Ventilation method, ventilation structure and isolation structure for construction of multiple working faces of diversion tunnel

Abstract

The invention provides a diversion tunnel multi-working face construction ventilation method, ventilation structure and isolation structure, the ventilation structure comprises a plurality of first fans and second fans arranged at the opening of a construction adit, and the construction adit is connected with a plurality of diversion tunnels; the first fan is provided with a main exhaust pipe, and the main exhaust pipe is connected with a plurality of branch exhaust pipes through connectors; the second fan is provided with a main air inlet pipe, and the main air inlet pipe is connected with a plurality of branch air inlet pipes through connectors; an isolation structure is arranged in the diversion tunnel, the isolation structure is close to the tunnel face of the diversion tunnel, and the branch air inlet pipes and the branch exhaust pipes are connected with the isolation structure. According to the ventilation device, ventilation can be conveniently conducted on multiple working faces of the parallel diversion tunnel, the problem of unsmooth ventilation is avoided, and the working safety of workers is guaranteed; in the blasting link, a worker can hide behind the partition plate, impact force generated by blasting can be blocked by the partition plate, and the safety of the worker is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of construction of diversion tunnels with multiple working faces, and specifically relates to a ventilation method, a ventilation structure and an isolation structure for the construction of diversion tunnels with multiple working faces. Background Art

[0002] In a hydropower project, the diversion tunnel diverts the original river water from in front of the upstream cofferdam to behind the downstream cofferdam, which is a preliminary project to create conditions for the subsequent construction operations of the hydropower project. The diversion tunnels of large hydropower projects are characterized by large cross-sections and multiple parallel arrangements. Their construction periods are often relatively urgent. If they cannot be completed on schedule, it will cause a delay in the construction period of the entire hydropower station project.

[0003] To shorten the construction period of the diversion tunnel, multiple construction branch tunnels are set up to increase working faces and achieve short tunneling for long tunnels. Due to the simultaneous construction of multiple working faces, the number of mechanical equipment and personnel invested in the tunnel increases, and blasting operations are intensive, generating a large amount of toxic and harmful gases and dust, resulting in serious environmental pollution in the tunnel.

[0004] Construction ventilation is the main technical means to dilute and discharge blasting fumes, dust, toxic and harmful gases, maintain good working conditions, and provide necessary oxygen for the personnel and mechanical equipment working in the tunnel; However, when the existing technology conducts ventilation, generally only a few ventilation ducts are set up, the ventilation is uneven, it is difficult to ventilate multiple working faces during construction, and during the drilling and blasting process, the blasting fumes, dust, and toxic and harmful gases directly diffuse throughout the entire tunnel, covering a large area, making it inconvenient for the staff to evacuate, with high danger and difficult ventilation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a ventilation method, a ventilation structure and an isolation structure for the construction of diversion tunnels with multiple working faces, and solve the problems of serious environmental pollution during the construction inside the diversion tunnel and difficult ventilation of multiple parallel working faces of the diversion tunnel.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: A ventilation structure for the construction of diversion tunnels with multiple working faces, including a plurality of first fans and second fans arranged at the entrances of the construction branch tunnels, and the construction branch tunnels are connected to a plurality of diversion tunnels; The first fan is provided with a main exhaust duct, and the main exhaust duct is connected with a plurality of branch exhaust ducts through connectors; The second fan is provided with a main intake duct, and the main intake duct is connected with a plurality of branch intake ducts through connectors; An isolation structure is arranged inside the diversion tunnel, the isolation structure is close to the working face of the diversion tunnel, and the branch intake ducts and the branch exhaust ducts are connected to the isolation structure.

[0007] In a preferred solution, the plurality of diversion tunnels are respectively a first diversion tunnel, a second diversion tunnel and a third diversion tunnel; Valves are provided in the branch air inlet pipe and the branch exhaust pipe. The branch air inlet pipe sends fresh air into the diversion tunnel, and the branch exhaust pipe discharges the polluted air in the diversion tunnel.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment, the isolation structure includes a partition plate provided in the diversion tunnel. A door opening is provided at the bottom end of the partition plate, and a walking frame is provided at the bottom of the partition plate; A top plate is provided at the top of the partition plate. A plurality of pull rods are provided at the bottom of the top plate, and a support plate is provided at the bottom of the pull rods; The partition plate is provided with an exhaust pipe connecting pipe, and the exhaust pipe connecting pipe is connected to the branch exhaust pipe; The partition plate is provided with an air inlet pipe connecting pipe, and the air inlet pipe connecting pipe is connected to the branch air inlet pipe; Air outlet holes are provided inside the partition plate, and the air outlet holes communicate with the air inlet pipe connecting pipe; The support plate is located at the bottom of the branch air inlet pipe and the branch exhaust pipe.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, the walking frame includes a base fixed to the bottom of the partition plate. A wheel groove is provided inside the base, and a walking wheel is provided in the wheel groove; An activity groove is provided on one side of the bottom of the base away from the heading face. A support leg is rotatably provided in the activity groove, and a groove is provided on the side surface of the support leg; Fixed teeth are provided at the bottom of the support leg; A protection plate is provided on one side of the base close to the heading face.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, the exhaust pipe connecting pipe includes a first inner pipe. A first flexible pipe is provided at one end of the first inner pipe away from the heading face, and the first flexible pipe is connected to the branch exhaust pipe; The air inlet pipe connecting pipe includes a second inner pipe and a fixed pipe. A gap is provided between the second inner pipe and the fixed pipe, and the gap communicates with the air outlet hole. A second flexible pipe is provided at one end of the fixed pipe away from the heading face, and the second flexible pipe is connected to the branch air inlet pipe; The air outlet hole includes a cavity provided inside the partition plate. The cavity communicates with the gap. A plurality of first air holes are provided at the edge of the partition plate, and a plurality of second air holes are provided on one side of the partition plate away from the heading face; A guide cylinder is provided at one end of the second inner pipe close to the fixed pipe. The guide cylinder is located inside the second inner pipe and extends into the fixed pipe. The guide cylinder is a tapered cylinder with both ends communicating.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the guide cylinder includes a plurality of pairs of fixed blocks, and a fixed shaft is provided between each pair of fixed blocks; A rotating sleeve is rotatably provided on the fixed shaft, and a bearing is provided between the rotating sleeve and the fixed shaft; The rotating sleeve is provided with a movable plate. A plurality of movable plates are combined into a tapered cylinder. Only the edges of the movable plates are in contact. A through hole is provided at the end of the combined tapered cylinder; The movable plate is provided with a fixed plate. An installation seat is provided on the fixed plate. A motor is provided on the installation seat, and a first gear is provided on the output shaft of the motor; A second gear is fixedly connected to the fixed shaft, and the first gear meshes with the second gear.

[0012] A construction ventilation method for multiple working faces of a diversion tunnel, which applies a construction ventilation structure for multiple working faces of a diversion tunnel, includes the following steps: S1. Install an exhaust axial-flow fan and an intake axial-flow fan at the entrance of the construction branch tunnel. S2. The exhaust axial-flow fan and the intake axial-flow fan are respectively connected to the main exhaust air duct and the main intake air duct. S3. The main exhaust air duct is connected to a branch exhaust air duct into the diversion tunnel, and the main intake air duct is connected to a branch intake air duct into the diversion tunnel. S4. Start the exhaust axial-flow fan and the intake axial-flow fan to drive the air to circulate and complete the ventilation.

[0013] In a preferred solution, a particle size sensor is provided inside the isolation structure. According to the data detected by the particle size sensor, the control unit controls the power of the exhaust axial-flow fan and the intake axial-flow fan and the opening degree of the main intake air duct.

[0014] A construction isolation structure for multiple working faces of a diversion tunnel includes a partition board arranged in the diversion tunnel. A door opening is provided at the bottom end of the partition board, and a walking frame is provided at the bottom of the partition board. A top board is provided at the top of the partition board. A plurality of pull rods are provided at the bottom of the top board, and a support plate is provided at the bottom of the pull rods. The partition board is provided with an exhaust air duct connecting pipe, and the exhaust air duct connecting pipe is connected to the exhaust air duct. The partition board is provided with an intake air duct connecting pipe, and the intake air duct connecting pipe is connected to the intake air duct. Air outlet holes are provided inside the partition board, and the air outlet holes are communicated with the intake air duct connecting pipe. The support plate is located at the bottom of the exhaust air duct and the intake air duct.

[0015] In a preferred solution, the walking frame includes a base fixed to the bottom of the partition board. A wheel groove is provided inside the base, and a walking wheel is provided in the wheel groove. An activity groove is provided on one side of the bottom of the base away from the heading face. A support leg is rotatably provided in the activity groove, and a groove is provided on the side surface of the support leg. Fixed teeth are provided at the bottom of the support leg. A protection plate is provided on one side of the base close to the heading face. The exhaust air duct connecting pipe includes a first inner pipe. A first flexible pipe is provided at one end of the first inner pipe away from the heading face, and the first flexible pipe is connected to the exhaust air duct. The intake air duct connecting pipe includes a second inner pipe and a fixed pipe. A gap is provided between the second inner pipe and the fixed pipe, and the gap is communicated with the air outlet holes. A second flexible pipe is provided at one end of the fixed pipe away from the heading face, and the second flexible pipe is connected to the intake air duct. The air outlet includes a cavity provided inside the partition board. The cavity is communicated with the gap. A number of first air holes are provided at the edge of the partition board, and a number of second air holes are provided on the side of the partition board away from the working face. A flow guide cylinder is provided at one end of the second inner pipe close to the fixed pipe. The flow guide cylinder is located inside the second inner pipe and extends into the fixed pipe. The flow guide cylinder is a conical cylinder with both ends communicated. The flow guide cylinder includes several pairs of fixing blocks, and a fixed shaft is provided between each pair of fixing blocks. A rotating sleeve is rotatably provided on the fixed shaft, and a bearing is provided between the rotating sleeve and the fixed shaft. The rotating sleeve is provided with movable plates. A number of movable plates are combined into a conical cylinder. The edges of the movable plates only contact with each other. A through hole is provided at the end of the combined conical cylinder. The movable plate is provided with a fixing plate. An installation seat is provided on the fixing plate. A motor is provided on the installation seat. A first gear is provided on the output shaft of the motor. A second gear is fixedly connected to the fixed shaft, and the first gear meshes with the second gear.

[0016] The present invention provides a construction ventilation method, a ventilation structure and an isolation structure for a diversion tunnel with multiple working faces. By adopting the above solutions, the following beneficial effects are achieved: 1. It is convenient to ventilate multiple working faces of parallel diversion tunnels, avoiding the problem of poor ventilation and ensuring the operation safety of workers.

[0017] 2. In the blasting process, workers can hide behind the partition board, and the impact force generated by blasting will be blocked by the partition board, ensuring the safety of workers.

[0018] 3. The dust generated by drilling and blasting can be timely processed and discharged inside the partition board, and the air supply treatment is carried out near the partition board in real time, ensuring the air quality.

[0019] 4. Blasting smoke, dust and toxic and harmful gases are isolated and processed inside the partition board, and will not diffuse into the diversion tunnel in a large area, reducing the ventilation difficulty and increasing the safety.

[0020] 5. It is simple to operate, has a simple structure and low cost when in use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] The following further illustrates the present invention with reference to the drawings and embodiments: Figure 1 It is a layout structure diagram of the ventilation method and ventilation structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a structural diagram of the isolation structure of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a front view structural diagram of the isolation structure of the present invention; Figure 4It is a schematic structural diagram of the walking frame described in the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the air outlet described in the present invention; Figure 6 It is a side view structural diagram of the connection pipe of the air inlet pipe described in the present invention; Figure 7 It is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the guide cylinder described in the present invention; Figure 8 It is an enlarged schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the guide cylinder described in the present invention; Figure 9 It is a side view structural diagram of an embodiment of the guide cylinder described in the present invention.

[0022] In the figure: the first fan 1, the main exhaust air pipe 101, the branch exhaust air pipe 102, the dirty air 103, the second fan 2, the main air inlet pipe 201, the branch air inlet pipe 202, the fresh air 203, the construction access tunnel 301, the first diversion tunnel 302, the second diversion tunnel 303, the third diversion tunnel 304, the tunnel face 305, the connector 4, the valve 5, the isolation structure 6, the partition plate 601, the top plate 602, the pull rod 621, the support plate 622, the walking frame 603, the base 631, the wheel groove 632, the walking wheel 633, the movable groove 634, the support leg 635, the groove 636, the fixed tooth 637, the protection plate 638, the door opening 604, the air outlet 605, the cavity 651, the first air hole 652, the second air hole 653, the exhaust air pipe connection pipe 606, the first inner pipe 661, the first hose 662, the air inlet pipe connection pipe 607, the second inner pipe 671, the fixed pipe 672, the second hose 673, the guide cylinder 7, the fixed block 701, the fixed shaft 702, the movable plate 703, the through hole 704, the rotating sleeve 705, the fixed plate 706, the mounting seat 707, the motor 708, the first gear 709, the second gear 710. Detailed implementation manners

[0023] Embodiment 1: As Figures 1-9 shown, a construction ventilation structure for multiple working faces in a diversion tunnel includes a plurality of first fans 1 and second fans 2 arranged at the entrance of the construction access tunnel 301, and the construction access tunnel 301 is connected to a plurality of diversion tunnels; the first fan 1 is used to discharge the dirty air 103 in the diversion tunnel, and the second fan 2 is used to convey fresh air 203 into the tunnel. The first fan 1 and the second fan 2 are preferably axial fans.

[0024] According to the actual construction situation, a plurality of diversion tunnels are provided, preferably including the first diversion tunnel 302, the second diversion tunnel 303 and the third diversion tunnel 304, and multiple diversion tunnels are used for multi-working face construction.

[0025] The first fan 1 is provided with a main exhaust air duct 101, and a plurality of branch exhaust air ducts 102 are connected to the main exhaust air duct 101 through a connector 4; the second fan 2 is provided with a main intake air duct 201, and a plurality of branch intake air ducts 202 are connected to the main intake air duct 201 through a connector 4; the main exhaust air duct 101, the branch exhaust air ducts 102, the main intake air duct 201 and the branch intake air ducts 202 are all air ducts commonly used in the prior art, and the connection between the air ducts adopts the commonly used method in the prior art. Valves 5 are provided in the branch intake air ducts 202 and the branch exhaust air ducts 102. The valves 5 are preferably electric valves and are controlled in the existing manner. The branch intake air ducts 202 send fresh air 203 into the diversion tunnel, and the branch exhaust air ducts 102 discharge the polluted air 103 in the diversion tunnel.

[0026] In a further embodiment, an isolation structure 6 is provided in the diversion tunnel. The isolation structure 6 is close to the face 305 of the diversion tunnel, and the branch intake air ducts 202 and the branch exhaust air ducts 102 are connected to the isolation structure 6.

[0027] Specifically, the isolation structure 6 includes a partition 601 provided in the diversion tunnel. A door opening 604 is provided at the bottom end of the partition 601, and a door is provided in the door opening 604 as required for the staff to enter and exit; when it comes to blasting construction such as drilling and blasting construction of the face, especially when mechanical operation or explosive blasting is used, the construction personnel can hide behind the partition 601. Through the partition 601, not only can the dust and the like be prevented from spreading in the diversion tunnel, but also the flying stones and other sundries during the construction process can be effectively blocked.

[0028] A top plate 602 is provided at the top of the partition 601. A plurality of pull rods 621 are provided at the bottom of the top plate 602. A support plate 622 is provided at the bottom of the pull rod 621. The support plate 622 is located at the bottom of the branch intake air ducts 202 and the branch exhaust air ducts 102. The branch intake air ducts 202 and the branch exhaust air ducts 102 are supported by the support plate 622 to increase the stability of the branch intake air ducts 202 and the branch exhaust air ducts 102; it can prevent the pipes from falling off or being damaged due to their own gravity, construction vibration or other external forces, and ensure the stability and reliability of the ventilation pipe system.

[0029] The partition 601 is provided with an exhaust air duct connecting pipe 606, and the exhaust air duct connecting pipe 606 is connected to the branch exhaust air duct 102; the exhaust air duct connecting pipe 606 includes a first inner pipe 661. A first flexible pipe 662 is provided at one end of the first inner pipe 661 away from the face 305, and the first flexible pipe 662 is connected to the branch exhaust air duct 102; When the first fan 1 is started, the polluted air is discharged after passing through the first inner pipe 661, the first flexible pipe 662, the branch exhaust air duct 102 and the main exhaust air duct 101 in sequence.

[0030] The partition 601 is provided with an air inlet pipe connecting pipe 607, and the air inlet pipe connecting pipe 607 is connected to the branch air inlet pipe 202; the air inlet pipe connecting pipe 607 includes a second inner pipe 671 and a fixed pipe 672, and there is a gap between the second inner pipe 671 and the fixed pipe 672, and the gap is communicated with the air outlet hole 605. One end of the fixed pipe 672 away from the heading face 305 is provided with a second hose 673, and the second hose 673 is connected to the branch air inlet pipe 202; the first hose 662 and the second hose 673 are preferably folding and telescopic hoses.

[0031] Air is sent in through the second fan 2, and then successively passes through the main air inlet pipe 201, the branch air inlet pipe 202, the second hose 673 and the fixed pipe 672. Then, a part of the air enters the air outlet hole 605 through the gap, so that fresh air is discharged around the partition 601, and the other part enters the vicinity of the heading face 305 through the second inner pipe 671, completing the entry of fresh air.

[0032] The partition 601 is provided with air outlet holes 605, and the air outlet holes 605 are communicated with the air inlet pipe connecting pipe 607. Specifically, the air outlet holes 605 include a cavity 651 provided inside the partition 601, and the cavity 651 is communicated with the gap. There are several first air holes 652 on the edge of the partition 601, and there are several second air holes 653 on the side of the partition 601 away from the heading face 305; after the fresh air enters the cavity 651 through the air inlet pipe connecting pipe 607, a part of the fresh air enters the edge of the partition 601 through the first air holes 652, and the other part enters the area of the diversion tunnel relatively far from the heading face through the second air holes 653, which not only provides timely and sufficient fresh air for the construction workers at the heading face to ensure the respiratory health of the construction workers, but also promotes the overall circulation of the air in the tunnel.

[0033] One end of the second inner pipe 671 close to the fixed pipe 672 is provided with a guide cylinder 7. The guide cylinder 7 is located inside the second inner pipe 671 and extends into the fixed pipe 672. The guide cylinder 7 is a tapered cylinder with both ends communicating. Through the guide cylinder 7, part of the fresh air is introduced into the cavity 651, and the other part passes through the guide cylinder 7 and enters the position near the heading face 305 in the diversion tunnel to conduct air exchange near the heading face 305.

[0034] In a preferred solution, a walking frame 603 is provided at the bottom of the partition 601. The walking frame 603 includes a base 631 fixed to the bottom of the partition 601. A wheel groove 632 is provided inside the base 631, and a walking wheel 633 is provided in the wheel groove 632; the walking wheel 633 is made of high-strength and wear-resistant materials to ensure stable operation during long-term and frequent movement.

[0035] On one side of the bottom of the base 631 away from the tunnel face 305, there is a movable groove 634. A support leg 635 is rotatably arranged in the movable groove 634. A groove 636 is arranged on the side surface of the support leg 635; a fixed tooth 637 is arranged at the bottom of the support leg 635; after the isolation structure moves to the designated position, the support leg 635 is lowered, and the fixed tooth 637 is embedded in the ground, greatly enhancing the stability of the isolation structure by increasing the friction and contact area with the ground, preventing it from being displaced due to the action of the air current or other external forces during the ventilation process.

[0036] On one side of the base 631 close to the tunnel face 305, there is a protective plate 638; the protective plate 638 is made of high-strength and impact-resistant materials, which can effectively block flying stones, sundries, etc. during the construction process, avoiding damage to the walking frame 603.

[0037] In a further embodiment, the guide cylinder 7 includes several pairs of fixing blocks 701, and a fixing shaft 702 is arranged between each pair of fixing blocks 701; A rotating sleeve 705 is rotatably arranged on the fixing shaft 702. A bearing is arranged between the rotating sleeve 705 and the fixing shaft 702 for the stable rotation of the rotating sleeve 705; the rotating sleeve 705 is provided with a movable plate 703. Several movable plates 703 are combined into a conical cylinder, and the edges of the movable plates 703 only touch. A through hole 704 is arranged at the end of the combined conical cylinder; The movable plate 703 is provided with a fixing plate 706. An installation seat 707 is arranged on the fixing plate 706. A motor 708 is arranged on the installation seat 707. The motor 708 is preferably a stepping motor, which is connected and controlled in an existing manner. A first gear 709 is arranged on the output shaft of the motor 708; a second gear 710 is fixedly connected to the fixing shaft 702, and the first gear 709 meshes with the second gear 710.

[0038] During use, the motor 708 is started to drive the first gear 709 to rotate, thereby driving the second gear 710 to rotate. Since the fixing shaft 702 and the second gear 710 are in a fixed state, when the first gear 709 rotates, the first gear 709 will rotate around the fixing shaft 702, thereby driving the motor 708, the fixing plate 706 and the movable plate 703 to rotate around the fixing shaft 702, thereby changing the opening size of the guide cylinder 7. Construction workers can adjust the angle of the movable plate 703 according to the actual ventilation requirements in the guide tunnel to adjust the proportion of fresh air entering the tunnel face 305 and the air outlet 605, with better adaptability.

[0039] Embodiment 2: A construction ventilation method for multiple working faces in a diversion tunnel, applying the construction ventilation structure for multiple working faces in a diversion tunnel according to any one of claims 1-6, includes the following steps: S1. Set an exhaust axial flow fan and an intake axial flow fan at the entrance of the construction branch tunnel 301; S2. The exhaust axial-flow fan and the intake axial-flow fan are respectively connected to the main exhaust duct 101 and the main intake duct 201; S3. The main exhaust duct 101 is connected to the branch exhaust duct 102 and extends into the diversion tunnel, and is connected to the exhaust duct connection pipe 606. The main intake duct 201 is connected to the branch intake duct 202 and extends into the diversion tunnel, and is connected to the intake duct connection pipe 607; S4. Start the exhaust axial-flow fan and the intake axial-flow fan to drive the air to circulate and complete the ventilation.

[0040] In a preferred solution, a particle size sensor is provided inside the isolation structure 6. According to the data detected by the particle size sensor, the control unit controls the power of the exhaust axial-flow fan and the intake axial-flow fan and the opening degree of the main intake duct 201; The particle size sensor preferably adopts the existing laser scattering principle or micro-electromechanical system MEMS technology to detect the particle concentration of the air in the diversion tunnel in real time and accurately; a particle concentration standard is preset in the control unit according to the actual use requirements, and then according to the data detected by the sensor, the power of the exhaust axial-flow fan and the intake axial-flow fan is automatically and accurately controlled: when it is detected that the particle concentration exceeds the standard, the control unit quickly increases the power of the exhaust axial-flow fan to accelerate the discharge speed of the polluted air, and at the same time increases the power of the intake axial-flow fan to ensure that there is enough fresh air to supplement and maintain the stability of the air quality in the tunnel; When the concentration exceeds the standard, start the motor 708 to make the through hole 704 smaller, so that the content of polluted air in the air inhaled by the branch exhaust duct 102 is greater, and the fresh air is discharged through the air outlet 605 and approaches the heading face 305 under the action of negative pressure.

[0041] Embodiment 3: As Figures 2-9 shown, a construction isolation structure for multiple working faces in a diversion tunnel includes a partition 601 provided in the diversion tunnel. A door opening 604 is provided at the bottom end of the partition 601, and a walking frame 603 is provided at the bottom of the partition 601; a door is provided in the door opening 604 as needed for the staff to enter and exit; when it comes to blasting construction such as drill and blast construction at the heading face, especially when mechanical operation or explosive blasting is used, the construction personnel can hide behind the partition 601. Through the partition 601, not only can dust and the like be prevented from spreading in the diversion tunnel, but also flying stones and other sundries during the construction process can be effectively blocked.

[0042] The top of the partition plate 601 is provided with a top plate 602. The bottom of the top plate 602 is provided with a number of pull rods 621, and the bottom of the pull rods 621 is provided with a support plate 622; the support plate 622 is located at the bottom of the exhaust air duct and the intake air duct, and the exhaust air duct and the intake air duct are supported by the support plate 622 to increase the stability of the exhaust air duct and the intake air duct; it can prevent the pipes from falling off or being damaged due to their own gravity, construction vibration or other external forces, and ensure the stability and reliability of the ventilation duct system; the exhaust air duct and the intake air duct are ventilation ducts connected to an external axial flow fan, and the specific pipe type is determined according to the actual construction situation. The partition plate 601 is provided with an exhaust air duct connecting pipe 606. The exhaust air duct connecting pipe 606 includes a first inner pipe 661. One end of the first inner pipe 661 away from the heading face 305 is provided with a first flexible pipe 662, and the first flexible pipe 662 is connected to the exhaust air duct; by the suction generated by the axial flow fan, the polluted air is discharged after passing through the first inner pipe 661, the first flexible pipe 662 and the exhaust air duct in sequence.

[0043] The partition plate 601 is provided with an intake air duct connecting pipe 607. The intake air duct connecting pipe 607 includes a second inner pipe 671 and a fixed pipe 672. There is a gap between the second inner pipe 671 and the fixed pipe 672, and the gap is communicated with the air outlet hole 605. One end of the fixed pipe 672 away from the heading face 305 is provided with a second flexible pipe 673, and the second flexible pipe 673 is connected to the intake air duct; The first flexible pipe 662 and the second flexible pipe 673 are preferably folding telescopic flexible pipes; the partition plate 601 is provided with an air outlet hole 605, and the air outlet hole 605 is communicated with the intake air duct connecting pipe 607.

[0044] The fresh air is sent in by the axial flow fan, and then passes through the intake air duct, the second flexible pipe 673 and the fixed pipe 672 in sequence. Then, a part of it enters the air outlet hole 605 through the gap, so that the fresh air is discharged around the partition plate 601, and the other part enters the area near the heading face 305 through the second inner pipe 671, completing the entry of the fresh air.

[0045] The air outlet hole 605 is communicated with the intake air duct connecting pipe 607. Specifically, the air outlet hole 605 includes a cavity 651 provided inside the partition plate 601, and the cavity 651 is communicated with the gap. There are a number of first air holes 652 on the edge of the partition plate 601, and there are a number of second air holes 653 on the side of the partition plate 601 away from the heading face 305; after the fresh air enters the cavity 651 through the intake air duct connecting pipe 607, a part of it enters the edge of the partition plate 601 through the first air holes 652, and the other part enters the area of the diversion tunnel relatively far from the heading face through the second air holes 653, which not only provides timely and sufficient fresh air for the construction workers at the heading face, ensures the respiratory health of the construction workers, but also promotes the overall circulation of the air in the tunnel.

[0046] One end of the second inner tube 671 close to the fixed tube 672 is provided with a flow guide cylinder 7. The flow guide cylinder 7 is located inside the second inner tube 671 and extends into the fixed tube 672. The flow guide cylinder 7 is a conical cylinder with both ends communicating. Through the flow guide cylinder 7, part of the fresh air is introduced into the cavity 651, and the other part enters the position near the heading face 305 in the diversion tunnel through the flow guide cylinder 7 to ventilate the area near the heading face 305.

[0047] In a preferred solution, a walking frame 603 is provided at the bottom of the partition plate 601. The walking frame 603 includes a base 631 fixed to the bottom of the partition plate 601. A wheel groove 632 is provided in the base 631, and a walking wheel 633 is provided in the wheel groove 632; the walking wheel 633 is made of high-strength and wear-resistant materials to ensure stable operation during long-term and frequent movement.

[0048] On one side of the bottom of the base 631 away from the heading face 305, a movable groove 634 is provided. A support leg 635 is rotatably provided in the movable groove 634. A groove 636 is provided on the side surface of the support leg 635; a fixed tooth 637 is provided at the bottom of the support leg 635; when the isolation structure moves to the designated position, the support leg 635 is lowered, and the fixed tooth 637 is embedded in the ground. By increasing the friction force and contact area with the ground, the stability of the isolation structure is greatly enhanced, preventing it from being displaced due to the action of the air flow or other external forces during the ventilation process.

[0049] A protective plate 638 is provided on one side of the base 631 close to the heading face 305; the protective plate 638 is made of high-strength and impact-resistant materials and can effectively block flying stones, sundries, etc. during construction to avoid damage to the walking frame 603.

[0050] In a further embodiment, the flow guide cylinder 7 includes several pairs of fixing blocks 701, and a fixing shaft 702 is provided between each pair of fixing blocks 701; A rotating sleeve 705 is rotatably provided on the fixing shaft 702. A bearing is provided between the rotating sleeve 705 and the fixing shaft 702 for the stable rotation of the rotating sleeve 705; the rotating sleeve 705 is provided with a movable plate 703. Several movable plates 703 are combined into a conical cylinder. The edges of the movable plates 703 are only in contact, and a through hole 704 is provided at the end of the combined conical cylinder; The movable plate 703 is provided with a fixing plate 706. An installation seat 707 is provided on the fixing plate 706. A motor 708 is provided on the installation seat 707. The motor 708 is preferably a stepping motor and is connected and controlled in an existing manner. A first gear 709 is provided on the output shaft of the motor 708; a second gear 710 is fixedly connected to the fixing shaft 702, and the first gear 709 meshes with the second gear 710.

[0051] During use, the starting motor 708 drives the first gear 709 to rotate, thereby driving the second gear 710 to rotate. Since the fixed shaft 702 and the second gear 710 are in a fixed state, when the first gear 709 rotates, the first gear 709 will rotate around the fixed shaft 702, thereby driving the motor 708, the fixed plate 706 and the movable plate 703 to rotate around the fixed shaft 702, thereby changing the opening size of the guide cylinder 7. Construction workers can adjust the angle of the movable plate 703 according to the actual ventilation requirements in the diversion tunnel to adjust the proportion of fresh air entering the heading face 305 and the air outlet 605, with better adaptability.

[0052] The isolation structure of the present application can be used not only for the construction of multiple working faces in the diversion tunnel, but also for the construction of single working faces or other tunnels.

[0053] The above embodiments are only the preferred technical solutions of the present invention and should not be regarded as limitations on the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention should be the technical solutions recorded in the claims, including equivalent replacement solutions of the technical features in the technical solutions recorded in the claims. That is, equivalent replacement improvements within this scope are also within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A ventilation structure for construction of diversion tunnel with multiple working surfaces, characterized by: It comprises a plurality of first fans (1) and a second fan (2) arranged at the opening of a construction branch tunnel (301), wherein the construction branch tunnel (301) is connected to a plurality of diversion tunnels; The first fan (1) is provided with a main exhaust pipe (101), and the main exhaust pipe (101) is connected to a plurality of branch exhaust pipes (102) via a connector (4); The second fan (2) is provided with a main air inlet pipe (201), and the main air inlet pipe (201) is connected to a plurality of branch air inlet pipes (202) via a connector (4); An isolation structure (6) is provided in the diversion tunnel. The isolation structure (6) is close to the tunnel face (305) of the diversion tunnel. The branch air inlet pipe (202) and the branch air exhaust pipe (102) are connected to the isolation structure (6).

2. According to claim 1, a ventilation structure for construction of diversion tunnel with multiple working surfaces, characterized in that: The plurality of diversion holes are respectively a first diversion hole (302), a second diversion hole (303) and a third diversion hole (304); Valves (5) are provided in the branch air inlet pipe (202) and the branch air exhaust pipe (102); the branch air inlet pipe (202) delivers fresh air (203) into the diversion hole, and the branch air exhaust pipe (102) exhausts the polluted air (103) in the diversion hole.

3. According to claim 1, a ventilation structure for construction of diversion tunnel with multiple working surfaces, characterized in that: The isolation structure (6) comprises a partition (601) arranged in the diversion tunnel, a door hole (604) is arranged at the bottom end of the partition (601), and a walking frame (603) is arranged at the bottom of the partition (601); A top plate (602) is provided on the top of the partition (601), a plurality of tie rods (621) are provided on the bottom of the top plate (602), and a support plate (622) is provided on the bottom of the tie rods (621); The partition (601) is provided with an exhaust duct connecting pipe (606), and the exhaust duct connecting pipe (606) is connected to the branch exhaust duct (102); The partition plate (601) is provided with an air inlet pipe connecting pipe (607), and the air inlet pipe connecting pipe (607) is connected to the branch air inlet pipe (202); An air outlet hole (605) is provided in the partition (601), and the air outlet hole (605) is connected to the air inlet pipe connecting pipe (607); The support plate (622) is located at the bottom of the branch air inlet pipe (202) and the branch air exhaust pipe (102).

4. According to claim 3, a ventilation structure for construction of diversion tunnel with multiple working surfaces, characterized in that: The walking frame (603) comprises a base (631) fixed to the bottom of the partition (601), a wheel groove (632) is provided in the base (631), and a walking wheel (633) is provided in the wheel groove (632); A movable groove (634) is provided on a side of the bottom of the base (631) away from the tunnel face (305), a support leg (635) is rotatably arranged in the movable groove (634), and a groove (636) is provided on a side of the support leg (635); The bottom of the supporting leg (635) is provided with a fixing tooth (637); A protective plate (638) is provided on one side of the base (631) close to the tunnel face (305).

5. According to claim 3, a diversion tunnel multi-working surface construction ventilation structure is characterized by: The exhaust pipe connecting pipe (606) comprises a first inner pipe (661), and a first hose (662) is provided at one end of the first inner pipe (661) away from the tunnel face (305), and the first hose (662) is connected to the branch exhaust pipe (102); The air inlet pipe connecting pipe (607) comprises a second inner pipe (671) and a fixed pipe (672); a gap is provided between the second inner pipe (671) and the fixed pipe (672); the gap is communicated with the air outlet (605); a second hose (673) is provided at one end of the fixed pipe (672) away from the tunnel face (305); and the second hose (673) is connected to the branch air inlet pipe (202); The air outlet (605) comprises a cavity (651) disposed inside the partition (601), the cavity (651) being in communication with the gap, a plurality of first air holes (652) being disposed at the edge of the partition (601), and a plurality of second air holes (653) being disposed on a side of the partition (601) away from the tunnel face (305); A flow guide tube (7) is provided at one end of the second inner tube (671) close to the fixed tube (672); the flow guide tube (7) is located inside the second inner tube (671) and extends into the fixed tube (672); the flow guide tube (7) is a conical tube with two ends connected.

6. According to claim 5, a ventilation structure for construction of diversion tunnel with multiple working surfaces, characterized in that: The guide tube (7) comprises a plurality of pairs of fixing blocks (701), and a fixing shaft (702) is provided between each pair of fixing blocks (701); A rotating sleeve (705) is rotatably disposed on the fixed shaft (702), and a bearing is disposed between the rotating sleeve (705) and the fixed shaft (702); The rotating sleeve (705) is provided with a movable plate (703), and a plurality of movable plates (703) are combined into a conical cylinder, the edges of the movable plates (703) are only in contact, and the end of the combined conical cylinder is provided with a through hole (704); The movable plate (703) is provided with a fixed plate (706), the fixed plate (706) is provided with a mounting seat (707), the mounting seat (707) is provided with a motor (708), and the output shaft of the motor (708) is provided with a first gear (709); The fixed shaft (702) is fixedly connected to a second gear (710), and the first gear (709) is meshed with the second gear (710).

7. A ventilation method for construction of a diversion tunnel with multiple working surfaces, characterized by: The use of a diversion tunnel multi-working surface construction ventilation structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6 comprises the following steps: S1. An exhaust axial flow fan and an air inlet axial flow fan are installed at the opening of the construction branch tunnel (301); S2, an exhaust axial flow fan and an inlet axial flow fan are respectively connected to the main exhaust duct (101) and the main inlet duct (201); S3, the main exhaust pipe (101) is connected to the branch exhaust pipe (102) to the diversion tunnel, and the main air inlet pipe (201) is connected to the branch air inlet pipe (202) to the diversion tunnel; S4. Start the exhaust axial flow fan and the air inlet axial flow fan to drive air circulation and complete ventilation.

8. A ventilation method for construction of a diversion tunnel with multiple working surfaces according to claim 7, characterized in that: A particle size sensor is provided on the inner side of the isolation structure (6), and based on data detected by the particle size sensor, the control unit controls the power of the exhaust axial flow fan and the intake axial flow fan and the opening of the main intake duct (201).

9. A diversion tunnel multi-working surface construction isolation structure, characterized by: It comprises a partition (601) arranged in the diversion tunnel, a door hole (604) is arranged at the bottom end of the partition (601), and a walking frame (603) is arranged at the bottom of the partition (601); A top plate (602) is provided on the top of the partition (601), a plurality of tie rods (621) are provided on the bottom of the top plate (602), and a support plate (622) is provided on the bottom of the tie rods (621); The partition (601) is provided with an exhaust duct connecting pipe (606), and the exhaust duct connecting pipe (606) is connected to the exhaust duct; The partition (601) is provided with an air inlet pipe connecting pipe (607), and the air inlet pipe connecting pipe (607) is connected to the air inlet duct; An air outlet hole (605) is provided in the partition (601), and the air outlet hole (605) is connected to the air inlet pipe connecting pipe (607); The support plate (622) is located at the bottom of the exhaust duct and the inlet duct.

10. A diversion tunnel multi-working surface construction isolation structure according to claim 9, characterized in that: The walking frame (603) comprises a base (631) fixed to the bottom of the partition (601), a wheel groove (632) is provided in the base (631), and a walking wheel (633) is provided in the wheel groove (632); A movable groove (634) is provided on a side of the bottom of the base (631) away from the tunnel face (305), a support leg (635) is rotatably arranged in the movable groove (634), and a groove (636) is provided on a side of the support leg (635); The bottom of the supporting leg (635) is provided with a fixing tooth (637); A protective plate (638) is provided on one side of the base (631) close to the tunnel face (305); The exhaust pipe connecting pipe (606) comprises a first inner pipe (661), and a first hose (662) is provided at one end of the first inner pipe (661) away from the tunnel face (305), and the first hose (662) is connected to the exhaust pipe; The air inlet pipe connecting pipe (607) comprises a second inner pipe (671) and a fixed pipe (672); a gap is provided between the second inner pipe (671) and the fixed pipe (672); the gap is communicated with the air outlet (605); a second hose (673) is provided at one end of the fixed pipe (672) away from the tunnel face (305); and the second hose (673) is connected to the air inlet pipe; The air outlet (605) comprises a cavity (651) disposed inside the partition (601), the cavity (651) being in communication with the gap, a plurality of first air holes (652) being disposed at the edge of the partition (601), and a plurality of second air holes (653) being disposed on a side of the partition (601) away from the tunnel face (305); A flow guide tube (7) is provided at one end of the second inner tube (671) close to the fixed tube (672); the flow guide tube (7) is located inside the second inner tube (671) and extends into the fixed tube (672); the flow guide tube (7) is a conical tube with two ends connected; The guide tube (7) comprises a plurality of pairs of fixing blocks (701), and a fixing shaft (702) is provided between each pair of fixing blocks (701); A rotating sleeve (705) is rotatably disposed on the fixed shaft (702), and a bearing is disposed between the rotating sleeve (705) and the fixed shaft (702); The rotating sleeve (705) is provided with a movable plate (703), and a plurality of movable plates (703) are combined into a conical cylinder, the edges of the movable plates (703) are only in contact, and the end of the combined conical cylinder is provided with a through hole (704); The movable plate (703) is provided with a fixed plate (706), the fixed plate (706) is provided with a mounting seat (707), the mounting seat (707) is provided with a motor (708), and the output shaft of the motor (708) is provided with a first gear (709); The fixed shaft (702) is fixedly connected to a second gear (710), and the first gear (709) is meshed with the second gear (710).

Images