Variable-frequency ultrasonic-driven vertical dust conveying device and conveying method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a variable-frequency ultrasonic-driven dust vertical conveying device and a conveying method thereof, belongs to the technical field of aerospace engineering and acoustic engineering, and solves the problem that directional conveying in the vertical direction is difficult to realize due to the fact that an existing sound wave conveying scheme is mostly based on a horizontal standing wave field or traveling wave field design. The variable-frequency ultrasonic-driven vertical dust conveying device comprises an ultrasonic generator, an excitation transducer, a conveying pipeline, a vibration flat plate, a reflection flat plate, an inlet material box and a collection box, the excitation transducer is connected with the ultrasonic generator and the vibration flat plate, the vibration flat plate is arranged at the bottom end of the conveying pipeline, and the reflection flat plate is arranged at the bottom end of the conveying pipeline. The reflecting flat plate is arranged at the top end of the conveying pipeline; dust in the conveying pipeline can be driven to move upwards by changing the driving frequency of the excitation transducer, the inlet material box is communicated with the lower end of the conveying pipeline, and the collecting box is communicated with the upper end of the conveying pipeline. The device can drive dust to be conveyed upwards.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical fields of aerospace engineering and acoustic engineering, and particularly relates to a variable-frequency ultrasonic-driven dust vertical transportation device and a transportation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the advancement of human deep space exploration missions, the management and transportation of dust on the surface of extraterrestrial celestial bodies have become one of the key challenges. Particulates such as lunar soil and Martian dust have high adhesiveness, strong abrasiveness, and electrostatic adsorption characteristics, and are prone to invading the gaps of spacecraft equipment, wearing mechanical structures, and interfering with the operation of scientific instruments, seriously threatening the reliability and lifespan of exploration missions. In addition, the extraterrestrial environment has characteristics such as low / micro gravity and extreme temperature fluctuations. Traditional mechanical dust transportation methods (such as screw transportation and pneumatic transmission) and electrostatic dust removal technologies face the following problems:

[0003] (1) Mechanical wear: The lifespan of mechanical contact transportation decreases rapidly under dust abrasion, and it is easily contaminated by dust and blocks the transmission components therein;

[0004] (2) Energy consumption and resource limitations: Pneumatic transportation relies on gas working media, and the energy consumption of high-pressure air pumps exceeds the supply capacity of deep space detectors. The resulting dust-raising effect is likely to cause dust pollution of equipment and affect the physical health of astronauts;

[0005] (3) Limitations of electrostatic dust removal technology: Existing electrostatic dust removal and transportation devices require continuous high-voltage power supply, with excessive energy consumption, and are unable to handle particles below the micron level.

[0006] In recent years, non-contact particle manipulation technology has become a research hotspot. Among them, acoustic driving technology has attracted much attention due to its advantages such as no physical contact and adaptability to complex environments. Existing acoustic wave transportation schemes are mostly designed based on horizontal standing wave fields or traveling wave fields, but it is difficult for horizontal sound fields to achieve directional transportation in the vertical direction (such as from the surface of a planet to a container). Summary of the Invention

[0007] In view of this, in order to solve the problem that existing acoustic wave transportation schemes are mostly designed based on horizontal standing wave fields or traveling wave fields and it is difficult to achieve directional transportation in the vertical direction, the present invention proposes a variable-frequency ultrasonic-driven dust vertical transportation device and a transportation method thereof.

[0008] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0009] A variable-frequency ultrasonic-driven dust vertical transportation device, comprising:

[0010] An ultrasonic generator;

[0011] An excitation transducer, the excitation transducer being connected to the ultrasonic generator;

[0012] A transport pipeline, a vibrating plate, and a reflecting plate. The vibration transducer is connected to the vibrating plate. The vibrating plate is arranged at the bottom end of the transport pipeline, and the reflecting plate is arranged at the top end of the transport pipeline. By changing the driving frequency of the vibration transducer, the dust in the transport pipeline can be driven to move upward.

[0013] An inlet material box, which is communicated with the lower end of the transport pipeline.

[0014] A collection box, which is communicated with the upper end of the transport pipeline.

[0015] As a preferred solution of the above-mentioned vertically transporting device for dust driven by variable-frequency ultrasonic waves, a vibration-absorbing layer is embedded in the side wall of the transport pipeline, and the vibration-absorbing layer is located between the vibrating plate and the inlet material box.

[0016] As a preferred solution of the above-mentioned vertically transporting device for dust driven by variable-frequency ultrasonic waves, the vibration-absorbing layer is located 10 mm above the vibrating plate.

[0017] As a preferred solution of the above-mentioned vertically transporting device for dust driven by variable-frequency ultrasonic waves, the transport pipeline includes a straight section and a bent section. The bent section is located above the straight section, and the bent section bends towards the collection box.

[0018] As a preferred solution of the above-mentioned vertically transporting device for dust driven by variable-frequency ultrasonic waves, the straight section extends in the vertical direction.

[0019] As a preferred solution of the above-mentioned vertically transporting device for dust driven by variable-frequency ultrasonic waves, a plurality of through holes are arranged at intervals in the transport pipeline, and the through holes communicate the inside of the transport pipeline with the inlet material box.

[0020] As a preferred solution of the above-mentioned vertically transporting device for dust driven by variable-frequency ultrasonic waves, the transport pipeline is provided with a communication port, the communication port communicates above the collection box, and an outlet is provided at the lower end of the collection box.

[0021] The present invention also provides a method for vertically transporting dust driven by variable-frequency ultrasonic waves, using the above-mentioned vertically transporting device for dust driven by variable-frequency ultrasonic waves, including:

[0022] The ultrasonic generator outputs a high-frequency alternating harmonic voltage as the excitation signal of the ultrasonic transducer.

[0023] The ultrasonic transducer converts the electrical signal into sound energy to generate ultrasonic waves. The ultrasonic waves are radiated into the air through the vibration of the vibrating plate. The ultrasonic waves in the vertical direction are reflected after reaching the reflecting plate, and are superposed with the original incident wave, then a standing wave sound field will be formed in the transport pipeline. Due to the action of the acoustic radiation force, the dust will move to the vicinity of the standing wave node position and stably suspend there.

[0024] The driving frequency of the ultrasonic transducer gradually increases from the initial driving frequency, and the position of the standing wave node gradually rises accordingly;

[0025] Judge whether the position of the standing wave node has risen by one position period; if so, the driving frequency is restored to the initial driving frequency and then gradually increases again, forming a cyclic frequency period. The dust will continuously rise under the cyclic repetition of the frequency period until it reaches the collection box.

[0026] As a preferred solution of the above-mentioned method for vertically transporting dust by variable-frequency ultrasonic drive, the initial driving frequency of the ultrasonic transducer is selected as the frequency that can make the sound pressure intensity in the transport pipeline reach the maximum.

[0027] As a preferred solution of the above-mentioned method for vertically transporting dust by variable-frequency ultrasonic drive, judging whether the position of the standing wave node has risen by one position period includes:

[0028] Judge whether the nth standing wave node counted from bottom to top has moved to the position of the (n + 1)th standing wave node counted from bottom to top when the ultrasonic transducer is at the initial driving frequency;

[0029] If so, the position of the standing wave node has risen by one position period;

[0030] If not, the position of the standing wave node has not risen by one position period.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of a device and a transport method for vertically transporting dust by variable-frequency ultrasonic drive provided by the present invention are:

[0032] The present invention provides a variable-frequency ultrasonic-driven dust vertical transportation device and a transportation method thereof. The variable-frequency ultrasonic-driven dust vertical transportation device is used to transport the processed dust into the storage bin of the test section of the lander. The main function of the ultrasonic generator is to output a high-frequency alternating harmonic voltage as the excitation signal for the excitation transducer. The main function of the excitation transducer is to convert the electrical signal into sound energy and generate ultrasonic waves at the end face of the vibrating plate. The ultrasonic waves are radiated into the air through the vibration of the vibrating plate. The ultrasonic waves in the vertical direction are reflected after reaching the reflection plate at the top of the transportation pipeline, and are superimposed with the original incident wave, then a standing wave sound field will be formed in the transportation pipeline. Due to the action of the acoustic radiation force, the dust will move to the vicinity of the standing wave node position and stably suspend there. When the driving frequency of the excitation transducer for the vibrating plate changes, the standing wave field generated inside the transportation pipeline will also change accordingly, and the position of the standing wave node will move accordingly. Therefore, the position where the dust particles stably suspend will also change accordingly. According to relevant numerical calculations, as the driving frequency increases, the position of the standing wave node will also increase. Therefore, when the driving frequency continuously increases, the dust particles will gradually rise with the standing wave node. Since the initial driving frequency of the ultrasonic transducer is selected to be the frequency that can make the sound pressure intensity in the transportation pipeline reach the maximum, as the driving frequency continuously deviates from the initial driving frequency, the sound pressure intensity in the transportation pipeline gradually decreases. Therefore, the driving frequency cannot increase indefinitely. Instead, when the standing wave node rises by one position period, that is, when the nth standing wave node counted from bottom to top moves to the position of the (n + 1)th standing wave node counted from bottom to top when the initial driving frequency, the driving frequency returns to the initial driving frequency and then gradually increases again, forming a cyclic frequency period. The dust will continuously rise under the cyclic repetition of the frequency period until it reaches the collection bin.

[0033] The variable-frequency ultrasonic-driven dust vertical transportation device optimizes the distribution of the acoustic radiation force by dynamically adjusting the ultrasonic driving frequency, and realizes the efficient directional transportation of dust in the extraterrestrial environment through the collaborative design of the vertical sound field and the mechanical structure. The problem of vertical transportation can be well solved by using frequency conversion. Moreover, the variable-frequency ultrasonic-driven dust vertical transportation device can achieve non-contact transportation. The transportation object rises under the action of the acoustic radiation force in the transportation pipeline. Different from traditional machinery, there is no direct contact with the machinery, avoiding the pollution of the transportation target. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] The drawings constituting a part of the present invention are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The schematic embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation to the present invention. In the drawings:

[0035] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the variable-frequency ultrasonic-driven dust vertical transportation device provided by a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] In the figure:

[0037] 1. Ultrasonic generator; 2. Vibration transducer; 3. Vibration absorption layer; 4. Inlet material box; 5. Transport pipeline; 6. Collection box; 7. Outlet; 8. Communication port; 9. Vibration plate; 10. Reflection plate. Specific embodiments

[0038] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other. The described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0039] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the terms "connected", "connected to", and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or integrated; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it may be the communication between two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

[0040] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the first feature being "above" or "below" the second feature may include the direct contact between the first and second features, or may include the situation where the first and second features are not in direct contact but in contact through other features between them. Moreover, the first feature being "above", "over", and "on" the second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicates that the horizontal height of the first feature is higher than that of the second feature. The first feature being "below", "under", and "beneath" the second feature includes that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or merely indicates that the horizontal height of the first feature is lower than that of the second feature.

[0041] In the description of this embodiment, the orientation or positional relationships such as "above", "below", "right", etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. It is only for the convenience of description and simplifying the operation, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for distinction in description and have no special meanings.

[0042] See Figure 1To describe this embodiment, the present invention provides a variable-frequency ultrasonic-driven dust vertical transportation device and its transportation method. The variable-frequency ultrasonic-driven dust vertical transportation device includes an ultrasonic generator 1, an excitation transducer 2, a transportation pipeline 5, a vibration plate 9, a reflection plate 10, an inlet material box 4, and a collection box 6. The excitation transducer 2 is connected to the ultrasonic generator 1, and the excitation transducer 2 is connected to the vibration plate 9. The vibration plate 9 is arranged at the bottom end of the transportation pipeline 5, and the reflection plate 10 is arranged at the top end of the transportation pipeline 5. By changing the driving frequency of the excitation transducer 2, the dust in the transportation pipeline 5 can be driven to move upward. The inlet material box 4 is communicated with the lower end of the transportation pipeline 5, and the collection box 6 is communicated with the upper end of the transportation pipeline 5.

[0043] This variable-frequency ultrasonic-driven dust vertical transportation device is used to transport the processed dust on the surface of extraterrestrial celestial bodies (such as Mars, asteroids, etc.) in the atmosphere to the storage bin of the test part of the lander. The main function of the ultrasonic generator 1 is to output a high-frequency alternating harmonic voltage as the excitation signal for the excitation transducer 2. The main function of the excitation transducer 2 is to convert the electrical signal into sound energy and generate ultrasonic waves on the end face of the vibration plate 9. The ultrasonic waves are radiated into the air through the vibration of the vibration plate 9. After the ultrasonic waves in the vertical direction are reflected by the reflection plate 10 at the top end of the transportation pipeline 5, they are superimposed on the original incident wave, and a standing wave sound field will be formed in the transportation pipeline 5. Due to the action of the acoustic radiation force, the dust will move to the vicinity of the standing wave node position and stably suspend there. When the driving frequency of the excitation transducer 2 for the vibration plate 9 changes, the standing wave field generated inside the transportation pipeline 5 will also change accordingly, and the position of the standing wave node will move correspondingly. Therefore, the position where the dust particles stably suspend will also change accordingly. According to relevant numerical calculations, as the driving frequency increases, the position of the standing wave node will also increase. Therefore, when the driving frequency continuously increases, the dust particles will gradually rise with the standing wave node. Since the initial driving frequency of the ultrasonic transducer is selected to be the frequency that can make the sound pressure intensity in the transportation pipeline 5 reach the maximum, as the driving frequency continuously deviates from the initial driving frequency, the sound pressure intensity in the transportation pipeline 5 gradually decreases. Therefore, the driving frequency cannot increase indefinitely. Instead, when the standing wave node rises by one position period, that is, when the nth standing wave node counted from bottom to top moves to the position of the (n + 1)th standing wave node counted from bottom to top at the initial driving frequency, the driving frequency returns to the initial driving frequency and then gradually increases again, forming a cyclic frequency period. The dust will continuously rise under the cyclic repetition of the frequency period until it reaches the collection box 6.

[0044] This variable-frequency ultrasonic-driven dust vertical transportation device optimizes the acoustic radiation force distribution by dynamically adjusting the ultrasonic driving frequency. Combining the collaborative design of the vertical sound field and the mechanical structure, it realizes the efficient directional transportation of dust in the extraterrestrial environment. Using frequency conversion can well solve the problem of vertical transportation. Moreover, this variable-frequency ultrasonic-driven dust vertical transportation device can achieve non-contact transportation. The transported object rises under the action of the acoustic levitation radiation force in the transportation pipeline 5. Different from traditional machinery, there is no direct contact with the machinery, avoiding the pollution of the transportation target.

[0045] Optionally, a vibration absorption layer 3 is embedded in the side wall of the transportation pipeline 5, and the vibration absorption layer 3 is located between the vibration plate 9 and the inlet material box 4. In order to reduce the influence of the ultrasonic vibration at the bottom end of the transportation pipeline 5 on the side wall of the transportation pipeline 5, the vibration absorption layer 3 is embedded at the lower end of the side wall of the transportation pipeline 5. The vibration absorption layer 3 is made of vibration-absorbing material, which can reduce the energy loss of the side wall vibration and improve the vibration intensity at the bottom end.

[0046] Optionally, the vibration absorption layer 3 is located 10 mm above the vibration plate 9.

[0047] Optionally, the transportation pipeline 5 includes a straight section and a bent section. The bent section is located above the straight section, and the bent section bends in the direction close to the collection box 6. In order to make the dust particles at the upper end of the transportation pipeline 5 easier to be collected, a bent section is provided at the upper end of the transportation pipeline 5. The top end of the bent section is connected to the reflection plate 10, so that the dust particles are subjected to a horizontal acoustic levitation radiation force in the bent section, making the dust particles move obliquely upward and driving the dust particles to the collection box 6 on the side of the transportation pipeline 5 to achieve automatic collection.

[0048] Optionally, the straight section extends in the vertical direction.

[0049] Optionally, the transportation pipeline 5 is provided with a plurality of through holes at intervals, and the through holes communicate the inside of the transportation pipeline 5 with the inlet material box 4. The transportation pipeline 5 and the inlet material box 4 are communicated through a plurality of through holes, and the plurality of through holes are evenly distributed. When the dust is transported to the inlet material box 4, the dust can flow into the inside of the transportation pipeline 5 from the plurality of through holes, and then be vertically transported upward from the transportation pipeline 5 and finally transported to the collection box 6. Since there is a vibration absorption layer 3 between the vibration plate 9 and the inlet material box 4, the vibration of the side wall of the transportation pipeline 5 at the inlet material box 4 will be significantly reduced, but the remaining vibration will also reduce the blockage of the through holes.

[0050] Optionally, the transport pipeline 5 is provided with a communication port 8 which communicates above the collection box 6, and an outlet 7 is provided at the lower end of the collection box 6. The dust particles are transported from bottom to top in the transport pipeline 5. In the bending section, the dust particles move obliquely upward and enter the collection box 6. The communication port 8 is arranged above to prevent the dust from entering the transport pipeline 5 again after entering the collection box 6.

[0051] The present invention also provides a method for vertically transporting dust driven by variable-frequency ultrasound, which adopts the above-mentioned device for vertically transporting dust driven by variable-frequency ultrasound, and includes:

[0052] The ultrasonic generator 1 outputs a high-frequency alternating harmonic voltage as the excitation signal for the ultrasonic transducer.

[0053] The ultrasonic transducer converts the electrical signal into sound energy to generate ultrasonic waves. The ultrasonic waves are radiated into the air through the vibration of the vibration plate 9. The ultrasonic waves in the vertical direction are reflected after reaching the reflection plate 10 and are superposed with the original incident wave, so that a standing wave sound field is formed in the transport pipeline 5. Due to the action of the acoustic radiation force, the dust will move to the vicinity of the standing wave node position and stably suspend there.

[0054] The driving frequency of the ultrasonic transducer gradually increases from the initial driving frequency, and the position of the standing wave node gradually rises accordingly. Among them, the initial driving frequency of the ultrasonic transducer is selected as the frequency that can make the sound pressure intensity in the transport pipeline 5 reach the maximum.

[0055] Judge whether the position of the standing wave node has risen by one position period; if so, the driving frequency is restored to the initial driving frequency and then gradually increases again, forming a cyclic frequency period. The dust will continuously rise under the cyclic repetition of the frequency period until it reaches the collection box 6.

[0056] Specifically, judging whether the position of the standing wave node has risen by one position period includes:

[0057] Judge whether the nth standing wave node counted from bottom to top has moved to the position of the (n + 1)th standing wave node counted from bottom to top when the ultrasonic transducer is at the initial driving frequency;

[0058] If so, the position of the standing wave node has risen by one position period;

[0059] If not, the position of the standing wave node has not risen by one position period.

[0060] Obviously, the embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are only used to help illustrate the present invention. The embodiments do not describe all the details in detail, nor do they limit the invention to the specific embodiments described. According to the content of this specification, many modifications and variations can be made. These embodiments are selected and specifically described in this specification in order to better explain the principles and practical applications of the present invention, so that those skilled in the art can well understand and utilize the present invention. It is not necessary and impossible to enumerate all the embodiments here.

Claims

1. A vertically transporting device for dust driven by variable-frequency ultrasound, characterized in that Comprising: An ultrasonic generator (1); An excitation transducer (2), the excitation transducer (2) being connected to the ultrasonic generator (1); A transport pipeline (5), a vibrating plate (9) and a reflecting plate (10), the excitation transducer (2) being connected to the vibrating plate (9), the vibrating plate (9) being arranged at the bottom end of the transport pipeline (5), and the reflecting plate (10) being arranged at the top end of the transport pipeline (5); by changing the driving frequency of the excitation transducer (2), the dust in the transport pipeline (5) can be driven to move upward; An inlet material box (4), the inlet material box (4) being communicated with the lower end of the transport pipeline (5); A collection box (6), the collection box (6) being communicated with the upper end of the transport pipeline (5).

2. The vertical dust transportation device driven by variable-frequency ultrasound according to claim 1, wherein: An absorption layer (3) is embedded in the side wall of the transport pipeline (5), and the absorption layer (3) is located between the vibrating plate (9) and the inlet material box (4).

3. The vertical dust transportation device driven by variable-frequency ultrasound according to claim 2, characterized in that: The absorption layer (3) is located 10 mm above the vibrating plate (9).

4. The vertical dust transportation device driven by variable-frequency ultrasound according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transport pipeline (5) includes a straight section and a bent section, the bent section is located above the straight section, and the bent section is bent in the direction close to the collection box (6).

5. The vertically transporting device for dust driven by variable-frequency ultrasound according to claim 4, wherein: The straight section extends in the vertical direction.

6. The vertical dust transportation device driven by variable-frequency ultrasound according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of through holes are provided at intervals in the transport pipeline (5), and the through holes communicate the inside of the transport pipeline (5) with the inlet material box (4).

7. The vertical dust transportation device driven by variable-frequency ultrasound according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transport pipeline (5) is provided with a communication port (8), the communication port (8) communicates above the collection box (6), and an outlet (7) is provided at the lower end of the collection box (6).

8. A method for vertically transporting dust driven by variable-frequency ultrasound, characterized in that: Using the frequency conversion ultrasonic driven dust vertical transport device according to any one of claims 1-7, comprising: The ultrasonic generator (1) outputs a high-frequency alternating harmonic voltage as the excitation signal of the ultrasonic transducer; The ultrasonic transducer converts the electrical signal into sound energy, generates ultrasonic waves, and the ultrasonic waves are radiated into the air through the vibration of the vibrating plate (9). After the ultrasonic waves in the vertical direction are transmitted to the reflecting plate (10) and reflected, they are superposed with the original incident wave, and then a standing wave sound field will be formed in the transport pipeline (5); due to the action of the acoustic radiation force, the dust will move to the vicinity of the standing wave node position and stably suspend there; The driving frequency of the ultrasonic transducer gradually increases from the initial driving frequency, and the position of the standing wave node gradually rises accordingly; Judge whether the position of the standing wave node has risen by one position period; if so, the driving frequency is restored to the initial driving frequency and then gradually increases again, forming a cyclic frequency period. The dust will continuously rise under the cyclic reciprocation of the frequency period until it reaches the collection box (6).

9. The vertical dust transportation method driven by variable-frequency ultrasound according to claim 8, characterized in that: The initial driving frequency of the ultrasonic transducer is selected as the frequency that can make the sound pressure intensity in the transport pipeline (5) reach the maximum.

10. The method for vertically transporting dust driven by variable-frequency ultrasound according to claim 8, characterized in that: Judging whether the position of the standing wave node has risen by one position period includes: Judging whether the nth standing wave node counted from bottom to top has moved to the position of the (n + 1)th standing wave node counted from bottom to top when the ultrasonic transducer is at the initial driving frequency; If so, the position of the standing wave node has risen by one position period; If not, the position of the standing wave node has not risen by one position period.

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