New energy heavy truck battery replacement hydraulic locking mechanism

Abstract

The invention discloses a new energy heavy truck battery replacement hydraulic locking mechanism in the technical field, which comprises a piston comprising a circular truncated cone section and a cylindrical section, and the circular truncated cone section is provided with a sector notch and a piston through hole; a guide assembly is arranged in the hydraulic cylinder body, so that the piston is lifted along the guide assembly through the piston through hole; a baffle is arranged on the inner wall of the hydraulic cylinder body, when the piston ascends to the upper limit, the baffle divides the sector notch into a first sector and a second sector, and at the moment, an oil passing gap is reserved between the baffle and the bottom face of the sector notch. The side face of the hydraulic cylinder body is further provided with a third oil way for controlling the piston to rotate through oil inlet and outlet, and when the piston ascends to the upper limit, the third oil way communicates with the sector notch and the cavity below the piston, the structure is simple, operation is convenient, locking and unlocking can be achieved by operating the hydraulic valve, the battery replacement technology is stable, jamming is not likely to happen, and the locking force is large; and the battery replacement use can be met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of electric vehicle battery swapping, and particularly to a hydraulic locking mechanism for new energy heavy truck battery swapping. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of the new energy vehicle industry, pure electric vehicles have become an important development direction for future transportation due to their environmental protection, energy conservation and other advantages. However, the limitations of battery technology have always been the key bottleneck restricting the popularization of pure electric vehicles. Currently, the insufficient battery energy density leads to long charging time and short driving range of electric vehicles, making it difficult to meet the user's demand for convenient travel. To solve this problem, battery swapping technology has emerged, aiming to shorten the energy replenishment time of electric heavy trucks by quickly replacing the battery and improve the usability. However, in the existing battery swapping technology, the locking mechanism of the quick-change battery box is often large in size, small in locking force and unreliable in locking, which not only affects the convenience of battery swapping operation, but also reduces the reliability of battery swapping facilities and limits the large-scale promotion and application of the battery swapping mode. Therefore, developing a battery swapping locking mechanism with a smaller size, greater locking force and high reliability is of great significance for promoting the development of pure electric vehicle battery swapping technology.

[0003] Therefore, a new technical solution is needed to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Aiming at the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a hydraulic locking mechanism for new energy heavy truck battery swapping, which solves the problems of low reliability and small locking force of the existing battery swapping locking mechanism.

[0005] The object of the present invention is achieved as follows: A hydraulic locking mechanism for new energy heavy truck battery swapping, comprising: A hydraulic cylinder body, which is provided with an oil cavity inside, and a first oil passage and a second oil passage are respectively arranged at the upper and lower positions on the side surface, and the lifting of the piston is controlled by controlling the oil inlet and outlet through the first oil passage and the second oil passage; A piston, one end of which is connected with a pressing plate for locking and unlocking the battery pack through lifting, and the other end is arranged inside the hydraulic cylinder body; The piston includes a frustum section and a cylindrical section, and a sector notch and a piston through hole are formed on the frustum section; A guiding component is arranged inside the hydraulic cylinder body, so that the piston moves up and down along the guiding component through the piston through hole; a baffle is arranged on the inner wall of the hydraulic cylinder body. When the piston rises to the upper limit position, the baffle divides the sector notch into sector one and sector two, and at this time, an oil passing gap is left between the baffle and the bottom surface of the sector notch; a third oil passage for controlling the rotation of the piston by oil inlet and outlet is also arranged on the side surface of the hydraulic cylinder body. When the piston rises to the upper limit position, the third oil passage connects the sector notch with the cavity below the piston.

[0006] Further, the guiding component plays a guiding role during the upward movement of the piston, and the guiding component plays a role in keeping the piston at the upper limit position during the rotation of the piston.

[0007] Further, the guiding component includes a guide post fixed to the hydraulic cylinder body. The top of the guide post is provided with a constriction, a spring is arranged inside the constriction, a ball is arranged at the top of the spring, and the constriction is used to limit the highest position of the movement of the ball. A piston clamping hole matching with the ball is arranged at the bottom of the frustum section, and the ball can slide into the piston clamping hole after the piston rotates 90 degrees.

[0008] Further, a piston positioning hole is formed on the cylindrical section, and a sensor matching with the piston positioning hole is installed on the side surface of the hydraulic cylinder body to determine the positioning position after the piston rotates.

[0009] Further, the second oil passage, the baffle plate, and the third oil passage are all arranged at the positions corresponding to the sector gaps. The position of the second oil passage is the initial position before rotation when the piston rises to the upper limit position. The baffle plate is arranged beside the second oil passage, and the third oil passage is arranged beside the baffle plate.

[0010] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The structure of the present invention is simple and easy to operate. Locking and unlocking can be achieved by operating the hydraulic valve. The battery swapping technology is stable, not prone to jamming, and has a large locking force, which can meet the requirements of battery swapping. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only the embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.

[0012] Figure 1 is a schematic three-dimensional structure of the present invention Figure 1 .

[0013] Figure 2 is a schematic three-dimensional structure of the present invention Figure 2 .

[0014] Figure 3 is a front view of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 4 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram A-A of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 5 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram B-B of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 6Schematic three-dimensional structure of the piston 104 of the present invention Figure 1 。

[0018] Figure 7 Schematic three-dimensional structure of the piston 104 of the present invention Figure 2 。

[0019] Figure 8 Cross-sectional view of the piston 104 of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 9 Top view of the present invention with the upper cover of the cylinder block removed.

[0021] Figure 10 Schematic cross-sectional structure diagram C-C of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 11 Schematic cross-sectional structure diagram D-D of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 12 Schematic cross-sectional structure diagram E-E of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 13 Schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of the hydraulic cylinder block of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 14 Schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of the baffle of the present invention.

[0026] Wherein, 101 is the hydraulic cylinder block, 102 is the second oil port connecting nozzle, 103 is the upper cover of the cylinder block, 104 is the piston, 105 is the pressing plate, 106 is the sensor, 107 is the ball, 108 is the spring, 109 is the guide post, 110 is the plug, 111 is the baffle, 112 is the first oil port connecting nozzle, 1011 is the groove, 1012 is the second oil path, 10121 is the second oil port, 1013 is the third oil path, 10131 is the oil port three, 10132 is the oil port four, 1014 is the first oil path, 10141 is the oil port one, 10142 is the oil port two, 1041 is the piston positioning hole, 1042 is the piston through hole, 1043 is the fan-shaped notch, 1044 is the piston clamping hole, 1045 is the sector one, 1046 is the sector two, 1047 is the gap. Detailed implementation manners

[0027] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0028] Such as Figures 1-14A new type of new energy heavy truck battery swapping hydraulic locking mechanism as shown includes a hydraulic cylinder body 101, a second oil port connecting nozzle 102, a cylinder body upper cover 103, a piston 104, a pressing plate 105, a sensor 106, a ball 107, a spring 108, a guide post 109, a baffle 111, and a first oil port connecting nozzle 112.

[0029] The hydraulic cylinder body 101 is provided with a first oil circuit 1014 at the bottom. The first oil port connecting nozzle 112 is connected to the outside of the first oil circuit 1014. The oil ports of the first oil circuit 1014 are an oil port one 10141 and an oil port two 10142 respectively. The piston 104 includes a frustum section and a cylindrical section. The frustum section is placed inside the hydraulic cavity, and the cylindrical section passes through the hydraulic cavity. The end of the cylindrical section is connected to the pressing plate 105. A fan-shaped notch 1043 and a piston through hole 1042 are formed on the frustum section. The piston through hole 1042 is formed in a non-fan-shaped notch 1043 area.

[0030] There are two oil circuits on the upper side of the hydraulic cylinder body 101, namely a second oil circuit 1012 and a third oil circuit 1013. The second oil port connecting nozzle 102 is connected to a second oil port 10121 on the outside of the second oil circuit 1012. There are two oil ports on the third oil circuit 1013, namely an oil port three 10131 and an oil port four 10132, which are blocked by a plug 110 on the outside. A groove 1011 (dovetail groove) is formed on the upper side of the hydraulic cylinder body 101, and one side of the baffle 111 is fixed in the groove 1011.

[0031] There is a piston positioning hole 1041 on the piston 104. When the piston 104 rotates in place, the sensor 106 can recognize the piston positioning hole 1041 and send a signal that the mechanism movement is in place. There is a piston through hole 1042 on the piston 104. When the piston 104 moves up and down, the guide post 109 will pass through the piston through hole 1042 to play a guiding role for the piston 104. There is a fan-shaped notch 1043 on the piston 104. This fan-shaped notch 1043 is divided into two parts by the baffle 111 fixed on the hydraulic cylinder body 101, namely a sector one 1045 and a sector two 1046. The bottom of the fan-shaped notch 1043 and the bottom of the baffle 111 are not closely attached together, and there is a gap 1047. During the unlocking process, when the piston 104 rotates forward 90°, the oil in the sector one 1045 is high-pressure oil, and the oil in the sector two 1046 is low-pressure oil, which can realize the forward rotation of the piston 104. After rotating 90°, the baffle will block the piston 104 to prevent it from continuing to rotate. During the locking process, when the piston 104 rotates backward 90°, the oil in the sector one 1045 is low-pressure oil, and the oil in the sector two 1046 is high-pressure oil, which can realize the reverse rotation of the piston 104. After rotating 90°, the baffle 111 will block the piston 104 to prevent it from continuing to rotate.

[0032] The bottom of the piston 104 has a piston clamping hole 1044. When the piston 104 moves to the upper limit position, The guide post 109, the spring 108, and the ball 107 work together. The guide post 109 is connected to the hydraulic cylinder body 101 by a thread. A blind hole is provided at the top of the guide post 109. The spring 108 is placed in the blind hole, and the ball is placed on the top of the spring 108. There is a constriction above the guide post 109 to limit the highest position of the movement of the ball 107. Under the action of the spring 108, the ball 107 is pushed to the highest position. The guide post 109 not only plays a guiding role during the ascending and descending processes of the piston 104. When the piston 104 unlocks and moves to the upper limit position, the guide post 109 and the ball 107 work together to keep the piston 104 at the upper limit position and prevent it from rotating and descending. The specific principle is as follows: The bottom of the piston 104 has a piston clamping hole 1044. When the piston 104 moves to the upper limit position, the piston clamping hole 1044 is aligned with the ball 107, and the ball 107 cooperates with the piston clamping hole 1044 to prevent the piston 104 from moving downward and rotating, keeping the piston 104 at the upper limit position.

[0033] When the piston 104 is at the upper limit position and a locking movement is to be performed, high-pressure hydraulic oil enters the first sector 1045 through the oil passage 1012. Under the action of the high-pressure oil, the piston 104 starts to rotate reversely. At the same time, the ball 107 disengages from the piston clamping hole 1044, and the ball 107 moves downward, compressing the spring 108, so that the ball 107 makes point contact with the lower bottom surface of the piston 104. At this moment, under the action of the guide post 109 and the ball 107, the piston 104 is prevented from moving downward; the piston 104 rotates reversely until the piston 104 moves to the limit position and is blocked by the baffle 111, completing a reverse rotation of 90°. At this time, the piston through-hole 1042 is facing the guide post 109. Under the action of the high-pressure oil above the piston 104, the piston 104 moves downward until the pressure plate 105 presses the battery pack; When the piston 104 is at the lower limit position and an unlocking movement is to be performed, high-pressure oil enters below the piston 104 from the first oil passage 1014. Under the action of the guide post 109, the piston 104 moves vertically upward. When it moves upward to the upper position, the guide post 109 no longer plays a guiding role for the piston 104. The high-pressure oil flows from the oil port 10132 below the piston 104, through the oil passage 1013, and into the first sector 1045 from the oil port 10131. Under the action of the high-pressure oil, the volume of the first sector 1045 increases, causing the piston 104 to rotate forward. During the rotation process, a point on the outer side of the ball 107 contacts the bottom of the piston 104. When the piston 104 moves to the upper limit position, the piston 104 is blocked by the baffle 111 and cannot move further. At this moment, the ball 107 cooperates with the piston clamping hole 1044 to keep the piston 104 at the upper limit position.

[0034] It should be noted that when unlocking, the piston 104 rises from the bottom, first straight up along the guide column 109, and after reaching the upper limit, the oil enters the sector 1 1045 from the third oil circuit 1013. At this time, the bottom of the piston 104 is separated from the guide column 109, and only a part of the ball 107 is in the piston through hole 1042 (a part must be inside, otherwise the high-pressure and low-pressure chambers are connected, and the oil cannot drive the rotation). Under the guidance of the high-pressure oil, the piston 104 presses the ball 107 to retract, and the piston 104 rotates on the two balls 107. After rotating 90 degrees, the two balls 107 just correspond to the two holes at the bottom of the piston 104. The advantage of this is that the piston 104 can be further kept from rotating; when locking, the high-pressure oil enters the sector 2 1046, pushing the piston 104 to flip, and at the same time presses the ball 107 to exit the piston 104 hole and rotate. After the rotation stops, the guide column 109 is just located below the piston through hole 1042, the ball 107 pops out, and the high-pressure oil continues to enter the upper chamber, pushing the piston 104 to move downward until the battery compartment is locked.

[0035] The working principle of this structure is: When the unlocking signal is issued, the high-pressure oil flows from the first oil path 1014 into the bottom of the piston 104, and the low-pressure oil flows out from the oil path 1012. At this time, the guide column 109 passes through the piston through hole 1042. Under the action of the guide column 109 and the high-pressure oil, the piston 104 moves upward. When the piston 104 assembly moves to the upper position, the guide column 109 no longer guides it. The high-pressure oil flows from the oil port 10132 below the piston 104 through the oil path 1013 and from the oil port 10132 to the oil port 10132. 0131 flows into sector 1045. Under the action of high-pressure oil, the volume of sector 1045 expands, causing piston 104 to rotate forward. At this moment, ball 107 retracts into guide post 109 and only makes point contact with the bottom of piston 104. After piston 104 rotates 90 degrees, piston 104 is stuck by the baffle and cannot move further. At the same time, the ball is pushed out by the spring in guide post 109 and cooperates with piston clamping hole 1044 to complete the whole locking action. When the locking signal is issued, high-pressure oil flows from the second oil circuit 1012 into the top of the piston 104, and low-pressure oil flows out from the first oil circuit 1014. At this moment, the high-pressure oil flows into sector two 1046. Under the action of the high-pressure oil, the piston 104 rotates in the opposite direction. At this moment, the piston 104 is supported by the guide column 109 and will not move downward. After the rotation is completed by 90°, the piston 104 is blocked by the baffle and cannot continue to rotate. At this moment, the piston through hole 1042 is facing the guide column 109. Under the action of the high-pressure oil above the piston 104, the piston 104 moves downward until the pressure plate presses the battery pack to complete the locking action.

[0036] The device of the present invention has a simple structure, fewer parts, a large locking force, and the locking device has the ability of stepless unlocking, and can realize the locking movement at any position within the stroke range, which greatly increases the use range and flexibility of the device. Through a set of hydraulic sources, the power output of multiple locking devices of the battery box can be realized, saving costs.

[0037] The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and its core idea of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can be made to the present invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A new energy heavy truck battery swapping hydraulic locking mechanism, comprising: A hydraulic cylinder body (101) with an oil chamber inside, and a first oil passage (1014) and a second oil passage (1012) are respectively located at the upper and lower positions on the side. The lifting of the piston (104) is controlled by controlling the oil inlet and outlet through the first oil passage (1014) and the second oil passage (1012); A piston (104), one end of which is connected with a pressing plate (105) that locks and unlocks the battery pack through lifting, and the other end is arranged inside the hydraulic cylinder body (101); It is characterized in that The piston (104) includes a frustum section and a cylindrical section, and a fan-shaped notch (1043) and a piston through hole (1042) are provided on the frustum section; A guiding component is arranged inside the hydraulic cylinder body (101) so that the piston (104) moves up and down along the guiding component through the piston through hole (1042); A baffle (111) is arranged on the inner wall of the hydraulic cylinder body (101). When the piston (104) rises to the upper limit position, the baffle (111) divides the fan-shaped notch (1043) into a sector one (1045) and a sector two (1046). At this time, an oil passing gap is left between the baffle (111) and the bottom surface of the fan-shaped notch (1043); A third oil passage (1013) for controlling the rotation of the piston (104) through the oil inlet and outlet is also arranged on the side of the hydraulic cylinder body (101). When the piston (104) rises to the upper limit position, the third oil passage (1013) communicates the fan-shaped notch (1043) with the cavity below the piston (104).

2. The new energy heavy truck battery swapping hydraulic locking mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The guiding component plays a guiding role during the rising process of the piston (104), and the guiding component plays a role in keeping the piston (104) at the upper limit position during the rotation process of the piston (104).

3. The new energy heavy truck battery swapping hydraulic locking mechanism according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The guiding component includes a guide post (109) fixed to the hydraulic cylinder body (101). The top of the guide post (109) is provided with a constriction, a spring (108) is arranged inside the constriction, a ball (107) is arranged at the top of the spring (108), the constriction is used to limit the highest position of the movement of the ball (107), and a piston groove (1044) hole matching with the ball (107) is arranged at the bottom of the frustum section. After the piston (104) rotates 90 degrees, the ball (107) can slide into the piston groove (1044) hole.

4. The new energy heavy truck battery swapping hydraulic locking mechanism according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, A piston positioning hole (1041) is arranged on the cylindrical section, and a sensor (106) matching with the piston positioning hole is installed on the side of the hydraulic cylinder body (101) to determine the positioning position of the piston (104) after rotation.

5. A new energy heavy truck battery swapping hydraulic locking mechanism according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The second oil passage (1012), the baffle (111), and the third oil passage (1013) are all arranged at the position corresponding to the fan-shaped notch (1043). The position of the second oil passage (1012) is the initial position before rotation when the piston (104) rises to the upper limit position. The baffle (111) is arranged beside the second oil passage (1012), and the third oil passage (1013) is arranged beside the baffle (111).

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