Welding, clamping and positioning device for automobile parts

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of welding assistance, and particularly discloses an automobile part welding, clamping and positioning device which comprises a speed type spot welding control mechanism, a tracking welding mechanism, a rotating mechanism and a bottom plate, the tracking welding mechanism comprises sliding assemblies and a translation sliding plate, and the sliding assemblies are symmetrically arranged on the bottom plate; the translation sliding plate is arranged on the sliding assembly, and the rotating mechanism is arranged on the bottom plate. The speed type spot welding control mechanism and the tracking welding mechanism are creatively provided, and the welding track can be automatically controlled under the condition that the outline of a part does not need to be input in advance through an active control freedom degree and a follow-up motion freedom degree; in addition, through control over the rotating speed, opening and closing of a welding circuit can be automatically controlled, and therefore the technical effect of spot welding is automatically achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of welding assistance, and specifically refers to a welding clamping and positioning device for automotive parts. Background Art

[0002] In the process of automobile production, many parts such as boxes and fenders are welded by thin steel plates. In the process of automated welding production, due to the high requirements for the production environment, generally, a welding method that is relatively clean and produces few or no impurities and fumes is adopted, such as resistance welding.

[0003] Although these boxes and fenders have uniform thickness, their projected areas are not the same. Therefore, a general welding device needs to have at least four degrees of freedom of movement, including translation in the X, Y, and Z directions, and rotation of the welding gun head; not only is the structure complex, but the size data of each part needs to be input into the control system in advance to control the welding gun head to make the correct movement trajectory; moreover, the operation of resistance welding is generally controlled by a circuit switch. If it is used for spot welding (there are intervals between welds, generally used for pre-welding or welding of structural parts with low strength requirements), etc., intelligent control of the welding circuit switch is also required. Therefore, the structure of the entire device is complex. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above situation, in order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a welding clamping and positioning device for automotive parts. In order to simplify the structure, the present invention creatively proposes a speed-type spot welding control mechanism and a tracing welding mechanism. By combining an actively controlled degree of freedom with a following degree of freedom of movement, the control of the welding trajectory can be automatically achieved without pre-inputting the part profile; moreover, the present invention can also automatically control the opening and closing of the welding circuit by controlling the rotation speed, thereby automatically achieving the technical effect of spot welding.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: The present invention provides a welding clamping and positioning device for automotive parts, including a speed-type spot welding control mechanism, a tracing welding mechanism, a rotating mechanism, and a bottom plate. The tracing welding mechanism includes a sliding assembly and a translation slide plate. The sliding assemblies are symmetrically arranged on the bottom plate, the translation slide plate is arranged on the sliding assemblies, and the rotating mechanism is arranged on the bottom plate; Further, the speed-type spot welding control mechanism includes a hydraulic resistance chute and a swinging assembly. The hydraulic resistance chute is arranged on the bottom plate, the hydraulic resistance chute is located between the two groups of sliding assemblies, and the swinging assembly is arranged on the translation slide plate.

[0006] The swinging of the swinging assembly can feedback the rotation speed of the workpiece, and then control the opening and closing of the spot welding switch, so as to realize the switch control of spot welding through the rotation of the workpiece.

[0007] Preferably, top covers are provided at both ends of the hydraulic resistance chute. There is liquid inside the hydraulic resistance chute, and the top covers function to prevent the liquid from splashing out.

[0008] As a further preference of the present invention, the swing assembly includes a swing base and a swing plate. The swing base is provided on the translation slide plate, the swing plate is rotatably provided on the swing base, a spot welding switch is provided on the swing base, and the inclination angle of the swing plate can be sensed through the spot welding switch. Tilted return springs are symmetrically provided between the swing plate and the translation slide plate.

[0009] When the swing plate slides in the hydraulic resistance chute, it will be subject to the resistance of the liquid, and the swing amplitude of the swing plate is positively correlated with the sliding speed of the translation slide plate. Therefore, the on-off control of the spot welding switch can be realized through the sliding speed of the translation slide plate.

[0010] Among them, through holes are arrayed on the swing plate.

[0011] The through holes can allow the liquid to pass through, which can not only retain the characteristic that the swing plate is subject to resistance in the liquid, but also prevent the liquid from being pushed to one end of the hydraulic resistance chute.

[0012] Furthermore, the sliding assembly includes a guide rail, a slider and a pressing spring. The guide rail is provided on the bottom plate, the slider is snap-fitted and slid on the guide rail, one end of the pressing spring is provided on the slider, and the other end of the pressing spring is provided with a mounting plate, and this mounting plate is fixedly connected to the bottom plate.

[0013] Preferably, the translation slide plate is provided on the slider. A fork portion is provided on the translation slide plate, a guide wheel is rotatably provided on the fork portion, the guide wheel is in rolling contact with the workpiece, and a welding torch is also provided on the translation slide plate.

[0014] Under the elastic force of the pressing spring, the guide wheel has a tendency to closely adhere to the side surface of the workpiece. Therefore, the welding torch can slide along the joint of the workpiece, achieving the technical effect of automatic tracing without the need to pre-enter dimensional information.

[0015] Furthermore, the rotating mechanism includes a rotation driving component and a rotation supporting component. The rotation driving component is provided on the bottom plate, and the rotation supporting component is provided on the bottom plate.

[0016] Preferably, the rotation supporting component includes a rotating base, a rotating bearing and a rotating frame. The rotating base is provided on the bottom plate, the rotating bearing is provided between the rotating base and the rotating frame, a cross bracket is provided on the rotating frame, and fixing disks are annularly and evenly provided on the cross bracket, and the workpiece is installed and fixed through the fixing disks.

[0017] As a further preference of the present invention, the rotation drive assembly includes a drive motor, a drive gear and a driven gear. The drive motor is arranged on the bottom plate, the drive gear is arranged on the output shaft of the drive motor, the driven gear is sleeved on the rotary frame, and the drive gear and the driven gear are in meshing transmission.

[0018] When the drive motor drives the workpiece to rotate, it can not only adjust the angle of the workpiece to match the welding torch, but also drive the translation slide plate to slide through the workpiece. It not only has the function of adjusting the position of the welding torch, but also can control the deflection amplitude of the swing plate through the rotation speed, so as to automatically control the on-off of the spot welding switch.

[0019] The beneficial effects achieved by the present invention with the above structure are as follows: (1) The swing of the swing assembly can feedback the rotation speed of the workpiece, and then control the opening and closing of the spot welding switch, so as to realize the on-off control of spot welding through the rotation of the workpiece.

[0020] (2) When the swing plate slides in the hydraulic resistance chute, it will be resisted by the liquid, and the swing amplitude of the swing plate is positively correlated with the sliding speed of the translation slide plate. Therefore, the on-off control of the spot welding switch can be realized through the sliding speed of the translation slide plate.

[0021] (3) The through hole allows the liquid to pass through, which can not only retain the characteristic that the swing plate is resisted by the liquid, but also prevent the liquid from being pushed to one end of the hydraulic resistance chute.

[0022] (4) Under the elastic force of the abutting spring, the guide wheel has the tendency to closely adhere to the side of the workpiece. Therefore, the welding torch can slide along the joint of the workpiece, and the technical effect of automatic tracing can be achieved without pre-inputting size information.

[0023] When the drive motor drives the workpiece to rotate, it can not only adjust the angle of the workpiece to match the welding torch, but also drive the translation slide plate to slide through the workpiece. It not only has the function of adjusting the position of the welding torch, but also can control the deflection amplitude of the swing plate through the rotation speed, so as to automatically control the on-off of the spot welding switch. Description of the Drawings

[0024] Figure 1 It is a perspective view of a welding clamping and positioning device for automotive parts proposed by the present invention; Figure 2 It is a front view of a welding clamping and positioning device for automotive parts proposed by the present invention; Figure 3 It is a top view of a welding clamping and positioning device for automotive parts proposed by the present invention; Figure 4 It is a left view of a welding clamping and positioning device for automotive parts proposed by the present invention; Figure 5 is Figure 4 a sectional view along the cutting plane line A-A in Figure 6 is Figure 2 a sectional view along the cutting plane line B-B in Figure 7 is Figure 2 a sectional view along the cutting plane line C-C in Figure 8 is a schematic semi-sectional structure view of a welding clamping and positioning device for an automotive part proposed by the present invention; Figure 9 is Figure 5 a partial enlarged view at position I in Figure 10 is Figure 5 a partial enlarged view at position II in Figure 11 is Figure 8 a partial enlarged view at position III in Figure 12 is a schematic view of the relationship between the swinging direction and the moving direction of the swinging plate; Figure 13 is a schematic view of the relationship between the angle of the workpiece and the sliding speed of the translation slide plate at different driving speeds; Figure 14 is a schematic view of the distribution of the non-weldable areas on the workpiece.

[0025] Among them, 1. speed-type spot welding control mechanism, 2. trace welding mechanism, 3. rotating mechanism, 4. bottom plate, 5. hydraulic resistance chute, 6. swinging assembly, 7. top cover, 8. swinging base, 9. swinging plate, 10. return spring, 11. spot welding switch, 12. through hole, 13. sliding assembly, 14. translation slide plate, 15. guide rail, 16. slider, 17. abutting spring, 18. fork portion, 19. guide wheel, 20. welding torch, 21. rotating drive assembly, 22. rotating support assembly, 23. drive motor, 24. drive gear, 25. driven gear, 26. rotating base, 27. rotating bearing, 28. rotating frame, 29. cross bracket, 30. fixed disk.

[0026] The drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation to the present invention. Detailed Embodiments

[0027] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0028] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0029] As Figures 1 to 11 shown, the present invention provides a welding clamping and positioning device for automotive parts, including a speed-type spot welding control mechanism 1, a tracing welding mechanism 2, a rotating mechanism 3 and a base plate 4. The tracing welding mechanism 2 includes a sliding assembly 13 and a translation slide plate 14. The sliding assemblies 13 are symmetrically arranged on the base plate 4, the translation slide plate 14 is arranged on the sliding assemblies 13, and the rotating mechanism 3 is arranged on the base plate 4; The speed-type spot welding control mechanism 1 includes a hydraulic resistance chute 5 and a swinging assembly 6. The hydraulic resistance chute 5 is arranged on the base plate 4, and the hydraulic resistance chute 5 is located between the two groups of sliding assemblies 13. The swinging assembly 6 is arranged on the translation slide plate 14.

[0030] By the swinging of the swinging assembly 6, the rotation speed of the workpiece can be feedback, and then the opening and closing of the spot welding switch 11 can be controlled, so as to realize the on-off control of spot welding through the rotation of the workpiece.

[0031] The two ends of the hydraulic resistance chute 5 are provided with top covers 7. The inside of the hydraulic resistance chute 5 contains liquid, and the top covers 7 have the function of preventing the liquid from splashing out.

[0032] The swinging assembly 6 includes a swinging base 8 and a swinging plate 9. The swinging base 8 is arranged on the translation slide plate 14, the swinging plate 9 is rotatably arranged on the swinging base 8, a spot welding switch 11 is arranged on the swinging base 8, the inclination angle of the swinging plate 9 can be sensed through the spot welding switch 11, and inclined return springs 10 are symmetrically arranged between the swinging plate 9 and the translation slide plate 14.

[0033] When the swinging plate 9 slides in the hydraulic resistance chute 5, it will be subjected to the resistance of the liquid, and the swinging amplitude of the swinging plate 9 is positively correlated with the sliding speed of the translation slide plate 14. Therefore, through the sliding speed of the translation slide plate 14, the on-off control of the spot welding switch 11 can be realized.

[0034] The swinging plate 9 is provided with through holes 12 in an array.

[0035] The through hole 12 can allow liquid to pass through, which can not only retain the characteristic that the swing plate 9 is resisted by the liquid, but also prevent the liquid from being pushed to one end of the hydraulic resistance chute 5.

[0036] The sliding assembly 13 includes a guide rail 15, a slider 16 and a pressing spring 17. The guide rail 15 is arranged on the bottom plate 4, the slider 16 is engaged and slidably arranged on the guide rail 15, one end of the pressing spring 17 is arranged on the slider 16, and an installation plate is arranged at the other end of the pressing spring 17, and the installation plate is fixedly connected to the bottom plate 4.

[0037] The translation slide plate 14 is arranged on the slider 16. A fork portion 18 is arranged on the translation slide plate 14. A guide wheel 19 is rotatably arranged on the fork portion 18. The guide wheel 19 is in rolling contact with the workpiece. A welding torch 20 is also arranged on the translation slide plate 14.

[0038] Under the elastic force of the pressing spring 17, the guide wheel 19 has a tendency to closely adhere to the side surface of the workpiece. Therefore, the welding torch 20 can slide along the joint of the workpiece, achieving the technical effect of automatic tracing without pre-inputting dimensional information.

[0039] The rotating mechanism 3 includes a rotating drive assembly 21 and a rotating support assembly 22. The rotating drive assembly 21 is arranged on the bottom plate 4, and the rotating support assembly 22 is arranged on the bottom plate 4.

[0040] The rotating support assembly 22 includes a rotating base 26, a rotating bearing 27 and a rotating frame 28. The rotating base 26 is arranged on the bottom plate 4. The rotating bearing 27 is arranged between the rotating base 26 and the rotating frame 28. A cross bracket 29 is arranged on the rotating frame 28. Fixed disks 30 are annularly and evenly arranged on the cross bracket 29, and the workpiece is installed and fixed through the fixed disks 30.

[0041] The rotating drive assembly 21 includes a drive motor 23, a drive gear 24 and a driven gear 25. The drive motor 23 is arranged on the bottom plate 4. The drive gear 24 is arranged on the output shaft of the drive motor 23. The driven gear 25 is sleeved on the rotating frame 28, and the drive gear 24 and the driven gear 25 are in meshing transmission.

[0042] When the drive motor 23 drives the workpiece to rotate, it can not only adjust the angle of the workpiece to match the welding torch 20, but on the other hand, it can also push the translation slide plate 14 to slide through the workpiece. It not only has the function of adjusting the position of the welding torch 20, but also can control the deflection amplitude of the swing plate 9 through the rotation speed, thereby automatically realizing the on-off control of the spot welding switch 11.

[0043] Such as Figure 12As shown, the lower half of the swing plate 9 is immersed in the liquid in the hydraulic resistance chute 5. When the translation slide plate 14 slides towards the left, the swing plate 9 will swing towards the right. When the translation slide plate 14 slides towards the right, the swing plate 9 will swing towards the left, and the swing amplitude of the swing plate 9 is positively correlated with the sliding speed of the translation slide plate 14.

[0044] As Figure 13 shown, the horizontal axis represents the angle β of the workpiece, and the vertical axis represents the swing angle α of the swing plate 9. The two curves respectively represent the relationship between β and α at two speeds. Among them, the curve with a higher peak corresponds to a higher rotational speed, and the curve with a lower peak corresponds to a lower rotational speed. The swing angles of the swing plate 9 corresponding to the opening thresholds of the spot welding switch 11 are set to two values A and B in the figure. When the workpiece rotates at the above-mentioned lower speed, the swing angle α of the swing plate 9 is always between A and B, and at this time the spot welding switch 11 always remains closed; When the workpiece rotates at the above-mentioned higher speed, when the swing angle α of the swing plate 9 is between A and B, the spot welding switch 11 is closed; when the swing angle α of the swing plate 9 is outside A and B, the spot welding switch 11 is opened. Within this range, if the rotational speed of the workpiece is adjusted to the above-mentioned lower speed, the spot welding switch 11 will be closed. Therefore, within this angular range, by changing the rotational speed of the workpiece, the on-off of the spot welding switch 11 can be controlled.

[0045] As Figure 14 shown, the solid-line square represents the workpiece, and the dashed-line square at the edge of the workpiece represents the weldable area. Corresponding to Figure 13 the angles outside the AB range in, within this angular range, by changing the rotational speed of the workpiece, the on-off of the spot welding switch 11 can be controlled; since spot welding itself has intervals, even if there is a small non-weldable area in the central area of the workpiece edge, it does not affect the effect of the spot welding process; To reduce the above-mentioned non-weldable area, just appropriately increase the rotational speed of the workpiece, so that Figure 13 the curve peaks in will be higher and the area falling within the AB range will be smaller.

[0046] In specific use, first, the user needs to fix the workpiece through the fixing plate 30 and make the center of the square workpiece coincide with the center of the rotating frame 28. The fixing plate 30 can choose fixing methods such as suction cups and electromagnets; Then start the drive motor 23, and drive the rotating frame 28 and the workpiece to rotate together by driving the driven gear 25 to rotate through the driving gear 24.

[0047] Under the elastic force of the abutting spring 17, the translation slide plate 14 has a tendency to slide towards the workpiece. Therefore, the guide wheel 19 always abuts against the side of the workpiece and is in rolling contact with the workpiece; Since the angle of the welding torch 20 is pre-adjusted, during the rotation of the workpiece, the tip of the welding torch 20 always lies at the weld seam. Except for a short moment when the edge of the workpiece is perpendicular to the guide rail 15, as long as the workpiece rotates at other positions, the translation slide plate 14 will slide; While the translation slide plate 14 slides, it will drive the swing plate 9 to move. Since there is resistance when the swing plate 9 moves in the liquid in the hydraulic resistance chute 5, the swing plate 9 will generate a yaw, and the yaw angle of the swing plate 9 is positively correlated with the sliding speed of the translation slide plate 14.

[0048] The spot welding switch 11 can sense the yaw angle of the swing plate 9. When the yaw angle of the swing plate 9 in any direction reaches the set threshold, the spot welding switch 11 is turned on, and before that, the spot welding switch 11 remains off.

[0049] After the translation slide plate 14 stops sliding, the swing plate 9 will be reset to the vertical state under the elastic force of the return spring 10.

[0050] As Figure 13 shown, the higher the rotation speed of the bottom plate 4, the higher the peak of the curve. Therefore, two driving speeds can be set for the driving motor 23, namely high speed and low speed. At low speed, the entire curve is completely within the range of AB. That is to say, as long as the driving motor 23 is driven at low speed, the spot welding switch 11 remains off; At high speed, part of the curve is within the range of AB and part is outside the range of AB. That is to say, for the position state within the range of AB, regardless of whether it is driven at high speed or low speed, the spot welding switch 11 remains off; for the position state outside the range of AB, the spot welding switch 11 is off when driven at low speed and on when driven at high speed.

[0051] When the welding torch 20 is within the Figure 14 dashed box range shown, by switching the high and low speed driving of the driving motor 23, the opening and closing of the spot welding switch 11 can be controlled, thereby achieving the technical effect of spot welding; since spot welding inherently has intervals, even if there is a small non-weldable area in the central area of the edge of the workpiece, it does not affect the effect of the spot welding process.

[0052] It should be noted that in this article, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the term "comprising", "including" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device comprising a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0053] The present invention and its embodiments have been described above. Such description is not restrictive. What is shown in the drawings is only one of the embodiments of the present invention, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. Generally speaking, if those of ordinary skill in the art are inspired by it and, without departing from the gist of the present invention, design similar structural modes and embodiments to this technical solution without creative efforts, they shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A welding clamping and positioning device for automotive parts, characterized in that: It includes a speed-type spot welding control mechanism (1), a tracking welding mechanism (2), a rotating mechanism (3) and a base plate (4). The tracking welding mechanism (2) includes a sliding assembly (13) and a translation slide plate (14). The sliding assembly (13) is symmetrically arranged on the base plate (4), the translation slide plate (14) is arranged on the sliding assembly (13), and the rotating mechanism (3) is arranged on the base plate (4). The speed-type spot welding control mechanism (1) includes a hydraulic resistance chute (5) and a swinging assembly (6). The hydraulic resistance chute (5) is arranged on the base plate (4), the hydraulic resistance chute (5) is located between two groups of sliding assemblies (13), and the swinging assembly (6) is arranged on the translation slide plate (14).

2. The welding clamping and positioning device for an automotive part according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both ends of the hydraulic resistance chute (5) are provided with top covers (7). There is liquid inside the hydraulic resistance chute (5), and the top covers (7) function to prevent the liquid from splashing out.

3. The welding clamping and positioning device for an automotive component according to claim 1, characterized in that: The swinging assembly (6) includes a swinging base (8) and a swinging plate (9). The swinging base (8) is arranged on the translation slide plate (14), the swinging plate (9) is rotatably arranged on the swinging base (8), a spot welding switch (11) is arranged on the swinging base (8), and the inclination angle of the swinging plate (9) can be sensed through the spot welding switch (11). Tilted return springs (10) are symmetrically arranged between the swinging plate (9) and the translation slide plate (14).

4. The welding clamping and positioning device for an automotive part according to claim 3, characterized in that: Through holes (12) are arranged in an array on the swinging plate (9).

5. The welding clamping and positioning device for an automotive component according to claim 3, characterized in that: The sliding assembly (13) includes a guide rail (15), a slider (16) and a pressing spring (17). The guide rail (15) is arranged on the base plate (4), the slider (16) is snap-fitted and slid on the guide rail (15), one end of the pressing spring (17) is arranged on the slider (16), and the other end of the pressing spring (17) is provided with a mounting plate which is fixedly connected to the base plate (4).

6. The welding clamping and positioning device for an automotive part according to claim 5, wherein: The translation slide plate (14) is arranged on the slider (16). A fork portion (18) is arranged on the translation slide plate (14), a guide wheel (19) is rotatably arranged on the fork portion (18), the guide wheel (19) is in rolling contact with the workpiece, and a welding torch (20) is also arranged on the translation slide plate (14).

7. A welding clamping and positioning device for an automotive component according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating mechanism (3) includes a rotation driving assembly (21) and a rotation support assembly (22). The rotation driving assembly (21) is arranged on the base plate (4), and the rotation support assembly (22) is arranged on the base plate (4).

8. A welding clamping and positioning device for an automotive component according to claim 7, characterized in that: The rotation support assembly (22) includes a rotating base (26), a rotating bearing (27) and a rotating frame (28). The rotating base (26) is arranged on the base plate (4), the rotating bearing (27) is arranged between the rotating base (26) and the rotating frame (28), a cross bracket (29) is arranged on the rotating frame (28), and fixing disks (30) are evenly arranged in a ring on the cross bracket (29). The workpiece is installed and fixed through the fixing disks (30).

9. The welding clamping and positioning device for an automotive component according to claim 8, wherein: The rotation drive assembly (21) includes a drive motor (23), a drive gear (24), and a driven gear (25). The drive motor (23) is disposed on the bottom plate (4), the drive gear (24) is disposed on the output shaft of the drive motor (23), the driven gear (25) is sleeved on the rotary frame (28), and the drive gear (24) and the driven gear (25) are in meshing transmission.

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