A flame-retardant and antibacterial polyamide fabric and its preparation method

Abstract

This invention discloses a flame-retardant and antibacterial polyamide fabric and its preparation method. The flame-retardant and antibacterial polyamide fabric comprises a skin-friendly inner layer and an outer nylon fabric. The cooling composite fiber used in the skin-friendly inner layer enhances the fabric's cooling coefficient and also contributes to its flame-retardant properties. The outer nylon fabric uses antibacterial fibers containing a composite nano-antibacterial agent and flame retardant B. This component enhances the overall antibacterial and flame-retardant effects of the fabric. Finally, an antibacterial gel layer is attached to the surface of the outer nylon fabric, which also has antibacterial properties. The nylon fabric of this invention has excellent antibacterial and flame-retardant properties, especially in the summer when sweating is common. It can absorb moisture and dry quickly, maintain a cool feeling, reduce the possibility of bacterial growth, and also has a good flame-retardant effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of flame-retardant polymer material preparation technology, specifically to a flame-retardant and antibacterial polyamide fabric and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Clothing is one of the necessities of life. Currently, clothing is mainly made by sewing fabrics. With technological advancements, fabrics have become increasingly diverse in type and function, evolving from their initial purpose of providing warmth to include breathability, waterproofing, and antibacterial properties. Fabrics are woven, and with the continuous development and improvement of textile knowledge and disciplines, especially with the emergence of nonwoven textile materials and three-dimensional composite weaving technologies, it has expanded beyond traditional hand spinning and weaving to include nonwoven fabric technology, modern three-dimensional weaving technology, and modern electrostatic nanofiber web technology, producing clothing, industrial, and decorative textiles. Therefore, modern textiles refer to a multi-scale structural processing technology for fibers or fiber assemblies.

[0003] In existing technologies, fabrics are easily torn and damaged, and since bedding and clothing are generally worn close to the skin, bacteria and impurities in the environment can easily adhere to the fabric and affect human health. Furthermore, in the hot summer, the production and residue of sweat easily promote bacterial growth, significantly reducing wearing comfort. Therefore, people's demands for the cooling effect of fabrics are increasing, and fibers and textiles with cooling properties have gradually become a research hotspot in the chemical fiber industry, and are rapidly developing and expanding.

[0004] In view of this, we disclose a flame-retardant and antibacterial polyamide fabric and its preparation method. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the present invention aims to provide a flame-retardant and antibacterial polyamide fabric and its preparation method. The cooling fibers used give the skin-friendly inner fabric a good cooling sensation upon contact, reducing the production of sweat. The outer nylon (polyamide) fabric has excellent antibacterial properties and flame-retardant effects, effectively reducing bacterial growth. The excellent flame-retardant properties also provide a certain degree of protection.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention proposes the following technical solution:

[0007] A flame-retardant and antibacterial polyamide fabric includes a skin-friendly inner layer and an outer nylon fabric, wherein the skin-friendly inner layer and the outer nylon fabric are connected and fixed by photocatalytic fibers.

[0008] The skin-friendly inner layer fabric is woven from nylon fibers and cooling composite fibers. The cooling composite fibers are a blend of 50%-60% cooling fibers, 20-30% quick-drying nylon fibers, and 10%-30% polylactic acid fibers, with an S-twist direction.

[0009] The cooling fiber is prepared by uniformly mixing 75-85 parts of polyamide masterbatch, 3-5 parts of mica, 3-5 parts of jade powder, 3-5 parts of pearl powder, 3-5 parts of flame retardant A, and 3-5 parts of food-grade xylitol, and then by a spinning process.

[0010] The outer nylon fabric is woven from nylon fibers and antibacterial fibers, with the nylon fiber content being 70% and the antibacterial fiber content being 30%.

[0011] The outer nylon fabric has an antibacterial gel layer attached to its surface; the antibacterial fiber is made from the following raw materials in the following percentages through blending, extrusion, and melt spinning:

[0012] 100 parts of polyamide masterbatch;

[0013] 10-15 parts of composite nano antibacterial agent;

[0014] Flame retardant B: 5-11 parts;

[0015] 1-5 parts of siloxane-modified chitosan.

[0016] Based on the above scheme and as a preferred embodiment of the above scheme, the flame retardant A is a hydrophilic flame retardant copolyester.

[0017] Based on the above scheme and as a preferred embodiment of the above scheme, the hydrophilic flame retardant copolyester is polymerized by hydrothermal method with 2-carboxyethylphenyl hypophosphite and ethylene glycol under nitrogen protection and the addition of terminal hydroxyl siloxane.

[0018] Based on the above scheme and as a preferred embodiment of the above scheme, the antibacterial gel layer material is antibacterial xylitol gel.

[0019] Based on the above scheme and as a preferred embodiment of the above scheme, the composite nano antibacterial agent is leaf-shaped silver-based bismuth vanadate.

[0020] Based on the above scheme and as a preferred embodiment of the above scheme, the flame retardant B is a cyanide DOPO-based flame retardant.

[0021] Based on the above scheme and as a preferred embodiment of the above scheme, the siloxane-modified chitosan is obtained by impregnating chitosan with a 1.2-1.8wt% siloxane coupling agent solution and then drying it; the siloxane coupling agent is one of KH-550, KH-560, KH-570, and KH-580.

[0022] Based on the above scheme and as a preferred embodiment of the above scheme, the preparation method of the flame-retardant and antibacterial polyamide fabric includes the following steps:

[0023] S1, Skin-friendly inner fabric treatment

[0024] The skin-friendly inner layer fabric is obtained by sequentially undergoing air plasma etching, cooling finishing, and softening shaping.

[0025] S2, outer nylon fabric treatment

[0026] An impregnation process is used to coat the surface of the outer nylon fabric with an antibacterial gel layer, followed by a shaping and softening treatment to obtain the outer fabric.

[0027] S3, Fabric quilting fixation

[0028] The skin-friendly inner fabric and the outer nylon fabric are quilted with cooling fibers and then sewn together to form a whole, resulting in a flame-retardant and antibacterial polyamide fabric.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0030] This invention discloses a flame-retardant and antibacterial polyamide fabric and its preparation method. The flame-retardant and antibacterial polyamide fabric comprises a skin-friendly inner layer and an outer nylon fabric. The cooling composite fiber used in the skin-friendly inner layer enhances the fabric's cooling coefficient and also contributes to its flame-retardant properties. The outer nylon fabric uses antibacterial fibers containing a composite nano-antibacterial agent and flame retardant B. This component enhances the overall antibacterial and flame-retardant effects of the fabric. Finally, the antibacterial gel layer attached to the surface of the outer nylon fabric also has antibacterial properties. The nylon fabric of this invention exhibits excellent antibacterial and flame-retardant properties, especially in the summer when sweating is common. It can absorb moisture and dry quickly, maintain a cool feeling, reduce the possibility of bacterial growth, and also has a good flame-retardant effect.

[0031] It should be understood that all combinations of the foregoing concepts and the additional concepts described in more detail below can be considered part of the subject matter disclosure of the present invention, provided that such concepts do not contradict each other.

[0032] The foregoing and other aspects, embodiments, and features of the teachings of this invention will be more fully understood from the following description. Other additional aspects of the invention, such as features and / or beneficial effects of exemplary embodiments, will become apparent from the following description or may be learned through practice of specific embodiments according to the teachings of this invention. Attached Figure Description

[0033] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0034] Figure 1 This is a process flow diagram of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2This is a scanning electron microscope image of the composite nano-antibacterial agent of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0036] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the described embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used herein should have the ordinary meaning understood by those skilled in the art to which this invention pertains.

[0037] Unless otherwise specified, the test methods or experimental methods described in the following examples / comparative examples are conventional methods; unless otherwise specified, the reagents and materials are obtained from conventional commercial sources or prepared by conventional methods.

[0038] To better meet consumers' demands for comfort, coolness, and antibacterial properties in clothing fabrics, this invention focuses on developing a flame-retardant and antibacterial polyamide fabric and its preparation method. The aim is to achieve cool and comfortable wear, reduce sweating frequency, decrease bacterial growth, and provide antibacterial and flame-retardant properties. It should be further noted that the polyamide masterbatch involved in this invention was purchased from Jiangsu Haiyang Chemical Fiber Co., Ltd., and all polyamide masterbatches were dried in a vacuum oven at 120°C for 24 hours before use.

[0039] Furthermore, the flame retardant A is a hydrophilic flame-retardant copolyester. This hydrophilic flame-retardant copolyester is produced by using terephthalic acid as a raw material, followed by the addition of terminal hydroxyl siloxanes to 2-carboxyethylphenyl hypophosphite and ethylene glycol in a molar ratio of (1.1-1.3):1 under nitrogen protection, and then polymerizing the mixture using a hydrothermal method.

[0040] First, the raw materials are premixed by stirring 2-carboxyethylphenyl hypophosphite and ethylene glycol under nitrogen protection at 95-100℃ for 1-3 hours. Then, terminal hydroxyl siloxane is added dropwise, and stirring continues at the same speed for 0.5-1 hours in an environment with water as a catalyst to obtain a homogeneous material. Finally, the homogeneous material is added to a reactor. Then, terephthalic acid and antimony trioxide catalyst are weighed according to the formula and added to the reactor. After stirring under a nitrogen atmosphere for 0.1-0.5 hours, the nitrogen source is turned off, and the reaction is carried out at 225-230℃ and 0.1-0.5MPa for 0.5-6 hours. Then, a slow vacuum is drawn to carry out the polycondensation reaction. The heating and depressurization process is completed within 30-45 minutes to achieve the target conditions: 255-275℃ and a vacuum degree below 50Pa. After the reaction is completed, nitrogen is introduced, stirring is stopped, and the product is taken out to obtain a hydrophilic flame-retardant copolyester. The molar ratio of terephthalic acid to ethylene glycol is 1:(1.37-1.45).

[0041] Then, 75-85 parts of polyamide masterbatch, 3-5 parts of mica, 3-5 parts of jade powder, 3-5 parts of pearl powder, 3-5 parts of flame retardant A, and 3-5 parts of food-grade xylitol are mixed evenly, and finally, a cooling fiber is prepared by spinning. Preferably, the cooling fiber has a W-shaped cross-section. The irregular cross-section fiber has certain moisture absorption properties. The addition of mineral powders such as mica, jade powder, and pearl powder gives the fiber a cooling effect upon contact, thereby reducing the possibility of sweating. The addition of food-grade xylitol in the polyamide masterbatch system, due to its polyol structure, exhibits similar compatibility from a molecular polarity perspective, which helps in the dispersion of additives and thus enhances the stability of the system. Furthermore, xylitol has been proven to be an effective component in designing multifunctional wound dressing hydrogels, capable of inhibiting the growth of various bacteria and preventing biofilm formation. The hydrophilic flame-retardant copolyester not only has sweat-absorbing properties but also flame-retardant functions.

[0042] Furthermore, the antibacterial gel layer is made of antibacterial xylitol gel. Specifically, it is prepared by impregnating the outer nylon fabric surface with an antibacterial gel layer through an impregnation process. The specific preparation method of the antibacterial xylitol gel is as follows:

[0043] First, the outer nylon fabric is ultrasonically soaked in a 1.2-1.8 wt% siloxane coupling agent solution, and then dried in a forced-air dryer at 60°C to obtain a pretreated outer nylon fabric. Simultaneously, xylitol acrylic monomer is prepared. Xylitol acrylic monomer is formed by the esterification reaction of xylitol and acrylate. Specifically, a 60-67 wt% xylitol aqueous solution is added to a round-bottom flask, followed by the sequential addition of 4-dimethylaminopyridine, 1-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride, and acrylate. The molar ratio of 4-dimethylaminopyridine, 1-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride, acrylate, and xylitol is (1.13-1.52):1:1:1. After complete addition of the materials, the mixture is stirred at 360-850 rpm at room temperature for 24-36 hours. The final solution is a pale yellow transparent liquid. Calculations show that xylitol has a degree of acrylic acidity of 81-85%. Acrylates, acrylamide, xylitol acrylic monomer, N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide, and deionized water are mixed in a molar ratio of 1:1:1:2:10 to obtain the initial gel liquid. The water content of the initial gel liquid is maintained above 60%. Then, 1 / 10 of the molar amount of xylitol acrylic monomer is added as a photoinitiator, 2-hydroxy-4'-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-2-methylpropenone, to obtain an antibacterial xylitol gel.

[0044] An antibacterial xylitol gel was prepared as a 28-32 wt% aqueous solution. The pretreated outer nylon fabric was then immersed in the solution for 8-12 hours, followed by irradiation with ultraviolet light (365 nm, 30 W) for 1-1.5 hours. The outer nylon fabric was then soaked in deionized water for 12 hours to remove impurities. An antibacterial gel layer was thus obtained on the outer surface of the outer nylon fabric.

[0045] A siloxane coupling agent is ultrasonically treated on the outer nylon fabric to facilitate interfacial adhesion of acrylate groups. Subsequently, xylitol and acrylate undergo an esterification reaction to form xylitol acrylic monomers. The outer nylon fabric is then immersed in a xylitol hydrogel prepolymerization solution, which includes monomers, crosslinking agents, photoinitiators, and deionized water. Under ultraviolet irradiation, the unsaturated double bonds between the monomers and the substrate surface undergo an interfacial polymerization reaction to form covalent bonds, thereby forming an antibacterial xylitol hydrogel layer. Impurities in the hydrogel are easily removed with deionized water. The addition of xylitol itself possesses certain antibacterial properties, and the formation of the antibacterial gel layer system enhances these properties, thereby strengthening the antibacterial effect of the system.

[0046] Furthermore, the composite nano-antibacterial agent is leaf-shaped silver-based bismuth vanadate. Its preparation method is as follows:

[0047] First, referring to the literature by Zhao W. et al., the prepared leaf-shaped BiVO4 was dispersed in deionized water under ultrasonic conditions. After 10 min, AgNO3 was added to the dispersion, and the mixture was stirred in the dark for 30 min to obtain a dispersion with a molar ratio of leaf-shaped BiVO4 to AgNO3 of 1:1.2. Then, 0.4 times the amount of leaf-shaped BiVO4 used in the Na3VO4·12H2O aqueous solution was added dropwise, and the mixture was stirred in the dark for another 3 h. After the reaction was completed, the solution was washed three times with deionized water and three times with anhydrous ethanol, and dried to obtain a composite nano-antibacterial agent with photocatalytic effect, the morphology of which is as follows. Figure 2 As shown, leaf-shaped BiVO4 has a leaf-like morphology, and the silver-based material has nanorods or particles, thus forming a leaf-shaped composite structure composed of nanoparticles, namely leaf-shaped silver-based bismuth vanadate.

[0048] This composite nano-antibacterial agent, utilizing silver and bismuth vanadate, exhibits excellent photocatalytic antibacterial properties. Under light irradiation, the heterogeneous, leaf-like structure of the silver-based bismuth vanadate effectively separates holes and electrons. The large amount of reactive oxygen species generated instantaneously upon light exposure is sufficient to kill two types of bacteria. Tests have shown that its antibacterial rate exceeds 95%. Furthermore, in the absence of light, the composite nano-antibacterial agent demonstrates an antibacterial rate exceeding 90% against *Escherichia coli*, *Staphylococcus aureus*, and *Candida albicans*. The addition of silver alone also contributes to its antibacterial activity. Therefore, regardless of the presence or absence of ambient light, the antibacterial effect provided by this composite nano-antibacterial agent is highly potent.

[0049] Furthermore, the flame retardant B is a cyanide DOPO-based flame retardant. In flame retardant research, halogen-free and highly efficient 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide (DOPO) has attracted considerable research interest in flame retardant applications, and its highly active pH bonds can derive a variety of highly efficient flame retardants. To better suit the flame retardancy of nylon fabrics, we synthesized a cyanide DOPO-based flame retardant with superior compatibility with matrix particles and high-temperature resistance. The preparation method of the cyanide DOPO-based flame retardant is as follows:

[0050] p-Cyanobenzaldehyde and 2-aminobenzimidazole were placed in anhydrous ethanol at a 1:1 molar ratio. The solid raw materials were pre-dissolved by immersing them in anhydrous ethanol, resulting in a volume of V. Then, nine times the volume of anhydrous ethanol (enough to submerge the solid raw materials) was added, bringing the total volume of anhydrous ethanol in the container to 10 times the volume of anhydrous ethanol used to submerge the solid raw materials, i.e., 10V. This solution was placed in a three-necked flask, and 1 / 6V of glacial acetic acid was slowly added. After the addition was complete, the solution was heated to 70-80°C and refluxed under magnetic stirring for 18-24 hours, followed by natural cooling. Deionized water was added to the three-necked flask, and after precipitation, filtration, and drying at 60-80°C, a yellow product was obtained and weighed. The yellow product was then dispersed in a three-necked flask containing 10V of ethanol, and an ethanol solution containing an equal mass of the yellow product (approximately 20V) of DOPO was added. The mixed solution was heated to 70-80°C and refluxed for 3-8 hours, resulting in the precipitation of a white precipitate. After filtration, alcohol washing, and vacuum drying at 60℃ for 10-15 hours, cyano-DOPO-based flame retardant was obtained with a yield of 91-93%. p-Cyanobenzaldehyde, 2-aminobenzimidazole, and DOPO were all purchased from Shanghai Aladdin Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd.

[0051] While DOPO is a preferred flame retardant, its chemical bond energy is low during heating, especially the PC and PO bonds, which are prone to breakage. Cyanide-based DOPO flame retardants improve overall stability by introducing electron-deficient nitrogen-containing heat-resistant groups; furthermore, the introduction of cyano and imidazole rings protects the PC and PO bonds. Moreover, within the polyamide processing temperature range, cyanide-based DOPO flame retardants exhibit good compatibility and dispersibility with polyamide masterbatches. In the event of a fire at high temperatures, the cyano groups in the cyanide-based DOPO flame retardant undergo a trimerization reaction, forming triazine rings that increase polymer melt viscosity. Adding cyanide-containing flame retardants imparts good anti-dripping properties to the matrix. Furthermore, during combustion, the generated triazine rings decompose and release non-flammable gases such as ammonia, thereby reducing the concentration of flammable gases and enhancing the gas-phase flame retardant effect.

[0052] Furthermore, the antibacterial fiber is made from the following raw materials through blending extrusion and melt spinning:

[0053] 100 parts of polyamide masterbatch;

[0054] 10-15 parts of composite nano antibacterial agent;

[0055] Flame retardant B: 5-11 parts;

[0056] 1-5 parts of siloxane-modified chitosan.

[0057] Specifically, polyamide masterbatch, composite nano-antibacterial agent, flame retardant B, and siloxane-modified chitosan are placed in a high-speed blender and mixed evenly. The resulting mixture is then extruded and granulated using a micro twin-screw extruder at 240℃ and 100rpm, repeated three times. The temperatures of the first, second, third, and fourth zones are 210℃, 215℃, 225℃, and 230℃, respectively. Antibacterial fibers are then obtained through melt spinning at a speed of 850-950m / min.

[0058] Performance testing

[0059] Antibacterial performance test

[0060] Antibacterial properties were tested according to FZ / T 73023-2006 "Antibacterial Knitted Fabrics", and standard test samples were prepared to determine the antibacterial rate (%).

[0061] Cooling coefficient test

[0062] The contact drying coefficient of the fabric was tested according to the method in "FZ / T 62042-2020 Cooling Fabric Bedding", with the unit being J / cm. 2 –s; and after 10 complete washing cycles using simplified washing conditions and procedures, the fabric's contact cooling coefficient is [value missing].

[0063] Flame retardant performance test

[0064] The flame retardant properties of flame-retardant and antibacterial polyamide fabrics were evaluated according to GB / T5455-2014 "Determination of Vertical Destruction Length, Afterflame and Afterflame Time of Burning Performance of Textiles". Afterflame time, afterflame time, and destruction length were used to assess the flame retardant performance. All obtained indicators are averages of three samples. Example 1

[0065] A flame-retardant and antibacterial polyamide fabric includes a skin-friendly inner layer and an outer nylon fabric, wherein the skin-friendly inner layer and the outer nylon fabric are connected and fixed by photocatalytic fibers.

[0066] The skin-friendly inner layer fabric is woven from nylon fibers and cooling composite fibers. The cooling composite fibers are a blend of 55% cooling fibers, 25% quick-drying nylon fibers, and 20% polylactic acid fibers, with an S-twist direction.

[0067] The cooling fiber is made by uniformly mixing 80 parts polyamide masterbatch, 4 parts mica, 4 parts jade powder, 4 parts pearl powder, 4 parts flame retardant A, and 4 parts food-grade xylitol, and then preparing it through a spinning process.

[0068] The outer nylon fabric is woven from nylon fibers and antibacterial fibers, with the nylon fiber content being 70% and the antibacterial fiber content being 30%.

[0069] The outer nylon fabric has an antibacterial gel layer attached to its surface; the antibacterial fiber is made from the following raw materials in the following percentages through blending, extrusion, and melt spinning:

[0070] 100 parts of polyamide masterbatch;

[0071] 13 parts of composite nano antibacterial agent;

[0072] Flame retardant B, 8 parts;

[0073] Three parts of siloxane-modified chitosan.

[0074] Furthermore, the flame retardant A is a hydrophilic flame-retardant copolyester. Specifically, the hydrophilic flame-retardant copolyester is polymerized by hydrothermal polymerization of 2-carboxyethylphenyl hypophosphite and ethylene glycol under nitrogen protection with the addition of a terminal hydroxyl siloxane.

[0075] Furthermore, the antibacterial gel layer is made of antibacterial xylitol gel.

[0076] Furthermore, the composite nano-antibacterial agent is leaf-shaped silver-based bismuth vanadate.

[0077] Furthermore, the flame retardant B is a cyanide DOPO-based flame retardant.

[0078] Furthermore, the siloxane-alkylated chitosan is obtained by impregnating chitosan with a 1.5wt% siloxane coupling agent solution and then drying it; preferably, the siloxane coupling agent is KH-560.

[0079] Furthermore, the preparation method of the flame-retardant and antibacterial polyamide fabric includes the following steps:

[0080] S1, Skin-friendly inner fabric treatment

[0081] The process involves air plasma etching, cooling finishing, and smoothing setting.

[0082] Air plasma etching uses air plasma to etch the skin-friendly inner layer fabric. The etching output power is 150-300W and the processing time is 1-3 minutes.

[0083] After selecting a cooling agent, it is applied to the skin-friendly inner layer fabric using a padding method. This invention preferably uses the cooling finishing agent KND-LG30 to perform a two-dip, two-pad treatment on the skin-friendly inner layer fabric. The parameters of the two-dip, two-pad treatment process are as follows:

[0084] The liquor ratio is 1:15-1:30;

[0085] The pH value of the bath solution is 5.5-6.5;

[0086] The processing temperature is 30-40℃;

[0087] The bath liquid contains a cooling finishing agent of 20-50 g / L, a crosslinking agent of citric acid of 10-0 g / L, and a penetrant of T of 5-10 g / L;

[0088] The roll residue rate is 65%-80%, the pre-drying temperature is 80-90℃, the pre-drying time is 3-5min, the drying temperature is 105-115℃, and the drying time is 2-3min.

[0089] Finally, a shaping and softening process is applied to obtain a skin-friendly inner layer fabric;

[0090] S2, outer nylon fabric treatment

[0091] An impregnation process is used to coat the surface of the outer nylon fabric with an antibacterial gel layer, followed by a shaping and softening treatment to obtain the outer fabric.

[0092] S3, Fabric quilting fixation

[0093] The skin-friendly inner fabric and the outer nylon fabric are quilted with cooling fibers and then sewn together to form a whole, resulting in a flame-retardant and antibacterial polyamide fabric. Example 2

[0094] Unlike Embodiment 1 above, a flame-retardant and antibacterial polyamide fabric includes a skin-friendly inner layer fabric and an outer nylon fabric, wherein the skin-friendly inner layer fabric and the outer nylon fabric are connected and fixed by photocatalytic fibers.

[0095] The skin-friendly inner layer fabric is woven from nylon fibers and cooling composite fibers. The cooling composite fibers are a blend of 50% cooling fibers, 20% quick-drying nylon fibers, and 30% polylactic acid fibers, with an S-twist direction.

[0096] The cooling fiber is prepared by uniformly mixing 75 parts polyamide masterbatch, 5 parts mica, 5 parts jade powder, 5 parts pearl powder, 5 parts flame retardant A, and 5 parts food-grade xylitol, and then by a spinning process.

[0097] The outer nylon fabric is woven from nylon fibers and antibacterial fibers, with the nylon fiber content being 70% and the antibacterial fiber content being 30%.

[0098] The outer nylon fabric has an antibacterial gel layer attached to its surface; the antibacterial fiber is made from the following raw materials in the following percentages through blending, extrusion, and melt spinning:

[0099] 100 parts of polyamide masterbatch;

[0100] 10 parts of composite nano antibacterial agent;

[0101] Flame retardant B, 5 parts;

[0102] One part of siloxane-modified chitosan.

[0103] The other steps and processes are the same as in Example 1. Example 3

[0104] A flame-retardant and antibacterial polyamide fabric includes a skin-friendly inner layer and an outer nylon fabric, wherein the skin-friendly inner layer and the outer nylon fabric are connected and fixed by photocatalytic fibers.

[0105] The skin-friendly inner layer fabric is woven from nylon fibers and cooling composite fibers. The cooling composite fibers are a blend of 60% cooling fibers, 30% quick-drying nylon fibers, and 10% polylactic acid fibers, with an S-twist direction.

[0106] The cooling fiber is prepared by uniformly mixing 85 parts polyamide masterbatch, 3 parts mica, 3 parts jade powder, 3 parts pearl powder, 3 parts flame retardant A, and 3 parts food-grade xylitol, and then by a spinning process.

[0107] The outer nylon fabric is woven from nylon fibers and antibacterial fibers, with the nylon fiber content being 70% and the antibacterial fiber content being 30%.

[0108] The outer nylon fabric has an antibacterial gel layer attached to its surface; the antibacterial fiber is made from the following raw materials in the following percentages through blending, extrusion, and melt spinning:

[0109] 100 parts of polyamide masterbatch;

[0110] 15 parts of composite nano antibacterial agent;

[0111] Flame retardant B, 11 parts;

[0112] 5 parts of siloxane-modified chitosan.

[0113] The other steps and processes are the same as in Example 1. Comparative Example 1

[0114] Unlike Example 1, the skin-friendly inner layer fabric is woven from nylon fibers and cooling composite fibers. The cooling composite fibers are a blend of 55% cooling fibers, 25% quick-drying nylon fibers, and 20% polylactic acid fibers, with an S-twist direction.

[0115] The cooling fiber is prepared by uniformly mixing 80 parts polyamide masterbatch, 4 parts mica, 4 parts jade powder, 4 parts pearl powder, 4 parts flame retardant A, and 4 parts food-grade xylitol, and then by spinning process; other steps and processes are as described in Example 1. Comparative Example 2

[0116] Unlike Example 1, the skin-friendly inner layer fabric is woven from nylon fibers, and the other steps and processes are the same as in Example 1. Comparative Example 3

[0117] Unlike Example 1, the outer nylon fabric is woven from nylon fibers and antibacterial fibers, with the nylon fiber content being 70% and the antibacterial fiber content being 30%.

[0118] The outer nylon fabric has an antibacterial gel layer attached to its surface; the antibacterial fiber is made from the following raw materials in the following percentages through blending, extrusion, and melt spinning:

[0119] 100 parts of polyamide masterbatch;

[0120] Flame retardant B, 8 parts;

[0121] Three parts of siloxane-modified chitosan.

[0122] The other steps and processes are the same as in Example 1. Comparative Example 4

[0123] Unlike Example 1, the outer nylon fabric is woven from nylon fibers and antibacterial fibers, with the nylon fiber content being 70% and the antibacterial fiber content being 30%.

[0124] The outer nylon fabric has an antibacterial gel layer attached to its surface; the antibacterial fiber is made from the following raw materials in the following percentages through blending, extrusion, and melt spinning:

[0125] 100 parts of polyamide masterbatch;

[0126] 13 parts of composite nano antibacterial agent;

[0127] Three parts of siloxane-modified chitosan.

[0128] The other steps and processes are the same as in Example 1. Comparative Example 5

[0129] Unlike Example 1, the outer nylon fabric is woven from nylon fibers. An antibacterial gel layer is attached to the surface of the outer nylon fabric.

[0130] The other steps and processes are the same as in Example 1. Comparative Example 6

[0131] Unlike Example 1, the outer nylon fabric is woven from nylon fibers and antibacterial fibers, with the nylon fiber content being 70% and the antibacterial fiber content being 30%.

[0132] The outer nylon fabric is treated with deionized water to remove impurities and then directly dried to obtain the outer nylon fabric. Other steps and processes are the same as in Example 1. Comparative Example 7

[0133] Unlike Example 1, the fabric prepared in Example 1 was placed in the dark and then subjected to relevant antibacterial tests to obtain the antibacterial rate.

[0134] According to the relevant preparation and sample preparation methods, the samples of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-7 were subjected to performance tests. The relevant test comparisons are detailed in Table 1.

[0135] Table 1 Test Result Analysis Table

[0136]

[0137] The comparison results in Table 1 above show that:

[0138] In Comparative Example 1, the cooling coefficient slightly decreased due to the absence of flame retardant A in the cooling fiber component of the cooling composite fiber. This was because the hydrophilic substance affected the absorption of sweat, thus impacting the cooling coefficient. More significantly, the flame retardant performance of the fabric decreased. Furthermore, the absence of flame retardant A in the hydrophilic flame-retardant copolyester resulted in noticeable agglomerates in the granules during melt extrusion granulation of the cooling fiber, affecting the dispersion stability of the added substances. In Comparative Example 2, the lack of cooling fibers greatly affected the cooling effect of the fabric, and the instability after washing was also quite pronounced.

[0139] Comparative Example 3 demonstrates that the composite nano-antibacterial agent has a significant impact on antibacterial properties. Compared to Comparative Example 6, the antibacterial gel layer also affects the overall antibacterial properties, but the impact is not as significant as that of the composite nano-antibacterial agent. The antibacterial data in Comparative Example 7 show that the fabric still exhibits excellent antibacterial effects regardless of the presence or absence of light exposure.

[0140] Regarding flame retardant properties, the antibacterial gel layer contains substances such as xylitol, which slightly improves flame retardancy, but the effect is far less significant than that of flame retardant A and flame retardant B. Although the leaf-shaped composite nano-antibacterial agent contains metal oxide flame-retardant elements, it also has some influence on flame retardancy, but the effect is minimal. Overall, the elements affecting flame retardant properties, from most to least, are: flame retardant B > flame retardant A > antibacterial gel layer > composite nano-antibacterial agent.

[0141] While the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the invention. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications and refinements without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention shall be determined by the claims.

Claims

1. A flame-retardant and antibacterial polyamide fabric, characterized in that, It includes a skin-friendly inner fabric and an outer nylon fabric, which are connected and fixed by photocatalytic fibers: The skin-friendly inner layer fabric is woven from nylon fibers and cooling composite fibers. The cooling composite fibers are a blend of 50%-60% cooling fibers, 20-30% quick-drying nylon fibers, and 10%-30% polylactic acid fibers, with an S-twist direction. The cooling fiber is prepared by uniformly mixing 75-85 parts of polyamide masterbatch, 3-5 parts of mica, 3-5 parts of jade powder, 3-5 parts of pearl powder, 3-5 parts of flame retardant A, and 3-5 parts of food-grade xylitol, and then by a spinning process. The outer nylon fabric is woven from nylon fibers and antibacterial fibers, with the nylon fiber content being 70% and the antibacterial fiber content being 30%. An antibacterial gel layer is attached to the surface of the outer nylon fabric. The antibacterial fiber is made from the following raw materials through blending, extrusion, and melt spinning: 100 parts of polyamide masterbatch; 10-15 parts of composite nano antibacterial agent; Flame retardant B: 5-11 parts; 1-5 parts of siloxane-modified chitosan; The flame retardant A is a hydrophilic flame retardant copolyester; The hydrophilic flame-retardant copolyester is polymerized by hydrothermal method from 2-carboxyethylphenyl hypophosphite and ethylene glycol under nitrogen protection with the addition of terminal hydroxyl siloxane.

2. The flame-retardant and antibacterial polyamide fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that, The antibacterial gel layer is made of antibacterial xylitol gel.

3. The flame-retardant and antibacterial polyamide fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that, The composite nano-antibacterial agent is leaf-shaped silver-based bismuth vanadate.

4. The flame-retardant and antibacterial polyamide fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flame retardant B is a cyanide DOPO-based flame retardant.

5. The flame-retardant and antibacterial polyamide fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that, The siloxane-alkylated chitosan is obtained by impregnating chitosan with a 1.2-1.8 wt% siloxane coupling agent solution and then drying it; the siloxane coupling agent is one of KH-550, KH-560, KH-570, and KH-580.

6. A method for preparing a flame-retardant and antibacterial polyamide fabric as described in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1, Skin-friendly inner fabric treatment The skin-friendly inner layer fabric is obtained by sequentially undergoing air plasma etching, cooling finishing, and softening shaping. S2, outer nylon fabric treatment An impregnation process is used to coat the surface of the outer nylon fabric with an antibacterial gel layer, followed by a shaping and softening treatment to obtain the outer fabric. S3, Fabric quilting fixation By using photocatalytic fibers to quilt and stitch together the skin-friendly inner fabric and the outer nylon fabric into a whole, a flame-retardant and antibacterial polyamide fabric is obtained.

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