Device and method for testing interaction force between supporting shoe of heading machine and rock

Abstract

The invention discloses a device and a method for testing interaction force between a supporting shoe of a heading machine and rock, the device comprises a supporting shoe loading platform, a rock driving platform and a rock mounting box, the rock mounting box is mounted on the rock driving platform, the supporting shoe loading platform is provided with the supporting shoe, and the rock driving platform is provided with the rock mounting box. The supporting shoe is arranged right opposite to the rock block mounting box, during testing, the supporting shoe loading platform is used for pushing the supporting shoe and extruding the rock block model to conduct vertical bearing capacity testing, data are recorded, and then friction coefficient testing is conducted through mutual cooperation of the supporting shoe loading platform and the rock block driving platform. According to the device, the gripper shoe loading platform is arranged, the vertical oil cylinder is used for driving the gripper shoe to apply pressure to the rock block model, the bearing capacity of the rock block is tested, the rock block driving platform is arranged, the horizontal oil cylinder is used for driving the rock block model to slide relative to the gripper shoe, and the friction coefficient can be calculated. And the change rule of the friction coefficient is obtained through multiple tests.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of shaft boring machine construction. Specifically, it is a test device and method for the interaction force between the support shoes of a boring machine and rocks. Background Art

[0002] The exploration of deep formations, the utilization of underground space, and the development of resources are the key directions of underground engineering scientific research in China. The mechanical rock breaking drilling technology and equipment for roadways and shafts are the core supports for underground engineering development. With the continuous deepening of resource development in China, roadway construction has gradually shifted to deep and western regions, making the formation conditions faced by roadway construction increasingly complex. The rock formations in the western region have the following characteristics: low strength, poor cementation degree, easy weathering, softening, swelling or disintegration when encountering water, etc. Construction in these areas is not only difficult but also risky. During the construction process, problems such as unstable support of support shoes, slippage of support shoes, and insufficient bearing capacity of surrounding rocks are often encountered. These problems not only seriously restrict the construction efficiency but also may trigger major construction accidents such as the jamming of boring machines, directly affecting the progress and safety of the project. Currently, there is a lack of special experimental equipment for these problems. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a test device and method for the interaction force between the support shoes of a boring machine and rocks that simulate the working states of support shoes with different structures and parameters in a rock formation in a laboratory environment.

[0004] To solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A test device for the interaction force between the support shoes of a boring machine and rocks, including a support shoe loading platform, a rock block driving platform, and a rock block installation box. The rock block installation box is installed on the rock block driving platform, a support shoe is installed on the support shoe loading platform, the support shoe is arranged facing the rock block installation box, and the movement direction of the support shoe loading platform is perpendicular to the movement direction of the rock block driving platform; the support shoe moves towards the rock block installation box under the push of the support shoe loading platform until the support shoe contacts the rock block model in the rock block installation box.

[0005] For the above test device for the interaction force between the support shoes of a boring machine and rocks, the support shoe loading platform is fixedly installed in a support frame. The support shoe loading platform includes vertical guide rails, a first test platform plate, and a vertical oil cylinder. The vertical guide rails are fixedly installed on both sides of the support frame. The two sides of the first test platform plate are respectively slidably connected to the vertical guide rails. One end of the vertical oil cylinder is fixedly connected to the top of the first test platform plate, and the other end of the vertical oil cylinder is fixedly connected to the top of the support frame. The vertical oil cylinder and the vertical guide rails are arranged in parallel.

[0006] The above-mentioned test device for the interaction force between the support shoes of a roadheader and rocks. The rock block driving platform includes a base, a second test platform plate, a horizontal oil cylinder, and horizontal guide rails. The base is arranged directly below the support shoes. The horizontal guide rails are fixedly installed on both sides of the surface of the base. The second test platform plate is slidably fitted on the horizontal guide rails. The cylinder barrel of the horizontal oil cylinder is fixedly connected to the base, and the end of the piston rod of the horizontal oil cylinder is fixedly connected to the second test platform plate. The rock block installation box is installed on the second test platform plate.

[0007] The above-mentioned test device for the interaction force between the support shoes of a roadheader and rocks. The rock block installation box is slidably installed on the second test platform plate, and the sliding direction of the rock block installation box on the second test platform plate is perpendicular to the movement direction of the horizontal oil cylinder.

[0008] The above-mentioned test device for the interaction force between the support shoes of a roadheader and rocks. A limit installation groove is formed on the surface of the second test platform plate. The two ends of the limit installation groove extend along the width direction of the second test platform plate and penetrate out from both sides of the second test platform plate. The rock block installation box is installed in the limit installation groove.

[0009] The above-mentioned test device for the interaction force between the support shoes of a roadheader and rocks. A T-shaped card slot is formed on the bottom wall of the limit installation groove along the extension direction of the installation groove. A T-shaped card block is arranged on the bottom wall of the rock block installation box, and the T-shaped card block is fitted in the T-shaped card slot.

[0010] The above-mentioned test device for the interaction force between the support shoes of a roadheader and rocks. A slider is fixedly installed on the bottom of the second test platform plate. The slider is slidably fitted on the horizontal guide rails. A stop block is fixedly connected to one end of the bottom of the second test platform plate. The end of the piston rod of the horizontal oil cylinder is fixedly connected to the stop block.

[0011] The above-mentioned test device for the interaction force between the support shoes of a roadheader and rocks. The rock block installation box includes a fixed plate, a vertical plate, and a baffle plate. The fixed plate is installed on the surface of the rock block driving platform. Two vertical plates are installed in parallel on both sides of the surface of the fixed plate. Two baffle plates are arranged between the two vertical plates. A plurality of mutually parallel vertical grooves are formed on the opposite surfaces of the two vertical plates along the height direction. The end of the baffle plate is inserted into the vertical groove to be connected to the vertical plate. The baffle plate and the vertical plate enclose a rock block installation area, and a rock block model is installed in the rock block installation area.

[0012] The above-mentioned test device for the interaction force between the roadheader support shoe and the rock. A groove is provided on one side surface of the baffle adjacent to the support shoe. An arc groove adapted to the surface of the support shoe is provided on the surface of the rock block model. The depth of the arc groove is less than the depth of the groove, and the length of the groove is greater than the length of the support surface of the support shoe. By providing an arc groove adapted to the shape of the support shoe on the surface of the rock block model, the fitting effect with the support shoe is ensured. By providing the baffle, the function of supporting and fixing the rock block model can be achieved. A groove larger than the arc groove is provided on the baffle, and the groove is set as a circular arc groove with a radian larger than that of the arc groove. When testing the friction coefficient, it is not affected by the baffle.

[0013] A test method for the interaction force between the roadheader support shoe and the rock. The above test device is used for testing, and it includes the following steps:

[0014] Step A: Vertical bearing capacity test: Select a rock block model according to the test target, place the rock block model in the rock block installation box, and ensure that the contact surface between the rock block model and the support shoe is flat;

[0015] Step B: Fix the support shoe on the support shoe loading platform, and adjust the support shoe loading platform to make the support shoe in close contact with the rock block model;

[0016] Step C: By controlling the support shoe loading platform, the support shoe applies a vertical positive pressure to the rock block model at a constant rate until the rock block model fails, and record the maximum bearing capacity of the rock block model and the deformation and failure mode of the rock during the loading process;

[0017] Step D: Replace the support shoe with different surface types or sizes on the support shoe loading platform, and replace the rock block model in the rock block installation box, and conduct repeated experiments to obtain data under different conditions;

[0018] Step E: Friction coefficient test: Install the rock block model and the support shoe according to the test requirements, control the support shoe loading platform to push the support shoe, so that the support shoe applies a certain vertical pre-pressure on the surface of the rock block model;

[0019] Step F: Start the rock block driving platform, apply a horizontal driving force at a certain rate, record the force value at the start of slippage, and calculate the friction coefficient: slippage force / vertical pressure;

[0020] Step E: Change the surface type of the support shoe, the horizontal loading rate, and the environmental conditions, and record and analyze the change law of the friction coefficient.

[0021] The technical solution of the present invention has achieved the following beneficial technical effects:

[0022] 1. By providing a support shoe loading platform and using a vertical oil cylinder, the support shoe can be driven to apply pressure to the rock block model, and the bearing capacity of the rock block can be tested.

[0023] 2. By setting up a rock block driving platform, the horizontal oil cylinder can be used to drive the rock block model to slide relative to the support shoe, so that the friction coefficient can be calculated, and the variation law of the friction coefficient can be obtained through multiple tests.

[0024] 3. By setting up the second test platform plate in cooperation with the fixed plate and adopting the connection method of mutual cooperation between the T-shaped card slot and the T-shaped card block, it is convenient for the quick and accurate disassembly and assembly of the rock block installation box. Affected by the surface shape of the support shoe or the structure of the rock itself, in actual construction, the support shoe may deflect horizontally relative to the shaft wall. By adopting a rock block installation box that can move laterally, when the rock block model moves, the rock block model can slide to both sides, achieving a more realistic and effective simulation effect.

[0025] 4. By setting up a rock block installation box, the rock block can be quickly replaced, and the size of the rock block installation box can be quickly adjusted according to the size of different rock blocks. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0026] Figure 1 Schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of the test device of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 Schematic front view structure diagram of the test device of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 Schematic side view structure diagram of the test device of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 Schematic top view structure diagram of the test device of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 Schematic structure diagram of the second test platform plate in the test device of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 Schematic structure diagram of the rock block installation box in the test device of the present invention.

[0032] The reference numerals in the drawings are represented as: 100 - support shoe loading platform; 200 - rock block driving platform; 1 - support frame; 2 - vertical guide rail; 3 - first test platform plate; 4 - vertical oil cylinder; 5 - support shoe; 6 - base; 7 - second test platform plate; 71 - limit installation groove; 72 - T-shaped card slot; 73 - stop block; 74 - slider; 8 - horizontal oil cylinder; 9 - horizontal guide rail; 10 - rock block installation box; 101 - fixed plate; 102 - vertical plate; 103 - T-shaped card block; 104 - vertical groove; 105 - baffle; 106 - groove. Detailed Embodiment

[0033] Embodiment 1

[0034] In the test device for the interaction force between the roadheader support shoe and the rock in this embodiment, as Figure 1-2As shown in the figure, it includes a support shoe loading platform 100, a rock block driving platform 200, and a rock block installation box 10. The rock block installation box 10 is installed on the rock block driving platform 200. A support shoe 5 is installed on the support shoe loading platform 100. The support shoe 5 is arranged facing the rock block installation box 10. The moving direction of the support shoe loading platform 100 is perpendicular to the moving direction of the rock block driving platform 200. The support shoe 5 moves towards the rock block installation box 10 under the push of the support shoe loading platform 100 until the support shoe 5 contacts the rock block model in the rock block installation box 10.

[0035] As Figure 2 shown in the figure, the support shoe loading platform 100 is fixedly installed in the support frame 1. The support shoe loading platform 100 includes a vertical guide rail 2, a first test platform plate 3, and a vertical oil cylinder 4. The vertical guide rails 2 are fixedly installed on both sides of the support frame 1. The two sides of the first test platform plate 3 are respectively slidably connected to the vertical guide rails 2. One end of the vertical oil cylinder 4 is fixedly connected to the top of the first test platform plate 3. The other end of the vertical oil cylinder 4 is fixedly connected to the top of the support frame 1. The vertical oil cylinder 4 and the vertical guide rail 2 are arranged in parallel. During the vertical bearing capacity test, as Figure 1 shown in the figure, control the vertical oil cylinder 4 to extend, push the first test platform plate 3 to move along the vertical guide rail 2, and simultaneously push the support shoe 5 to approach the rock block model until it contacts and squeezes the rock block model for testing.

[0036] As Figure 2-3 shown in the figure, the rock block driving platform 200 includes a base 6, a second test platform plate 7, a horizontal oil cylinder 8, and a horizontal guide rail 9. The base 6 is arranged directly below the support shoe 5. The horizontal guide rails 9 are fixedly installed on both sides of the surface of the base 6. The second test platform plate 7 is slidably fitted on the horizontal guide rail 9. The cylinder barrel of the horizontal oil cylinder 8 is fixedly connected to the base 6. The end of the piston rod of the horizontal oil cylinder 8 is fixedly connected to the second test platform plate 7. The rock block installation box 10 is installed on the second test platform plate 7. During the friction coefficient test, after the support shoe 5 presses the rock block model, control the horizontal oil cylinder 8 to extend and retract, push the second test platform plate 7 to drive the rock block installation box 10 to move, so that the rock block model moves relative to the support shoe 5 for testing.

[0037] As Figure 3 and Figure 5 shown in the figure, the rock block installation box 10 is slidably installed on the second test platform plate 7. The sliding direction of the rock block installation box 10 on the second test platform plate 7 is perpendicular to the moving direction of the horizontal oil cylinder 8.

[0038] As Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, a limiting installation groove 71 is formed on the surface of the second test platform plate 7. The two ends of the limiting installation groove 71 extend along the width direction of the second test platform plate 7 and penetrate out from both sides of the second test platform plate 7. The rock block installation box 10 is installed in the limiting installation groove 71. A T-shaped clamping groove 72 is formed on the bottom wall of the limiting installation groove 71 along the extending direction of the installation groove 71. A T-shaped clamping block 103 is arranged on the bottom wall of the rock block installation box 10, and the T-shaped clamping block 103 is fitted in the T-shaped clamping groove 72. A sliding block 74 is fixedly installed on the bottom of the second test platform plate 7, and the sliding block 74 is slidably fitted on the horizontal guide rail 9. A stop block 73 is fixedly connected to one end of the bottom of the second test platform plate 7, and the piston rod end of the horizontal oil cylinder 8 is fixedly connected to the stop block 73.

[0039] As Figure 6 shown, the rock block installation box 10 includes a fixed plate 101, a vertical plate 102 and a baffle plate 105. The fixed plate 101 is installed on the surface of the rock block driving platform 200. Two vertical plates 102 are parallelly installed on both sides of the surface of the fixed plate 101. Two baffle plates 105 are arranged between the two vertical plates 102. A plurality of parallel vertical grooves 104 are formed on the opposite surfaces of the two vertical plates 102 along the height direction. The end of the baffle plate 105 is inserted into the vertical groove 104 to be connected with the vertical plate 102. The baffle plate 105 and the vertical plate 102 enclose a rock block installation area, and a rock block model is installed in the rock block installation area.

[0040] As Figure 6 shown, a groove 106 is formed on the side plate surface of the baffle plate 105 adjacent to the support shoe 5. An arc groove adapted to the surface of the support shoe 5 is formed on the surface of the rock block model. The depth of the arc groove is less than the depth of the groove 106, and the length of the groove 106 is greater than the length of the support surface of the support shoe 5. When adjusting the size of the rock block installation box 10, the baffle plate 105 is pulled out upwards and then inserted into the required groove 106 to change the interval between the two baffle plates 105 to achieve the purpose of adjustment.

[0041] Embodiment 2

[0042] The test method for the interaction force between the roadheader support shoe and the rock in this embodiment is tested by using the test device in Embodiment 1, including the following tests:

[0043] Test 1: Vertical bearing capacity test:

[0044] Step A: Select a rock block model according to the test target, place the rock block model in the rock block installation box 10, and ensure that the contact surface between the rock block model and the support shoe 5 is flat;

[0045] Step B: Fix the support shoe 5 on the support shoe loading platform 100, adjust the support shoe loading platform 100 to make the support shoe 5 in close contact with the rock block model. The support shoe 5 is prepared by scaling down according to the actual size and shape of the support shoe, and support shoe models with different surface sizes, shapes and stress conditions are designed. A sleeve adapted to the support shoe 5 is designed on the first test platform plate 3 of the support shoe loading platform 100 to facilitate the installation of the support shoe 5 on the first test platform plate 3;

[0046] Step C: By controlling the support shoe loading platform 100, the support shoe 5 applies a vertical positive pressure to the rock block model at a constant rate, such as 1 mm / min, until the rock block model fails. Record the maximum bearing capacity of the rock block model and the deformation and failure modes of the rock during the loading process. Sensors and control devices are provided on both the vertical oil cylinder 4 and the horizontal oil cylinder 8, which can achieve loading with different pressures and different loading rates. During the loading process of the vertical oil cylinder 4, use an image acquisition system to monitor the generation and expansion of cracks in the rock block model;

[0047] Step D: Replace the support shoe 5 with different surface types or sizes on the support shoe loading platform 100, and replace the rock block model in the rock block installation box 10 for repeated tests to obtain data under different conditions;

[0048] Test 2: Coefficient of friction test:

[0049] Step A: Install the rock block model and the support shoe 5 according to the test requirements, and control the horizontal oil cylinder 8 of the support shoe loading platform 100 to push the support shoe 5 to apply a certain vertical pre-pressure on the surface of the rock block model, such as 10 kN, 20 kN or 30 kN, etc.;

[0050] Step B: Start the rock block driving platform 200, apply a horizontal driving force at a certain rate, record the force value at the start of sliding, and calculate the coefficient of friction: sliding force / vertical pressure;

[0051] Step C: Change the surface type of the support shoe 5, the horizontal loading rate and the environmental conditions, and record and analyze the change law of the coefficient of friction.

[0052] According to the obtained test data, compare the bearing capacity performances of rocks with different strengths, analyze the influence of different support shoe structure parameters and loading rates on the coefficient of friction, and put forward suggestions for the optimization of support shoe design and operation in actual construction.

[0053] Obviously, the above embodiments are only examples clearly described and not limitations on the implementation manners. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other different forms of changes or variations can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the implementation manners here. And the obvious changes or variations derived therefrom are still within the protection scope of the claims of this patent application.

Claims

1. Test device for the interaction force between the support shoes of a roadheader and rock, characterized in that It includes a support boot loading platform (100), a rock block driving platform (200) and a rock block installation box (10). The rock block installation box (10) is installed on the rock block driving platform (200). A support boot (5) is installed on the support boot loading platform (100). The support boot (5) is arranged facing the rock block installation box (10). The moving direction of the support boot loading platform (100) is perpendicular to the moving direction of the rock block driving platform (200). The support boot (5) moves towards the rock block installation box (10) under the push of the support boot loading platform (100) until the support boot (5) contacts the rock block model in the rock block installation box (10).

2. The test device for the interaction force between the support shoes of a roadheader and rocks according to claim 1, characterized in that The support boot loading platform (100) is fixedly installed in the support frame (1). The support boot loading platform (100) includes a vertical guide rail (2), a first test platform plate (3) and a vertical oil cylinder (4). The vertical guide rails (2) are fixedly installed on both sides of the support frame (1). Both sides of the first test platform plate (3) are slidably connected to the vertical guide rails (2). One end of the vertical oil cylinder (4) is fixedly connected to the top of the first test platform plate (3). The other end of the vertical oil cylinder (4) is fixedly connected to the top of the support frame (1). The vertical oil cylinder (4) and the vertical guide rail (2) are arranged in parallel.

3. The testing device for the interaction force between the support shoes of the roadheader and the rock according to claim 1, wherein The rock block driving platform (200) includes a base (6), a second test platform plate (7), a horizontal oil cylinder (8) and a horizontal guide rail (9). The base (6) is arranged directly below the support boot (5). The horizontal guide rails (9) are fixedly installed on both sides of the surface of the base (6). The second test platform plate (7) is slidably fitted on the horizontal guide rails (9). The cylinder barrel of the horizontal oil cylinder (8) is fixedly connected to the base (6). The piston rod end of the horizontal oil cylinder (8) is fixedly connected to the second test platform plate (7). The rock block installation box (10) is installed on the second test platform plate (7).

4. The test device for the interaction force between the support shoes of a roadheader and the rock according to claim 3, characterized in that, The rock block installation box (10) is slidably installed on the second test platform plate (7). The sliding direction of the rock block installation box (10) on the second test platform plate (7) is perpendicular to the moving direction of the horizontal oil cylinder (8).

5. The testing device for the interaction force between the support shoes of a roadheader and a rock according to claim 4, characterized in that, A limit installation groove (71) is formed on the surface of the second test platform plate (7). Both ends of the limit installation groove (71) extend along the width direction of the second test platform plate (7) and penetrate out from both sides of the second test platform plate (7). The rock block installation box (10) is installed in the limit installation groove (71).

6. The test device for the interaction force between the support shoes of a roadheader and rock according to claim 5, wherein, A T-shaped card slot (72) is formed on the bottom wall of the limit installation groove (71) along the extension direction of the installation groove (71). A T-shaped card block (103) is arranged on the bottom wall of the rock block installation box (10). The T-shaped card block (103) is fitted in the T-shaped card slot (72).

7. The testing device for the interaction force between the support shoes of the roadheader and the rock according to claim 6, characterized in that, A slider (74) is fixedly installed on the bottom of the second test platform plate (7), and the slider (74) is slidably engaged with the horizontal guide rail (9); a stop block (73) is fixedly connected to one end of the bottom of the second test platform plate (7), and the piston rod end of the horizontal oil cylinder (8) is fixedly connected to the stop block (73).

8. The test device for the interaction force between the support shoes of the roadheader and the rock according to claim 1, wherein The rock block installation box (10) includes a fixing plate (101), a vertical plate (102) and a baffle plate (105). The fixing plate (101) is installed on the surface of the rock block driving platform (200). Two vertical plates (102) are parallelly installed on both sides of the surface of the fixing plate (101). Two baffle plates (105) are arranged between the two vertical plates (102); a plurality of mutually parallel vertical grooves (104) are formed in the opposite surfaces of the two vertical plates (102) along the height direction. The end of the baffle plate (105) is inserted into the vertical groove (104) to be connected with the vertical plate (102). The baffle plate (105) and the vertical plate (102) enclose a rock block installation area, and a rock block model is installed in the rock block installation area.

9. The test device for the interaction force between the support shoes of a roadheader and rocks according to claim 8, characterized in that, A groove (106) is formed in one side plate surface of the baffle plate (105) adjacent to the support shoe (5). An arc groove adapted to the surface of the support shoe (5) is formed on the surface of the rock block model. The depth of the arc groove is less than the depth of the groove (106), and the length of the groove (106) is greater than the length of the support surface of the support shoe (5).

10. The test method for the interaction force between the support shoes of a roadheader and the rock is characterized in that Testing is performed using the testing device according to any one of claims 1-9, including the following steps: Step A: Vertical bearing capacity test: Select a rock block model according to the test objective, place the rock block model in the rock block installation box (10), and ensure that the contact surface between the rock block model and the support shoe (5) is flat; Step B: Fix the support shoe (5) on the support shoe loading platform (100), and adjust the support shoe loading platform (100) to make the support shoe (5) in close contact with the rock block model; Step C: By controlling the support shoe loading platform (100), the support shoe (5) applies a vertical positive pressure to the rock block model at a constant rate until the rock block model is damaged, and record the maximum bearing capacity of the rock block model and the deformation and failure mode of the rock during the loading process; Step D: Replace the support shoe (5) with a different surface type or size on the support shoe loading platform (100), replace the rock block model in the rock block installation box (10), and conduct repeated experiments to obtain data under different conditions; Step E: Friction coefficient test: Install the rock block model and the support shoe (5) according to the test requirements, control the support shoe loading platform (100) to push the support shoe (5), and make the support shoe (5) apply a certain vertical pre-pressure on the surface of the rock block model; Step F: Start the rock block driving platform (200), apply a horizontal driving force at a certain rate, record the force value at the start of sliding, and calculate the friction coefficient: sliding force / vertical pressure; Step E: Change the surface type of the support shoe (5), the horizontal loading rate and the environmental conditions, and record and analyze the change law of the friction coefficient.

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