Rapid smashing device for alfalfa seed pods and shells

Abstract

The invention discloses an alfalfa pod shell rapid smashing device, and relates to the technical field of smashing devices, the alfalfa pod shell rapid smashing device comprises a fixing plate, a rack, a lifting unit, a grinding bin, a grinding plate, a spiral through groove and an extrusion unit; the lifting plate is driven by the extrusion unit to ascend and descend; a motor; and the rotating pressing disc is located over the grinding plate, and the outer diameter of the rotating pressing disc is smaller than that of the grinding plate. According to the device disclosed by the invention, the spiral part of an alfalfa pod is clamped into the spiral through groove, so that the rotary pressure plate generates shearing force on the hull of the alfalfa pod, the hull of the alfalfa pod is split, seeds in the pod are separated from the hull, and meanwhile, the seeds are relatively small in size and fall onto the fixed plate from the spiral through groove; and then the lifting unit drives the grinding bin to move upwards, so that the extrusion force of the capsule shells of the fruit pods, which is applied by the rotary pressing disc, is increased, and along with the continuous rotation of the rotary pressing disc, the capsule shells of the fruit pods can be ground, so that the capsule shells are ground and crushed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of crushing devices, and particularly to a rapid crushing device for alfalfa seed pods. Background Art

[0002] Alfalfa is a perennial rhizomatous herb of the legume family and the genus Medicago. The stem is erect, tufted or prostrate, quadrangular in cross-section, and highly branched; the stipules are relatively large, ovate-lanceolate, and the leaflets are obovate-oblong; the flowers are in a racemose inflorescence in clusters; the racemose inflorescence is axillary, with 5 - 20 or more flowers. The fruit pod is spiral, with 2 - 4 turns, and each pod contains 2 - 9 seeds. When mature, the pod is brown. The seeds are kidney-shaped, yellowish-brown; the seeds are small and smooth, yellow or brown. When collecting alfalfa seeds, it is necessary to remove the seeds from the pods, that is, to separate the pods from the seeds.

[0003] Currently, the main method for separating seeds from pods is to gently roll them with hands or small wooden sticks and then blow them manually to achieve the separation of seeds and pods. However, both the pods and alfalfa seeds are relatively small. The alfalfa seeds are only 3 mm in length and width, and the thousand-seed weight is only 2 g. If the rolling is improper or the operation is incorrect, it is extremely easy to cause the seeds to break, and the force of manual blowing the husks is also difficult to completely achieve the separation of seeds and pods. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a device that can crush alfalfa pods to achieve the separation of pods and seeds. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a rapid crushing device for alfalfa seed pods to solve the problems raised in the above background art.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A rapid crushing device for alfalfa seed pods, comprising:

[0007] A frame with a fixed plate fixedly connected to the lower side;

[0008] A lifting unit installed at the bottom of the fixed plate;

[0009] A grinding chamber drivingly connected to the lifting unit, the grinding chamber being open at both the upper and lower sides and having a grinding plate coaxially fixedly connected to the inner wall, and spiral through grooves being formed on the surface of the grinding plate;

[0010] An extrusion unit installed on the upper side of the frame, the extrusion unit drivingly connected to a lifting plate, and the lifting plate being driven by the extrusion unit to move up and down;

[0011] A motor installed at the top of the lifting plate, the motor drivingly connected to a rotating pressure plate, the rotating pressure plate being located directly above the grinding plate, and the outer diameter of the rotating pressure plate being smaller than the outer diameter of the grinding plate.

[0012] Through the above technical solution, the rotating pressure plate is driven by the motor to rotate, and the rotating pressure plate is driven by the extrusion unit to descend to a fixed position. During the rotation of the rotating pressure plate, a kneading effect is generated on the alfalfa pods placed on the grinding plate, thereby being able to drive the alfalfa pods, causing the alfalfa pods to move on the grinding plate. When moving, the spiral part of the alfalfa pod gets stuck in the spiral through groove, enabling the rotating pressure plate to generate a shearing force on the pod shell of the alfalfa pod, thereby splitting the pod shell and separating the seeds inside the pod from the pod shell. At the same time, the seeds are relatively small, and thus fall into the fixed plate through the spiral through groove. After kneading, the lifting unit is further used to drive the grinding bin to move upward, so that the extrusion force of the pod shell of the pod by the rotating pressure plate increases, and with the continuous rotation of the rotating pressure plate, a grinding effect can be generated on the pod shell of the pod, thereby grinding and crushing the pod shell. After the pod shell is ground and crushed, it can be separated from the seeds by subsequent air separation. Compared with the prior art, the separation efficiency of the pod shell and seeds of the pod is improved, and after the pod shell is ground and crushed, it can be recycled as biological fertilizer, etc., for reuse.

[0013] Further, the lifting unit includes a cross plate fixedly connected to the bottom of the grinding bin. A guiding column is vertically fixedly connected to the bottom of the cross plate. The guiding column slidably penetrates through the fixed plate. A lifting cylinder is vertically installed at the bottom of the fixed plate, and the lifting cylinder is drivingly connected to the cross plate.

[0014] Through the above technical solution, the cross plate is driven to move up and down by the lifting cylinder, and then the grinding bin is driven to move up and down.

[0015] Further, a slope-shaped collecting groove is formed at the top of the fixed plate, and the collecting groove is located directly below the grinding bin.

[0016] Through the above technical solution, the ground pod shell fragments and seeds of the pod will fall into the collecting groove and slide down along the surface of the collecting groove for collection.

[0017] Further, the extrusion unit includes a top plate fixedly connected to the upper side of the frame. An extrusion cylinder is vertically installed at the top of the top plate, and the extrusion cylinder is fixedly connected to the lifting plate.

[0018] Through the above technical solution, the lifting plate is driven to move up and down by the extrusion cylinder, so that the rotating pressure plate can extrude the alfalfa pods on the grinding plate.

[0019] Further, a reciprocating translation unit is provided between the rotating pressure plate and the motor shaft of the motor. The reciprocating translation unit is used to intermittently drive the rotating pressure plate to move horizontally back and forth when the rotating pressure plate rotates.

[0020] Through the above technical solution, when the reciprocating translation unit drives the rotating pressure plate to rotate by the motor, the rotating pressure plate is intermittently driven to move horizontally back and forth, so that a shearing force along the radially outer side of the rotating pressure plate can be generated on the alfalfa pods, and then the alfalfa pods with the spiral parts stuck in the spiral through grooves can be quickly cut open, thereby generating shearing forces on the alfalfa pods in multiple directions to enable the alfalfa pods to be quickly broken.

[0021] Further, the reciprocating translation unit includes a fixed seat fixedly connected to the top of the rotating pressure plate. A sliding block is slidably engaged in the inner cavity of the fixed seat. The end of the motor shaft of the motor is fixedly connected to the top surface of the sliding block. A fixed rod is fixedly penetrated through the outer walls on both sides of the fixed seat. The fixed rod slidably penetrates the sliding block. A driving assembly is provided at the bottom of the lifting plate. The driving assembly is used to drive the sliding block to move horizontally when the rotating pressure plate rotates.

[0022] Through the above technical solution, when the motor shaft of the motor rotates, the sliding block is synchronously driven to rotate, and then the fixed seat and the rotating pressure plate are driven to rotate through the fixed rod. When rotating, the driving assembly acts, so that the sliding block moves along the axial direction of the fixed rod, that is, the sliding block can move horizontally.

[0023] Further, the driving assembly includes an annular seat fixedly connected to the bottom of the lifting plate. A special-shaped ring is coaxially installed at the lower opening of the annular seat. Roller wheels are rotatably connected to both ends of the fixed rod. A plurality of arc-shaped convex blocks are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the inner ring of the special-shaped ring, and a plurality of arc-shaped grooves are formed in the inner wall of the special-shaped ring. The arc-shaped convex blocks and the arc-shaped grooves are located on both sides in the radial direction of the special-shaped ring. A plurality of the arc-shaped convex blocks and the arc-shaped grooves are arranged in an array along the axial direction of the special-shaped ring. When the rotating pressure plate rotates, the roller wheels will alternately roll and contact the inner wall of the inner ring of the special-shaped ring, the arc-shaped convex blocks and the inner wall of the arc-shaped grooves.

[0024] Through the above technical solution, when the rotating pressure plate rotates, the roller wheels will alternately roll on the inner wall of the inner ring of the special-shaped ring, the arc-shaped convex blocks and the inner wall of the arc-shaped grooves. When the two roller wheels respectively roll to the arc-shaped convex blocks and the inner wall of the arc-shaped grooves, the sliding block will move horizontally along the axial direction of the fixed rod relative to the fixed seat, so that the rotating pressure plate generates a horizontal movement, and then a shearing force along the radial direction of the grinding plate can be generated on the pod shell of the alfalfa pods.

[0025] Further, the special-shaped ring is rotatably connected to the inner cavity of the annular seat. The motor shaft of the motor is fixedly sleeved with a driving gear. The bottom of the lifting plate is rotatably connected with an intermediate gear through a mounting rotating shaft. An internal gear is coaxially fixedly connected to the upper end surface of the special-shaped ring. The intermediate gear meshes with the driving gear and the internal gear.

[0026] Through the above technical solution, when the motor shaft of the motor rotates, it will synchronously drive the driving gear to rotate. The driving gear meshes with the intermediate gear for transmission, and at the same time, the intermediate gear meshes with the internal gear for transmission. Thus, the rotation of the motor shaft can drive the internal gear to rotate. When the internal gear rotates, it synchronously drives the special-shaped ring to rotate, and the rotational angular velocity of the special-shaped ring is much smaller than that of the motor shaft. This enables the positions where the two rollers rollingly contact the arc-shaped convex block and the arc-shaped groove surface to change, avoiding generating a shear force along the radial direction of the grinding plate on the pod shell of the alfalfa pod, thereby reducing the crushing blind area of the alfalfa pod shell.

[0027] Further, a sliding groove is formed in the rotating pressure plate. An installation block is slidably clamped and installed in the sliding groove. A dredging pin is vertically fixed to the bottom of the installation block. The outer diameter dimension of the dredging pin is the same as the width dimension of the spiral through groove. A kidney-shaped hole for the lower end of the dredging pin to freely pass through is formed in the bottom surface of the rotating pressure plate.

[0028] Through the above technical solution, after the crushing is completed, when the grinding chamber moves upward and the rotating pressure plate rotates, the dredging pin can be inserted into the end point of the inner circle of the spiral through groove, and then the dredging pin is clamped into the spiral through groove. Then, as the rotating pressure plate rotates, the dredging pin can slide from the inner circle to the outer circle of the spiral through groove. During the sliding process, the dredging pin can pick out the pod shell fragments stuck in the spiral through groove, avoiding the spiral through groove being blocked by the pod shell fragments.

[0029] Further, a baffle for closing the opening of the sliding groove is connected to the outer wall of the rotating pressure plate. A tension spring is installed in the sliding groove. The two ends of the tension spring are respectively fixed to the outer wall of the installation block and the surface of one of the baffles.

[0030] Through the above technical solution, during the process of the dredging pin sliding from the inner circle to the outer circle of the spiral through groove, the tension spring will be in a stretched state and accumulate elastic potential energy. Thus, when the grinding chamber moves downward, the dredging pin disengages from the spiral through groove, and then through the release of the elastic potential energy of the tension spring, the installation block is driven to move towards the central side of the rotating pressure plate and reset.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0032] 1. In the present invention, the rotating pressure plate is driven by a motor to rotate, and is driven by an extrusion unit to descend to a fixed position. During the rotation of the rotating pressure plate, a kneading effect is generated on the alfalfa pods placed on the grinding plate, thereby driving the alfalfa pods away and causing the alfalfa pods to move on the grinding plate. When moving, the spiral part of the alfalfa pod gets stuck in the spiral through groove, so that the rotating pressure plate generates a shearing force on the pod shell of the alfalfa pod, thereby cutting open the pod shell of the pod and separating the seeds in the pod from the pod shell. At the same time, since the seeds are small in volume, they can fall onto the fixing plate through the spiral through groove. After kneading, the grinding bin is driven to move upward by the lifting unit, so that the extrusion force on the pod shell of the pod increases, and as the rotating pressure plate continues to rotate, a grinding effect can be generated on the pod shell of the pod, so that the pod shell is ground and crushed. After the pod shell is ground and crushed, it can be separated from the seeds by subsequent air separation. Compared with the prior art, the separation efficiency of the pod shell and seeds of the pod is improved, and after the pod shell is ground and crushed, it can be recycled;

[0033] 2. In the present invention, when the rotating pressure plate is driven by a motor to rotate, the reciprocating translation unit intermittently drives the rotating pressure plate to move horizontally back and forth, so that a shearing force along the radially outer side of the rotating pressure plate can be generated on the alfalfa pods, thereby quickly cutting open the alfalfa pods with the spiral part stuck in the spiral through groove, so as to generate shearing forces on the alfalfa pods in multiple directions and enable the alfalfa pods to be quickly broken;

[0034] 3. In the present invention, after crushing is completed, as the grinding bin moves upward and the rotating pressure plate rotates, the dredging pin can be inserted into the end point of the inner circle of the spiral through groove, so that the dredging pin is stuck in the spiral through groove. Then, as the rotating pressure plate rotates, the dredging pin can slide from the inner circle to the outer circle of the spiral through groove. During the sliding process, the dredging pin can dial out the fragments of the pod shell stuck in the spiral through groove, avoiding the spiral through groove being blocked by the fragments of the pod shell. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a rapid crushing device for alfalfa seed pod shells in the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 is Figure 1 a schematic diagram of the positional relationship from the first perspective in;

[0037] Figure 3 is Figure 1 a schematic diagram of the positional relationship from the second perspective in;

[0038] Figure 4 is Figure 1 a schematic diagram of the positional relationship after omitting the frame in;

[0039] Figure 5It is a schematic diagram of the positional relationship of the lifting plate, the rotating pressing plate and the annular seat after being assembled in the present invention;

[0040] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the positional relationship from another perspective;

[0041] Figure 7 for Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the explosion decomposition of the structure;

[0042] Figure 8 for Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the positional relationship of the middle part structure;

[0043] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the positional relationship between the rotating pressure plate and the annular seat after assembly in the present invention;

[0044] Figure 10 for Figure 9 A magnified schematic diagram of the local structure at point A;

[0045] Figure 11 It is a schematic diagram of the positional relationship of the rotating pressure plate after being cut open in the present invention.

[0046] In the figure, the description of each figure mark is as follows: 1. frame; 2. lifting cylinder; 3. collecting tank; 4. grinding chamber; 5. annular seat; 6. lifting plate; 7. motor; 8. top plate; 9. extrusion cylinder; 10. rotating pressure plate; 11. grinding plate; 12. spiral through groove; 13. fixed plate; 14. dredging pin; 15. guide column; 16. waist-shaped hole; 17. driving gear; 18. special-shaped ring; 19. internal gear; 20. intermediate gear; 21. sliding groove; 22. fixed seat; 23. arc groove; 24. arc-shaped protrusion; 25. sliding block; 26. tension spring; 27. buffer spring; 28. fixing rod; 29. ​​roller; 30. mounting block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0048] See also Figure 1 - Figure 11The present invention provides a technical solution: a device for rapidly crushing the husk of alfalfa pods, comprising a frame 1, a fixing plate 13 is fixedly connected to the lower side of the frame 1, a lifting cylinder 2 is vertically installed at the bottom of the fixing plate 13, a cylinder rod of the lifting cylinder 2 slides through the fixing plate 13 and is fixedly connected to a transverse plate, a grinding bin 4 is fixedly connected to the transverse plate, the upper and lower sides of the grinding bin 4 are open and the inside is hollow, a circular grinding plate 11 is coaxially fixedly connected to the inner wall of the grinding bin 4, a longitudinal gap is formed between the lower surface of the grinding plate 11 and the lower side opening of the grinding bin 4, and a spiral through groove 12 is opened on the surface of the grinding plate 11, and the width of the spiral through groove 12 is The size is adapted to the thickness size of a single spiral part of the alfalfa pod, or in other words, a single spiral part of the alfalfa pod can be stuck in the spiral groove 12, the inner circle of the spiral groove 12 is located at the center of the grinding plate 11, and the outer circle thereof is located at the edge of the grinding plate 11, that is, the spiral groove 12 is a spiral formed from the center of the grinding plate 11 outward, and in addition, a guide column 15 is vertically fixed to the bottom of the horizontal plate, and the guide column 15 slidably penetrates the fixed plate 13, and the guide column 15 is used to guide and limit the vertical movement of the grinding bin 4, and a sloped collecting groove 3 is provided on the top of the fixed plate 13, and the collecting groove 3 is located directly below the grinding bin 4;

[0049] A top plate 8 is fixedly connected to the upper side of the frame 1, and an extrusion cylinder 9 is vertically installed on the top surface of the top plate 8. The cylinder rod of the extrusion cylinder 9 penetrates the top plate 8 and is fixedly connected to the lifting plate 6. A motor 7 is installed on the top of the lifting plate 6, and the motor shaft of the motor 7 is fixedly connected to a sliding block 25 (such as Figure 7 As shown in the figure, a fixed seat 22 is mounted on the sliding block 25, and the outer contour of the fixed seat 22 is in the shape of a Chinese character "回". The sliding block 25 is engaged in the inner cavity of the fixed seat 22 and can slide freely horizontally in the inner cavity of the fixed seat 22. A circular rotating pressure plate 10 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the fixed seat 22, and the center of the rotating pressure plate 10 coincides with the center of the fixed seat 22. In addition, a fixing rod 28 is fixedly penetrated through the outer wall of the fixed seat 22 on both sides of the length direction, and both ends of the fixing rod 28 penetrate the outer wall of the fixed seat 22. The rotating pressure plate 10 is located on the grinding plate 1 1, when the motor shaft of the motor 7 rotates, it can drive the sliding block 25 to rotate, and then drive the fixed seat 22 to rotate through the fixed rod 28. When the fixed seat 22 rotates, it will drive the rotating pressure plate 10 to rotate. In addition, the outer diameter of the rotating pressure plate 10 is smaller than the outer diameter of the grinding plate 11, so that the rotating pressure plate 10 can be inserted into the grinding chamber 4 and can have a certain horizontal movement space. In addition, the sliding block 25 is slidably mounted on the fixed rod 28, so that the sliding block 25 can slide on the periphery of the fixed rod 28;

[0050] The bottom of the lifting plate 6 is fixed with an annular seat 5 by screws or fixedly connected thereto. An irregular-shaped ring 18 is coaxially installed at the lower opening of the annular seat 5. Each end of the fixed rod 28 is rotatably connected with a roller 29. A plurality of arc-shaped convex blocks 24 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the irregular-shaped ring 18, and a plurality of arc-shaped grooves 23 are formed in the inner wall of the irregular-shaped ring 18. The arc-shaped convex blocks 24 and the arc-shaped grooves 23 are located on both sides of the irregular-shaped ring 18 in the radial direction. The plurality of arc-shaped convex blocks 24 and the arc-shaped grooves 23 are both arranged in an axial array along the irregular-shaped ring 18, and the arc-shaped convex blocks 24 and the arc-shaped grooves 23 are arranged in a staggered manner. When the rotating pressure plate 10 rotates, the rollers 29 will alternately roll and contact the inner wall of the irregular-shaped ring 18, the surfaces of the arc-shaped convex blocks 24 and the inner walls of the arc-shaped grooves 23. When one roller 29 rolls and contacts the surface of the arc-shaped convex block 24, the other roller 29 will be stuck into the arc-shaped groove 23. At this time, the roller 29 is extruded by the arc-shaped convex block 24, so that the fixed rod 28 can drive the fixed seat 22 to move horizontally;

[0051] The irregular-shaped ring 18 is rotatably connected to the inner cavity of the annular seat 5 through a mounting bearing. The motor shaft of the motor 7 is fixedly sleeved with a driving gear 17. The bottom of the lifting plate 6 is rotatably connected with an intermediate gear 20 through a mounting rotating shaft. The upper end surface of the irregular-shaped ring 18 is coaxially fixedly connected with an internal gear 19. The intermediate gear 20 meshes with the driving gear 17 and the internal gear 19. Specifically, the intermediate gear 20 is located between the driving gear 17 and the internal gear 19. The intermediate gear 20 is externally meshed with the driving gear 17, and the intermediate gear 20 is internally meshed with the internal gear 19. Since the nominal diameter of the internal gear 19 is much larger than the nominal diameter of the driving gear 17, the rotational angular velocity of the internal gear 19 is much smaller than the rotational angular velocity of the driving gear 17;

[0052] A sliding groove 21 is formed in the rotating pressure plate 10 (as Figure 11 shown). An installation block 30 is slidably clamped and installed in the sliding groove 21. A dredging pin 14 is vertically fixedly connected to the bottom of the installation block 30. The outer diameter dimension of the dredging pin 14 is the same as the width dimension of the spiral through groove 12. A kidney-shaped hole 16 for the lower end of the dredging pin 14 to freely pass through is formed on the bottom surface of the rotating pressure plate 10 (as Figure 5 shown). A baffle for closing the opening of the sliding groove 21 is connected to the outer wall of the rotating pressure plate 10. A tension spring 26 is installed in the sliding groove 21. Both ends of the tension spring 26 are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the installation block 30 and the surface of one of the baffles respectively.

[0053] The working principle of the present invention:

[0054] The alfalfa pods to be crushed are put into the grinding bin 4, and the pods are located on the surface of the grinding plate 11. It should be noted here that the input amount of the alfalfa pods needs to be appropriate. The extrusion cylinder 9 is started, and the cylinder rod of the extrusion cylinder 9 extends, thereby driving the lifting plate 6 to move downward. During the downward movement of the lifting plate 6, the rotating pressure plate 10 will enter the grinding bin 4 and generate an extrusion force on the alfalfa pods piled up on the surface of the grinding plate 11;

[0055] Start the motor 7. The motor shaft of the motor 7 rotates and drives the rotating pressure plate 10 to rotate. When the rotating pressure plate 10 rotates, the rotating pressure plate 10 rotates relative to the grinding plate 11, so that a kneading and shearing force can be generated on the alfalfa pods, and the alfalfa pods can roll on the surface of the grinding plate 11. Further, a rubber layer can be provided on the lower surface of the rotating pressure plate 10. In this way, the frictional force between the rubber layer and the alfalfa pods is relatively large, and it can better drive the alfalfa pods to roll on the surface of the grinding plate 11. As the alfalfa pods roll, the single spiral part of the alfalfa pods can finally be engaged in the spiral through groove 12. After being engaged in the spiral through groove 12, the rolling of the alfalfa pods on the surface of the grinding plate 11 will be blocked. The frictional force of the rotating pressure plate 10 on the alfalfa pods causes the pod shell of the alfalfa pods to be sheared under the action of the frictional force, and then the pod shell is broken under the action of the shearing force, so that the pod shell can be broken open;

[0056] After the pod shell is broken, the seeds in the alfalfa pods will fall out of the pod shell. Since the seeds are small in volume, they can fall from the spiral through groove 12 into the collection groove 3 on the surface of the fixing plate 13. During the rotation of the rotating pressure plate 10, the rollers 29 will alternately roll on the inner wall of the inner ring of the special-shaped ring 18, the surface of the arc-shaped convex block 24, and the inner wall of the arc-shaped groove 23. When one of the rollers 29 rolls in contact with the surface of the arc-shaped convex block 24, the other roller 29 will be stuck into the arc-shaped groove 23. At this time, the roller 29 is squeezed by the arc-shaped convex block 24, so that the fixing rod 28 can drive the fixing seat 22 to move horizontally, causing the rotating pressure plate 10 to generate a horizontal movement, and then enabling the rotating pressure plate 10 to generate a shearing force on the alfalfa pods along the radially outer side of the rotating pressure plate 10, and then quickly cutting open the alfalfa pods with a single spiral part stuck in the spiral through groove 12, so as to generate shearing forces on the alfalfa pods in multiple directions, so that the alfalfa pods can be quickly broken. Additionally, further, a buffer spring 27 can be wound around each end of the fixing rod 28. The two ends of the buffer spring 27 in the direction of the elastic force elastically abut against the inner wall of the cavity of the fixing seat 22 and the outer wall of the sliding block 25 respectively, so that when the rotating pressure plate 10 makes a horizontal movement, the buffer spring 27 plays a role in buffering and decelerating;

[0057] After the pods are broken, the pod husks and seeds will separate. After kneading and shearing are completed (visually observing that there are basically no unbroken pods indicates that kneading and shearing are completed. In addition, the material of the grinding chamber 4 can be set to acrylic material, which is convenient for observing whether kneading and shearing are completed), then start the lifting cylinder 2. The cylinder rod of the lifting cylinder 2 extends, and then drives the grinding chamber 4 to move upward, so that the rotating pressure plate 10 squeezes and crushes the pod husks of the pods on the surface of the grinding plate 11. And as the rotating pressure plate 10 rotates, it can produce a grinding effect on the pod husks, so that the pod husks can be quickly crushed and can fall from the spiral through groove 12, making the pod husk fragments mixed with the seeds. Then, through the subsequent air separation process, the seeds and pod husk fragments are completely separated. In addition, it should be noted that the motor 7 in this embodiment rotates at a low speed, and the specific rotation speed can be adjusted according to the actual operating environment, and the present invention does not make any restrictions;

[0058] After the crushing is completed, when the grinding chamber 4 moves upward and the rotating pressure plate 10 rotates, the dredging pin 14 can be inserted into the end point of the inner circle of the spiral through groove 12, and then the dredging pin 14 is snapped into the spiral through groove 12. Then, as the rotating pressure plate 10 rotates, the dredging pin 14 can slide from the inner circle to the outer circle of the spiral through groove 12. During the sliding process, the dredging pin 14 can dial out the pod husk fragments stuck in the spiral through groove 12, preventing the spiral through groove 12 from being blocked by the pod husk fragments. When the dredging pin 14 slides from the inner circle to the outer circle of the spiral through groove 12 in the spiral through groove 12, the tension spring 26 will be in a stretched state and accumulate elastic potential energy. Then, when the grinding chamber 4 moves downward, the dredging pin 14 disengages from the spiral through groove 12, and then through the release of the elastic potential energy of the tension spring 26, the mounting block 30 is driven to move toward the center side of the spiral through groove 12 and reset.

[0059] It should be noted that in this article, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variant thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A rapid crushing device for the pods of alfalfa, characterized in that, Comprising: A frame (1) with a fixed plate (13) fixedly connected to the lower side; A lifting unit installed at the bottom of the fixed plate (13); A grinding chamber (4) drivingly connected to the lifting unit, the grinding chamber (4) being open at both the upper and lower sides and having a grinding plate (11) coaxially fixedly connected to the inner wall, and spiral through grooves (12) being formed on the surface of the grinding plate (11); An extrusion unit installed on the upper side of the frame (1), the extrusion unit drivingly connected to a lifting plate (6), and the lifting plate (6) being driven to lift and lower by the extrusion unit; A motor (7) installed at the top of the lifting plate (6), the motor (7) drivingly connected to a rotating pressing plate (10), the rotating pressing plate (10) being located directly above the grinding plate (11), and the outer diameter of the rotating pressing plate (10) being smaller than the outer diameter of the grinding plate (11).

2. The rapid crushing device for the pod shell of alfalfa pods according to claim 1, wherein The lifting unit includes a cross plate fixedly connected to the bottom of the grinding chamber (4), a guide post (15) vertically fixedly connected to the bottom of the cross plate, the guide post (15) slidably penetrating the fixed plate (13), and a lifting cylinder (2) vertically installed at the bottom of the fixed plate (13), the lifting cylinder (2) being drivingly connected to the cross plate.

3. The rapid crushing device for the pod shell of alfalfa pods according to claim 1, characterized in that, A sloped collecting groove (3) is formed at the top of the fixed plate (13), and the collecting groove (3) is located directly below the grinding chamber (4).

4. A rapid pod shell crushing device for alfalfa pods according to claim 1, characterized in that, The extrusion unit includes a top plate (8) fixedly connected to the upper side of the frame (1), an extrusion cylinder (9) vertically installed at the top of the top plate (8), and the extrusion cylinder (9) being fixedly connected to the lifting plate (6).

5. A rapid crushing device for the pod shells of alfalfa pods according to claim 1, characterized in that, A reciprocating translation unit is provided between the rotating pressing plate (10) and the motor shaft of the motor (7), and the reciprocating translation unit is used to drive the rotating pressing plate (10) to horizontally reciprocate when the rotating pressing plate (10) rotates.

6. The rapid crushing device for the pod shell of alfalfa pods according to claim 5, characterized in that, The reciprocating translation unit includes a fixed seat (22) fixedly connected to the top of the rotating pressing plate (10), a sliding block (25) slidably engaged in the inner cavity of the fixed seat (22), the end of the motor shaft of the motor (7) being fixedly connected to the top surface of the sliding block (25), a fixed rod (28) fixedly penetrating the outer walls on both sides of the fixed seat (22), the fixed rod (28) slidably penetrating the sliding block (25), and a driving assembly being provided at the bottom of the lifting plate (6), the driving assembly being used to intermittently drive the sliding block (25) to horizontally move when the rotating pressing plate (10) rotates.

7. A rapid pod shell crushing device for alfalfa pods according to claim 6, characterized in that, The driving assembly includes an annular seat (5) fixedly connected to the bottom of the lifting plate (6). An irregular ring (18) is coaxially installed at the lower opening of the annular seat (5). Each end of the fixed rod (28) is rotatably connected to a roller (29). A plurality of arc-shaped protrusions (24) are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the irregular ring (18), and a plurality of arc-shaped grooves (23) are formed in the inner wall of the irregular ring (18). The arc-shaped protrusions (24) and the arc-shaped grooves (23) are located on two sides of the irregular ring (18) in the radial direction. The plurality of arc-shaped protrusions (24) and the arc-shaped grooves (23) are arranged in an axial array along the irregular ring (18). When the rotating pressure plate (10) rotates, the rollers (29) will alternately roll and contact the inner wall of the irregular ring (18), the inner walls of the arc-shaped protrusions (24) and the arc-shaped grooves (23).

8. The rapid crushing device for the pod shell of alfalfa pods according to claim 7, characterized in that, The irregular ring (18) is rotatably connected to the inner cavity of the annular seat (5). The motor shaft of the motor (7) is fixedly sleeved with a driving gear (17). The bottom of the lifting plate (6) is rotatably connected to an intermediate gear (20) through a mounting rotating shaft. An internal gear (19) is coaxially fixedly connected to the upper end surface of the irregular ring (18). The intermediate gear (20) meshes with the driving gear (17) and the internal gear (19).

9. The rapid crushing device for the pod shell of alfalfa pods according to claim 1, characterized in that, A sliding groove (21) is formed in the rotating pressure plate (10). A mounting block (30) is slidably engaged and installed in the sliding groove (21). A dredging pin (14) is vertically fixedly connected to the bottom of the mounting block (30). The outer diameter of the dredging pin (14) is the same as the width of the spiral through groove (12). A kidney-shaped hole (16) for the lower end of the dredging pin (14) to freely pass through is formed in the bottom surface of the rotating pressure plate (10).

10. A rapid crushing device for the pod shells of alfalfa pods according to claim 9, characterized in that, A baffle for closing the opening of the sliding groove (21) is connected to the outer wall of the rotating pressure plate (10). A tension spring (26) is installed in the sliding groove (21). Two ends of the tension spring (26) are respectively fixedly connected to the outer wall of the mounting block (30) and the surface of one of the baffles.

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