, the tunnel peripheral wall is poured in the trench, and then the soil is filled back to cover the tunnel peripheral wall to restore the mountain body. For existing open-excavation tunnels, when the mountain body is made of soil, the tunnel is prone to the phenomenon of seepage and dripping water. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention aims to provide a construction method for a shallow-buried tunnel that can build an open-excavation tunnel with good anti-seepage effect, and solves the problem that existing shallow-buried tunnels are prone to leakage.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technology: A construction method for a shallow-buried tunnel, characterized in that it is completed by a shallow-buried tunnel construction device. The shallow-buried tunnel construction device includes a mobile trolley, a tunnel left wall formwork, and a tunnel right wall formwork. When the tunnel left wall formwork and the tunnel right wall formwork are enclosed together, they form a tunnel wall forming formwork with an outer surface contour consistent with the inner surface contour of the tunnel wall. The tunnel left side wall is connected to the mobile trolley through a left telescopic structure that extends to the left, and the tunnel right side wall is connected to the mobile trolley through a right telescopic structure that extends to the right. The process of constructing the shallow-buried tunnel is as follows: First step, dig a trench in the area of the mountain where the tunnel is to be built, and place the mobile trolley into the trench to a set position; Second step, compact the side wall soil: drive the tunnel left wall formwork to the position where the outer contour line of the tunnel wall is located through the left telescopic structure to compact the soil on the left side wall of the trench, and drive the tunnel right wall formwork to the position where the outer contour line of the tunnel wall is located through the right telescopic structure to compact the soil on the right side wall of the trench; Third step, pour the tunnel wall: drive the tunnel left wall formwork to the position where the inner contour line of the tunnel wall is located through the left telescopic structure and drive the tunnel right wall formwork to the position where the inner contour line of the tunnel wall is located through the right telescopic structure. The tunnel left wall formwork and the tunnel right wall formwork are enclosed together to form a tunnel wall forming formwork. A tunnel wall cavity is formed between the tunnel wall forming formwork and the trench wall, and concrete is poured into the tunnel wall cavity and cured to form the tunnel wall; Fourth step, restore the mountain body, fill the soil into the trench to cover the tunnel wall to restore the mountain body. In this method, the soil is compacted and then the tunnel wall is poured, so as to effectively prevent water from penetrating into the tunnel wall and play a role in strengthening anti-seepage.

[0005] Preferably, a hydraulic station is provided on the mobile trolley. Both the left telescopic structure and the right telescopic structure are hydraulic cylinders. The hydraulic station is used to control the telescopic movement of the left telescopic structure and the right telescopic structure. The layout is convenient.

[0006] Preferably, the shallow-buried tunnel construction device further includes a water-blocking cloth and a top joint filling formwork for covering the outside of the tunnel wall forming formwork. The top joint filling formwork is connected to the mobile trolley through a vertically telescopic structure that extends upward. The top joint filling formwork is used to seal the gap formed when the tunnel left wall formwork and the tunnel right wall formwork are separated. In the third step, first, the tunnel left wall formwork is driven by the left telescopic structure to a position at a set distance from the position of the inner contour line of the tunnel wall, and the tunnel right wall formwork is driven by the right telescopic structure to a position at a set distance from the position of the inner contour line of the tunnel wall. At this time, there is a top gap between the tunnel left wall formwork and the tunnel right wall formwork. The top joint filling formwork is driven by the vertically telescopic structure to penetrate into the top joint, so that the water-blocking cloth covers the tunnel left wall formwork, the top joint filling formwork, and the water-blocking cloth and the groove wall between the tunnel right wall formwork to form an outer cavity of the tunnel wall. Concrete is poured into the outer cavity of the tunnel wall and cured to form the outer layer of the tunnel wall. Then, the tunnel left wall formwork is driven by the left telescopic structure to the position of the inner contour line of the tunnel wall, and the tunnel right wall formwork is driven by the right telescopic structure to the position of the inner contour line of the tunnel wall. The tunnel left wall formwork and the tunnel right wall formwork are enclosed together to form the tunnel wall forming formwork. An inner cavity of the tunnel wall is formed between the tunnel wall forming formwork and the water-blocking cloth. Concrete is poured into the inner cavity of the tunnel wall and cured to form the inner layer of the tunnel wall. The outer layer of the tunnel wall and the inner side of the tunnel wall constitute the tunnel wall. When the tunnel wall leaks, when the water reaches the water-blocking cloth, the water cannot continue to penetrate, and then flows down along the surface of the water-blocking cloth to the bottom of the tunnel underground, so that the penetration problem of the open-cut tunnel can be effectively and reliably prevented.

[0007] Preferably, a drain pipe extending along the tunnel extension direction is provided at each end of the water-blocking cloth in the tunnel width direction. The drain pipe is used to collect the water left on the water-blocking cloth and drain the water away. It can drain the water blocked by the water-blocking cloth and prevent the water from being squeezed and causing the phenomenon of seepage and wetness from the lower end of the tunnel side wall through the bottom wall of the tunnel.

[0008] Preferably, an inlet gap extending along the extension direction of the drain pipe is provided on the drain pipe, and a filter screen is provided on the inlet gap. It can prevent concrete from entering the drain pipe during pouring and causing blockage.

[0009] Preferably, a braking mechanism for preventing the mobile trolley from shifting when the left telescopic structure and the right telescopic structure are telescoping is provided on the mobile trolley. It can prevent the mobile trolley from moving, so that the positioning of the tunnel wall can be reliably and accurately realized.

[0010] Preferably, the braking mechanism includes a vertically arranged threaded sleeve fixed to the moving trolley, a screw rod threadedly connected to the threaded sleeve of the vertical shaft, and a screw rod rotating mechanism for driving the rotation of the screw rod. A drill bit is provided at the lower end of the screw rod. During use, the screw rod selection mechanism drives the screw rod to rotate, thereby driving it into the bottom wall of the groove to prevent the moving trolley from moving.

[0011] Preferably, the screw rod rotating mechanism includes a rotating sleeve threadedly connected to the screw rod and a rotating mechanism for only driving the rotation of the rotating sleeve. During use, the rotation of the rotating sleeve drives the lifting of the screw rod.

[0012] Preferably, the rotating mechanism includes a vertically arranged driving motor, a rotating disk fixed to the power output shaft of the driving motor, and a driving rod with its upper end fixed to the rotating disk. The lower end of the driving rod is fixed together with the rotating sleeve, and the screw rod and the output shaft of the driving motor are coaxial. A specific technical solution of the rotating mechanism is provided.

[0013] Preferably, the lower end of the driving rod penetrates through the rotating sleeve, and upper and lower clamping nuts are threadedly connected to the driving rod. The upper and lower clamping nuts clamp the rotating sleeve to fix the driving rod to the rotating sleeve. A technical solution for the fixed connection between the driving rod and the rotating sleeve is provided.

[0014] Beneficial effects: It can be used to construct a shallow-buried tunnel with good anti-seepage effect in construction. Description of the Drawings

[0015] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the contour of the shallow-buried tunnel; Figure 2 Schematic diagram when the present invention is placed in the groove; Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 4 Schematic diagram when the side plate of the groove is compacted; Figure 5 Schematic diagram when the outer layer of the tunnel is poured; Figure 6 For Figure 5 Partial enlarged schematic diagram at point A of Figure 7 Schematic diagram when the inner layer of the tunnel is poured; Figure 8 Schematic diagram after the mountain body is restored; Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the poured shallow-buried tunnel.

[0016] In the figure: tunnel left wall formwork 1, tunnel right side formwork 2, tunnel wall 3, tunnel wall forming formwork 4, moving trolley 5, water retaining cloth 7, top joint filling formwork 8, vertical expansion structure 9, left expansion structure 10, right expansion structure 11, drain pipe 12, filter screen 13, vertically arranged threaded sleeve 14, screw rod 15, drill bit 16, rotating sleeve 17, driving motor 18, rotating disc 19, driving rod 20, upper clamping nut 21, lower clamping nut 22, mountain body 23, groove 24, outer contour line of tunnel wall 25, inner contour line of tunnel wall 26, soil 28, outer layer of tunnel wall 29, inner layer of tunnel wall 30, tunnel bottom wall 31. Detailed implementation manners

[0017] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0018] See Figures 1 to 9, a shallow-buried tunnel construction method, which is completed by a shallow-buried tunnel construction device. The shallow-buried tunnel construction device includes a tunnel left wall formwork 1 and a tunnel right side formwork 2. When the tunnel left wall formwork and the tunnel right side formwork are enclosed together, a tunnel wall forming formwork 4 with an outer surface contour consistent with the inner surface contour of the tunnel wall 3 is formed. It also includes a mobile trolley 5, a water-blocking cloth 7 used to cover the outside of the tunnel wall forming formwork, and a top joint filling formwork 8. The top joint filling formwork is connected to the mobile trolley through a vertically telescopic structure 9 that extends upward. The left tunnel wall is connected to the mobile trolley through a left telescopic structure 10 that extends leftward. The right tunnel wall is connected to the mobile trolley through a right telescopic structure 11 that extends rightward. A hydraulic station is provided on the mobile trolley. The left telescopic structure, the right telescopic structure, and the vertical telescopic structure are all hydraulic cylinders. The hydraulic station is used to control the telescoping of the left telescopic structure, the right telescopic structure, and the vertical telescopic structure. The top joint filling formwork is used to seal the gap formed when the tunnel left wall formwork and the tunnel right side formwork are separated. A drain pipe 12 extending along the tunnel extension direction is provided at each end of the water-blocking cloth in the tunnel width direction. The drain pipe is used to collect the water left on the water-blocking cloth and drain the water away. An inlet gap extending along the drain pipe extension direction is provided on the drain pipe, and a filter screen 13 is provided on the inlet gap. A braking mechanism is provided on the mobile trolley to prevent the mobile trolley from shifting when the left telescopic structure and the right telescopic structure are telescoping. The braking mechanism includes a vertically arranged threaded sleeve 14 fixed on the mobile trolley, a screw rod 15 threadedly connected in the vertical threaded sleeve, and a screw rod rotating mechanism for driving the screw rod to rotate. A drill bit 16 is provided at the lower end of the screw rod. During use, the screw rod selection mechanism drives the screw rod to rotate, so as to drive it into the bottom wall of the groove to prevent the mobile trolley from moving. The screw rod rotating mechanism includes a rotating sleeve 17 threadedly connected to the screw rod and a rotating mechanism for only driving the rotating sleeve to rotate. During use, the screw rod is driven to lift and lower through the rotation of the rotating sleeve. The rotating mechanism includes a vertically arranged driving motor 18, a rotating disk 19 fixed on the power output shaft of the driving motor, and a driving rod 20 with its upper end fixed on the rotating disk. The lower end of the driving rod is fixed to the rotating sleeve. The screw rod and the output shaft of the driving motor are coaxial. The lower end of the driving rod penetrates through the rotating sleeve, and an upper clamping nut 21 and a lower clamping nut 22 are threadedly connected to the driving rod. The upper clamping nut and the lower clamping nut clamp the rotating sleeve to fix the driving rod to the rotating sleeve. The process of constructing a shallow-buried tunnel by the present invention is as follows: First step, dig a trench 24 in the area of the mountain body 23 where the tunnel is to be built, and place the mobile trolley into the trench to the set position; Second step, compact the sidewall soil: drive the left tunnel wall formwork to the position where the outer contour line of the tunnel wall is located by the left telescopic structure to compact the soil on the left sidewall of the trench, and drive the right tunnel wall formwork to the position where the outer contour line 25 of the tunnel wall is located by the right telescopic structure to compact the soil on the right sidewall of the trench; Third step, pour the tunnel wall: drive the left tunnel wall formwork to the position where the inner contour line 26 of the tunnel wall is located by the left telescopic structure and drive the right tunnel wall formwork to the position where the inner contour line of the tunnel wall is located by the right telescopic structure. The left tunnel wall formwork and the right tunnel wall formwork enclose together to form a tunnel wall forming formwork. A tunnel wall cavity is formed between the tunnel wall forming formwork and the trench wall. Pour concrete into the tunnel wall cavity and solidify it to form the tunnel wall; Fourth step, restore the mountain body, fill the trench with soil 28 to cover the tunnel wall to restore the mountain body.

[0019] Specifically, in the third step, first drive the left tunnel wall formwork to a position at a set distance from the position where the inner contour line of the tunnel wall is located by the left telescopic structure and drive the right tunnel wall formwork to a position at a set distance from the position where the inner contour line of the tunnel wall is located by the right telescopic structure. At this time, there is a top gap between the left tunnel wall formwork and the right tunnel wall formwork. Drive the top gap filling formwork into the top gap through the vertical telescopic structure, so that the water blocking cloth covers between the left tunnel wall formwork, the top gap filling formwork and the water blocking cloth of the right tunnel sidewall formwork and the trench wall to form an outer tunnel wall cavity. Pour concrete into the outer tunnel wall cavity and solidify it to form the outer tunnel wall layer 29; Then drive the left tunnel wall formwork to the position where the inner contour line of the tunnel wall is located by the left telescopic structure and drive the right tunnel wall formwork to the position where the inner contour line of the tunnel wall is located by the right telescopic structure. The left tunnel wall formwork and the right tunnel wall formwork enclose together to form a tunnel wall forming formwork. A tunnel wall inner cavity is formed between the tunnel wall forming formwork and the water blocking cloth. Pour concrete into the tunnel wall inner cavity and solidify it to form the inner tunnel wall layer 30. The outer tunnel wall layer and the inner tunnel wall layer constitute the tunnel wall. Remove the shallow-buried tunnel construction device and pour the tunnel bottom wall 31 inside.

[0020] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprising", "including" or any other variant thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article or device comprising a series of elements not only includes those elements but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. Without further limitation, an element limited by the statement "comprising an..." does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article or device comprising the element.

[0021] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A shallow tunnel construction method, characterized in that: The shallow tunnel construction is completed by a shallow tunnel construction device, which includes a mobile trolley, a tunnel left wall template and a tunnel right wall template. When the tunnel left wall template and the tunnel right wall template are enclosed together, a tunnel wall forming template with an outer surface contour consistent with the inner surface contour of the tunnel wall is formed. The left side wall of the tunnel is connected to the mobile trolley through a left telescopic structure that telescopes to the left, and the right side wall of the tunnel is connected to the mobile trolley through a right telescopic structure that telescopes to the right. The process of shallow tunnel construction is as follows: the first step is to dig a trench in the area of ​​the mountain construction tunnel and place the mobile trolley in the trench to a set position; the second step is to compact the side wall soil: through The left wall template of the tunnel is driven to the position of the outer contour line of the tunnel wall by the left telescopic structure to compact the soil on the left wall of the trench, and the right wall template of the tunnel is driven to the position of the outer contour line of the tunnel wall by the right telescopic structure to compact the soil on the right wall of the trench; the third step is to cast the tunnel wall: the left wall template of the tunnel is driven to the position of the inner contour line of the tunnel wall by the left telescopic structure and the right wall template of the tunnel is driven to the position of the inner contour line of the tunnel wall by the right telescopic structure, the left wall template of the tunnel and the right wall template of the tunnel are enclosed together to form a tunnel wall forming template, a tunnel wall cavity is formed between the tunnel wall forming template and the trench wall, and concrete is poured into the tunnel wall cavity and solidified to form the tunnel wall; The fourth step is to restore the mountain by filling soil into the trench to cover the tunnel wall to restore the mountain.

2. A shallow tunnel construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mobile trolley is provided with a hydraulic station, the left telescopic structure and the right telescopic structure are both hydraulic cylinders, and the hydraulic station is used to control the telescopic movement of the left telescopic structure and the right telescopic structure.

3. A shallow tunnel construction method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The shallow buried tunnel construction device also includes a water retaining cloth and a top seam filling template for covering the outside of the tunnel wall forming template, the top seam filling template is connected to the mobile trolley through a vertical telescopic structure that telescopes upward, and the top seam filling template is used to close the gap formed when the tunnel left wall template and the tunnel right wall template are separated; In the third step, the left wall template of the tunnel is first driven to a position at a set distance from the position of the inner contour line of the tunnel wall by the left telescopic structure, and the right wall template of the tunnel is driven to a position at a set distance from the position of the inner contour line of the tunnel wall by the right telescopic structure. At this time, the top gap exists between the left wall template of the tunnel and the right wall template of the tunnel. The top seam filling template is driven to penetrate into the top seam by the vertical telescopic structure, so that the water retaining cloth is covered on the left wall template of the tunnel, the top seam filling template and the right wall template of the tunnel, and the water retaining cloth and the groove wall form a tunnel wall outer layer cavity, and concrete is poured into the tunnel wall outer layer cavity to solidify to form the tunnel wall outer layer; then the left wall template of the tunnel is driven to the position of the inner contour line of the tunnel wall by the left telescopic structure, and the right wall template of the tunnel is driven to the position of the inner contour line of the tunnel wall by the right telescopic structure, and the left wall template of the tunnel and the right wall template of the tunnel are enclosed together to form a tunnel wall forming template, and a tunnel wall inner layer cavity is formed between the tunnel wall forming template and the water retaining cloth, and concrete is poured into the tunnel wall inner layer cavity to solidify to form the tunnel wall inner layer, and the tunnel wall outer layer and the inner side of the tunnel wall constitute the tunnel wall.

4. A shallow tunnel construction method according to claim 3, characterized in that: A drainage pipe extending along the extension direction of the tunnel is respectively provided at both ends of the water retaining cloth in the tunnel width direction. The drainage pipe is used to collect the water left on the water retaining cloth and drain the water away.

5. A shallow tunnel construction method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The drain pipe is provided with a water inlet gap extending along the extension direction of the drain pipe, and a filter net is provided on the water inlet gap.

6. A shallow tunnel construction method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The movable trolley is provided with a braking mechanism for preventing the movable trolley from shifting when the left telescopic structure and the right telescopic structure are telescoped.

7. A shallow tunnel construction method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The braking mechanism comprises a vertical threaded sleeve fixed on the mobile trolley, a screw threadedly connected in the vertical axis threaded sleeve and a screw rotating mechanism for driving the screw to rotate, and a drill bit is arranged at the lower end of the screw.

8. A shallow tunnel construction method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The screw rotating mechanism comprises a rotating sleeve threadedly connected to the screw and a rotating mechanism that only drives the rotating sleeve to rotate.

9. A shallow tunnel construction method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The rotating mechanism includes a vertical driving motor, a rotating disk fixedly connected to the power output shaft of the driving motor and a driving rod with the upper end fixed to the rotating disk. The lower end of the driving rod is fixed to the rotating sleeve, and the screw rod is coaxial with the output shaft of the driving motor.

10. A shallow tunnel construction method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The lower end of the driving rod passes through the rotating sleeve. The driving rod is threadedly connected with an upper clamping nut and a lower clamping nut. The upper clamping nut and the lower clamping nut clamp the rotating sleeve to fix the driving rod and the rotating sleeve together.

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