The invention discloses an
ultrasonic welding quality online detection
system and method, and belongs to the technical field of
laser non-contact measurement. According to the invention, the
laser vibration measurement probe is rigidly coupled to the
welding head to construct a follow-up-common-optical-path measurement unit, so that synchronous acquisition of vibration signals with zero
mass loading is realized; further extracting an attenuation section after
welding is finished from the
signal, and inverting an equivalent
modal damping ratio representing an interface energy dissipation state based on an exponential attenuation model; meanwhile, multi-dimensional physical indexes such as an
energy transfer efficiency index Itrans and an input
stability index Iin are calculated, and in combination with an
energy absorption state index, collaborative fusion is carried out through a weighted fusion formula to obtain a comprehensive
quality score; and finally, realizing quality attenuation early warning based on
time sequence trend analysis of a scoring sequence. On-line sensing of the deep dynamic state in the
welding process is achieved, the early defect recognition sensitivity and the
system anti-interference capacity are remarkably improved, and the
predictive maintenance capacity of quality degradation is achieved.