1144 results about "Interaction forces" patented technology

The invention provides a graphene-ionic liquid composite material and a preparation method thereof. The composite material comprises the following compositions in percentage by mass: 0.01-99.99% of graphene and 0.01-99.99% of ionic liquid, wherein the ionic liquid has a polar electron cloud structure, the graphene is in a graphene sheet structure, and the ionic liquid is doped in the graphene sheets through the polar electron cloud structure of the ionic liquid so a to form a graphene-ionic liquid composite structure. Because the polar electron cloud structure of the ionic liquid can damage the interaction force between the graphene sheets and reduce the gathering of the graphene, the obtained composite material has a high specific surface area and a large specific capacity, and can be suitable to be used as the electrode materials of batteries or capacitors, and the like.

In one aspect, the invention provides a method for modeling the wear of a fixed cutter bit drilling earth formations. A method for determining wear of a fixed cutter drill bit includes simulating the fixed cutter drill bit drilling an earth formation; determining a cutter-formation interaction force and a relative sliding velocity of a selected area on a cutting surface on a cutter of the fixed cutter drill bit during the drilling; and calculating a wear rate of the selected area based on the cutter-formation interaction force and the relative sliding velocity.

The invention provides a method for preparing graphene through a large-scale aqueous phase. According to the method, graphite serves as a raw material. The method comprises the following steps: intercalating the graphite by adopting an intercalator, so that interlayer spacing between graphene sheet layers is enlarged, and the interaction force between the layers is weakened; and directly treating the intercalated graphite through ultrasonic waves, stripping and uniformly dispersing the graphite in an alkaline aqueous solution with the pH value of 10-14, wherein the content of graphene in the dispersion can be over 100mg / mL (about 10 weight percent of graphene), the content of single-layer graphene in the aqueous phase dispersion is more than 90 percent, the equivalent diameter of the graphene sheet layers can be over 1-10 microns, and a graphene film formed by filtering has a complete lattice structure and high electric conductivity. The prepared high-concentration aqueous phase graphene paste can be stored for a long time and is convenient to transport and use. The method is simple in process flow, high in production efficiency, low in energy consumption and low in cost, a commercially available low-cost reagent is adopted, the reagent is easy to recover, and the production process is environment-friendly and pollution-free.

The invention discloses a preparation method of large-size graphene oxide or graphene. The preparation method mainly utilizes graphite as a raw material and comprises that 1, under the action of an intercalator and an expanding agent, graphite fully releases interlayer spaces so that interlayer interaction is reduced and a graphene aggregate is obtained, 2, the graphene aggregate is oxidized by an oxidizing agent, and then the oxidized graphene aggregate is peeled in water under gentle mechanical action so that a large area of a dispersion liquid of graphene oxide is obtained, and 3, the peeled graphene oxide is reduced by a reducer or heat treatment so that high conductivity graphene is obtained. The preparation method utilizes cheap raw materials, has a simple process, can be controlled easily, realizes fast and high efficiency solid-liquid separation, is convenient for industrial large scale production, prevents graphene crystal structure destroy caused by high energy supersonic wave, high speed shearing or fluid crushing. The obtained graphene has a large size and high conductivity and can be popularized and used in fields of high efficiency heat management, flexible display, energy conversion and storage.

The invention discloses a method for preparing large-size high-quality graphene with controllable number of layers, wherein graphite powder or flake graphite is mainly adopted as a raw material. The method specifically comprises the steps of intercalating the graphite raw material by virtue of an intercalating agent to initially weaken the intercalation interaction force and obtain different orders of graphite intercalation compounds (GICs); soaking the GICs in an appropriate expander, and then under the case that an auxiliary agent is added or not, enabling the intercalation materials to be quickly reacted with the expander to release a gases to obtain highly expanded wormlike graphene aggregate and further to cause the distances among graphene lamellar layers to be increased; and after certain processing, peeling, and then repeatedly centrifuging and dispersing to obtain a graphene dispersion with different numbers of layers. According to the method disclosed by the invention, the intercalation-expansion-peeling process is involved, raw materials are cheap, the reaction process is simple and easily controlled, and the number of layers of graphene is precisely controlled; the obtained graphene lamellar layers have the advantages of few defects, large size, high conductivity, high yield and the like, the large-scale industrial production is easily implemented, and the problems of high cost, low productivity, poor quality, small size, uncontrollable number of layers and the like in an existing graphene preparation technology are solved.

The invention belongs to the technical field of urban railway vehicle control, and relates to an urban railway vehicle braking force management method distributing braking force based on TCMS. According to the management method, electric braking force is used preferably, air braking serves as the supplementary for insufficient braking force, electric braking is in real-time coordinated matching with air braking, air braking is not used under the situation that the electric braking capability is enough, and the purposes that energy is fed back to a power grid to the maximum degree, and abrasion of a shoe is greatly reduced are achieved. When the electric braking capability is not enough, the air braking is preferably supplemented to a trailer and a motor vehicle with the electric braking fault, and after the maximum adhesion is reached, the purposes that the air braking is averagely supplemented on the motor vehicle with the normal electric braking, the average distribution of braking force for all vehicles is achieved, the interaction force among the vehicles is reduced, and the service life of the vehicles is prolonged are achieved. In the braking process and the starting process, the applying of the braking force is linearly controlled according to the whole vehicle impulsion limiting requirement, the vehicle impulsion is reduced, and conversion among traction force, electric braking and air braking is smooth.

The invention specifically relates to a mixture containing fluororesin and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the field of communication materials. A prepreg prepared by impregnating a glass fabric in dispersion liquid of the mixture containing fluororesin and then carrying out drying and the like has uniform glue content, good impregnation quality, strong resin adhesion, smooth surface and appropriate toughness and viscosity. The invention also relates to a high-frequency copper clad laminate prepared from the prepreg, or a film or copper foil made of the mixture containing fluororesin. The prepared copper clad laminate has good thermal-mechanical properties, excellent dielectric properties and high copper foil strength, and can meet requirements on the comprehensive properties of substrate materials in the field of high-frequency communication. According to the invention, the processing properties of traditional fluororesin are greatly improved by using fluorine-containing resin with a low melting point; and a coupling agent is cooperatively used, so interaction between an inorganic filling material and glass fabric and a resin matrix is improved, dispersibility of the inorganic filling material, processing aids and the like in the fluororesin is enhanced, and the overall performance of the copper clad laminate is made more stable.

A system for the hookup of either a manned or unmanned vehicle with a second vehicle which may be refueling. These vehicles may be both airborne, one airborne and the other on the ground or both on the ground. A probe extending from a first vehicle which may be refueled is joined to a paradrogue or “flycatcher” at the end of a boom on a second vehicle which may be a refueling vehicle. In bringing the probe into the paradrogue an optical sensor on one of the vehicles is employed in conjunction with optical beacons on the other vehicle with the sensor measuring the relative motion between the probe and the paradrogue and generating a control signal for controlling motion of the probe relative to the paradrogue. The positioning of the probe relative to the paradrogue is accurately controlled during the fueling operation by a reeled cable mechanism utilizing a reel which is driven to wind one end of the cable there around to retain the cable in a tensioned state. The other end of the cable is attached to the refueling vehicle . . . The cable, probe and the refueling vehicle are in a triangular configuration while allowing only small interaction forces restrains relative motion between the probe and the paradrogue.

The invention provides a current collector and a preparation method thereof. The current collector comprises a current collector foil and at least one surface of the current collector foil is coated with coating layers containing graphene and a binder. The preparation method comprises the following steps of dispersing graphene and the binder in a solvent to obtain slurry, coating the slurry on at least one surface of the current collector foil and drying. Graphene of the coating layer has a two-dimensional sheet structure and thus the graphene forms a uniform and compact coating on the surface of the current collector foil so that a contact area of the graphene and the surface of the current collector is greatly improved; a conductive contact between an active material and the current collector is improved; the interface resistance of the current collector and the active material is effectively reduced; and internal resistance of a cell is reduced. Contact areas of graphene layers paved on the surface of the current collector and contact areas of the graphene layers and the current collector are large and thus interactional forces are strong; falling off is difficult; adhesive forces are strong; separation of the active material and the current collector is avoided in charging and discharging; and internal resistance reduction is promoted.

The invention discloses a non-adhesion driving structure for a straddle type railway vehicle. The structure comprises a monorail runway track and a bogie which are matched with each other, and is improved in that: the two sides of the monorail runway track are provided with an induction plate respectively; the two sides of the bogie are provided with a linear motor respectively; and the linear motors and the induction plates correspond one to one, and are arranged opposite. The non-adhesion driving structure has the advantages that: the adhesion driving of the conventional straddle type railway vehicle is changed into non-adhesion driving, and the braking and acceleration of the vehicle are finished by an interaction force between the linear motors and the induction plates, so the load of a traveling wheel is decreased, the stability of the structure is improved and the running cost of the vehicle is decreased.

A method and system for micro-force guided cooperative control that assists the operator in manipulating tissue in the direction of least resistance. A tool holder receives a surgical tool adapted to be held by a robot and a surgeon. A first sensor measures interaction forces between a tip of the surgical tool and tissue of a region of interest. A second sensor measures interaction forces between the surgeon and a handle to the surgical tool. A data processor is configured to perform an algorithm to actively guide the surgical tool by creating a bias towards a path of least resistance and limit directional tool forces of the surgical tool as a function of handle input forces and tip forces. This function offers assistance to challenging retinal membrane peeling procedures that require a surgeon to delicately delaminate fragile tissue that is susceptible to hemorrhage and tearing due to undesirable forces.

The invention relates to a method for preparing modified attapulgite by silane coupling agent, belonging to field of developing and using attapulgite. The invention employs attapulgite as raw material, treats it with acid, gets acidified attapulgite; then disperses with supersonic wave, and hydrolyzes silane coupling agent, finally, proceeds dehydration and condensation reaction with hydrolysate of silane coupling agent and attapulgite, and gets said product. The invention employs silane coupling agent to treat attapulgite, and increases the interaction between attapulgite and organic material. It is proved by FTIR that product realizes silane modification, which creats condition for enlarging application range and increasing application value for attapulgite.

The invention relates to an experimental device and method for simulating the extension influence of hydraulic fracturing cracks and natural cracks. Fracturing pipe columns are simulated through steelpipes, planar rock samples are formed through pouring and cured, and then rock samples with random spots are prepared; then the samples are placed into adjustable hydraulic fracturing cavities, unequal ground stress is applied to the two sides of the samples, and then fracturing liquid is injected through the fracturing pipe columns; and meanwhile a high-speed camera is utilized to shoot the crack extension condition in the hydraulic fracturing process, the rock body deformation condition in the hydraulic fracturing process is collected through a deformeter, and the pumping-in pressure and strain change are detected. According to the experimental device and method for simulating the extension influence of the hydraulic fracturing cracks and the natural cracks, the interplaying mechanicalrelation between the hydraulic fracturing cracks and the natural cracks can be intuitively analyzed, the distribution problem after a flow makes contact with the natural cracks can be accurately researched, and meanwhile the complex mechanical behavior such as cracking rules of hydraulic fracturing, rock body deformation caused by hydraulic crack extension and opening, re-starting or dislocation of the natural cracks at different strength is intuitively observed.

The invention discloses shield tail sealing grease and a preparation method thereof. The shield tail sealing grease for tunnel construction tunneling equipment namely a shield tunneling machine consists of the following components: 15-30% of base oil, 10-20% of lubricating grease, 2-8% of a tackifier, 1-5% of an adhesion promoter, 5-10% of fibers, and 30-50% of a flour filler. The shield tail sealing grease is mainly formed by the combination of the base oil, the lubricating grease, the fibers and the filler, particularly the adhesion promoter is added, and the adhesion and the stability of a product are enhanced by the interaction force between the adhesion promoter and the surface of a base material; the product is stable in performance, avoids phenomena of segregation and sun crack when exposed in the air for a long time, does not generate sag and flow when encountering heat, and can still keep a relatively good pumping performance at a low temperature; and the shield tail sealing grease has relatively high impermeability, is convenient to operate and easy to pump, has excellent adhesion and certain corrosion resistance to metals, has outstanding water-stop and lubricating effects, and is easily biodegradable, environment-friendly and nontoxic.

A scanning probe microscope and methodology called resonant difference-frequency atomic force ultrasonic microscopy (RDF-AFUM), employs an ultrasonic wave launched from the bottom of a sample while the cantilever of an atomic force microscope, driven at a frequency differing from the ultrasonic frequency by one of the contact resonance frequencies of the cantilever, engages the sample top surface. The nonlinear mixing of the oscillating cantilever and the ultrasonic wave in the region defined by the cantilever tip-sample surface interaction force generates difference-frequency oscillations at the cantilever contact resonance. The resonance-enhanced difference-frequency signals are used to create images of nanoscale near-surface and subsurface features.

The invention discloses a lower limb rehabilitation training robot system based on virtual reality, which comprises a virtual interaction scene module, a physiological parameter acquisition module, a man-machine interaction module, a control module and a lower limb rehabilitation training robot, wherein the virtual interaction scene module simulates motion of a virtual person in a virtual scene and calculates an interaction force between the virtual person and a virtual environment; the man-machine interaction module displays and transmits physiological parameters of a patient, a motion state of the lower limb rehabilitation training robot and the acting forces of the patient in all directions to the control module; the control module generates and issues a control instruction; and the lower limb rehabilitation training robot is responsible for force feedback output under an active rehabilitation condition and traction of the patient for rehabilitation training under a passive rehabilitation training condition. According to the system, simpler virtual scene interaction is achieved by establishing a virtual person model; a real-time and friendly virtual scene interaction system with feedback of a visual sense, an auditory sense and a touch sense is provided for the rehabilitation training robot; and the patient is encouraged to actively perform rehabilitation training.

The invention involves submarine manipulator with clamping and suctioning functions. The manipulator mainly consists of the suction disc, pressure-relieving cushion, supporting rod, clamping fingers, spindle 1, stopper for clamping finger seat, guide bearing, clamp seat, pulling nail, motor, transmission screw, clamping finger seat, spindle 2, spindle 3, clamping finger arm, pressing spring and transmission shaft. The motor spindle is fixed to the transmission screw through pins. The clamp seat and the clamping finger seat are stationary. The motor and the transmission are connected with the pulling nail through a helix trough. One end of the clamping arm is connected to the clamping finger seat through the spindle and can rotate around the central line of the spindle. The other end is connected to the spindle 2 through a sliding trough. The spindle 2 and the transmission spindle are fixed into a whole structure, so the clamping and opening motion of the clamping fingers are realized. The supporting rod is connected to the transmission spindle through the spindle 1, and thus forming a level mechanism. As the transmission spindle reaches a certain position, under the joint action of the extruding block on the supporting rod and the stopper on the clamping finger seat, one end of the supporting rod is lifted. So the negative pressure cavity in the suction disc is depressurized. With this invention, the problem of picking up various kinds of objects with a single mechanism is solved, fully exerting the multi-functions which one single mechanism possesses, characterized by being light in weight, compact, practicability, reliable seal and convenience.

A separatory material comprising a composite material containing a stimulus-responsive polymer and a substance interacting specifically with a target substance, wherein said stimulus-responsive polymer undergoes a structural change upon a physical stimulus so that the interaction of said substance interacting specifically with the target substance is affected by the chemical or physical environmental change, thereby causing a reversible change in the interaction force with the target substance due to the physical stimulus, which separatory material is characterized in that said stimulus-responsive polymer has no affinity with said substance interacting specifically with the target substance.

The invention discloses a railway infrastructure detection system. The system involves a positioning synchronization subsystem, and a rail geometry detection subsystem, a rail contour detection subsystem, a rail state detection subsystem, a rail wheel force detection subsystem, a catenary geometric parameter detection subsystem, a pantograph-catenary current collection parameter detection subsystem which are in communication with the positioning synchronization subsystem. According to the system, on the basis of the structural characteristics and operation modes of urban rail transit infrastructure, the plurality of detection subsystems are integrated on a urban rail transit electric bus, rail geometric parameters, rail contour abrasion, rail state information, rail wheel interaction force, catenary geometric parameters and pantograph-catenary current collection parameters of the urban rail transit infrastructure are synchronously collected and accurately measured, the detection efficiency is improved, the urban rail transit operation maintenance cost is reduced, and the system can be widely applied to urban rail traffic construction and operation and maintenance.

The invention provides a supporting structure with variable forms and an electronic device having the supporting structure. The supporting structure comprises a fixing module, tail end module assemblies, and flexible module assemblies through which the fixing module and the tail end module assemblies are connected. The flexible module assemblies comprise multiple chain link units, wherein each chain link comprises a supporting piece containing a supporting face and a lower surface which are opposite to each other, and a driving part which extends downwards from one side of the supporting piece. The chain link units are successively connected to each other in a hinged mode through a connecting part on one side of the supporting piece. The flexible module assembly changes its forms by the supporting face driven by the interaction force of the driving parts of the adjacent chain link units. Through the interaction force of the driving parts of adjacent chain link units, different forms of successively hingedly connected supporting faces are constructed so that a supporting structure having flexibly variable forms is formed. The invention also provides an electronic device having the supporting structure.

The invention discloses a Pico / Nano satellite and rocket fixing and separating device. The Pico / Nano satellite and rocket fixing and separating device comprises a bottom plate. Satellite supporting bases, pull rods, pull rod cut-off mechanisms and satellite popping mechanisms are fixed to the bottom plate. At least one pair of satellite supporting bases is arranged. Any one pair of satellite supporting bases is oppositely arranged in pairs. At least one pair of pull rods is arranged. Each pair of pull rods is installed in any one pair of satellite supporting bases respectively. Each pull rod stretches out of a satellite supporting face of the corresponding satellite supporting base to be connected with a satellite and presses the satellite on the satellite supporting face. According to the Pico / Nano satellite and rocket fixing and separating device, when the satellite and the bottom plate are connected, pull force and pressure exerted on the bottom plate are exerted on the same straight line, and therefore the interaction force between the bottom plate and the satellite is reasonably distributed, the integral structure is simple and stable, meanwhile, installing is convenient, and the manufacturing cost is low.

The invention discloses a laser-electric arc compound welding gun which is characterized in that the welding gun respectively adopts ball screw linear guide rail mechanisms driven by three stepping motors or servo motors to precisely adjust the space positions of a laser focal point and an electric arc electrode along x, y and z three right-angle coordinate axis directions, and meanwhile, a gear pair rotation adjustment mechanism driven by one stepping motor or one servo motor to enable the electric arc electrode to freely rotate around the axial line of a laser beam within a 360-degree range; furthermore, by additional arrangement of an electromagnetic anti-splashing device fed with high-frequency alternating current, the compound welding gun controls a moving path of welding splashing under the mutual action between a magnetic field and a vortex, so that pollution caused by the welding splashing to a laser optical system and an electric arc welding gun protection system can be reduced. Due to the structural design, the compound welding gun disclosed by the invention can meet the requirements on efficient digitalized welding of complicated parts and manufacturing of complicated part additives.

The invention relates to a preparation method of a high-heat-conduction hexagonal boron nitride / polyimide composite material. The method comprises the following steps: step 1: mixing h-BN with mixed acid, facilitating reaction in a water bath, washing a product to be neutral, and drying the product; step 2: adding a solvent, ultrasonically dispersing, then adding binary isocyanate, and stirring and refluxing for 24h; step 3: adding aromatic diamine, and continuously stirring and refluxing for 24h; step 4: placing amination hexagonal boron nitride into a reactor, adding the solvent, and then stirring and ultrasonically dispersing; adding aromatic amine, adding aromatic dianhydride equimolar to aromatic amine, preparing a polyamide acid solution, smearing the polyamide acid solution onto a glass plate, carrying out the thermal imidization, and preparing a hexagonal boron nitride / polyimide composite film. By adopting the preparation method, the interaction force of the hexagonal boron nitride and polyimide is improved, a purpose of improving the dispersibility of a filler and compatibility of a base body can be realized, simplicity and feasibility can be realized, and the requirement on equipment is low.

The invention discloses a preparation process of high molecular weight silk fibroin freeze-dried powder. The silk fibroin freeze-dried powder can be rapidly and completely dissolved in water, and is applicable to various fields of biomedicine clinic. The preparation process, from controlling an interaction between molecules of the silk fibroin, changes pH value, ionic strength and concentration of a silk fibroin solution, and implements high pressure and high temperature sterilization to induce transformation of the silk fibroin from complex protein structures such as single molecule, polymer and nanoparticle to stable nanoparticle which is about 50-300nm, so as to inhibit interaction as well as coagulation and cross-linking between the molecules of the silk fibroin; therefore, the freeze-dried powder can be prepared through a basic freeze-drying procedure. The silk fibroin, which has been sterilized at high temperature before being freeze-dried, can be directly applied to clinic treatment without further disinfection treatment, thus greatly simplifying operation steps and saving cost.

The invention discloses a shift driving device and a combination thereof based on the interaction of a permanent magnet and an electromagnet. The device comprises a driving component, a motion initiating component and a guide component, wherein the driving component and the motion initiating component interacts with each other, the guide component is arranged between the driving component and the motion initiating component for restricting the shift direction of the motion initiating component, a fixed electromagnet or a fixed permanent magnet is used as the driving component, and a mobile permanent magnet or a mobile electromagnet is used as the motion initiating component. The device has the advantages of direct motion driving, simple mechanism, great rigidity, accurate driving shift, simplicity and convenience in control, rapid driving response and high efficiency. Linear reciprocating translational motion or rotating motion is directly generated based on the displacement of magnetic poles. Large stroke and micro stroke are easily realized. Motion force, shift distance and shift accuracy can be controlled through the accurate application of a magnetic field or the intensity of current. The magnetic field is directly used for driving, and a larger driving magnetic field is produced under the combined action of an electromagnetic field and a permanent magnetic field, so that the mechanism has larger driving force.

The invention relates to a method for green environmental-protection preparation of a high-concentration ultra-clean graphene dispersion liquid; graphite or a graphite intercalated compound is mainly used as a raw material and is expanded by a certain way to weaken the interaction force between graphite layers, then in an ionic liquid, stripping is achieved under a certain mechanical force by using interaction between pi-anions and pi-cations, and the high-concentration high-electric-conductivity graphene dispersion liquid is obtained. The preparation process is simple and is easy to control, and does not involve any harsh conditions such as high temperature and high pressure, has low energy consumption, and has no need for use of strong oxidizing agents, so as to avoid destruction of acute oxidization on the structure and properties of graphene. In addition, the method has the advantages of green environment protection, does not introduce any impurities, enables the used ionic liquid to be recycled and used, and is quite suitable for large-scale industrialized production.