Component detection system based on two-dimensional perovskite thin film probe and use method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a component detection system based on a two-dimensional perovskite thin film probe and a use method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of component detection, the component detection system comprises a two-dimensional perovskite thin film probe subsystem, a sample processing subsystem and a PL spectrum analysis subsystem; the two-dimensional perovskite thin film probe subsystem comprises a first sealing cavity and two-dimensional perovskite thin film probe arrays, and the two-dimensional perovskite thin film probe arrays comprise a formamidine probe array, a methylamine probe array and an ammonia probe array; the sample processing subsystem comprises a second sealing cavity and a sample excitation device; the first sealing cavity is communicated with the second sealing cavity through a gas pipe, a sample to be detected is arranged in the second sealing cavity, component gas is released through the sample excitation device, the component gas is detected through the two-dimensional perovskite thin film probe array, and in-situ detection of gas components formamidine, methylamine and ammonia is achieved by comparing PL spectrums before and after detection. Compared with the gas phase mass spectrometry, the method has the advantages of high detection precision, simplicity in operation and low cost, and is suitable for various scenes in the perovskite field.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of component detection, and particularly relates to a component detection system based on a two-dimensional perovskite thin film probe and a method for using the same. Background Art

[0002] Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry is a current mainstream gas detection method. Its core principle includes two parts: gas chromatography separation and mass spectrometry detection. The specific detection process is as follows: The gaseous sample entering from the injection port is ionized by ion bombardment or chemical ionization and then carried into the chromatographic column by the carrier gas. The chromatographic column generates characteristic electrical signals through separation and converts them into mass spectra. By analyzing the characteristics of the mass spectra, gas components are obtained.

[0003] Although gas chromatography-mass spectrometry has the advantages of high sensitivity and high selectivity in gas detection, its detection accuracy is affected by various factors. First, other components in complex gas samples may interfere with the ionization efficiency and mass spectrometry signals of target gas components. Second, as a non-in-situ detection method, gas samples usually need to undergo derivatization treatments such as concentration, adsorption, and desorption, which are cumbersome to operate and prone to introducing errors during detection. At the same time, problems such as ion source contamination and degradation of chromatographic column performance occur during long-term operation of the detection instrument, resulting in signal drift and thus causing gas detection errors. Therefore, the detection accuracy highly depends on the calibration accuracy before detection. In summary, there are technical bottlenecks such as high technical costs, complex operations, and low detection accuracy in gas detection using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.

[0004] In the field of perovskites, perovskite solar cells do not have long-term operational stability under harsh environments, especially in high-temperature environments. This situation largely stems from the degradation of the perovskite light-absorbing layer in the battery, resulting in component loss and overflowing in the form of gas. Therefore, in order to explore the internal mechanism of the instability of perovskite solar cells, it is extremely necessary to analyze the gas components lost by the perovskite light-absorbing layer thin film in this field.

[0005] Therefore, there is a need to provide an in-situ gas detection method for detecting the gas components lost by the perovskite light-absorbing layer thin film to improve the detection accuracy of gas components. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Aiming at the technical problems existing in current gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, the present invention provides a component detection system based on a two-dimensional perovskite thin film probe and a method for using the same. Using the two-dimensional perovskite thin film probe as a gas-sensitive material, in-situ detection of common gas components formamidine (FA), methylamine (MA), and ammonia (NH3) in the perovskite field is realized, with the advantages of high detection accuracy, simple operation, and low cost.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0008] A component detection system based on a two-dimensional perovskite thin film probe, comprising a two-dimensional perovskite thin film probe subsystem, a sample processing subsystem, and a fluorescence (PL) spectrum analysis subsystem;

[0009] The two-dimensional perovskite thin film probe subsystem includes a first sealed chamber and a two-dimensional perovskite thin film probe array located inside the first sealed chamber; the two-dimensional perovskite thin film probe array includes a formamidinium probe array, a methylammonium probe array, and an ammonia probe array;

[0010] The sample processing subsystem includes a second sealed chamber and a sample excitation device connected to each other;

[0011] The PL spectrum analysis subsystem is used to detect the PL spectra of the formamidinium probe array, the methylammonium probe array, and the ammonia probe array;

[0012] Wherein, the first sealed chamber is connected to the second sealed chamber through a gas pipe, and the inside is in an atmosphere of nitrogen or noble gas; the sample to be measured is placed inside the second sealed chamber, and component gas is released through the sample excitation device; the formamidinium probe array, the methylammonium probe array, and the ammonia probe array detect the component gas, and by comparing the PL spectra before and after detection, in-situ detection of the gas components formamidinium, methylammonium, and ammonia is realized.

[0013] Further, the sample excitation device is a heating device.

[0014] Further, the formamidinium probe array includes a plurality of formamidinium probes with different materials, and the material of the formamidinium probe is a mixed thin film composed of formamidinium lead iodide (FAPbI3) and aromatic ammonium iodide salts with different molar ratios.

[0015] Further, the aromatic ammonium iodide salt is one or more of phenethylammonium iodide (PEAI), 4-fluorophenethylammonium iodide (4F-PEAI), 3-fluorophenethylammonium iodide (3F-PEAI), 2-fluorophenethylammonium iodide (2F-PEAI), 1-methoxy-4-benzylammonium iodide (4MeO-PMAI).

[0016] Further, the methylammonium probe array includes a plurality of methylammonium probes with different materials, and the material of the methylammonium probe is a mixed thin film composed of lead iodide (PbI2) and linear-chain ammonium iodide salts in an equimolar ratio.

[0017] Further, the linear-chain ammonium iodide salt is one or more of butylammonium iodide (BAI), propylammonium iodide (PAI), amylammonium iodide (AAI), hexylammonium iodide salt (HAI).

[0018] Further, the ammonia probe array includes multiple ammonia probes with different materials. The material of the ammonia probe is a mixed thin film composed of lead methylammonium iodide (MAPbI3) and phenylmethylammonium iodide (PMAI) with different molar ratios, or a mixed thin film composed of lead methylammonium iodide and 1-naphthylmethylammonium iodide (1-NMAI) with different molar ratios.

[0019] Further, the sample to be measured is a perovskite device, a perovskite thin film, or a raw material required for preparing perovskite.

[0020] Further, taking the average value of the characteristic peaks of the PL spectrum of the two-dimensional perovskite thin film probe array before detection as the initial characteristic peak value, when the difference between the average value of the characteristic peaks of the PL spectrum of the formamidine probe array after detection and the initial characteristic peak value is between 100 and 150 nm, it is considered that the component gas released from the sample to be measured contains formamidine; when the difference between the average value of the characteristic peaks of the PL spectrum of the methylamine probe array after detection and the initial characteristic peak value is between 160 and 250 nm, it is considered that the component gas released from the sample to be measured contains methylamine; when the difference between the average value of the characteristic peaks of the PL spectrum of the ammonia probe array after detection and the initial characteristic peak value is between 20 and 40 nm, it is considered that the component gas released from the sample to be measured contains ammonia.

[0021] The usage method of the component detection system based on the two-dimensional perovskite thin film probe includes the following steps:

[0022] Step 1: Use the PL spectrum analysis subsystem to perform PL spectrum testing on the two-dimensional perovskite thin film probe array before detection, and take the average value of the characteristic peaks of the PL spectrum as the initial characteristic peak value;

[0023] Step 2: Use the sample excitation device to cause the sample to be measured inside the second sealed chamber to release component gas, and transport it to the inside of the first sealed chamber through a gas pipe. The formamidine probe array, methylamine probe array, and ammonia probe array inside the first sealed chamber react with the corresponding component gas in contact, and the detection is completed;

[0024] Step 3: Use the PL spectrum analysis subsystem to perform PL spectrum testing on the formamidine probe array, methylamine probe array, and ammonia probe array after detection;

[0025] Calculate the difference between the average value of the characteristic peaks of the PL spectrum of the formamidine probe array after detection and the initial characteristic peak value. If the difference is between 100 and 150 nm, it is considered that the component gas released from the sample to be measured contains formamidine;

[0026] Calculate the difference between the average value of the characteristic peaks of the PL spectrum of the methylamine probe array after detection and the initial characteristic peak value. If the difference is between 160 and 250 nm, it is considered that the component gas released from the sample to be measured contains methylamine;

[0027] Calculate the difference between the average value of the characteristic peak of the PL spectrum of the ammonia probe array after detection and the initial characteristic peak value. If the difference is between 20 and 40 nm, it is considered that the component gas released by the sample to be measured contains ammonia.

[0028] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0029] 1. For the common gas components formamidine, methylamine, and ammonia in the perovskite field, the present invention proposes a component detection system based on a two-dimensional perovskite thin film probe and its use method. Using two-dimensional perovskite thin films with different components as probes, qualitative detection of the gas components formamidine, methylamine, and ammonia is achieved through two PL spectrum tests.

[0030] 2. The component detection system based on the two-dimensional perovskite thin film probe proposed by the present invention adopts an in-situ detection method. Compared with the traditional gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method, the present invention does not require complex operations such as ion bombardment and chemical ionization, and at the same time avoids introducing external gas impurities and interference factors, and completes the detection while maximizing the retention of the original characteristics of the gas components, greatly improving the component detection accuracy.

[0031] 3. The component detection system based on the two-dimensional perovskite thin film probe proposed by the present invention can be applied to various scenarios in the perovskite field. Specifically, by changing the excitation conditions of the sample excitation device, the component gas situation released by the sample to be measured under different actual scenarios is simulated. For example, when the sample excitation device is a heating device, different actual scenarios can be simulated by changing the heating temperature or heating duration. Description of the Drawings

[0032] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the component detection system based on the two-dimensional perovskite thin film probe proposed in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the two-dimensional perovskite thin film probe array proposed in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 It is a comparison diagram of the PL spectra of the component detection system based on the two-dimensional perovskite thin film probe proposed in Embodiment 1 of the present invention before and after detecting the gas component methylamine;

[0035] Figure 4 It is a comparison diagram of the PL spectra of the component detection system based on the two-dimensional perovskite thin film probe proposed in Embodiment 2 of the present invention before and after detecting the gas components formamidine and ammonia;

[0036] The descriptions of the marks in the drawings are as follows:

[0037] 1: First sealing cavity; 2: Two-dimensional perovskite thin film probe array; 3: First air hole; 4: Air pipe; 5: Second air hole; 6: Second sealing cavity; 7: Sample to be measured; 8: Heating device; 9: Formamidinium probe array; 10: Methylamine probe array; 11: Ammonia probe array. Detailed implementation mode

[0038] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0039] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed present invention, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] Embodiment 1

[0041] This embodiment provides a component detection system based on a two-dimensional perovskite thin film probe, and the structure is as Figure 1 shown, including a two-dimensional perovskite thin film probe subsystem, a sample processing subsystem, and a PL spectrum analysis subsystem.

[0042] The two-dimensional perovskite thin film probe subsystem includes a first sealing cavity 1 and a two-dimensional perovskite thin film probe array 2 located inside the first sealing cavity 1; as Figure 2 shown, the two-dimensional perovskite thin film probe array 2 is a 3×8 array, including a 1×8 formamidinium probe array 9, a 1×8 methylamine probe array 10, and a 1×8 ammonia probe array 11.

[0043] The formamidine probe array 9 includes 8 formamidine probes, and the material of each formamidine probe is a mixed thin film composed of FAPbI3 and aromatic ammonium iodide salts with different molar ratios; the aromatic ammonium iodide salts are one or more of PEAI, 4F-PEAI, 3F-PEAI, 2F-PEAI, and 4MeO-PMAI. In this embodiment, the material compositions of the 8 formamidine probes are 100% (PEA)2PbI4; 10% FAPbI3 + 90% (PEA)2PbI4; 30% FAPbI3 + 70% (PEA)2PbI4; 100% (3F-PEA)2PbI4; 10% FAPbI3 + 90% (3F-PEA)2PbI4; 30% FAPbI3 + 70% (3F-PEA)2PbI4; 10% FAPbI3 + 90% (2F-PEA)2PbI4; 30% FAPbI3 + 70% (2F-PEA)2PbI4.

[0044] The methylamine probe array 10 includes 8 methylamine probes, and the material of each methylamine probe is a mixed thin film composed of PbI2 and linear-chain ammonium iodide salts with equimolar ratios; the linear-chain ammonium iodide salts are one or more of BAI, PAI, AAI, and HAI. In this embodiment, the material compositions of the 8 methylamine probes are 100% (BA)2PbI4; 100% (PA)2PbI4; 100% (AA)2PbI4; 50% (BA)2PbI4 + 50% (PA)2PbI4; 50% (BA)2PbI4 + 50% (AA)2PbI4; 50% (AA)2PbI4 + 50% (PA)2PbI4; 20% (BA)2PbI4 + 80% (PA)2PbI4; 20% (BA)2PbI4 + 80% (AA)2PbI4.

[0045] The ammonia probe array 11 includes 8 ammonia probes, and the material of each ammonia probe is a mixed thin film composed of MAPbI3 and PMAI with different molar ratios, or a mixed thin film composed of MAPbI3 and 1-NMAI with different molar ratios. In this embodiment, the material compositions of the 8 ammonia probes are 100% (PMA)2PbI4; 10% MAPbI3 + 90% (PMA)2PbI4; 20% MAPbI3 + 80% (PMA)2PbI4; 30% MAPbI3 + 70% (PMA)2PbI4; 100% (1-NMA)2PbI4; 10% MAPbI3 + 90% (1-NMA)2PbI4; 20% MAPbI3 + 80% (1-NMA)2PbI4; 30% FAPbI3 + 70% (1-NMA)2PbI4.

[0046] The sample processing subsystem includes a second sealed cavity 6 and a heating device 8 connected to each other.

[0047] The top of the first sealing cavity 1 is provided with a first air hole 3, and the top of the second sealing cavity 6 is provided with a second air hole 5. The first air hole 3 and the second air hole 5 are communicated through an air pipe 4. By evacuating and inflating the first sealing cavity 1 and the second sealing cavity 6, the inside thereof is in a nitrogen atmosphere.

[0048] The usage method of the component detection system based on the two-dimensional perovskite thin film probe specifically includes the following steps:

[0049] Step 1: Use the PL spectrum analysis subsystem to perform a PL spectrum test on the two-dimensional perovskite thin film probe array 2 before detection, and use the average value of the PL spectrum characteristic peaks as the initial characteristic peak value;

[0050] Step 2: Place the sample to be tested 7 inside the second sealing cavity 6. By controlling the temperature and heating time of the heating device 8, the sample to be tested 7 releases component gases. The component gases are transported to the inside of the first sealing cavity 1 through the air pipe 4. The formamidinium probe array 9, methylamine probe array 10, and ammonia probe array 11 located inside the first sealing cavity 1 react with the corresponding component gases in contact therewith to complete the detection;

[0051] Step 3: Use the PL spectrum analysis subsystem to perform a PL spectrum test on the formamidinium probe array 9, methylamine probe array 10, and ammonia probe array 11 after detection;

[0052] Calculate the difference between the average value of the PL spectrum characteristic peaks of the formamidinium probe array 9 after detection and the initial characteristic peak value. If the difference is between 100 and 150 nm, it is considered that the component gas released by the sample to be tested 7 contains formamidinium;

[0053] Calculate the difference between the average value of the PL spectrum characteristic peaks of the methylamine probe array 10 after detection and the initial characteristic peak value. If the difference is between 160 and 250 nm, it is considered that the component gas released by the sample to be tested 7 contains methylamine;

[0054] Calculate the difference between the average value of the PL spectrum characteristic peaks of the ammonia probe array 11 after detection and the initial characteristic peak value. If the difference is between 20 and 40 nm, it is considered that the component gas released by the sample to be tested 7 contains ammonia.

[0055] In this embodiment, the sample to be tested 7 is specifically a perovskite thin film, and its composition is MA 0.15 FA 0.85 PbI3; the temperature of the heating device 8 is set to 85 °C, and the heating time is 24 h; the test wavelength range of the PL spectrum analysis subsystem is 450 - 850 nm, and the excitation wavelength is 400 nm.

[0056] By testing the PL spectra of the formamidine probe array 9, methylamine probe array 10, and ammonia probe array 11 before and after detection, calculating the difference between the average value of the characteristic peaks of the PL spectra of the corresponding probe arrays and the initial characteristic peak values, according to the calculation results, it can be seen that the corresponding differences between the formamidine probe array 9 and the ammonia probe array 11 are almost 0, while the comparison result between the average value of the characteristic peaks of the PL spectrum of the methylamine probe array 10 (i.e., after detecting MA in the attached figure) and the initial characteristic peak value (i.e., the initial probe PL map in the attached figure) is as Figure 3 shown, the average value of the characteristic peaks of the PL spectrum of the methylamine probe array 10 is shifted by 171 nm compared to the initial characteristic peak value. Furthermore, it indicates that for the perovskite thin film MA 0.15 FA 0.85 PbI3, after being treated at 85 °C for 24 h, generates the component gas methylamine, and no formamidine and ammonia are generated.

[0057] Example 2

[0058] In this example, based on the component detection system of two-dimensional perovskite thin film probes proposed in Example 1, the gas components of the sample to be measured 7 are detected.

[0059] Specifically, the sample to be measured 7 is lead iodide powder and formamidine iodide powder (FAI) placed separately, both of which are raw materials required for preparing perovskite; the temperature of the heating device 8 is set to 120 °C, and the heating time is 5 h; the test wavelength range of the PL spectrum analysis subsystem is 450 - 850 nm, and the excitation wavelength is 400 nm.

[0060] By testing the PL spectra of the formamidine probe array 9, methylamine probe array 10, and ammonia probe array 11 before and after detection, calculating the difference between the average value of the characteristic peaks of the PL spectra of the corresponding probe arrays and the initial characteristic peak values, according to the calculation results, it can be seen that the corresponding difference of the methylamine probe array 10 is almost 0, and the comparison results between the average value of the characteristic peaks of the PL spectrum of the formamidine probe array 9 (i.e., after detecting FA in the attached figure), the average value of the characteristic peaks of the PL spectrum of the ammonia probe array 11 (i.e., after detecting NH3 in the attached figure) and the initial characteristic peak value are as Figure 4 shown. It can be seen that the average value of the characteristic peaks of the PL spectrum of the formamidine probe array 9 is shifted by 112 nm compared to the initial characteristic peak value, and the average value of the characteristic peaks of the PL spectrum of the ammonia probe array 11 is shifted by 23 nm compared to the initial characteristic peak value, indicating that after heating lead iodide powder and formamidine iodide powder at 120 °C for 5 h, the gas components formamidine and ammonia will be generated, and no methylamine is generated.

[0061] In summary, the present invention provides a component detection system based on a two-dimensional perovskite thin film probe and a method for using the same for the common gas components formamidine, methylamine, and ammonia in the perovskite field. It can achieve rapid qualitative detection of the gas components formamidine, methylamine, and ammonia, greatly improving the component detection accuracy. It is applicable to various scenarios in the perovskite field. Specifically, by changing the excitation conditions of the sample excitation device, the component gas situation released by the sample to be measured under different actual scenarios is simulated.

[0062] The above embodiments only illustrate the principles and advantages of the present invention, rather than limiting the present invention. They are only for helping to understand the principles of the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above configurations and embodiments. Those skilled in the art can make various other specific deformations and combinations without departing from the essence of the present invention based on the disclosed technology, but still within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A component detection system based on a two-dimensional perovskite thin film probe, characterized in that It includes a two-dimensional perovskite thin film probe subsystem, a sample processing subsystem, and a PL spectral analysis subsystem; The two-dimensional perovskite thin film probe subsystem includes a first sealed chamber and a two-dimensional perovskite thin film probe array located inside the first sealed chamber; the two-dimensional perovskite thin film probe array includes a formamidinium probe array, a methylammonium probe array, and an ammonia probe array; The sample processing subsystem includes a second sealed chamber and a sample excitation device connected to each other; The PL spectral analysis subsystem is used to detect the PL spectra of the formamidinium probe array, the methylammonium probe array, and the ammonia probe array; Among them, the first sealed chamber and the second sealed chamber are connected through a gas pipe, and the internal atmosphere is nitrogen or noble gas; the sample to be measured is placed inside the second sealed chamber, and component gases are released through the sample excitation device; the formamidinium probe array, the methylammonium probe array, and the ammonia probe array detect the component gases, and in-situ detection of formamidinium, methylammonium, and ammonia in the gas components is achieved by comparing the PL spectra before and after detection.

2. The component detection system based on the two-dimensional perovskite thin film probe according to claim 1, wherein, The sample excitation device is a heating device.

3. The component detection system based on the two-dimensional perovskite thin film probe according to claim 1, wherein The formamidinium probe array includes a plurality of formamidinium probes with different materials, and the material of the formamidinium probe is a mixed thin film composed of formamidinium lead iodide and aromatic ammonium iodide salts with different molar ratios.

4. The component detection system based on the two-dimensional perovskite thin film probe according to claim 3, characterized in that, The aromatic ammonium iodide salt is one or more of phenethylammonium iodide, p-fluorophenethylammonium iodide, m-fluorophenethylammonium iodide, o-fluorophenethylammonium iodide, and 1-methoxy-4-benzylammonium iodide.

5. The component detection system based on the two-dimensional perovskite thin film probe according to claim 1, characterized in that, The methylammonium probe array includes a plurality of methylammonium probes with different materials, and the material of the methylammonium probe is a mixed thin film composed of lead iodide and linear-chain ammonium iodide salts with equimolar ratios.

6. The component detection system based on the two-dimensional perovskite thin film probe according to claim 5, wherein, The linear-chain ammonium iodide salt is one or more of butylammonium iodide, propylammonium iodide, pentylammonium iodide, and hexylammonium iodide salt.

7. The component detection system based on the two-dimensional perovskite thin film probe according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ammonia probe array includes a plurality of ammonia probes with different materials, and the material of the ammonia probe is a mixed thin film composed of methylammonium lead iodide and benzylammonium iodide with different molar ratios, or a mixed thin film composed of methylammonium lead iodide and naphthylmethylammonium iodide with different molar ratios.

8. The component detection system based on the two-dimensional perovskite thin film probe according to claim 1, wherein, The sample to be measured is a perovskite device, a perovskite thin film, or a raw material required for preparing perovskite.

9. The component detection system based on a two-dimensional perovskite thin film probe according to claim 1, wherein, Taking the average value of the PL spectral characteristic peaks of the two-dimensional perovskite thin film probe array before detection as the initial characteristic peak value, when the difference between the average value of the PL spectral characteristic peaks of the formamidinium probe array after detection and the initial characteristic peak value is in the range of 100 - 150 nm, it is considered that the component gas released from the sample to be measured contains formamidinium; when the difference between the average value of the PL spectral characteristic peaks of the methylammonium probe array after detection and the initial characteristic peak value is in the range of 160 - 250 nm, it is considered that the component gas released from the sample to be measured contains methylammonium; when the difference between the average value of the PL spectral characteristic peaks of the ammonia probe array after detection and the initial characteristic peak value is in the range of 20 - 40 nm, it is considered that the component gas released from the sample to be measured contains ammonia.

10. A method for using a component detection system based on a two-dimensional perovskite thin film probe, characterized in that, Applicable to the component detection system based on two-dimensional perovskite thin film probes according to any one of claims 1 - 9, it includes the following steps: Step 1: Use the PL spectral analysis subsystem to perform PL spectral tests on the two-dimensional perovskite thin film probe array before detection, and take the average value of the PL spectral characteristic peaks as the initial characteristic peak value; Step 2: Use the sample excitation device to cause the test sample inside the second sealed cavity to release component gases, and transport them through the trachea to the inside of the first sealed cavity. The formamidine probe array, methylamine probe array, and ammonia probe array inside the first sealed cavity react with the corresponding component gases in contact, and the detection is completed; Step 3: Use the PL spectroscopy analysis subsystem to perform PL spectroscopy tests on the formamidine probe array, methylamine probe array, and ammonia probe array after detection; Calculate the difference between the average value of the PL spectral characteristic peaks of the formamidine probe array after detection and the initial characteristic peak value. If the difference is between 100 and 150 nm, it is considered that the component gas released by the test sample contains formamidine; Calculate the difference between the average value of the PL spectral characteristic peaks of the methylamine probe array after detection and the initial characteristic peak value. If the difference is between 160 and 250 nm, it is considered that the component gas released by the test sample contains methylamine; Calculate the difference between the average value of the PL spectral characteristic peaks of the ammonia probe array after detection and the initial characteristic peak value. If the difference is between 20 and 40 nm, it is considered that the component gas released by the test sample contains ammonia.

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