Weeding equipment for potato planting in cold and arid areas

Abstract

The invention discloses weeding equipment for potato planting in cold and arid areas, and relates to the technical field of potato planting, the weeding equipment comprises a main beam and a control module arranged on the main beam, the upper end of the main beam is fixedly connected with a handrail, the outer wall of the main beam is fixedly connected with a cross beam, and the two ends of the cross beam are fixedly connected with rollers; the two ends of the cross beam are fixedly connected with shielding plates, a pesticide applying mechanism is arranged on the front side of the main beam and comprises a pesticide pump, a pesticide supply assembly, a shovel plate and a pesticide wiping block on the lower side of the shovel plate, the pesticide pump is electrically connected with a control module, and the pesticide pump can pump pesticide to the pesticide wiping block; by arranging the pesticide wiping block made of a sponge material and the pesticide applying path with the front side pressing down weeds and the rear side making contact with the pesticide wiping block, the weeds can make full contact with pesticide liquid on the surface of the pesticide wiping block in the springback process, pesticide liquid wiping type directional pesticide applying is achieved, and the beneficial effects that potato growth is guaranteed, and the pesticide dosage and environment residues are reduced are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of potato planting, and specifically to a weeding device for potato planting in cold and arid regions. Background Art

[0002] As one of the main food and cash crops in cold and arid regions, the prevention and control of field weeds during the potato planting process has an important impact on the crop yield and quality. Traditional weeding methods mainly rely on manual weeding or large-area spraying of chemical herbicides. However, in cold and arid regions, the labor cost is high, the labor force is tense, and the wind is strong. There are problems such as serious drift, uneven spraying, and low drug efficacy in conventional spray application. In addition, the potato leaves grow close to the ground, and spray application is likely to cause the liquid medicine to adhere to the crop leaves, increasing the risk of phytotoxicity. In severe cases, it can lead to growth inhibition or even yield reduction. Moreover, the land in cold and arid regions has weak ability to cope with pesticide residues, and it is necessary to reduce the pesticide pollution of the land.

[0003] The existing Chinese patent with the publication number CN114304125B discloses an atomization device and a potato plant protection machine. This device can fold the folding arm to the required posture, thereby ensuring that the pesticide can be sprayed on the lower leaves as much as possible, and then achieving the effect of reducing the contact between the potato plants and the liquid medicine. However, during the spraying process, the plants are still affected by the medicine, and there is more pesticide residue on the land. Moreover, it lacks the ability to identify and dynamically respond to the status of crops and weeds in real time, resulting in inaccurate control of parameters such as spraying height, time, and concentration, seriously restricting the weeding efficiency and the safety of pesticide application.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an intelligent weeding device that can adapt to the operating environment in cold and arid regions, take into account crop protection, precise pesticide application, and the contact effect with weeds, so as to improve the mechanization level of weeding operations, ensure the healthy growth of potatoes, and reduce the amount of pesticides used and environmental residues. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a weeding device for potato planting in cold and arid regions to solve the problems raised in the above background art.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A weeding device for potato planting in cold and arid regions includes a main beam and a control module arranged on the main beam. The upper end of the main beam is fixedly connected with a handrail, the outer wall of the main beam is fixedly connected with a cross beam, both ends of the cross beam are fixedly connected with rollers, and both ends of the cross beam are fixedly connected with shielding plates. A pesticide application mechanism is arranged on the front side of the main beam.

[0007] The pesticide application mechanism includes a medicine pump, a medicine supply component, a shovel plate, and a wiping block below the shovel plate.

[0008] The medicine pump is electrically connected to the control module, and the medicine pump can pump medicine to the medicine application block. The medicine application block is made of sponge material, and the shovel plate is a plate-shaped structure with a downward slope on the front side.

[0009] According to the above technical solution, the medicine supply assembly includes a medicine box, which is located at the upper rear side of the main beam. The outer wall of the medicine box is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the main beam. One side of the medicine box is fixedly connected with a first connecting pipe, and the other end of the first connecting pipe is fixedly connected to the input end of the medicine pump. The input end of the medicine pump is communicated with the inside of the medicine box through the first connecting pipe. The output end of the medicine pump is fixedly connected with a second connecting pipe, and the other end of the second connecting pipe is fixedly connected with a cross pipe. Two third connecting pipes are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the cross pipe, and the other end of the third connecting pipe is fixedly connected with an atomizing nozzle. The outer wall of the atomizing nozzle is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the medicine application block.

[0010] According to the above technical solution, the upper surface of the shovel plate is fixedly connected to the lower end of the main beam, the outer wall of the cross pipe is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the shovel plate, the height of the lower rear surface of the shovel plate is higher than the height of the front end of the shovel plate, the medicine application block is located at the lower rear side of the shovel plate, and a moving mechanism is also provided on the shovel plate.

[0011] According to the above technical solution, the moving mechanism includes a rotating rod, the outer wall of the rotating rod is hinged to the lower surface of the shovel plate, one end of the rotating rod is provided with an angle sensor, the outer wall of the angle sensor is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the shovel plate, one end of the rotating rod is fixedly connected to the input end of the angle sensor, a detection plate is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating rod, a bracket is fixedly connected to the upper side of the shovel plate, an electric telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the bracket, the lower end of the electric telescopic rod penetrates through the shovel plate and extends to the lower side of the shovel plate, one end of the electric telescopic rod located on the lower side of the shovel plate is fixedly connected with a connecting plate, the lower surface of the connecting plate is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the medicine application block, and the upper surface of the atomizing nozzle is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the connecting plate.

[0012] According to the above technical solution, both the electric telescopic rod and the angle sensor are electrically connected to the control module, and the angle sensor can detect the deflection angle of the rotating rod and output it to the control module. The electric telescopic rod can support the connecting plate and the medicine application block to move in the up and down directions.

[0013] According to the above technical solution, detection grooves are provided on both the left side and the right side of the medicine application block. Conductive blocks are fixedly connected to the inner walls of the detection grooves, wires are fixedly connected to the outer walls of the conductive blocks, and the two conductive blocks are respectively electrically connected to the control module through the two wires.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are as follows: the present invention is provided with a shovel plate with a downwardly inclined front side, so that the branches and leaves of potato plants on the field ridges can be shoveled upwards during the weeding operation, effectively avoiding direct contact between the plants and the rubbing block, reducing the risk of drug damage to potato plants, and ensuring the safety of crops;

[0015] By providing a sponge-made medicine wiping block and a medicine application path that presses down the weeds at the front side and contacts the weeds at the back side, the weeds can be fully contacted with the medicine liquid on the surface of the medicine wiping block during the rebound process, so as to achieve the directional medicine application by wiping the medicine liquid, avoid the drift loss caused by the wind interference of the spray in cold and arid areas, and improve the accuracy and uniformity of the weed control effect;

[0016] By providing a detection plate that naturally droops due to gravity and a rotating rod that drives it to rotate, an angle sensor, an electric telescopic rod with adjustable height, and a connecting plate, the height of the weeds can be calculated in real time according to the deflection angle of the weed rebound support detection plate, and the height of the medicine block can be adjusted to achieve full contact with weeds of different heights, thereby enhancing the consistency and adaptability of weed control;

[0017] By providing left and right side detection slots and built-in conductive blocks and wires, and using the resistance change of the wet medicine block to judge its liquid status, the humidity change of the medicine block can be monitored in real time to control the working state of the medicine pump, thereby avoiding the problem of weed control failure due to excessive dripping or too little medicine liquid, and improving the utilization efficiency of the medicine liquid and the stability of the operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0019] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the local structure of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the shovel plate structure of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the lower side structure of the shovel plate of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the pesticide dispensing mechanism of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 The present invention Figure 4 A is a schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of the middle part;

[0025] In the figure: 1, main beam; 2, control module; 3, handrail; 4, cross beam; 5, roller; 6, baffle; 7, pesticide application mechanism; 701, medicine box; 702, first connecting pipe; 703, medicine pump; 704, second connecting pipe; 705, shovel plate; 706, horizontal pipe; 707, third connecting pipe; 708, atomizing nozzle; 709, medicine wiping block; 710, moving mechanism; 711, conductive block; 712, wire; 101, rotating rod; 102, angle sensor; 103, detection plate; 104, bracket; 105, electric telescopic rod; 106, connecting plate. Specific implementation mode

[0026] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0027] Please refer to Figures 1-6 , the present invention provides a technical solution: a weeding device for potato planting in cold and arid regions, including a main beam 1 and a control module 2 arranged on the main beam 1. A handrail 3 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the main beam 1, a cross beam 4 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the main beam 1, rollers 5 are fixedly connected to both ends of the cross beam 4, and baffles 6 are fixedly connected to both ends of the cross beam 4. A pesticide application mechanism 7 is arranged on the front side of the main beam 1;

[0028] In the application of this device, the pesticide application mechanism 7 is placed in the middle of the pesticide application furrow, and the two rollers 5 on both sides are located in two furrows on both sides of the pesticide application furrow. The pesticide application staff holds the handrail 3 and pushes the device to move. The four rollers 5 can provide stable support for the cross beam 4 and the main beam 1. Moreover, the baffle 6 is arranged outside the roller 5. The baffle 6 is a shell structure with an opening on the lower side, and the lower part of the front side of the baffle 6 extends forward. Therefore, during the movement, the baffle 6 can push the leaves of the potato plants on the front side to both sides, reducing the rolling damage to the leaves caused by the roller 5 during the traveling process. During the traveling process, the pesticide application mechanism 7 is used for weeding operation in the furrow;

[0029] The medicine application mechanism 7 includes a medicine pump 703, a medicine supply component, a shovel plate 705, and a medicine wiping block 709 on the lower side of the shovel plate 705. The medicine pump 703 is electrically connected to the control module 2, and the medicine pump 703 can pump medicine to the medicine wiping block 709. The medicine wiping block 709 is made of sponge material, and the shovel plate 705 is a plate-like structure with the front side inclined downward. The medicine supply component includes a medicine box 701. The medicine box 701 is located at the upper rear side of the main beam 1, and the outer wall of the medicine box 701 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the main beam 1. One side of the medicine box 701 is fixedly connected with a first connecting pipe 702, and the other end of the first connecting pipe 702 is fixedly connected to the input end of the medicine pump 703. The input end of the medicine pump 703 is communicated with the inside of the medicine box 701 through the first connecting pipe 702. The output end of the medicine pump 703 is fixedly connected with a second connecting pipe 704, and the other end of the second connecting pipe 704 is fixedly connected with a cross pipe 706. Two third connecting pipes 707 are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the cross pipe 706, and the other end of the third connecting pipe 707 is fixedly connected with an atomizing nozzle 708. The outer wall of the atomizing nozzle 708 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the medicine wiping block 709. The upper surface of the shovel plate 705 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the main beam 1, and the outer wall of the cross pipe 706 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the shovel plate 705. The height of the lower rear surface of the shovel plate 705 is higher than the height of the front end of the shovel plate 705. The medicine wiping block 709 is located at the lower rear side of the shovel plate 705, and a moving mechanism 710 is further arranged on the shovel plate 705;

[0030] During the weeding operation, the medicine pump 703 is started through the control module 2, so that the medicine pump 703 extracts the pre-loaded liquid medicine in the medicine box 701 through the first connecting pipe 702. Then, the liquid medicine is pumped into the inside of the atomizing nozzle 708 by the medicine pump 703 through the second connecting pipe 704, the cross pipe 706, and the third connecting pipe 707. Subsequently, it is sprayed into the medicine wiping block 709 through the atomizing nozzle 708, making the medicine wiping block 709 moistened with the liquid medicine. During the traveling process, since the front side of the shovel plate 705 is inclined downward, the shovel plate 705 will shovel up the branches and leaves of the potato plants on both sides of the ridge, avoiding the contact between the potato plant leaves and the medicine wiping block 709, thereby reducing the damage to the potato plants. And the weeds in the furrow are squeezed downward by the front side of the shovel plate 705. After passing through the weeds on the front side of the shovel plate 705, the weeds rebound and contact the traveling medicine wiping block 709, and the liquid medicine on the surface of the medicine wiping block 709 will be coated on the surface of the weeds, thereby completing the medicine application and weeding process. It can avoid the uneven spraying affected by the wind in cold and arid regions in the traditional spraying method, and reduce the contact between the liquid medicine and the soil, avoiding the situation that the pesticide residue in dry land lasts for a long time and reducing the impact on the subsequent sowing. And when applying the closed medicine in the early stage of potato planting, the medicine wiping block 709 can be removed, and the liquid medicine is directly sprayed into the furrow evenly through the atomizing nozzle 708 to achieve the effect of uniform spraying;

[0031] The moving mechanism 710 includes a rotating rod 101. The outer wall of the rotating rod 101 is hinged to the lower surface of the shovel plate 705. One end of the rotating rod 101 is provided with an angle sensor 102. The outer wall of the angle sensor 102 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the shovel plate 705. One end of the rotating rod 101 is fixedly connected to the input end of the angle sensor 102. The outer wall of the rotating rod 101 is fixedly connected with a detection plate 103. A bracket 104 is fixedly connected to the upper side of the shovel plate 705. An electric telescopic rod 105 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the bracket 104. The lower end of the electric telescopic rod 105 penetrates through the shovel plate 705 and extends to the lower side of the shovel plate 705. One end of the electric telescopic rod 105 located on the lower side of the shovel plate 705 is fixedly connected with a connecting plate 106. The lower surface of the connecting plate 106 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the medicine application block 709. And the upper surface of the atomizing nozzle 708 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the connecting plate 106. Both the electric telescopic rod 105 and the angle sensor 102 are electrically connected to the control module 2. And the angle sensor 102 can detect the deflection angle of the rotating rod 101 and output it to the control module 2. The electric telescopic rod 105 can support the connecting plate 106 and the medicine application block 709 to move in the up and down directions;

[0032] During the movement of the shovel plate 705, the detection plate 103 droops due to gravity. And the weeds crushed by the front side of the shovel plate 705 will rebound along the slope of the lower surface of the front side of the shovel plate 705 after passing through the front end of the shovel plate 705. During the rebound process, the upper side of the weeds will support the detection plate 103 to deflect upward. Taking the angle when the detection plate 103 naturally droops as the initial angle, the detection plate 103 can be supported by the weeds to deflect upward from the rear side, driving the rotating rod 101 to rotate and generate a deflection angle. This angle is detected by the angle sensor 102 and transmitted to the control module 2. The control module 2 calculates the distance from the weeds to the rotating rod 101 through the deflection angle of the detection plate 103 and the length of the detection plate 103, and subtracts this distance from the preset height of the rotating rod 101 from the ground to obtain the weed height. Then, the control module 2 compares the lowest weed heights detected by several groups of angle sensors 102 and detection plates 103. Subsequently, the control module 2 starts the electric telescopic rod 105 to push the connecting plate 106 downward, thereby driving the connecting plate 106 and the medicine application block 709 to move downward, so that the medicine application block 709 moves down to the height of the lowest weeds. During this process, the displacement of the medicine application block 709 lags behind the detection result of the angle sensor 102, so that the medicine application block 709 moves forward to the detected weed position, thereby adjusting the height of the medicine application block 709 in real time, making the medicine application block 709 contact the weeds more evenly;

[0033] The specific calculation method of the weed height is as follows:

[0034] First, calculate the distance from the top of the weed to the bottom of the rod through the angle:

[0035] d = L 103 ·sin(θ)

[0036] Where: L103 Let \(L\) be the length of the detection board 103, \(\theta\) be the deflection angle of the probe rod measured by the angle sensor 102, and \(d\) be the height difference in the vertical direction from the top of the weed to the suspension point of the detection board 103;

[0037] The actual height of the weed is calculated as:

[0038] Let: \(H\) ref be the preset vertical height from the rotating rod 101 to the ground, and \(h\) weed be the height of the weed;

[0039] Then:

[0040] \(h\) weed = \(H\) ref - \(d\) = \(H\) ref - \(L\) 103 ·sin(\(\theta\))

[0041] Detection grooves are provided on both the left side and the right side of the medicine wiping block 709. Conductive blocks 711 are fixedly connected to the inner walls of the detection grooves. Conductive wires 712 are fixedly connected to the outer walls of the conductive blocks 711. The two conductive blocks 711 are respectively electrically connected to the control module 2 through the two conductive wires 712;

[0042] During the use of the device, since the medicine wiping block 709 conducts electricity when it contains water, the control module 2 energizes the two conductive blocks 711 through the conductive wires 712, calculates the resistance value of the medicine wiping block 709 through current attenuation, and obtains the water content of the medicine wiping block 709 from this value, so as to control in real time whether the medicine pump 703 works to pump medicine, avoid the dripping of the liquid medicine caused by the over-wet medicine wiping block 709, and avoid the ineffective weeding caused by the too low liquid medicine content of the medicine wiping block 709;

[0043] Specifically:

[0044] Let: \(V\) in be the input voltage, \(R1\) be the voltage dividing resistor, and \(R\) s be the current resistance value of the medicine wiping block 709, and \(V\) out be the measured voltage;

[0045] According to the voltage division formula:

[0046]

[0047] After arrangement, the resistance value \(R\) of the medicine wiping block 709 can be obtained s :

[0048]

[0049] An empirical model can be established for the water content estimation, corresponding the measured resistance value to the wetness of the medicine wiping block 709. For example: \(R\) s < 10 kΩ means wet, in the state of pausing the medicine pumping, 10 kΩ ≤ \(R\) s<100kΩ is the critical state, maintain the current, R s ≥100kΩ means dry, start the pump to administer medicine.

[0050] It should be noted that in this text, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the term "comprising", "including" or any other variation thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0051] Finally, it should be noted that the above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A weeding device for potato planting in cold and arid regions, comprising a main beam (1) and a control module (2) arranged on the main beam (1), characterized in that: The upper end of the main beam (1) is fixedly connected with a handrail (3). The outer wall of the main beam (1) is fixedly connected with a cross beam (4). Both ends of the cross beam (4) are fixedly connected with rollers (5), and both ends of the cross beam (4) are fixedly connected with shielding plates (6). A medicine application mechanism (7) is arranged on the front side of the main beam (1). The medicine application mechanism (7) includes a medicine pump (703), a medicine supply assembly, a shovel plate (705), and a medicine wiping block (709) below the shovel plate (705). The medicine pump (703) is electrically connected to the control module (2), and the medicine pump (703) can pump medicine to the medicine wiping block (709). The medicine wiping block (709) is made of sponge material, and the shovel plate (705) is a plate-shaped structure with a downward inclination on the front side.

2. The weeding device for potato planting in cold and arid regions according to claim 1, wherein: The medicine supply assembly includes a medicine box (701). The medicine box (701) is located at the upper rear side of the main beam (1). The outer wall of the medicine box (701) is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the main beam (1). One side of the medicine box (701) is fixedly connected with a first connecting pipe (702). The other end of the first connecting pipe (702) is fixedly connected to the input end of the medicine pump (703). The input end of the medicine pump (703) is communicated with the inside of the medicine box (701) through the first connecting pipe (702). The output end of the medicine pump (703) is fixedly connected with a second connecting pipe (704). The other end of the second connecting pipe (704) is fixedly connected with a horizontal pipe (706). Two third connecting pipes (707) are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the horizontal pipe (706). The other end of the third connecting pipe (707) is fixedly connected with an atomizing nozzle (708). The outer wall of the atomizing nozzle (708) is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the medicine wiping block (709).

3. The weeding device for potato planting in cold and arid regions according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper surface of the shovel plate (705) is fixedly connected with the lower end of the main beam (1). The outer wall of the horizontal pipe (706) is fixedly connected with the lower surface of the shovel plate (705). The height of the lower rear surface of the shovel plate (705) is higher than the height of the front end of the shovel plate (705). The medicine wiping block (709) is located at the lower rear side of the shovel plate (705), and a moving mechanism (710) is also arranged on the shovel plate (705).

4. The weeding device for potato planting in cold and arid regions according to claim 3, wherein: The moving mechanism (710) includes a rotating rod (101). The outer wall of the rotating rod (101) is hinged to the lower surface of the shovel plate (705). One end of the rotating rod (101) is provided with an angle sensor (102). The outer wall of the angle sensor (102) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the shovel plate (705). One end of the rotating rod (101) is fixedly connected to the input end of the angle sensor (102). A detection plate (103) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating rod (101). A bracket (104) is fixedly connected to the upper side of the shovel plate (705). An electric telescopic rod (105) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the bracket (104). The lower end of the electric telescopic rod (105) penetrates through the shovel plate (705) and extends to the lower side of the shovel plate (705). One end of the electric telescopic rod (105) located on the lower side of the shovel plate (705) is fixedly connected to a connecting plate (106). The lower surface of the connecting plate (106) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the medicine rubbing block (709). And the upper surface of the atomizing nozzle (708) is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the connecting plate (106).

5. The weeding device for potato planting in cold and arid regions according to claim 4, characterized in that: Both the electric telescopic rod (105) and the angle sensor (102) are electrically connected to the control module (2). And the angle sensor (102) can detect the deflection angle of the rotating rod (101) and output it to the control module (2). The electric telescopic rod (105) can support the connecting plate (106) and the medicine rubbing block (709) to move in the up and down directions.

6. The weeding device for potato planting in cold and arid regions according to claim 5, characterized in that: Detection grooves are formed on both the left side and the right side of the medicine rubbing block (709). Conductive blocks (711) are fixedly connected to the inner walls of the detection grooves. Wires (712) are fixedly connected to the outer walls of the conductive blocks (711). The two conductive blocks (711) are respectively electrically connected to the control module (2) through the two wires (712).

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