Micro-ecological fish, shrimp and crab feed low-temperature granulation equipment and method

Abstract

The invention discloses micro-ecological fish, shrimp and crab feed low-temperature granulation equipment and method, and belongs to the technical field of fish and shrimp feed production. According to the pre-coating device, when the driving part drives the roller body to rotate, the roller body rotates and can make contact with the coating roller on one side through the pressing groove, after the coating roller makes contact with the roller body, the pre-coating medium is coated in the pressing groove through the coating roller, and at the moment, the multiple oil immersion grooves in the inner side of the pressing groove can make the pre-coating medium fully cast in the pressing groove through the tension of the groove body; when the roller bodies on the two sides rotate relative to each other to press materials through the pressing grooves, the pre-coating media can wrap the outer sides of the materials through pressure, the materials can be prevented from staying in the pressing grooves due to the pressure on the basis of the characteristics of the pre-coating media, and the material granulation integrity is improved; pressing stability of particles can be improved, and the durable life is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of the production of fish, shrimp and crab feeds, and particularly relates to a low-temperature granulation device and method for microecological fish, shrimp and crab feeds. Background Art

[0002] Microecological fish, shrimp and crab feeds refer to bio-living bacteria preparation feeds made by using known beneficial microorganisms through special processes such as cultivation, rejuvenation, fermentation, embedding, and drying under the guidance of the microecological theory. These microbial preparations can be used for aquaculture animals such as fish, shrimp, and crabs to help maintain the microecological balance inside and outside their bodies.

[0003] The Chinese invention patent with the authorization announcement number CN118267928B discloses a pet food granulation device and its manufacturing method, including a granulation machine frame body, a forming component, a spraying component, and a separating component. A material tank is provided at the upper end of the granulation machine frame body, and a dispersing shaft is horizontally arranged in the material tank. Horizontally and symmetrically arranged at the lower end of the material tank of the dispersing shaft are a multi-functional center table and a pressure roller. Two arc-shaped forming plates with several forming grooves are installed on the rotating component through the installation component. During the granulation operation, the arc-shaped forming plate is controlled to cooperate with the pressure roller through the rotating component, and then a spraying component and a separating component are respectively arranged on both sides of the multi-functional center table. When the arc-shaped forming plate rotates past the two, oil coating and auxiliary separation from the tank body are respectively carried out to improve the separation effect of food particles from the forming grooves. However, in actual use, the hollow pressure roller is prone to wear and deformation under pressure operation, affecting the pressure control accuracy and resulting in poor forming effects, leaving room for improvement. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to propose a low-temperature granulation device and method for microecological fish, shrimp and crab feeds to solve the problem that the hollow pressure roller is prone to wear and deformation under pressure operation, affecting the pressure control accuracy and resulting in poor forming effects.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A low-temperature granulation device for microecological fish, shrimp and crab feeds includes a granulation machine body and a guiding groove. A cover body is provided on one side of the guiding groove, and a driving part is provided at the rear of the granulation machine body. A pressure roller mechanism is provided on one side of the granulation machine body, and the pressure roller mechanism is located inside the cover body. A material receiving box is installed at the top of the guiding groove, and the material in the material receiving box is pressed and granulated by the pressure roller mechanism and then discharged from the bottom of the guiding groove. An inlet guiding mechanism is provided at the top of the pressure roller mechanism. The material receiving box is communicated with the inlet guiding mechanism, and the inlet guiding mechanism is installed on one side of the front base of the granulation mechanism. Precoating mechanisms are provided on both sides at the top of the pressure roller mechanism, and each precoating mechanism includes a coating roller. The coating roller is communicated with an external pumping device. One end of the coating roller is connected to the front side of the granulation machine body through a rotating shaft, and liquid is injected onto the surface of the coating roller through the pumping device and coated on the surface of the pressure roller mechanism.

[0006] As a further description of the above technical solution: The pressing roller mechanism comprises a roller body, a plurality of pressing grooves are arranged in an array on the surface of the roller body, a plurality of oil immersion grooves are arranged around the inner cavity of the pressing groove, a liquid containing groove is arranged at the bottom of the inner cavity of the pressing groove, and the liquid containing groove is communicated with the oil immersion groove.

[0007] As a further description of the above technical solution: The pre-coating mechanism comprises a coating roller, a plurality of nozzles are arranged in an equidistant array along the axis on the outer peripheral side of the coating roller, and a limiting frame is sleeved between the plurality of nozzles in the same row, and the nozzles are telescopically connected in the limiting frame.

[0008] As a further description of the above technical solution: The front side of the nozzle is connected with a wetting membrane, the wetting membrane is hemispherical, and the outer peripheral side of the wetting membrane is connected with a shielding plate.

[0009] As a further description of the above technical solution: The outer periphery of the nozzle is connected to fixed blocks on both sides, one side of the fixed block is connected to a telescopic rod, the other end of the telescopic rod is connected to a connecting block, the connecting block is connected to one side of the inner cavity of the limit frame, and a first spring is sleeved on the outside of the telescopic rod, and the two ends of the first spring are respectively connected to the corresponding positions of the fixed block and the connecting block, so that the pre-covering mechanism is fully fitted through the extension and contraction of the nozzle.

[0010] As a further description of the above technical solution: A supporting mechanism is installed in the cover body, and the supporting mechanism includes a baffle plate, a sliding rod is connected to one side of the baffle plate, a fixing piece is arranged outside the sliding rod, and the fixing piece is connected to one side of the inner cavity of the cover body, a second spring is arranged outside the sliding rod, and two ends of the second spring are respectively connected to corresponding positions of the fixing piece and one side of the baffle plate, and one end of the sliding rod away from the baffle plate is connected to a limiting block, and the sliding rod is limited to disengagement by the limiting block, and an insertion rod is connected to one side of the baffle plate, and the insertion rod is inserted into the top of the roller body through the opening and closing of the cover body.

[0011] As a further description of the above technical solution: The feed guiding mechanism includes a barrel, which is connected to a material receiving box through a feeding pipe and is installed in a cover body. A plurality of feeding nozzles are provided at the bottom of the barrel along the axial direction. A fixing rod is installed in the barrel, and a plurality of inserts are provided outside the fixing rod along the axial direction. The insert includes a fixing portion connected to the fixing rod, and opposite deflectors are provided on both sides of the fixing portion, and the length of the deflector on the side close to the feeding nozzle is greater than that of the deflector on the other side.

[0012] As a further description of the above technical solution: A material cover is installed on the front side of the material barrel, and the material pipe is provided with a material inlet valve.

[0013] As a further description of the above technical solution: A blanking plate is connected to the bottom side of the inner cavity of the cover, and baffles are connected to both sides of the bottom of the cover corresponding to the positions of the rollers, and the ends of the baffles are in contact with one side of the bottom of the rollers.

[0014] As a further description of the above technical solution: A low-temperature granulation method for microecological fish, shrimp and crab feed specifically includes the following steps: S1. Fish paste preparation: After removing the scales and internal organs of the raw fish, it is sterilized at high temperature by steam. The cooked fish meat is crushed into paste by a twin-screw extruder and cooled to below 40 °C for standby. S2. Binder matrix ripening: Bentonite and sodium alginate are mixed in proportion, powder raw materials are added, dry mixed in a double-shaft mixer for 5 minutes, then passed through superheated steam for humid heat treatment for 10 minutes, and sieved after cooling to room temperature. S3. Microecological mixing: The fish paste and the binder matrix are put into a low-temperature mixing tank in a ratio of 6:4, probiotics and vitamin complex are added in turn, stirred at low speed for 15 minutes, and the pH of the mixture is adjusted to 6.5 - 7.0. S4. Groove pre-coating: Start the pre-coating mechanism, and convey the pre-coated oil film matrix to the coating roller through a pumping device. During the rotation of the coating roller, the oil film matrix is coated on the groove. The oil immersion groove in the groove evenly penetrates through capillary action, and the temperature of the roller is maintained to prevent the oil film matrix from drying and solidifying. S5. Low-temperature pressing and forming: The mixture is evenly distributed to the gap between the pressing rollers through the feeding guiding mechanism, and the two rollers are extruded in opposite directions to form granular particles.

[0015] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. In the present invention, when the driving part drives the roller to rotate, the rotation of the roller can contact with one side coating roller through the groove. After the coating roller contacts with the roller, the coating roller coats the pre-coated medium in the groove. At this time, multiple oil immersion grooves on the inner side of the groove can make the pre-coated medium fully flow in the groove through the groove body tension. When the two rollers rotate relative to each other and compact the material through the groove, the pre-coated medium can be coated on the outside of the material under pressure, and based on the characteristics of the pre-coated medium, it can prevent the material from staying in the groove due to pressure, improve the integrity of material granulation, and through the overall forming roller and the external coating roller, it can improve the pressing stability of the particulate matter and ensure the service life.

[0016] 2. In the present invention, through the designed pre-coating mechanism, after the coating roller rotates, the coating medium can be ejected through the surface nozzle and fully spread outside the infiltration film. When the coating roller rotates and contacts the corresponding roller body, the flexible infiltration film can fully fit the pressure groove through partial deformation, and the pre-coated medium can be coated in the pressure groove, which is beneficial to reducing feed adhesion by pre-coating the two-sided pressure grooves, reducing material residue in the pressure groove, and improving the cleanliness of the material.

[0017] 3. In the present invention, through the designed supporting mechanism, the cover body can drive the fixing part to move. The movement of the fixing part can drive the end inserting rod at the end of the slide rod to insert into the front opening of the corresponding roller body through the slide rod, which can improve the assembly stability of the roller body by inserting the inserting rod into the roller body, improve the positioning accuracy of the roller body, and avoid granulation errors caused by the pressure of material input. The external retaining disc of the inserting rod can limit the outward sputtering of materials on both sides of the roller body, that is, before and after granulation, and improve the overall cleanliness inside the cover body.

[0018] 4. In the present invention, through the low-temperature granulation method of microecological fish, shrimp and crab feed, the high-temperature damage to vitamins and probiotics added to the feed during high-temperature granulation can be reduced by low-temperature granulation, and a pre-coated anti-scattering oil film can be pre-coated on the surface after pressing and granulation with the cooperation of the pre-coating mechanism to improve the water body retention effect of the formed granules and meet the feed feeding needs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 is the overall structural schematic diagram of a low-temperature granulation device for microecological fish, shrimp and crab feed proposed by the present invention; Figure 2 is the split structural schematic diagram of a low-temperature granulation device for microecological fish, shrimp and crab feed proposed by the present invention; Figure 3 is the structural schematic diagram of the pressure roller mechanism of a low-temperature granulation device for microecological fish, shrimp and crab feed proposed by the present invention; Figure 4 proposed by the present invention Figure 3 is the enlarged structural schematic diagram of part A in; Figure 5 is the structural schematic diagram of the feeding guiding mechanism of a low-temperature granulation device for microecological fish, shrimp and crab feed proposed by the present invention; Figure 6 is the split structural schematic diagram of the feeding guiding mechanism of a low-temperature granulation device for microecological fish, shrimp and crab feed proposed by the present invention; Figure 7 is the side structural schematic diagram of a low-temperature granulation device for microecological fish, shrimp and crab feed proposed by the present invention; Figure 8 is the structural schematic diagram of the pre-coating mechanism of a low-temperature granulation device for microecological fish, shrimp and crab feed proposed by the present invention; Figure 9Schematic diagram of the split structure of the precoating mechanism of a low-temperature granulation device for microecological fish, shrimp and crab feed proposed by the present invention; Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the infiltration film of a low-temperature granulation device for microecological fish, shrimp and crab feed proposed by the present invention; Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the split structure from another angle of a low-temperature granulation device for microecological fish, shrimp and crab feed proposed by the present invention; Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the supporting mechanism of a low-temperature granulation device for microecological fish, shrimp and crab feed proposed by the present invention.

[0020] Legend description: 1. Guide groove; 2. Cover body; 3. Driving part; 4. Pressing roller mechanism; 401. Roller body; 402. Pressing groove; 403. Oil immersion groove; 404. Solution tank; 5. Precoating mechanism; 501. Coating roller; 502. Rotating shaft; 503. Limiting frame; 504. Nozzle; 505. Infiltration film; 506. Shielding plate; 507. Fixed block; 508. Telescopic rod; 509. Connecting block; 510. First spring; 6. Feeding guide mechanism; 601. Feed cylinder; 602. Fixed rod; 603. Insert piece; 604. Feed cover; 605. Feeding nozzle; 7. Supporting mechanism; 701. Stop disk; 702. Inserting rod; 703. Fixed part; 704. Limiting block; 705. Second spring; 706. Slide bar; 8. Material receiving box; 9. Baffle; 10. Hinge; 11. Granulation machine body; 12. Feeding plate. Detailed implementation manners

[0021] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Embodiment

[0022] Please refer to Figures 1-12 , the present invention provides a technical solution: a low-temperature granulation device for microecological fish, shrimp and crab feed, including a granulation machine body 11 and a guide groove 1. A cover body 2 is provided on one side of the guide groove 1, a driving part 3 is provided at the rear of the granulation machine body 11, a pressing roller mechanism 4 is provided on one side of the granulation machine body 11, the pressing roller mechanism 4 is located inside the cover body 2, a material receiving box 8 is installed at the top of the guide groove 1, and the material in the material receiving box 8 is pressed and granulated by the pressing roller mechanism 4 and then discharged from the bottom of the guide groove 1; Among them, the cover body 2 is rotatably connected to the outside of the granulation mechanism through a hinge 10, and a locking mechanism is also provided between the cover body 2 and the granulation mechanism for closing. This part is well-known technology in the field and will not be elaborated. Among them, the guiding groove 1 is communicated with the cover body 2 through an internal cavity. The material receiving box 8 in the guiding groove 1 can pump materials into the feeding guiding mechanism 6, and a metering feeding pump body should be provided between the material receiving box 8 and the feeding guiding mechanism 6; A feeding guiding mechanism 6 is provided at the top of the pressing roller mechanism 4, and the feeding guiding mechanism 6 is installed on one side of the front base of the granulation mechanism. Precoating mechanisms 5 are provided on both sides of the top of the pressing roller mechanism 4. The precoating mechanism 5 includes a coating roller 501, and the coating roller 501 is communicated with an external pumping device. One end of the coating roller 501 is connected to the front side of the granulation body 11 through a rotating shaft 502. Liquid is injected onto the surface of the coating roller 501 through the pumping device and coated on the surface of the pressing roller mechanism 4.

[0023] Specifically: through the designed pressing roller mechanism 4, when the feeding guiding mechanism 6 feeds materials between the two pressing rollers, the two roller bodies 401 can rotate relative to each other to press and granulate, so as to avoid the destruction of probiotics and vitamins in the feed by traditional high-temperature expansion extrusion granulation through cold pressing. The coating roller 501 has a cavity for the internal coating medium to flow, and the cavity is communicated with the external pumping device through a gas-liquid slip ring for liquid delivery.

[0024] Please refer to Figures 3-4 , the pressing roller mechanism 4 includes roller bodies 401. A plurality of pressing grooves 402 are arrayed on the surface of the roller bodies 401. A plurality of oil immersion grooves 403 are opened on the peripheral side of the inner cavity of the pressing grooves 402. A liquid storage groove 404 is provided at the bottom of the inner cavity of the pressing grooves 402, and the liquid storage groove 404 is communicated with the oil immersion grooves 403.

[0025] Specifically: when the driving part 3 drives the roller bodies 401 to rotate, the rotation of the roller bodies 401 can contact with one side coating roller 501 through the pressing grooves 402. After the coating roller 501 contacts the roller bodies 401, the coating roller 501 coats the precoating medium in the pressing grooves 402. At this time, a plurality of oil immersion grooves 403 inside the pressing grooves 402 can make the precoating medium fully flow in the pressing grooves 402 through the groove body tension. Thus, when the two roller bodies 401 rotate relative to each other and press the materials through the pressing grooves 402, the precoating medium can be coated on the outside of the materials through pressure, so as to avoid the materials staying in the pressing grooves 402 due to pressure based on the characteristics of the precoating medium and improve the integrity of material granulation; Among them, the driving part 3 is a corresponding motor and gear group driving component. This part is mature technology in the related field and will not be elaborated; The precoating mechanism 5 includes a coating roller 501. A plurality of nozzles 504 are arrayed at equal intervals along the axis on the outer peripheral side of the coating roller 501. A limiting frame 503 is sleeved between the nozzles 504 in the same column, and the nozzles 504 are telescopically connected in the limiting frame 503; A wetting film 505 is connected to the front side of the nozzle 504. The wetting film 505 is hemispherical, and a shielding plate 506 is connected to the outer peripheral side of the wetting film 505; Fixing blocks 507 are connected to both sides of the outer periphery of the nozzle 504. One side of the fixing block 507 is connected to a telescopic rod 508, the other end of the telescopic rod 508 is connected to a connecting block 509, and the connecting block 509 is connected to one side of the inner cavity of the limiting frame 503. A first spring 510 is sleeved outside the telescopic rod 508, and both ends of the first spring 510 are connected to the corresponding positions of the fixing block 507 and the connecting block 509 respectively, so that the nozzle 504 can be fully attached to the precoating mechanism 5 through expansion and contraction; Among them, the telescopic rod 508 includes a fixed part and a telescopic part, and the telescopic part can telescopically move within the fixed part; Among them, through the designed precoating mechanism 5, after the coating roller 501 rotates, the coating medium can be ejected through the surface nozzle 504 and fully spread outside the wetting film 505. When the coating roller 501 rotates and contacts the corresponding roller body 401, the flexible wetting film 505 can fully fit the pressing groove 402 through partial deformation, so that the precoating medium can be coated in the pressing groove 402, which is beneficial to reducing feed adhesion by precoating in the two-sided pressing grooves 402, reducing material residue in the pressing grooves 402, and improving the cleanliness of the material; Among them, the rear shaft 502 of the coating roller 501 can be controlled to rotate by another rotation driving member, and the rotation speed of the coating roller 501 should correspond to that of the roller body 401; Furthermore, when the nozzle 504 is pressed, the two-sided telescopic rods 508 can be expanded to pull the external first spring 510. The first spring 510 can use its own elastic force to absorb the pressure of the nozzle 504, which is beneficial to maintaining the stable attachment of the nozzle 504 through the first spring 510 and avoiding the wetting film 505 from adhering to the outside of the roller body 401 due to excessive attachment. Moreover, the shielding plate 506 outside the wetting film 505 can limit the intrusion range of the wetting film 505 into the pressing groove 402, which is beneficial to further avoiding excessive attachment.

[0026] Please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 12 , a supporting mechanism 7 is installed in the cover body 2. The supporting mechanism 7 includes a retaining disc 701. One side of the retaining disc 701 is connected to a sliding rod 706. A fixing member 703 is sleeved outside the sliding rod 706, and the fixing member 703 is connected to one side of the inner cavity of the cover body 2. A second spring 705 is sleeved outside the sliding rod 706, and both ends of the second spring 705 are connected to the corresponding positions of the fixing member 703 and one side of the retaining disc 701 respectively. A limiting block 704 is connected to the end of the sliding rod 706 away from the retaining disc 701 to limit the separation of the sliding rod 706 through the limiting block 704; One side of the retaining disc 701 is connected to an inserting rod 702, and the inserting rod 702 is inserted into the top of the roller body 401 through the opening and closing of the cover body 2.

[0027] Specifically: through the designed supporting mechanism 7, when the cover body 2 is closed through the hinge 10, the cover body 2 can drive the fixing member 703 to move. The movement of the fixing member 703 can drive the end insertion rod 702 to be inserted into the front opening of the corresponding roller body 401 through the slide rod 706, so that the roller body 401 can be inserted into the roller body 401 through the insertion rod 702 to improve the assembly stability of the roller body 401, improve the positioning accuracy of the roller body 401, avoid granulation errors caused by the pressure of material input, and the outer retaining disc 701 of the insertion rod 702 can limit the outward sputtering of materials on both sides of the roller body 401, that is, before and after granulation, and improve the overall cleanliness inside the cover body 2; A blanking plate 12 is connected to the bottom side of the inner cavity of the cover body 2. The blanking plate 12 can guide the granulated materials into the guiding groove 1 and discharge the materials through the bottom opening. The discharged materials at the outlet of the guiding groove 1 can be guided to the subsequent process section through a conveying device; Embodiment

[0028] Please refer to Figures 5-6 , in traditional granulation equipment, materials are likely to adhere to the surface of the roller body 401 during feeding, which easily affects the particle forming effect around the pressing groove 402 of the roller body 401 due to material residue. Therefore, a low-temperature granulation equipment for microecological fish, shrimp and crab feed is provided, specifically including: The feeding guiding mechanism 6 includes a feed cylinder 601. A plurality of feeding nozzles 605 are arranged at the bottom of the feed cylinder 601 along the axial direction. A fixing rod 602 is installed in the feed cylinder 601. A plurality of insertion pieces 603 are arranged on the outside of the fixing rod 602 along the axial direction. The insertion piece 603 includes a fixing part connected to the fixing rod 602, and opposite baffle plates are provided on both sides of the fixing part, and the length of the baffle plate on the side close to the feeding nozzle 605 is greater than that of the baffle plate on the other side; A feed cover 604 is installed on the front side of the feed cylinder 601, and the feed pipe is provided with a feed valve; Specifically: through the designed feeding guiding mechanism 6, when the mixed materials are pumped into the feed cylinder 601 through the feeding mechanism, the materials can contact with one side of the insertion piece 603. At this time, the materials can move to the rear side of the feed cylinder 601 through the shorter baffle plate and the oncoming angle, and after fully moving to the rear end of the feed cylinder 601, the materials can flow to the feeding nozzle 605 side at the end of the feed cylinder 601 through the baffle plate at the bottom side of the insertion piece 603 and the oncoming angle, so that the materials can fully flow under the guiding action of the baffle plates on both sides of the insertion piece 603, avoid insufficient ejection amount or air bubbles of the feeding nozzle 605 due to uneven flow of the materials in the feed cylinder 601, improve the contact sufficiency between the materials and the feeding nozzle 605, reduce the waiting time at the front stage of feeding in the state of the empty feed cylinder 601, and improve the granulation efficiency; Further, through the designed feeding nozzle 605, the distance between the feeding nozzle 605 and the pressing groove 402 of the roller body 401 is matched. The material sent out through the feeding nozzle 605 can be located between adjacent pressing grooves 402, and the feeding gap of the feeding nozzle 605 can be matched with the rotation of the two side roller bodies 401 by controlling the rear pumping equipment. Thus, the material can be just fed between adjacent pressing grooves 402 and compacted into pellets, which is beneficial to reducing the pollution of the surface of the roller body 401 on the periphery of the pressing groove 402 by the removal of excess material, reducing the material residue between the pressing roller gaps, avoiding the fermentation of the material in the gaps to pollute the granulation environment, improving the granulation hygiene and safety, and at the same time improving the pellet integrity and reducing the subsequent residual material recovery amount, thereby improving the granulation effect.

[0029] Wherein, baffles 9 are connected to the positions on both sides of the bottom of the cover body 2 corresponding to the roller body 401, and the ends of the baffles 9 are attached to one side of the bottom of the roller body 401. Through the designed baffles 9, after the roller body 401 rotates, it can contact the ends of the baffles 9, and the surface adhesion residue can be further removed by the scraping of the baffles 9; Embodiment

[0030] A low-temperature granulation method for microecological fish, shrimp and crab feed specifically includes the following steps: S1. Fish paste preparation: After the raw fish is scaled and gutted, it is sterilized at a high temperature of 120 °C for 15 min by steam. The cooked fish meat is crushed into a paste by a twin-screw extruder and cooled to below 40 °C for standby; S2. Binder matrix ripening: Bentonite and sodium alginate are mixed in a ratio of 3:1, and powder raw materials are added, wheat flour: corn flour: high-gluten flour = 5:3:2. After dry mixing in a double-shaft mixer for 5 min, superheated steam (150 °C / 0.3 MPa) is introduced for humid heat treatment for 10 min. After cooling to room temperature, it is sieved through an 80-mesh sieve, and the moisture content is controlled ≤ 12%; S3. Microecological mixing: The fish paste and the binder matrix are put into a low-temperature mixing tank (4 - 8 °C) in a ratio of 6:4, and probiotics (0.1 - 0.3%) and vitamin complex (0.05 - 0.1%) are added in sequence, and stirred at a low speed of 20 rpm for 15 min. The pH of the mixture is adjusted to 6.5 - 7.0 to avoid the inactivation of probiotics; S4. Precoating of the pressing groove 402: Start the precoating mechanism 5, and convey the precoated oil film matrix to the coating roller 501 through a pumping device. During the rotation of the coating roller 501, the oil film matrix is coated on the pressing groove 402, and the oil immersion groove 403 of the pressing groove 402 uniformly penetrates through capillary action, and the temperature of the roller body 401 is maintained to avoid the drying and solidification of the oil film matrix; S5. Low-temperature compression molding: The mixture is evenly distributed to the gap between the pressing rollers through the feeding guiding mechanism 6. The two rollers extrude towards each other at a rotational speed of 5 - 8 rpm, with the pressure controlled at 8 - 12 MPa. The diameter of the molded particles is 2 - 4 mm, the length is 4 - 6 mm, and the density is 1.2 - 1.4 g / cm³.

[0031] Among them, it also includes that the pressed particles are guided to the conveyor belt through the guiding groove 1 for conveying or directly fall into the fluidized bed, and are conveyed to the subsequent same fluidized bed for secondary film coating. The formed particles enter the fluidized bed through the blanking plate 12, are suspended by cold air (4 - 6 °C), and the composite oil film is atomized and sprayed by the high-pressure nozzle 504 (0.4 - 0.6 MPa), with the coverage rate ≥ 95%, the coating weight gain rate controlled at 3 - 5%, and the water stability ≥ 4 h. The secondary film coating of the fluidized bed can be carried out, and post-treatment drying can be performed to complete granulation and packaging.

[0032] The low-temperature process can improve the survival efficiency of probiotics, and the water disintegration time of the particles can be extended by wrapping with a double oil film. The composite oil film can be an oil film material of 2% soybean oil + 0.5% lecithin of the coated particle content, or a sodium alginate and chitosan biodegradable material.

[0033] In the present invention, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance; the term "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise clearly defined. Terms such as "installed", "connected", "joined", "fixed", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connected" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; "joined" can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0034] The above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, makes equivalent substitutions or changes, and should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A low-temperature granulation device for microecological fish, shrimp and crab feed, comprising a granulation body (11) and a guiding groove (1). A cover body (2) is arranged on one side of the guiding groove (1), and a driving part (3) is arranged at the rear side of the granulation body (11). It is characterized in that, On one side of the granulating machine body (11), there is a pressure roller mechanism (4). The pressure roller mechanism (4) is located inside the cover body (2). A material receiving box (8) is installed at the top of the guiding groove (1). The material in the material receiving box (8) is pressed and granulated by the pressure roller mechanism (4) and then discharged from the bottom of the guiding groove (1). At the top of the pressure roller mechanism (4), there is a feeding guiding mechanism (6). The material receiving box (8) is connected to the feeding guiding mechanism (6). The feeding guiding mechanism (6) is installed on one side of the front base of the granulating mechanism. On both sides of the top of the pressure roller mechanism (4), there are pre-coating mechanisms (5). The pre-coating mechanism (5) includes a coating roller (501). The coating roller (501) is connected to an external pumping device. One end of the coating roller (501) is connected to the front side of the granulating mechanism through a rotating shaft (502). Liquid is injected onto the surface of the coating roller (501) through a pumping mechanism and coated on the surface of the pressure roller mechanism (4).

2. The low-temperature granulation equipment for microecological fish, shrimp and crab feed according to claim 1, wherein, The pressure roller mechanism (4) includes a roller body (401). A plurality of pressure grooves (402) are arranged in an array on the surface of the roller body (401). A plurality of oil soaking grooves (403) are arranged on the circumferential side of the inner cavity of the pressure groove (402). At the bottom of the inner cavity of the pressure groove (402), there is a liquid storage groove (404). The liquid storage groove (404) is connected to the oil soaking groove (403).

3. The low-temperature granulation equipment for microecological fish, shrimp and crab feed according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pre-coating mechanism (5) includes a coating roller (501). A plurality of nozzles (504) are arranged in an equidistant array along the axis on the outer peripheral side of the coating roller (501). A limiting frame (503) is sleeved between the nozzles (504) in the same row. The nozzles (504) are telescopically connected to the inside of the limiting frame (503).

4. The low-temperature granulation equipment for microecological fish, shrimp and crab feed according to claim 3, characterized in that, In front of the nozzle (504), there is an infiltration film (505). The infiltration film (505) is hemispherical. A shielding plate (506) is connected to the outer peripheral side of the infiltration film (505).

5. A low-temperature granulation device for microecological fish, shrimp and crab feed according to claim 4, characterized in that, On both sides of the outer periphery of the nozzle (504), there are fixed blocks (507). One side of the fixed block (507) is connected to a telescopic rod (508). The other end of the telescopic rod (508) is connected to a connecting block (509). The connecting block (509) is connected to one side of the inner cavity of the limiting frame (503). A first spring (510) is sleeved outside the telescopic rod (508). The two ends of the first spring (510) are respectively connected to the corresponding positions of the fixed block (507) and the connecting block (509). The nozzle (504) is fully attached to the pre-coating mechanism (5) through telescoping.

6. A low-temperature granulation device for microecological fish, shrimp and crab feed according to claim 1, characterized in that, A supporting mechanism (7) is installed inside the cover body (2). The supporting mechanism (7) includes a retaining disc (701). A sliding rod (706) is connected to one side of the retaining disc (701). A fixing member (703) is sleeved outside the sliding rod (706). The fixing member (703) is connected to one side of the inner cavity of the cover body (2). A second spring (705) is sleeved outside the sliding rod (706). Two ends of the second spring (705) are respectively connected to corresponding positions of the fixing member (703) and one side of the retaining disc (701). A limiting block (704) is connected to one end of the sliding rod (706) away from the retaining disc (701). The sliding rod (706) is limited from detaching by the limiting block (704). An inserting rod (702) is connected to one side of the retaining disc (701). The inserting rod (702) is inserted into the top of the roller body (401) through the opening and closing of the cover body (2).

7. A low-temperature granulation device for microecological fish, shrimp and crab feed according to claim 1, characterized in that, The feeding guiding mechanism (6) includes a material cylinder (601). The material cylinder (601) is communicated with a material receiving box (8) through a feeding pipe. The material cylinder (601) is installed inside the cover body (2). A plurality of feeding nozzles (605) are arranged at the bottom of the material cylinder (601) along the axial direction. A fixing rod (602) is installed inside the material cylinder (601). A plurality of inserting pieces (603) are arranged outside the fixing rod (602) along the axial direction. The inserting piece (603) includes a fixing part connected to the fixing rod (602). Opposite baffle plates are arranged on both sides of the fixing rod (602). The length of the baffle plate on the side close to the feeding nozzle (605) is greater than that of the baffle plate on the other side.

8. A low-temperature granulation device for microecological fish, shrimp and crab feed according to claim 7, characterized in that, A material cover (604) is installed on the front side of the material cylinder (601). And the material pipe is provided with a feeding valve.

9. A low-temperature granulation device for microecological fish, shrimp and crab feed according to claim 2, characterized in that, A blanking plate (12) is connected to the bottom side of the inner cavity of the cover body (2). Baffles (9) are connected to corresponding positions of both sides of the bottom of the cover body (2) with respect to the roller body (401). And the end of the baffle (9) is attached to one side of the bottom of the roller body (401).

10. A method for low-temperature granulation of microecological fish, shrimp and crab feed, which is applied to the low-temperature granulation equipment for microecological fish, shrimp and crab feed according to any one of claims 1-9, and is characterized in that, Specifically, it includes the following steps: S1. Fish paste preparation: After removing the scales and internal organs of the raw fish, it is sterilized at high temperature by steam. The cooked fish meat is crushed into paste by a twin-screw extruder and cooled to below 40°C for standby. S2. Adhesive matrix ripening: Bentonite and sodium alginate are mixed in proportion, and powder raw materials are added. After dry mixing in a double-shaft mixer for 5 minutes, superheated steam is introduced for humid heat treatment for 10 minutes, and then it is cooled to room temperature and sieved. S3. Microecological mixing: The fish paste and the adhesive matrix are put into a low-temperature mixing tank in a ratio of 6:

4. Probiotics and vitamin complex are added in sequence, and stirred at a low speed for 15 minutes. The pH value of the mixture is adjusted to 6.5 - 7.

0. S4. Precoating of the groove (402): Start the precoating mechanism (5). The oil film matrix for precoating is conveyed to the coating roller (501) through a pumping device. During the rotation of the coating roller (501), the oil film matrix is coated on the groove (402). The groove (402) is immersed in the oil tank (403) and uniformly penetrates through capillary action. The temperature of the roller body (401) is maintained to prevent the oil film matrix from drying and solidifying. S5. Low-temperature pressing and forming: The mixture is evenly distributed into the gap between the pressing rollers through the feeding guiding mechanism (6). The two rollers extrude in opposite directions to form particles.

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