Photovoltaic-driven biomass gasification hydrogen production system and hydrogen production method

Abstract

The invention provides a photovoltaic-driven biomass gasification hydrogen production system and a hydrogen production method. The system comprises a photovoltaic unit, an air water catching device, a crop planting unit and a biomass gasification hydrogen production unit. The photovoltaic unit comprises a photovoltaic assembly and a heat exchange device. The photovoltaic unit can provide electric energy and heat energy. The air water capturing device captures water from the air by using electric energy provided by the photovoltaic unit; the crop planting unit is used for irrigating crops with water provided by the air water catching device; the biomass gasification hydrogen production unit comprises a pyrolysis device, a gasification hydrogen production reaction device and a gas separation device; the pyrolysis device takes heat energy provided by the photovoltaic unit as a heat source to perform pyrolysis reaction on crops to obtain a pyrolysis product; the gasification hydrogen production reaction device is used for sequentially carrying out incomplete combustion reaction and catalytic conversion reaction on the pyrolysis product to obtain synthesis gas; the gas separation device is used for separating the synthesis gas to obtain hydrogen. By adopting the system for hydrogen production, the resource utilization rate can be increased, and the production cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of new energy, and more particularly, to a photovoltaic-driven biomass gasification hydrogen production system and a hydrogen production method. Background Art

[0002] As a clean, efficient, and high-energy-density energy carrier, hydrogen not only shows broad application prospects in fuel cells and industrial production, but also is regarded as a key element in achieving a sustainable energy system because it does not produce greenhouse gases during its use. However, current hydrogen production methods, such as fossil fuel cracking, natural gas reforming, methane steam reforming, and coal-to-hydrogen, are all accompanied by a large amount of greenhouse gas emissions and are difficult to meet the requirements of sustainable development.

[0003] Biological hydrogen production technology, especially biomass gasification hydrogen production technology, has become a research hotspot due to its resource recycling characteristics and environmental friendliness. Biomass gasification hydrogen production technology converts biomass into hydrogen-rich gas through pyrolysis reaction, and the hydrogen production efficiency can reach 20% to 60%, showing great potential in the field of sustainable energy.

[0004] However, biomass gasification hydrogen production technology is restricted by multiple challenges: one is that the biomass gasification hydrogen production process requires a relatively high temperature (650°C to 1000°C) and needs external energy for heating, resulting in high energy consumption; the second is that the intermittency of biomass raw material supply limits the stability and continuity of the hydrogen production process; the third is that the biomass gasification hydrogen production process requires a large amount of catalysts, and the use of catalysts will increase the cost.

[0005] In summary, researching and developing a photovoltaic-driven biomass gasification hydrogen production system and a hydrogen production method is of great significance for realizing the clean transformation of energy, reducing the cost of hydrogen production, and improving resource utilization efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The main object of the present invention is to provide a photovoltaic-driven biomass gasification hydrogen production system and a hydrogen production method to solve the problems of high energy consumption caused by high-temperature operation in the existing biomass gasification hydrogen production process, poor continuity of the hydrogen production process caused by unstable supply of biomass raw materials, and excessive hydrogen production cost.

[0007] To achieve the above object, on the one hand, the present invention provides a photovoltaic-driven biomass gasification hydrogen production system, which includes a photovoltaic unit, an air water capture device, a crop planting unit, and a biomass gasification hydrogen production unit. The photovoltaic unit includes a photovoltaic module and a heat exchange device; the air water capture device is electrically connected to the photovoltaic unit; the interior of the air water capture device is filled with an adsorption material; the air water capture device is provided with a first water outlet; the crop planting unit is used to irrigate crops with the water provided by the air water capture device; the biomass gasification hydrogen production unit includes a pyrolysis device, a gasification hydrogen production reaction device, and a gas separation device connected in sequence. Among them, the pyrolysis device is used to pyrolyze crops with the heat energy provided by the photovoltaic unit as a heat source to obtain pyrolysis products; the gasification hydrogen production reaction device is used to make the pyrolysis products successively undergo an incomplete combustion reaction and a catalytic conversion reaction to obtain syngas; it is provided with a syngas outlet; a catalyst bed layer is arranged inside it, and a catalyst is filled in the catalyst bed layer; the gas separation device is used to separate at least part of the syngas to obtain hydrogen; it is provided with a hydrogen outlet, and the inlet of the gas separation device is communicated with the syngas outlet.

[0008] Further, calculated by volume percentage of the air water capture device, the filling amount of the adsorption material is 30-70 vol%.

[0009] Further, the adsorption material is selected from metal-organic framework compounds and / or high molecular water-absorbing resins; more preferably, the metal-organic framework compound is selected from one or more of the group consisting of zirconium-based metal-organic framework compounds, zinc-based metal-organic framework compounds, and MIL series metal-organic framework compounds; the high molecular water-absorbing resin is selected from one or more of the group consisting of polyacrylic acid resin, polypyrrole, cellulose-based resin, chitosan-based resin, lithium chloride modified polyurethane resin, lithium chloride modified starch-based resin, silica powder modified SAP, starch grafted polyacrylic acid composite resin, and chitosan grafted montmorillonite composite resin.

[0010] Further, the air water capture device is also provided with a temperature control component.

[0011] Further, the air water capture device is also provided with a second water outlet, and the gasification hydrogen production reaction device is also provided with a water vapor inlet. The second water outlet is communicated with the water vapor inlet through a water delivery pipeline, and a heat exchanger is arranged on the water delivery pipeline for converting the water provided by the air water capture device into water vapor and introducing it into the gasification hydrogen production reaction device.

[0012] Further, the biomass gasification hydrogen production unit further includes: a drying and dehydration device for dehydrating crops to obtain a biomass raw material; the outlet of the drying and dehydration device is communicated with the inlet of the pyrolysis device.

[0013] Further, the crop planting unit includes soil; the gasification hydrogen production reaction device is also provided with an ash outlet for discharging the ash obtained from the reaction, and the ash is used for backfilling into the soil to provide fertilizers for the crops.

[0014] Further, the biomass gasification hydrogen production system further includes: a syngas storage device for storing the remaining part of the syngas for external sale as an industrial by-product.

[0015] Further, the weight ratio of the catalyst to the biomass raw material is (0.01 - 0.1):1.

[0016] Further, the catalyst is selected from nickel catalysts and / or basic catalysts, and more preferably the nickel catalyst is selected from one or more of the group consisting of nickel / carbon, nickel / silicon carbide, nickel oxide / titanium dioxide, iron nickel / porous graphene, nickel / calcium oxide - Ca 12 Al 14 O 33 composite carriers; the basic catalyst is selected from one or more of the group consisting of calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, nickel / magnesium oxide, nickel / calcium oxide, and MgFeO 2.5 / aluminum oxide.

[0017] Further, the gas separation device is selected from a membrane separation device or an adsorption separation device.

[0018] Further, the biomass gasification hydrogen production system further includes a purified water storage unit, which includes a water purification device and a water storage device connected in sequence, for purifying and storing the water discharged from the air water capture device to provide an irrigation water source for the crop planting unit; the inlet of the water purification device is connected to the first water outlet, and the water storage device is provided with a third water outlet.

[0019] Further, the biomass gasification hydrogen production system further includes a livestock breeding unit for raising livestock with the water discharged from the first water outlet and / or the third water outlet as drinking water and the crops cultivated in the crop planting unit as feed.

[0020] Further, the photovoltaic unit further includes an energy storage device and a heat storage device; the energy storage device is used for storing the electric energy generated by the photovoltaic module; the heat storage device is used for storing the heat energy generated by the heat exchange device.

[0021] To achieve the above object, another aspect of the present invention further provides a method for producing hydrogen by biomass gasification driven by photovoltaic power. This method for producing hydrogen by biomass gasification uses the above-mentioned photovoltaic-driven biomass gasification hydrogen production system provided by the present application to produce hydrogen. This method for producing hydrogen by biomass gasification includes: converting solar energy into electrical energy by using photovoltaic modules in the photovoltaic unit, and converting electrical energy into heat energy by using a heat exchange device; capturing moisture from the air by using an air water capture device, and irrigating the crops in the crop planting unit with the moisture provided by the air water capture device; pyrolyzing the crops by using a pyrolysis device to obtain pyrolysis products; subjecting the pyrolysis products to an incomplete combustion reaction and a catalytic conversion reaction in sequence by using a gasification hydrogen production reaction device to obtain syngas; separating at least part of the syngas by using a gas separation device to obtain hydrogen.

[0022] Further, the process of capturing moisture from the air by using an air water capture device includes an adsorption process and a desorption process that are carried out alternately.

[0023] Further, in each cycle, the temperature of the adsorption process is 10 - 30 °C, and the time is 1 - 3 h.

[0024] Further, in each cycle, the temperature of the desorption process is 50 - 100 °C, and the time is 0.5 - 2 h.

[0025] Further, the process of producing hydrogen by biomass gasification further includes: dehydrating the crops by using a drying and dehydration device to obtain biomass raw materials; pyrolyzing the biomass raw materials by using a pyrolysis device to obtain pyrolysis products.

[0026] Further, the catalytic conversion reaction includes a methane reforming reaction and / or a water gas shift reaction.

[0027] Further, a heat exchanger is used to convert the moisture provided by the air water capture device into water vapor and introduce it into the gasification hydrogen production reaction device.

[0028] Further, after the pyrolysis products are subjected to an incomplete combustion reaction and a catalytic conversion reaction in sequence, ash is also obtained. The method for producing hydrogen by biomass gasification further includes: backfilling the ash into the soil in the crop planting unit.

[0029] Further, the remaining part of the syngas is introduced into a syngas storage device.

[0030] Further, during the process of producing hydrogen by biomass gasification, the temperature of drying and dehydration is 100 - 200 °C, and the time is 1 - 3 h.

[0031] Further, the temperature of the pyrolysis reaction is 200 - 500 °C, and the time is 0.5 - 2 h.

[0032] Further, the incomplete combustion reaction is carried out in an oxygen-containing atmosphere; preferably, in the incomplete combustion reaction, the dosage ratio of oxygen to the biomass raw material is (300 - 360) L:1 kg.

[0033] Further, the temperature of the catalytic conversion reaction is 700 - 1000 °C, the pressure is 0.1 - 5 MPa, and the time is 0.5 - 2 h.

[0034] Applying the technical solution of the present invention, the present application provides a photovoltaic-driven biomass gasification hydrogen production system, including a photovoltaic unit, an air water capture device, a crop planting unit, and a biomass gasification hydrogen production unit. The photovoltaic unit is used to convert solar energy into electric energy and provide heat energy at the same time. Among them, the electric energy can be supplied to the air water capture device to meet its operating power requirements, and the heat energy can be supplied to the biomass gasification hydrogen production unit to provide a heat source for the biomass gasification hydrogen production process, thereby reducing external energy heating and energy consumption. The air water capture device uses the electric energy provided by the photovoltaic unit to capture moisture from the surrounding air. On the one hand, it can alleviate the problem of water resource shortage in arid areas such as deserts and gobi, and on the other hand, it can provide irrigation water for the crop planting unit, thereby ensuring the growth of crops and the sustainable supply of biomass raw materials, and further enhancing the adaptability and self-sufficiency of the entire system. The biomass gasification hydrogen production unit can use the heat energy provided by the photovoltaic unit as a heat source, use the crops provided by the crop planting unit as raw materials, and convert the crops into hydrogen-rich gas through pyrolysis reaction, incomplete combustion reaction, and catalytic conversion reaction carried out in sequence to obtain hydrogen. The above system solves the problems in the prior art such as high energy consumption caused by high-temperature operation in the biomass gasification hydrogen production process, poor continuity of the hydrogen production process caused by unstable supply of biomass raw materials, and too high hydrogen production cost, realizes the effective integration and recycling of energy, water resources, and biomass raw materials, provides an innovative solution for building a sustainable energy system, and has significant economic and environmental benefits. Description of the Drawings

[0035] The specification drawings forming a part of the present application are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The schematic embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation to the present invention. In the drawings:

[0036] Figure 1 Shows the schematic structural diagram of a photovoltaic-driven biomass gasification hydrogen production system in an embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Figure 2 Shows the schematic structural diagram of a photovoltaic-driven biomass gasification hydrogen production system in another embodiment of the present application.

[0038] Among them, the above-mentioned drawings include the following reference numerals:

[0039] 100, Photovoltaic unit; 200, Air water capture device; 300, Crop planting unit; 400, Biomass gasification hydrogen production unit; 410, Pyrolysis device; 420, Gasification hydrogen production reaction device; 430, Gas separation device; 431, Hydrogen outlet; 440, Drying and dehydration device; 500, Heat exchanger; 600, Purified water storage unit; 610, Purified water device; 620, Water storage device; 700, Livestock breeding unit. Detailed implementation manners

[0040] It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0041] As described in the background art, there are problems in the existing biomass gasification hydrogen production process, such as high energy consumption, unstable supply of biomass raw materials, and the resulting poor continuity of the hydrogen production process and excessively high hydrogen production cost. At the same time, with the maturity of photovoltaic technology and the decline in cost, solar energy has been widely used in energy production. Photovoltaic hydrogen production, that is, using solar energy to drive an electrochemical reaction to decompose water to produce hydrogen, as a green hydrogen production solution, has received increasing attention. Photovoltaic technology can convert abundant solar energy into electrical energy, providing a clean path for a sustainable energy system. However, within the framework of the existing technology, how to effectively connect photovoltaic clean energy with the biomass gasification hydrogen production process to ensure green, efficient, and economical production from raw material acquisition to hydrogen production remains the focus of current research.

[0042] To solve the above technical problems, the first aspect of the present application provides a photovoltaic-driven biomass gasification hydrogen production system, as Figure 1As shown in the figure, the biomass gasification hydrogen production system includes a photovoltaic unit 100, an air water capture device 200, a crop planting unit 300, and a biomass gasification hydrogen production unit 400. The photovoltaic unit 100 includes a photovoltaic module and a heat exchange device. Among them, the photovoltaic module is used to convert solar energy into electrical energy, and the heat exchange device is used to convert electrical energy into heat energy; the air water capture device 200 is electrically connected to the photovoltaic unit 100 to capture moisture from the air by using the electrical energy provided by the photovoltaic unit 100; the inside of the air water capture device 200 is filled with an adsorption material; the air water capture device 200 is provided with a first moisture outlet; the crop planting unit 300 is used to irrigate crops with the moisture provided by the air water capture device 200; the biomass gasification hydrogen production unit 400 includes a pyrolysis device 410, a gasification hydrogen production reaction device 420, and a gas separation device 430 that are connected in sequence. Among them, the pyrolysis device 410 is used to perform a pyrolysis reaction on crops with the heat energy provided by the photovoltaic unit 100 as a heat source to obtain pyrolysis products; the gasification hydrogen production reaction device 420 is used to make the pyrolysis products successively undergo an incomplete combustion reaction and a catalytic conversion reaction to obtain syngas; the gasification hydrogen production reaction device 420 is provided with a syngas outlet; a catalyst bed layer is arranged inside the gasification hydrogen production reaction device 420, and a catalyst is loaded in the catalyst bed layer; the gas separation device 430 is used to separate at least part of the syngas to obtain hydrogen; the gas separation device 430 is provided with a hydrogen outlet 431, and the inlet of the gas separation device 430 is communicated with the syngas outlet.

[0043] The above-mentioned photovoltaic-driven biomass gasification hydrogen production system provided by this application includes a photovoltaic unit 100, an air water capture device 200, a crop planting unit 300, and a biomass gasification hydrogen production unit 400. The photovoltaic unit 100 includes a photovoltaic module and a heat exchange device. The photovoltaic module is used to convert solar energy into electrical energy, and the heat exchange device is used to convert electrical energy into heat energy. Among them, the electrical energy can be supplied to the air water capture device 200 to meet its operating power requirements, and the heat energy can be supplied to the biomass gasification hydrogen production unit 400 to provide a heat source for the biomass gasification hydrogen production process, thereby reducing external energy heating and lowering energy consumption. The air water capture device 200 can capture moisture from the surrounding air by using the electrical energy provided by the photovoltaic unit 100. On the one hand, it can alleviate the problem of water resource shortage in arid areas such as deserts and gobi. On the other hand, it can provide an irrigation water source for the crop planting unit 300, thereby ensuring the growth of crops and the sustainable supply of biomass raw materials, and further enhancing the adaptability and self-sufficiency of the entire system. The biomass gasification hydrogen production unit 400 can use the heat energy provided by the photovoltaic unit 100 as a heat source for the biomass gasification hydrogen production process. The biomass gasification hydrogen production unit 400 includes a pyrolysis device 410, a gasification hydrogen production reaction device 420, and a gas separation device 430. The above-mentioned devices connected in sequence are used to make crops successively undergo a pyrolysis reaction, an incomplete combustion reaction, and a catalytic conversion reaction to obtain syngas, and then hydrogen is obtained through gas separation.

[0044] The above system solves the problems in the prior art, such as high energy consumption caused by high-temperature operation in the process of biomass gasification for hydrogen production, poor continuity in the hydrogen production process due to unstable supply of biomass raw materials, and excessively high hydrogen production cost. It realizes the effective integration and recycling of energy, water resources, and biomass raw materials, provides an innovative solution for building a sustainable energy system, and has significant economic and environmental benefits.

[0045] It should be noted that the syngas in this application refers to a mixed gas composed of carbon monoxide and hydrogen.

[0046] In a preferred embodiment, based on the volume percentage of the air water capture device 200, the filling amount of the adsorbent material is 30-70 vol%. The filling amount of the adsorbent material includes but is not limited to the above range. Limiting it within the above range is beneficial to improving the water capture efficiency of the air water capture device 200, thus being beneficial to continuously and stably providing irrigation water for the crop planting unit 300, and at the same time being beneficial to reducing energy consumption.

[0047] In a preferred embodiment, the adsorbent material includes but is not limited to metal-organic framework compounds and / or superabsorbent polymers. Compared with other materials, the above adsorbent materials have excellent moisture absorption performance and stability. On the one hand, it is beneficial to improve the adsorption efficiency of moisture in the air, thus being beneficial to improving the efficiency of air water capture. On the other hand, it is beneficial to improve the stability of the adsorbent material in the cycle of repeated adsorption and desorption, being beneficial to reducing the replacement frequency of the adsorbent material, and thus being beneficial to reducing production costs.

[0048] In order to further improve the adsorption efficiency of moisture in the air, further improve the efficiency of air water capture, further improve the stability of the adsorbent material in the cycle of repeated adsorption and desorption, and further reduce production costs, preferably, the metal-organic framework compounds include but are not limited to one or more of the group consisting of zirconium-based metal-organic framework compounds (zirconium-based MOFs), zinc-based metal-organic framework compounds (zinc-based MOFs), and MIL series metal-organic framework compounds; the superabsorbent polymers are selected from polyacrylic acid resins, polypyrrole, cellulose-based resins, chitosan-based resins, lithium chloride-modified polyurethane resins, lithium chloride-modified starch-based resins, silica powder-modified SAP, starch-grafted polyacrylic acid composite resins, and chitosan-grafted montmorillonite composite resins. More preferably, the zirconium-based metal-organic framework compounds include but are not limited to MOF-808.

[0049] It should be noted that the MIL series of metal-organic framework compounds are a series of metal-organic framework compounds developed by the Materials of Institute Lavoisier (abbreviated as MIL) in France. Among them, MIL-53(Al) has trivalent aluminum ions as the center, and is bridged with the organic ligand terephthalic acid (BDC) through carboxyl groups to form a one-dimensional pore structure; MIL-101(Cr) has trivalent chromium ions as the center, and is connected with the organic ligand (BDC) through coordination bonds to form a three-dimensional porous network. More preferably, the MIL series of metal-organic framework compounds include but are not limited to MIL-53(Al) and / or MIL-101(Cr). The silica powder modified SAP is obtained by compounding super absorbent polymer (abbreviated as SAP) and silica powder, wherein the weight ratio of SAP to silica powder is (15-20):(80-85).

[0050] In order to more precisely adjust the operating temperature in the air water capture device 200 and further improve the efficiency of air water capture, in a preferred embodiment, the air water capture device 200 is further provided with a temperature control component.

[0051] In a preferred embodiment, as Figure 2 shown, the air water capture device 200 is further provided with a second water outlet, and the gasification hydrogen production reaction device 420 is further provided with a water vapor inlet. The second water outlet is communicated with the water vapor inlet through a water delivery pipeline, and a heat exchanger 500 is arranged on the water delivery pipeline for converting the water provided by the air water capture device 200 into water vapor and introducing it into the gasification hydrogen production reaction device 420. The heat exchanger 500 can convert the water provided by the air water capture device 200 into water vapor, providing the required water vapor for the catalytic conversion reaction occurring in the gasification hydrogen production reaction device 420, which is beneficial to improving the reaction efficiency of the catalytic conversion reaction in the biomass gasification hydrogen production process, beneficial to increasing the hydrogen production, and at the same time beneficial to improving the resource utilization rate and reducing the production cost.

[0052] In a preferred embodiment, as Figure 2 shown, the biomass gasification hydrogen production unit 400 further includes: a drying and dehydration device 440 for dehydrating crops to obtain biomass raw materials; the outlet of the drying and dehydration device 440 is communicated with the inlet of the pyrolysis device 410. The setting of the drying and dehydration device 440 is beneficial to fully dehydrating the crops to obtain biomass raw materials, which is beneficial to improving the efficiency and stability of subsequent reactions, and at the same time beneficial to reducing the energy consumption in the subsequent reaction process.

[0053] The ash in this application refers to the inorganic matter remaining after the biomass gasification hydrogen production reaction, which is rich in minerals and trace elements required for crop growth. In a preferred embodiment, the crop planting unit 300 includes soil; the gasification hydrogen production reaction device 420 is also provided with an ash outlet for discharging the ash obtained from the reaction, and the ash is used for backfilling into the soil to provide fertilizer for the crops. Backfilling the ash generated during the biomass gasification hydrogen production process into the soil as fertilizer is beneficial to enhancing soil fertility on the one hand, thus conducive to increasing crop yields and stably and continuously providing biomass raw materials for biomass gasification hydrogen production. On the other hand, it is beneficial to improve resource utilization efficiency and enhance the adaptability and self-sufficiency of the entire system.

[0054] Backfilling the ash into the soil of the crop planting unit 300 is beneficial to solving the problem of ash treatment generated during the gasification process, and is also beneficial to supplementing the soil as fertilizer and promoting crop growth, forming a virtuous cycle of "biomass raw material - hydrogen production - fertilizer backfilling".

[0055] In order to improve resource utilization efficiency and at the same time increase economic benefits, in a preferred embodiment, the biomass gasification hydrogen production system further includes: a syngas storage device for storing the remaining part of the syngas for external sale as an industrial by-product.

[0056] In a preferred embodiment, the weight ratio of the catalyst to the biomass raw material is (0.01 - 0.1):1. The weight ratio of the catalyst to the biomass raw material includes but is not limited to the above range. Limiting it within the above range is beneficial to improving the reaction efficiency of the catalytic conversion reaction during the biomass gasification hydrogen production process, beneficial to increasing the hydrogen production, and at the same time beneficial to improving the gas flow distribution and heat distribution inside the gasification hydrogen production reaction device 420, reducing the risk of local overheating and blockage caused by excessive catalyst, thereby being beneficial to improving the stability and safety of the operation of the gasification hydrogen production reaction device 420.

[0057] In a preferred embodiment, the catalyst includes but is not limited to nickel catalysts and / or basic catalysts. Compared with other types, using the above types of catalysts is beneficial to improving the reaction efficiency of the catalytic conversion reaction during the biomass gasification hydrogen production process, beneficial to increasing the hydrogen production, inhibiting the formation of by-products such as tar, thus being beneficial to inhibiting the corrosion and blockage of equipment by by-products such as tar, and further being beneficial to reducing system maintenance and cost reduction.

[0058] To further improve the reaction efficiency of the catalytic conversion reaction, further increase the hydrogen production, and further inhibit the formation of by-products such as tar, preferably, the nickel catalyst includes but is not limited to nickel / carbon (Ni / C), nickel / silicon carbide (Ni / SiC), nickel oxide / titanium dioxide (NiO / TiO2), iron nickel / porous graphene (FeNi / PG), nickel / calcium oxide - Ca12 Al 14 O 33 One or more of the group consisting of composite supports (Ni / CaO-Ca 12 Al 14 O 33 composite support); the basic catalyst includes but is not limited to calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, nickel / magnesium oxide (Ni / MgO), nickel / calcium oxide (Ni / CaO), and MgFeO 2.5 / aluminum oxide (MgFeO 2.5 / Al2O3) one or more of the group consisting of.

[0059] In a preferred embodiment, the gas separation device 430 includes but is not limited to a membrane separation device or an adsorption separation device. Compared with other devices, using the above gas separation device 430 is beneficial to improving the separation efficiency of syngas, and thus beneficial to improving the purity of hydrogen.

[0060] In order to further improve the separation efficiency of syngas and thus further improve the purity of hydrogen, preferably, the structure of the membrane in the membrane separation device includes but is not limited to hollow fiber membranes or flat membranes; the adsorption materials in the adsorption separation device include but are not limited to molecular sieves or activated carbon.

[0061] In a preferred embodiment, as Figure 2 shown, the biomass gasification hydrogen production system further includes a purified water storage unit 600, which includes a water purification device 610 and a water storage device 620 connected in series, and is used to purify and store the water discharged from the air water capture device 200, and provide irrigation water source for the crop planting unit 300; the inlet of the water purification device 610 is connected to the first water outlet, and the water storage device 620 is provided with a third water outlet. The purified water storage unit 600 is used to purify and store the water captured from the air by the air water capture device 200, which is beneficial to providing a stable and high-quality irrigation water source for the crop planting unit 300 and beneficial to improving the utilization rate of water resources.

[0062] In a preferred embodiment, as Figure 2 shown, the biomass gasification hydrogen production system further includes: a livestock breeding unit 700, which is used to raise livestock with the water discharged from the first water outlet and / or the third water outlet as drinking water and the crops cultivated by the crop planting unit 300 as feed. The setting of the livestock breeding unit 700 is beneficial to improving the utilization rate of resources, combining crop planting and livestock breeding. The crops can be used as feed for livestock, and the manure produced by livestock can be used as fertilizer for backfilling to improve soil quality, which is beneficial to improving the adaptability and self-sufficiency ability of the whole system and beneficial to increasing economic benefits.

[0063] In a preferred embodiment, the photovoltaic unit 100 further includes an energy storage device and a heat storage device; the energy storage device is used to store the electric energy generated by the photovoltaic module; the heat storage device is used to store the thermal energy generated by the heat exchange device. The settings of the energy storage device and the heat storage device can store excess electric energy and thermal energy for use when there is no sunlight, which is beneficial to improving the energy utilization rate.

[0064] The second aspect of the present application further provides a method for producing hydrogen by biomass gasification driven by photovoltaic. This method for producing hydrogen by biomass gasification uses the above-mentioned photovoltaic-driven biomass gasification system provided by the present application for hydrogen production. This method for producing hydrogen by biomass gasification includes: converting solar energy into electric energy by using the photovoltaic module in the photovoltaic unit 100, and converting the electric energy into thermal energy by using the heat exchange device; capturing moisture from the air by using the air water capture device 200, and irrigating the crops in the crop planting unit 300 with the moisture provided by the air water capture device 200; pyrolyzing the crops by using the pyrolysis device 410 to obtain pyrolysis products; enabling the pyrolysis products to successively undergo an incomplete combustion reaction and a catalytic conversion reaction by using the gasification hydrogen production reaction device 420 to obtain syngas; separating at least part of the syngas by using the gas separation device 430 to obtain hydrogen.

[0065] In the above-mentioned method for producing hydrogen by biomass gasification driven by photovoltaic provided by the present application, solar energy is converted into electric energy by using the photovoltaic module to provide electric energy for the air water capture device 200, and the electric energy is further converted into thermal energy by using the heat exchange device to provide a heat source for the biomass gasification hydrogen production process, thereby being able to reduce external energy heating and lower energy consumption. Capturing moisture from the surrounding air by using the air water capture device 200 can, on the one hand, alleviate the problem of water resource shortage in arid areas, and on the other hand, provide irrigation water for the crop planting unit 300, thereby ensuring the growth of crops and the sustainable supply of biomass raw materials, and further enhancing the adaptability and self-sufficiency of the entire system. Using the pyrolysis device 410 to pyrolyze the crops to decompose the crops into pyrolysis products such as biochar (carbon-containing solid residue), tar, and volatile gases (including CO, CO2, CH4, H2, water vapor, and light hydrocarbons generated by tar cracking, etc.); using the gasification hydrogen production reaction device 420 to enable the pyrolysis products to undergo an incomplete combustion reaction. In this stage, the carbon in the biochar and the carbon particles generated by tar cracking react with limited oxygen to generate CO and a small amount of CO2, and the generated CO and CH4 (mainly from the pyrolysis reaction) undergo a catalytic conversion reaction under the catalysis of a catalyst to obtain hydrogen-rich syngas. Finally, using the gas separation device 430 to separate hydrogen from the syngas to obtain hydrogen with a relatively high purity.

[0066] Compared with other methods, the above-mentioned biomass gasification hydrogen production method of the present application can achieve the effective integration and recycling of solar energy, water resources and biomass raw materials, reduce the dependence on external energy, lower the hydrogen production cost, solve the problems in the prior art such as high energy consumption caused by high-temperature operation in the biomass gasification hydrogen production process, poor continuity of the hydrogen production process caused by unstable supply of biomass raw materials, and excessively high hydrogen production cost, and provides an innovative solution for building a sustainable energy system, with significant economic and environmental benefits.

[0067] In a preferred embodiment, the catalytic conversion reaction includes a methane reforming reaction and / or a water gas shift reaction. Among them, the reaction equation of the methane reforming reaction is: The reaction equation of the water gas shift reaction is:

[0068] In order to supplement the required water vapor for the catalytic conversion reaction, further improve the reaction efficiency of the catalytic conversion reaction, further increase the hydrogen production, and at the same time, in order to further improve the resource utilization rate and reduce the production cost, in a preferred embodiment, a heat exchanger 500 is used to convert the moisture provided by the air water capture device 200 into water vapor and introduce it into the gasification hydrogen production reaction device 420 to provide the required water vapor for the catalytic conversion reaction.

[0069] In a preferred embodiment, the temperature of the pyrolysis reaction is 200 - 500 °C, and the time is 0.5 - 2 h. The temperature and time of the pyrolysis reaction include but are not limited to the above range. Limiting them within the above range is beneficial to improving the efficiency of the pyrolysis reaction, beneficial to increasing the hydrogen production and purity, and at the same time is also beneficial to improving the utilization rate of thermal energy and beneficial to reducing the energy consumption in the hydrogen production process.

[0070] In order to inhibit the occurrence of a complete combustion reaction and at the same time to generate more CO, so as to further increase the hydrogen production, in a preferred embodiment, the incomplete combustion reaction is carried out in an oxygen-containing atmosphere; preferably, in the incomplete combustion reaction, the dosage ratio of oxygen to biomass raw materials is (300 - 360) L:1 kg.

[0071] In a preferred embodiment, the temperature of the catalytic conversion reaction is 700 - 1000 °C, the pressure is 0.1 - 5 MPa, and the time is 0.5 - 2 h. The temperature and time of the catalytic conversion reaction include but are not limited to the above range. Limiting them within the above range is beneficial to improving the reaction efficiency of the catalytic conversion reaction, beneficial to increasing the hydrogen production and purity, and at the same time is also beneficial to improving the utilization rate of thermal energy and beneficial to reducing the energy consumption in the hydrogen production process.

[0072] In a preferred embodiment, the process of capturing moisture from the air by the air water capture device 200 includes an adsorption process and a desorption process that are carried out alternately. Compared with other methods, through the alternately carried out adsorption process and desorption process, it is beneficial to regenerate the adsorption material by desorption after reaching saturation, which is beneficial to improving the efficiency of capturing moisture from the air and beneficial to ensuring the stability of the long-term operation of the air water capture device 200.

[0073] To further improve the adsorption efficiency and thus further improve the efficiency of capturing moisture from the air, preferably, the temperature of the adsorption process in each cycle is 10 - 30 °C and the time is 1 - 3 h.

[0074] To further improve the desorption efficiency and thus further improve the efficiency of capturing moisture from the air, preferably, the temperature of the desorption process in each cycle is 50 - 100 °C and the time is 0.5 - 2 h.

[0075] In a preferred embodiment, the process of biomass gasification for hydrogen production further includes: using a drying and dehydration device 440 to dehydrate crops to obtain biomass raw materials; using a pyrolysis device 410 to carry out pyrolysis reactions on the biomass raw materials to obtain pyrolysis products. Compared with other methods, using the drying and dehydration device 440 to pre-dehydrate crops to obtain biomass raw materials is beneficial to improving the efficiency of subsequent pyrolysis reactions and is also beneficial to reducing the energy consumption in subsequent reaction processes.

[0076] To improve the efficiency of crop dehydration and at the same time to further improve the utilization rate of thermal energy and further reduce the energy consumption in the hydrogen production process, in a preferred embodiment, during the process of biomass gasification for hydrogen production, the temperature of drying and dehydration is 100 - 200 °C and the time is 1 - 3 h.

[0077] In a preferred embodiment, after the pyrolysis products successively undergo an incomplete combustion reaction and a catalytic conversion reaction, ash is also obtained. The biomass gasification hydrogen production method further includes: backfilling the ash into the soil in the crop planting unit 300. The inorganic matter residues during the incomplete combustion reaction and the catalytic conversion reaction, as ash, are backfilled into the soil of the crop planting unit 300, which is beneficial to improving the soil structure and promoting the growth of crops.

[0078] To improve economic efficiency, preferably, the remaining part of the syngas is introduced into the syngas storage device. The stored remaining part of the syngas can be sold as an industrial by-product.

[0079] The following further describes the present application in detail with specific embodiments, and these embodiments should not be construed as limiting the scope claimed by the present application.

[0080] Example 1

[0081] A photovoltaic-driven biomass gasification method for producing hydrogen, using Figure 2 The photovoltaic driven biomass gasification hydrogen production system shown is used to produce hydrogen, and the specific method is as follows;

[0082] The photovoltaic panels in the photovoltaic unit 100 are used to convert solar energy into electrical energy, and the heat exchanger in the photovoltaic unit 100 is used to convert part of the electrical energy into thermal energy. The generated electrical energy is used to drive the air water capture device 200 to capture moisture from the air, and the generated thermal energy is used in the whole process of biomass gasification and hydrogen production;

[0083] The air water capture device 200 was used to adsorb water for 1 hour at 20° C. and a relative humidity of 40%, and then desorbed for 1 hour at 80° C. The air water capture device 200 was cyclically operated to continuously provide a water source, wherein the air water capture device 200 was filled with an adsorption material MOF-808-Br (purchased from Xi'an Qiyue Biology), and the filling amount of the adsorption material was 40 vol% based on the volume percentage of the air water capture device 200;

[0084] The water captured by the air water capture device 200 is sent to the water purification device 610 in the water purification and storage unit 600. After being processed by the water purification device 610, it is stored in the water storage device 620 to provide irrigation water for the crop planting unit 300 and drinking water for the animal husbandry unit 700. At the same time, the crop planting unit 300 provides feed for the animal husbandry unit 700.

[0085] The crop is dehydrated at 150° C. for 1 hour by using a drying and dehydrating device 440 to a moisture content of ≤1wt% to obtain a biomass raw material, and the biomass raw material is subjected to a pyrolysis reaction at 500° C. for 1 hour by using a pyrolysis device 410 to obtain a pyrolysis product, wherein the pyrolysis product includes CO, CO2, CH4, H2, water vapor, and C1-C6 hydrocarbon compounds produced by tar cracking;

[0086] A gasification hydrogen production reaction device 420 is used to make the pyrolysis product undergo an incomplete combustion reaction and a catalytic conversion reaction in sequence to obtain synthesis gas and ash, wherein the incomplete combustion reaction is carried out in an oxygen-containing atmosphere, and the ratio of oxygen to biomass raw material is 360L:1kg; the catalyst for the catalytic conversion reaction is MgO and Ni-based catalyst Ni / SiC (Ni loading is 15wt%), the weight ratio of MgO to Ni / SiC is 0.43:1, the weight ratio of the catalyst for the catalytic conversion reaction to the biomass raw material is 0.01:1, the temperature of the incomplete combustion reaction is 500°C, the time is 1h, and the temperature of the catalytic conversion reaction is 800°C, and the time is 1h; the ash (components include MgO, CaO, Al2O3, SiO2, K2O and Na2O) is backfilled into the soil of the crop planting unit 300 as fertilizer for the growth of herbaceous plants such as alfalfa and Artemisia argyi;

[0087] The synthesis gas is separated by a gas separation device 430 to obtain hydrogen, which is discharged from a hydrogen outlet 431. The gas separation device 430 is a membrane separator (Prisin hydrogen membrane separator, HM type).

[0088] Example 2

[0089] The difference from Example 1 is that in the gasification hydrogen production reaction device 420, the weight ratio of the catalyst for the catalytic conversion reaction to the biomass raw material is 0.1:1, and the remaining steps are the same as in Example 1.

[0090] Example 3

[0091] The difference from Example 1 is that in the gasification hydrogen production reaction device 420, the weight ratio of the catalyst for the catalytic conversion reaction to the biomass raw material is 0.15:1, and the remaining steps are the same as in Example 1.

[0092] Example 4

[0093] The difference from Example 1 is that in the gasification hydrogen production reaction device 420, the temperature of the incomplete combustion reaction is 600°C and the time is 1.5 hours, the temperature of the catalytic conversion reaction is 1000°C and the time is 1.5 hours, and the remaining steps are the same as Example 1.

[0094] Example 5

[0095] The difference from Example 1 is that in the gasification hydrogen production reaction device 420, the temperature of the incomplete combustion reaction is 600°C and the time is 2 hours, the temperature of the catalytic conversion reaction is 650°C and the time is 2 hours, and the remaining steps are the same as Example 1.

[0096] Example 6

[0097] The difference from Example 1 is that the adsorption material Zr-MOF (Xi'an Qiyue Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Zr-MOF1) is used to replace the MOF-808-Br adsorption material in the air water capture device 200 in Example 1, and the filling amount of the adsorption material is 70 vol% in terms of the volume percentage of the air water capture device 200, and the remaining steps are the same as Example 1.

[0098] Example 7

[0099] The difference from Example 1 is that the filling amount of the adsorption material is 25 vol%, based on the volume percentage of the air water capture device 200, and the remaining steps are the same as those in Example 1.

[0100] Example 8

[0101] The difference from Example 1 is that after the water capture device 200 adsorbs water for 2 h under the conditions of 30°C and a relative humidity of 50%, it desorbs at 100°C for 1 h and operates in a cycle. The remaining steps are the same as those in Example 1.

[0102] Example 9

[0103] The difference from Example 1 is that after the water capture device 200 adsorbs water for 2 h under the conditions of 10°C and a relative humidity of 55%, it desorbs at 40°C for 1.5 h and operates in a cycle. The remaining steps are the same as those in Example 1.

[0104] Comparative Example 1

[0105] A method for producing hydrogen by biomass gasification specifically includes the following steps:

[0106] Using the same biomass raw materials as in Example 1;

[0107] Using a steam generator to generate steam, heating the steam to 500°C by a boiler, and transporting it to a gasifier at a pressure of 2.8 MPa to contact with the biomass raw materials to initiate a gasification reaction, generating gasification reaction products, where the gasification reaction products include syngas, a small amount of CO2, and CH4;

[0108] Using a membrane separator (with the same model as in Example 1) to separate the gasification reaction products to obtain hydrogen.

[0109] The above method requires supporting equipment such as a steam generator and a heat energy recovery system to ensure efficient operation and reduce energy waste. Therefore, the cost of its production equipment is relatively high.

[0110] The operating cost of Example 1 is 160 yuan / ton of steam (for heating), and the energy consumption is 500 kWh / ton (calculated based on methanol); the operating cost of Comparative Example 1 is 180 yuan / ton of steam (for heating), and the energy consumption is 600 kWh / ton (calculated based on methanol).

[0111] The average daily power generation of the photovoltaic panels, the average daily water capture amount, the average hydrogen production amount per kilogram of crops, and the hydrogen purity in Examples 1 to 9 of this application, as well as the average hydrogen production amount per kilogram of crops and the hydrogen purity in Comparative Example 1, are shown in Table 1.

[0112] Table 1

[0113]

[0114] From the above description, it can be seen that the above embodiments of the present invention achieve the following technical effects:

[0115] The biomass gasification hydrogen production method in Comparative Example 1 is a commonly used method at present. This method can increase the hydrogen production rate by 40% - 60%. However, Comparative Example 1 requires supporting equipment such as a steam generator and a heat energy recovery system to ensure efficient operation. Therefore, the cost of its production equipment is relatively high and the energy consumption is high. By comparing Example 1 and Comparative Example 1, it can be seen that the average hydrogen production per kilogram of crop and the hydrogen purity in Comparative Example 1 are both lower than those in Example 1. Moreover, a large amount of water vapor needs to be additionally supplemented during the hydrogen production process in Comparative Example 1, while in Example 1, the water captured by the air water capture device 200 can be converted into water vapor through the heat exchanger 500 and provided to the gasification hydrogen production reaction device 420, thereby realizing the effective integration and recycling of energy, water resources, and biomass raw materials. It can be seen from this that the above-mentioned photovoltaic-driven biomass gasification hydrogen production system provided by the present application solves the problems of high energy consumption caused by high-temperature operation in the existing biomass gasification hydrogen production process, poor continuity of the hydrogen production process caused by unstable supply of biomass raw materials, and excessively high hydrogen production cost, realizes the effective integration and recycling of energy, water resources, and biomass raw materials, provides an innovative solution for building a sustainable energy system, and has significant economic and environmental benefits.

[0116] Comparing Examples 1 to 3, it can be seen that, compared with other ranges, limiting the weight ratio of the catalyst for the catalytic conversion reaction to the biomass raw material within the above range is beneficial to improving the reaction efficiency of the catalytic conversion reaction in the biomass gasification hydrogen production process and is beneficial to increasing the hydrogen production.

[0117] Comparing Examples 1, 4, and 5, it can be seen that, compared with other ranges, limiting the reaction temperature and time of the catalytic conversion reaction within the above range is beneficial to improving the reaction efficiency of the catalytic conversion reaction, is beneficial to increasing the hydrogen production and purity, and is also beneficial to improving the utilization rate of heat energy and reducing the energy consumption during the hydrogen production process.

[0118] Comparing Examples 1, 6, and 7, it can be seen that, compared with other ranges, limiting the filling amount of the adsorption material in the air water capture device 200 within the above range is beneficial to improving the water capture efficiency of the air water capture device 200 and is also beneficial to reducing the energy consumption.

[0119] Comparing Examples 1, 8, and 9, it can be seen that, compared with other ranges, limiting the temperature and time of the desorption process during the air water capture process within the above range is beneficial to improving the desorption efficiency of water and thus is beneficial to increasing the water capture amount.

[0120] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the description and claims of the present application are used to distinguish similar objects and do not necessarily need to be used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such terms can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances so that the embodiments of the present application described herein can be implemented, for example, in an order other than those described herein.

[0121] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and changes. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic-driven biomass gasification hydrogen production system, characterized in that, The biomass gasification hydrogen production system includes: A photovoltaic unit (100), including photovoltaic modules and a heat exchange device; An air water capture device (200), which is electrically connected to the photovoltaic unit (100); an adsorption material is filled inside the air water capture device (200); the air water capture device (200) is provided with a first water outlet; A crop planting unit (300), used for irrigating crops with the water provided by the air water capture device (200); A biomass gasification hydrogen production unit (400), including components connected in sequence: A pyrolysis device (410), used for pyrolyzing the crops with the heat energy provided by the photovoltaic unit (100) as the heat source to obtain pyrolysis products; A gasification hydrogen production reaction device (420), used for sequentially performing an incomplete combustion reaction and a catalytic conversion reaction on the pyrolysis products to obtain syngas; it is provided with a syngas outlet; a catalyst bed layer is arranged inside it, and a catalyst is filled in the catalyst bed layer; A gas separation device (430), used for separating at least part of the syngas to obtain hydrogen; it is provided with a hydrogen outlet (431), and the inlet of the gas separation device (430) is communicated with the syngas outlet.

2. The photovoltaic-driven biomass gasification hydrogen production system according to claim 1, wherein Calculated by volume percentage of the air water capture device (200), the filling amount of the adsorption material is 30 - 70 vol%; Preferably, the adsorption material is selected from metal-organic framework compounds and / or high molecular water-absorbing resins; more preferably, the metal-organic framework compound is selected from one or more of the group consisting of zirconium-based metal-organic framework compounds, zinc-based metal-organic framework compounds, and MIL series metal-organic framework compounds; the high molecular water-absorbing resin is selected from one or more of the group consisting of polyacrylic acid resins, polypyrrole, cellulose-based resins, chitosan-based resins, lithium chloride modified polyurethane resins, lithium chloride modified starch-based resins, silica powder modified SAP, starch grafted polyacrylic acid composite resins, and chitosan grafted montmorillonite composite resins; Preferably, the air water capture device (200) is further provided with a temperature control component.

3. The photovoltaic-driven biomass gasification hydrogen production system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The air water capture device (200) is further provided with a second water outlet, the gasification hydrogen production reaction device (420) is further provided with a water vapor inlet, the second water outlet is communicated with the water vapor inlet through a water delivery pipeline, and a heat exchanger (500) is arranged on the water delivery pipeline, used for converting the water provided by the air water capture device (200) into water vapor and introducing it into the gasification hydrogen production reaction device (420); Preferably, the biomass gasification hydrogen production unit (400) further includes: a drying and dehydration device (440), used for dehydrating the crops to obtain biomass raw materials; the outlet of the drying and dehydration device (440) is communicated with the inlet of the pyrolysis device (410); Preferably, the crop planting unit (300) includes soil; the gasification hydrogen production reaction device (420) is further provided with an ash outlet, used for discharging the ash obtained from the reaction, and the ash is used for backfilling into the soil to provide fertilizer for the crops; Preferably, the biomass gasification hydrogen production system further includes a syngas storage device for storing the remaining part of the syngas for external sale as an industrial by-product.

4. The photovoltaic-driven biomass gasification hydrogen production system according to claim 3, wherein, The weight ratio of the catalyst to the biomass raw material is (0.01 - 0.1):1; Preferably, the catalyst is selected from nickel catalysts and / or basic catalysts, more preferably the nickel catalyst is selected from one or more of the group consisting of nickel / carbon, nickel / silicon carbide, nickel oxide / titanium dioxide, iron-nickel / porous graphene, nickel / calcium oxide-Ca 12 Al 14 O 33 composite supports; the basic catalyst is selected from one or more of the group consisting of calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, nickel / magnesium oxide, nickel / calcium oxide, and MgFeO 2.5 / aluminum oxide; Preferably, the gas separation device (430) is selected from a membrane separation device or an adsorption separation device.

5. The photovoltaic-driven biomass gasification hydrogen production system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The biomass gasification hydrogen production system further includes a purified water storage unit (600), which includes a water purification device (610) and a water storage device (620) connected in sequence, for purifying and storing the water discharged from the air water capture device (200) to provide irrigation water for the crop planting unit (300); the inlet of the water purification device (610) is connected to the first water outlet, and the water storage device (620) is provided with a third water outlet; Preferably, the biomass gasification hydrogen production system further includes a livestock breeding unit (700) for raising livestock with the water discharged from the first water outlet and / or the third water outlet as drinking water and the crops cultivated by the crop planting unit (300) as feed.

6. The photovoltaic-driven biomass gasification hydrogen production system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that The photovoltaic unit (100) further includes an energy storage device and a heat storage device; the energy storage device is used for storing the electric energy generated by the photovoltaic module; the heat storage device is used for storing the heat energy generated by the heat exchange device.

7. A method for producing hydrogen by biomass gasification driven by photovoltaic, wherein the method for producing hydrogen by biomass gasification uses the photovoltaic-driven biomass gasification hydrogen production system described in claim 1 for hydrogen production, and is characterized in that, The biomass gasification hydrogen production method includes: Converting solar energy into electric energy by using the photovoltaic module in the photovoltaic unit (100), and converting the electric energy into heat energy by using a heat exchange device; Capturing water from the air by using the air water capture device (200), and irrigating the crops in the crop planting unit (300) with the water provided by the air water capture device (200) as the irrigation water source; Performing a pyrolysis reaction on the crops by using a pyrolysis device (410) to obtain pyrolysis products; Making the pyrolysis products sequentially undergo an incomplete combustion reaction and a catalytic conversion reaction by using a gasification hydrogen production reaction device (420) to obtain syngas; Separating at least part of the syngas by using a gas separation device (430) to obtain the hydrogen.

8. The method for producing hydrogen by biomass gasification according to claim 7, characterized in that, The process of capturing water from the air by using the air water capture device (200) includes an adsorption process and a desorption process that are alternately carried out; Preferably, in each cycle, the temperature of the adsorption process is 10 - 30 °C and the time is 1 - 3 h; Preferably, in each cycle, the temperature of the desorption process is 50 - 100 °C and the time is 0.5 - 2 h.

9. The biomass gasification hydrogen production method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The process of biomass gasification hydrogen production further includes: dehydrating the crops by using a drying and dehydration device (440) to obtain biomass raw materials; performing the pyrolysis reaction on the biomass raw materials by using a pyrolysis device (410) to obtain the pyrolysis products; Preferably, the catalytic conversion reaction includes a methane reforming reaction and / or a water gas shift reaction; Preferably, a heat exchanger (500) is used to convert the water provided by the air water capture device (200) into water vapor and introduce it into the gasification hydrogen production reaction device (420); Preferably, after the pyrolysis product undergoes the incomplete combustion reaction and the catalytic conversion reaction in sequence, ash is also obtained, and the biomass gasification hydrogen production method further includes: backfilling the ash into the soil in the crop planting unit (300); Preferably, the remaining part of the syngas is introduced into the syngas storage device.

10. The method for producing hydrogen by biomass gasification according to claim 9, wherein, During the biomass gasification hydrogen production process, the temperature for drying and dehydration is 100-200°C, and the time is 1-3 h; Preferably, the temperature of the pyrolysis reaction is 200-500°C, and the time is 0.5-2 h; Preferably, the incomplete combustion reaction is carried out in an oxygen-containing atmosphere; more preferably, in the incomplete combustion reaction, the usage ratio of oxygen to the biomass raw material is (300-360) L:1 kg; Preferably, the temperature of the catalytic conversion reaction is 700-1000°C, the pressure is 0.1-5 MPa, and the time is 0.5-2 h.

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