A multi-stage reduction motor and lubrication system

Abstract

The application discloses a multi-stage reduction motor and a lubricating system, comprising an input shaft, an output shaft and a gear box. The gear box is composed of a driving planetary gear set and a driven planetary gear set. The multi-stage reduction motor further comprises a shell assembly, which comprises a cavity cylinder, a sealing ring is arranged inside the cavity cylinder, between the driving planetary gear set and the driven planetary gear set, and the cavity cylinder is divided into a first chamber and a second chamber. The lubricating oil entering the driving planetary gear set is divided into radial oil injection and axial oil injection, and the driving planetary gear set can be switched between one-stage driving and two-stage driving. When the driving planetary gear set is used as one-stage driving, the radial oil injection amount is increased and the axial oil injection amount is reduced; when the driving planetary gear set is used as two-stage driving, the radial oil injection amount is reduced and the axial oil injection amount is increased. The lubricating oil required by each different rotating speed component of the multi-stage reduction motor can be accurately distributed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to geared motor technology, and more particularly to a multi-stage geared motor and a lubrication system. Background Technology

[0002] A geared motor is an integrated power unit combining an electric motor and a gearbox. Its core function is to reduce the output speed of the electric motor while increasing the output torque through a speed reducer, thereby adapting to the load requirements of different equipment. The moving parts inside the geared motor, such as gears and bearings, experience intense friction at their contact surfaces under high speed or high load. A lubrication system is needed to form an oil film on the contact surfaces to reduce the coefficient of friction.

[0003] Existing technology, such as the lubrication system for a drive motor disclosed in patent CN104315324A, involves a drive motor connected to a controller; the outlet of the sealed box is connected to the return port of the oil tank via a return pipe; and a flow sensor for detecting the lubricating oil flow is installed on the output pipe. This system can monitor the lubricating oil flow rate used to drive the motor in real time.

[0004] However, different components within the geared motor (high-speed and low-speed gears) have different oil requirements, necessitating precise oil distribution to prevent localized insufficient or excessive oil supply. Therefore, improvements have been made to address this technical issue. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In summary, this invention proposes a multi-stage geared motor and a lubrication system that can accurately distribute the amount of lubricating oil required for each component of the multi-stage geared motor at different speeds.

[0006] The technical solution of this invention is implemented as follows:

[0007] A multi-stage geared motor includes an input shaft, an output shaft, and a gearbox. The input shaft drives the output shaft to rotate after the speed ratio is adjusted by the gearbox. Its distinguishing feature is that...

[0008] The gearbox consists of a driving planetary gear set and a driven planetary gear set.

[0009] The multi-stage geared motor also includes a housing assembly, which comprises a cavity. A sealing ring is disposed inside the cavity, located between the driving planetary gear set and the driven planetary gear set, and divides the cavity into a first chamber and a second chamber.

[0010] The lubricating oil supplied to the active planetary gear set is divided into radial injection and axial injection. The active planetary gear set can switch between primary drive and secondary drive. When used as primary drive, the radial injection volume is increased and the axial injection volume is decreased. When used as secondary drive, the radial injection volume is decreased and the axial injection volume is increased.

[0011] Furthermore, the driving planetary gear set includes a driving ring gear, a driving planetary cage, and driving planetary gears, and the driven planetary gear set includes a driven ring gear, a driven planetary cage, and driven planetary gears. The driving planetary gears and driven planetary gears are coaxial, and the gear ratios of the driving planetary gears and driven planetary gears are different.

[0012] Furthermore, the active planetary cage and the driven planetary cage engage with each other, wherein the driven planetary cage is provided with at least one protrusion, which enables the active planetary cage and the driven planetary cage to rotate coaxially and synchronously.

[0013] Furthermore, the input shaft consists of a sleeve shaft and an inner shaft, with the inner shaft connected inside the sleeve shaft and capable of rotating relative to it.

[0014] The sleeve shaft is fixedly connected to the driving gear ring, and one end of the inner shaft is connected to a sun gear, which meshes with the driving planetary gear.

[0015] Furthermore, the drive via the active gear ring is the primary drive, and the drive via the sun gear is the secondary drive.

[0016] Furthermore, the driving planetary gear set is located in the first chamber, and the driven planetary gear set is located in the second chamber. The first chamber and the second chamber are respectively connected to the lubrication system.

[0017] A lubrication system for a multi-stage geared motor, characterized in that it includes a torque meter, a lubricating oil pump, a pressure sensor, a flow meter, a proportional valve, and a lubricating oil tank.

[0018] The multi-stage geared motor is connected in sequence to a torque meter and a lubricating oil pump via a coupling, which is used to drive the lubricating oil pump to rotate and to collect torque and speed signals.

[0019] The torque meter is used to detect the primary or secondary drive of the multi-stage reducer. The primary drive is via the driving gear ring, and the secondary drive is via the sun gear. The lubricating oil pump is connected to the injectors on both the driving gear ring and the sun gear. If the driving gear ring is the primary power output, the radial injection quantity is increased, and the axial injection quantity is decreased; if the sun gear is the primary power output, the radial injection quantity is decreased, and the axial injection quantity is increased. The total injection quantity in a single cycle equals the radial injection quantity plus the axial injection quantity.

[0020] Radial injection quantity Q diameter Where D0 represents the outer diameter of the driving gear ring, D1 represents the inner diameter of the driving gear ring, and H represents the lubricating oil level depth.

[0021] Axial injection quantity Q axis d represents the inner diameter of the sun gear shaft, and L represents the length of the sun gear shaft. The gearbox is affected by the rotational speed and the load.

[0022] The value of k represents the correction coefficient, which ranges from 0.8 to 1.5.

[0023] Furthermore, the lubricating oil level depth H = h / 3, where h represents the gear tooth height of the driving gear ring.

[0024] Furthermore, the active planetary cage includes an arc-shaped portion and a protrusion portion. The fuel injector is configured to deflect to the left or right, and a first magnetic ring is installed at the bottom of the protrusion portion and a second magnetic ring is provided at the top of the fuel injector. The first magnetic ring and the second magnetic ring repel each other, causing the fuel injector to deflect.

[0025] Furthermore, the total injection quantity of a single fuel injector is divided into a front injection quantity w1 and a rear injection quantity w2, wherein the ratio of the front injection quantity w1 to the rear injection quantity w2 is adjusted according to the lubricating oil injection speed U0.

[0026] U1 represents the flow rate of the lubricating oil itself, and U2 represents the velocity generated by the spin of the oil injector along the tangential direction of the tooth root.

[0027] The multi-stage geared motor and lubrication system of this invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0028] The torque meter is used to detect whether the active planetary gear set is a primary or secondary drive. When it is a primary drive, the radial oil injection quantity is increased and the axial oil injection quantity is decreased. When it is a secondary drive, the radial oil injection quantity is decreased and the axial oil injection quantity is increased, thus accurately distributing the amount of lubricating oil required by the various speed components of the multi-stage geared motor.

[0029] The fuel injector is configured to deflect to the left or right, with a first magnetic ring installed at the bottom of the protrusion and a second magnetic ring at the top. The first and second magnetic rings repel each other. When the sun gear rotates to the bottom of the protrusion, the first and second magnetic rings cause the fuel injector to deflect in one direction, allowing lubricating oil to be smoothly sprayed into the gap between the protrusion and the driving planetary gear. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the multi-stage geared motor of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the multi-stage geared motor of the present invention from another angle;

[0032] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the gearbox structure of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 This is an exploded view of the gearbox of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 5 This is an exploded view of the gearbox of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 6 This is a diagram showing the distribution of lubricating oil in the gearbox of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 7 This is another lubricating oil distribution diagram of the gearbox of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 8 This is a structural block diagram of the lubrication system of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the fuel injector of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the fuel injector mounting structure from another angle according to the present invention;

[0040] The reference numerals in the attached drawings are as follows: input shaft 10, sleeve shaft 111, inner shaft 112, sun gear 113, output shaft 20, pin shaft 21, shaft disc 22, gearbox 30, driving planetary gear set 31, driving gear ring 311, driving planetary cage 312, arc-shaped portion 312A and protrusion portion 312B, driving planetary gear 313, driven planetary gear set 32, driven gear ring 321, driven planetary cage 322, protrusion 322A, driven planetary gear 323, housing assembly 40, cavity 41, first flange 42, second flange 43, first chamber 44, second chamber 45, sealing ring 46, first magnetic ring 51, and second magnetic ring 52. Detailed Implementation

[0041] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] Example 1

[0043] Reference Figures 1 to 5 As shown, this embodiment provides a multi-stage geared motor including an input shaft 10, an output shaft 20, and a gearbox 30. The input shaft 10 drives the output shaft 20 to rotate after the speed ratio is adjusted by the gearbox 30. The multi-stage geared motor also includes a housing assembly 40, which includes a cavity 41 and a first flange 42 and a second flange 43 sealed at both ends. The gearbox 30 is located inside the cavity 41, and the input shaft 10 and output shaft 20 are respectively connected to the gearbox 30 through the first flange 42 and the second flange 43.

[0044] Reference Figures 3 to 5 As shown, the gearbox 30 consists of a driving planetary gear set 31 and a driven planetary gear set 32. The driving planetary gear set 31 includes a driving ring gear 311, a driving planetary cage 312, and a driving planetary gear 313. The driven planetary gear set 32 ​​includes a driven ring gear 321, a driven planetary cage 322, and a driven planetary gear 323. The driving planetary gear 313 and the driven planetary gear 323 share a single shaft, and their gear ratios are different. The driving ring gear 311 is connected to the input shaft 10, and the driven ring gear 321 is fixedly installed inside the cavity 41.

[0045] Refer again Figure 2 As shown, a sealing ring 46 is provided inside the cavity 41, located between the driving planetary gear set 31 and the driven planetary gear set 32, dividing the cavity 41 into a first chamber 44 and a second chamber 45. The driving planetary gear set 31 is located in the first chamber 44, and the driven planetary gear set 32 ​​is located in the second chamber 45. The first chamber 44 and the second chamber 45 are respectively connected to a lubrication system to lubricate the driving planetary gear set 31 and the driven planetary gear set 32.

[0046] Reference Figure 5 As shown, the active planetary cage 312 and the driven planetary cage 322 engage with each other. The driven planetary cage 322 is provided with at least one protrusion 322A, which enables the active planetary cage 312 and the driven planetary cage 322 to rotate coaxially and synchronously.

[0047] Reference Figure 4 As shown, the input shaft 10 consists of a sleeve shaft 111 and an inner shaft 112. The inner shaft 112 is internally connected to the sleeve shaft 111 and can rotate relative to it. The sleeve shaft 111 is fixedly connected to the driving gear ring 311, and one end of the inner shaft 112 is connected to a sun gear 113. The sun gear 113 meshes with the driving planetary gear 313. The output shaft 20 consists of a pin 21 and a shaft disc 22. One end of the pin 21 is connected to a sun gear (not shown in the figure) that meshes with the driven planetary gear 323.

[0048] In this embodiment, the input shaft 10 drives the driving gear ring 311 to rotate via the sleeve shaft 111, and the driving gear ring 311 drives the driving planetary gear 313 to rotate. At this time, the driving planetary cage 312 is locked, and the driving planetary gear 313 and the driven planetary gear 323 share a rotating shaft. The rotation of the driving planetary gear 313 drives the driven planetary gear 323 to rotate accordingly, and the driven planetary gear 323 drives the pin shaft 21 to rotate, thus outputting power.

[0049] Alternatively, the input shaft 10 drives the sun gear 113 to rotate via the inner shaft 112. The sun gear 113 then drives the driving planetary gear 313 to rotate, while the driving planetary cage 312 remains locked. The rotation of the driving planetary gear 313 drives the driven planetary gear 323 to rotate, which in turn drives the pin 21 to rotate, thus outputting power. Preferably, one or more gearboxes 30 can be connected in series to achieve multi-stage speed reduction.

[0050] In this embodiment, the multi-stage reduction motor transmits power through a gear set, and the gear teeth will generate sliding friction and rolling friction during high-speed meshing. (Refer to again...) Figure 2 As shown, the first chamber 44 and the second chamber 45 are respectively connected to the lubrication system, forming an oil film on the tooth surface to avoid direct metal-to-metal contact, significantly reducing the coefficient of friction and reducing wear.

[0051] Since the active planetary gear set 31 needs to switch between the rotation of the active ring gear 311 and the rotation of the sun gear 113, the required oil supply is different for the active ring gear 311 and the sun gear 113. Therefore, it is necessary to precisely control the amount of lubrication.

[0052] As an embodiment, further referring to Figures 6 to 7 As shown, oil injectors are installed on either the driving gear ring 311 or the sun gear 113. The lubricating oil injected by the injectors on the driving gear ring 311 is radial, while the lubricating oil injected by the injectors on the sun gear 113 is axial. If the driving gear ring 311 is the main power output, the radial oil injection quantity is increased, and the axial oil injection quantity is decreased; if the sun gear 113 is the main power output, the radial oil injection quantity is decreased, and the axial oil injection quantity is increased.

[0053] Example 2

[0054] Based on the above embodiments, referring to Figure 8 As shown,

[0055] This embodiment further proposes a lubrication system for a multi-stage geared motor, including a torque meter, a lubricating oil pump, a pressure sensor, a flow meter, a proportional valve, and a lubricating oil tank. The multi-stage geared motor is connected to the torque meter and the lubricating oil pump in sequence via a coupling to drive the lubricating oil pump and collect torque and speed signals. The lubricating oil pump pumps lubricating oil from the lubricating oil tank to the multi-stage geared motor through an oil inlet located below it. A pressure relief valve is used to ensure that the pressure in the lubricating oil tank does not exceed the maximum pressure safety threshold. The lubricating oil returning from the multi-stage geared motor then passes through the pressure sensor, flow meter, and proportional valve in sequence before finally returning to the lubricating oil tank. A heater is installed at the bottom of the lubricating oil tank to heat the lubricating oil, and an external temperature sensor is connected to monitor the temperature inside the lubricating oil tank in real time.

[0056] Furthermore, the torque meter, pressure sensor, flow meter, proportional valve, temperature sensor, and pressure relief valve all collect data through the control cabinet.

[0057] In this embodiment, the lubricating oil pump is connected to the injectors on both the drive gear ring 311 and the sun gear 113. A torque meter is used to detect whether the multi-stage reducer is driven by the drive gear ring 311 or the sun gear 113. If the drive gear ring 311 is the primary power output, the radial oil injection quantity is increased, and the axial oil injection quantity is decreased; if the sun gear 113 is the primary power output, the radial oil injection quantity is decreased, and the axial oil injection quantity is increased. The total oil injection quantity in a single cycle = radial oil injection quantity + axial oil injection quantity.

[0058] In this embodiment, the radial injection quantity and the axial injection quantity are further calculated.

[0059] Radial injection quantity Q diameter Where D0 represents the outer diameter of the driving gear ring 311, D1 represents the inner diameter of the driving gear ring 311, H represents the lubricating oil level depth, and k represents the correction coefficient.

[0060] Preferably, the multi-stage geared motor also needs to determine how the lubricating oil level affects the lubrication effect in order to avoid problems caused by insufficient or excessive lubrication. For example, if the oil level is too high, too much of the gear is immersed in the oil, increasing resistance during rotation, leading to energy loss, temperature rise, and thus affecting the performance of the lubricating oil. Conversely, if the oil level is too low, the gears cannot be adequately lubricated, especially under high speed or heavy load conditions, and an oil film cannot be formed, resulting in direct metal-to-metal contact and increased wear. Therefore, the lubricating oil level depth H = h / 3, where h represents the gear tooth height of the driving gear ring 311.

[0061] Axial injection quantity Q axis d represents the inner diameter of the sun gear shaft, and L represents the length of the sun gear shaft. The gearbox is affected by the rotational speed and load, and k is taken as 0.8~1.5.

[0062] Furthermore, the rotational speed of the sun gear 113 is always higher than that of the active planetary cage 312 and the active planetary gear 313. As the sun gear rotates continuously, the relative position of the fuel injector and the active planetary cage 312 will also change accordingly.

[0063] In this embodiment, refer to Figures 9 to 10 As shown, the active planetary cage 312 includes an arcuate portion 312A and a protrusion portion 312B. The arcuate portion 312A is used to accommodate the active planetary gear 313, and there is a gap between the arcuate portion 312A and the active planetary gear 313. If the oil injector on the sun gear 113 is spraying oil, and the oil injector is aligned with the protrusion portion 312B, then the lubricating oil cannot be injected into the gap between the arcuate portion 312A and the active planetary gear 313. Therefore, the oil injector is configured to deflect to the left or right (e.g., Figure 10 As shown in the diagram, a first magnetic ring 51 is installed at the bottom of the protrusion 312B, and a second magnetic ring 52 is provided at the top of the fuel injector. The first magnetic ring 51 and the second magnetic ring 52 repel each other. When the sun gear 113 rotates to the bottom of the protrusion 312B, under the action of the first magnetic ring 51 and the second magnetic ring 52, the fuel injector is driven to deflect in one direction, so that the lubricating oil can be smoothly sprayed into the gap between the protrusion 312B and the driving planetary gear 313.

[0064] Preferably, due to the high rotational speed of the sun gear 113, it is difficult to respond in a timely manner relying solely on the action of the first magnetic ring 51 and the second magnetic ring 52. The total injection quantity of a single injector is divided into a front injection quantity w1 and a rear injection quantity w2. The ratio of the front injection quantity w1 to the rear injection quantity w2 is adjusted according to the lubricating oil injection speed U0.

[0065] U1 represents the flow rate of the lubricating oil itself, and U2 represents the velocity generated by the spin of the oil injector along the tangential direction of the tooth root.

[0066] Preferably, n fuel injectors are provided on the sun gear 113. When the sun gear has only one fuel injector, n=1; when the sun gear has two fuel injectors and the included angle between the axes of the two fuel injectors is close to 180°, n=2; when the sun gear has three fuel injectors and the included angle is close to 120°, n=3; when the sun gear has four fuel injectors and the included angle is close to 90°, n=4, and so on.

[0067] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A multi-stage reduction motor, comprising an input shaft, an output shaft and a gear box, the input shaft drives the output shaft after the speed ratio is adjusted by the gear box, characterized in that, the gear box is composed of a driving planetary gear set and a driven planetary gear set, the multi-stage reduction motor further comprises a housing assembly, the housing assembly comprises a cavity cylinder, a sealing ring is arranged inside the cavity cylinder, between the driving planetary gear set and the driven planetary gear set, and the cavity cylinder is divided into a first chamber and a second chamber, the lubricating oil entering the driving planetary gear set is divided into radial oil injection and axial oil injection, the driving planetary gear set can be switched between one-stage driving and two-stage driving, wherein, when one-stage driving, the radial oil injection amount is increased and the axial oil injection amount is reduced; when two-stage driving, the radial oil injection amount is reduced and the axial oil injection amount is increased, the driving planetary gear set comprises a driving ring gear, a driving planetary cage and a driving planetary gear, the driven planetary gear set comprises a driven ring gear, a driven planetary cage and a driven planetary gear, the driving planetary gear is coaxial with the driven planetary gear, and the number of teeth of the driving planetary gear and the driven planetary gear is different, the input shaft is composed of a sleeve shaft and an inner shaft, wherein the sleeve shaft is fixedly connected with the driving ring gear, and one end of the inner shaft is connected with a sun gear, the sun gear is engaged with the driving planetary gear, the driving ring gear is driven for one-stage driving, and the sun gear is driven for two-stage driving.

2. The multi-stage reduction motor of claim 1, wherein, the driving planetary cage and the driven planetary cage are engaged with each other, wherein at least one protrusion is arranged on the driven planetary cage, the protrusion drives the driving planetary cage and the driven planetary cage to rotate synchronously.

3. The multi-stage reduction motor of claim 1, wherein, the inner shaft is inside the sleeve shaft and can rotate relative to the inner shaft.

4. The multi-stage reduction motor of claim 1, wherein, the driving planetary gear set is located in the first chamber, the driven planetary gear set is located in the second chamber, and the first chamber and the second chamber are respectively connected with a lubricating system.

5. A lubrication system for the multi-stage reduction motor of claim 1, characterized by, a torque instrument, a lubricating oil pump, a pressure sensor, a flow meter, a proportional valve and a lubricating oil tank are included, the multi-stage reduction motor is connected with the torque instrument and the lubricating oil pump in sequence through a shaft coupling, for driving the lubricating oil pump to rotate and collecting torque and speed signals, the torque instrument is used for detecting one-stage driving or two-stage driving of the multi-stage reduction motor, the driving ring gear is driven for one-stage driving, and the sun gear is driven for two-stage driving, the lubricating oil pump is connected with oil injection nozzles on the driving ring gear and the sun gear, if the driving ring gear is used as the main power output, the radial oil injection amount is increased and the axial oil injection amount is reduced; if the sun gear is used as the main power output, the radial oil injection amount is reduced and the axial oil injection amount is increased, wherein the total oil injection amount = radial oil injection amount + axial oil injection amount, Radial injection quantity wherein D0 denotes the outer diameter of the drive ring gear, D1 denotes the inner diameter of the drive ring gear, and H denotes the lubricating oil depth d represents the inside diameter of the sun gear, and L represents the length of the sun gear shaft, wherein the gear box is affected by the rotational speed and the load, k represents a correction coefficient, k is 0.8-1.

5.

6. The lubrication system of claim 5, wherein, the lubricating oil depth H = h / 3, wherein h represents the gear tooth height of the driving ring gear.

7. The lubrication system of claim 5, wherein, the driving planetary cage comprises an arc-shaped portion and a protrusion portion, the oil injection nozzle is arranged to be deflected to the left or right side, a first magnetic ring is arranged at the bottom of the protrusion portion, a second magnetic ring is arranged at the top of the oil injection nozzle, the first magnetic ring and the second magnetic ring repel each other, and drive the oil injection nozzle to deflect.

8. The lubrication system of claim 5, wherein, The total injection amount of the single injection nozzle is divided into a front injection amount w1 and a rear injection amount w2 wherein the ratio of the front injection amount w1 and the rear injection amount w2 is adjusted according to the injection speed U0 of the lubricating oil, U1 represents the flow rate of the lubricating oil itself, and U2 represents the velocity in the direction of the tooth root tangent generated by the oil jet.

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