A reducer and its production process

Abstract

The present application relates to a speed reducer and its production process. In the process, when rough machining the tooth profile of a cycloidal wheel semi-finished product, at least three inserts are vertically arranged on the tool holder. The cross-sectional area of the gap between the cutting profile of the multiple inserts and the wall of the tooth groove of the finished cycloidal wheel increases gradually from top to bottom. When the tool holder is driven to move up and down to insert the teeth, only one insert is in the working state. After completing at least one reciprocating stroke, the tool holder is driven down and the next insert located above is put into the working state. After the rough machining of the first tooth groove is completed, after the cycloidal wheel semi-finished product is rotated to a set indexing angle, a detection component arranged along the radial direction of the cycloidal wheel semi-finished product is arranged and embedded in the previously machined tooth groove to detect the positioning accuracy of the current tooth groove to be machined. The present application does not require cutting when machining the tooth groove, and has low equipment requirements. In addition, the detection mechanism can perform a pre-detection after each tooth groove is machined to ensure the positioning accuracy of each tooth groove and improve the quality of rough machining.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of reducer production, and in particular to a reducer and a production process thereof. Background Art

[0002] A reducer is a power transmission device primarily used to reduce the speed of a prime mover (such as a motor or internal combustion engine) and increase output torque while reducing load inertia. Based on transmission type, they are generally categorized as gear reducers, worm reducers, planetary gear reducers, and cycloid reducers. Cycloid reducers offer a single-stage transmission ratio of up to 1:87, a single-stage transmission efficiency exceeding 90%, and multiple teeth meshing simultaneously. They offer extremely low vibration and noise, strong overload capacity, and a compact structure, making them the preferred choice for heavy-duty scenarios. As the primary core component of a cycloid reducer, the machining quality of the cycloid wheel directly impacts the reducer's service life.

[0003] In the related art, a Chinese patent application with application number CN201010107654.6 proposes a production process for a cycloidal wheel, the main component of a cycloidal reducer, comprising the following steps: (1) cutting the material with a cutting machine or a band saw; (2) heating the material with a medium frequency furnace to a temperature of 900-950°C; (3) punching the cycloidal wheel blank with a friction press or a forging press; (4) punching out the inner hole with a punch press or an air hammer; (5) forging the cycloidal wheel into shape in a cycloidal wheel mold with a friction press or a forging press; (6) spheroidizing and tempering the formed cycloidal wheel with a medium frequency furnace or an automated belt furnace; (7) rough processing on a special machine tool: turning, drilling the inner hole, pinning the hole, and milling the outer curve; (8) heat treatment; (9) fine processing and finished product: flat grinding; boring large and small holes; and fine grinding. The invention utilizes a cycloidal wheel die to forge and form a cycloidal wheel, so that the outer curve meets the needs of subsequent processing, improves product quality, saves a large amount of raw material loss, reduces subsequent processing steps, and saves processing costs.

[0004] Among them, in the rough machining process of the cycloidal wheel, the main task is to machine the preliminary tooth shape of the tooth profile, so as to facilitate rapid fine-tuning with a smaller feed allowance in the subsequent fine machining, thereby improving machining efficiency. However, in the rough machining process, traditional gear shaping machines are generally used for processing to save production costs. Although the machining accuracy of the tooth grooves does not need to reach the micron level, the positioning accuracy requirements of the tooth grooves are still high. Once an error occurs in the indexing angle between two adjacent tooth grooves, the machined cycloidal wheel will be stuck during operation. At present, traditional gear shaping machines mainly rely on the rotating motor of the indexing disk to control the rotation indexing. After working for a long time, the rotation indexing error gradually accumulates, and the machine needs to be stopped for inspection, which is not conducive to improving the production efficiency of mass production. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to improve the problem that the indexing angle error between two adjacent tooth grooves is difficult to accurately control when a traditional gear shaping machine performs rough processing on a cycloidal wheel, the present application provides a reducer and a production process thereof.

[0006] The first aspect of the present application provides a reducer production process that adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A process for producing a reducer comprises the following steps:

[0008] S1. Cutting and heating the blank;

[0009] S2. The heated blank is stamped into a cycloid wheel blank;

[0010] S3. After punching out the inner hole, the cycloid wheel is forged in the cycloid wheel die and spheroidized and tempered to produce a semi-finished product;

[0011] S4. Rough machining of the inner hole and tooth profile of the semi-finished product;

[0012] S5. Heat treatment and finishing;

[0013] During the roughing of the tooth profile in step S4, at least three slotting knives are vertically arranged on the tool holder, and the cross-sectional areas of the gaps between the cutting profiles of the plurality of slotting knives and the groove walls of the finished cycloidal gear increase gradually from top to bottom; and when the tool holder is driven to reciprocate up and down to slot the gear, only one slotting knives is in an operative state, and after each completion of at least one reciprocating stroke, the tool holder is driven downward to cause the next slotting knives located above to enter an operative state;

[0014] After the rough machining of the first tooth groove is completed, after the cycloid wheel semi-finished product rotates to set the indexing angle, a detection component arranged along the radial direction of the cycloid wheel semi-finished product is embedded in the first machined tooth groove to detect the positioning accuracy of the current tooth groove to be machined.

[0015] Furthermore, the detection component includes:

[0016] The detection rod is arranged radially along the semi-finished cycloid wheel to be processed, and its extension line passes through the median line of the corresponding tooth groove arc;

[0017] The arc-shaped plate has an inner arc top fixed on the detection rod and is adapted to the arc surface of the tooth groove wall of the finished cycloid gear;

[0018] Two detection needles are provided and are arranged in a mirror image of the detection rod. The detection needles are elastically mounted on the arc plate and one end of the detection needles passes through the arc plate and protrudes from the outer arc side of the arc plate;

[0019] When the detection assembly is installed to the set position, the displacement of a single detection pin is used to verify the finishing allowance reserved for the previously processed tooth groove, and the displacement difference between the two detection pins is used to verify the rotation indexing error of the tooth groove to be processed.

[0020] Furthermore, to verify the finishing allowance reserved for machining the tooth grooves, the standard finished cycloid wheel is first mounted on the indexing plate, and the detection assembly is mounted to the set position, and the displacement of the two detection needles is recorded and determined as the standard depth displacement;

[0021] When rough machining a semi-finished product, record the displacement of the detection needle and define it as the detection depth displacement. Difference between the standard depth displacement and the detection depth displacement is used to obtain the finishing allowance. Record the finishing allowance of each previously machined tooth groove to ensure that the finishing allowances of all tooth grooves are consistent after rough machining is completed, so as to avoid damage to the finishing tool caused by excessive difference in finishing allowance.

[0022] Furthermore, when verifying the rotation indexing error of the tooth groove to be processed, first install the standard finished cycloid wheel on the indexing plate, install the detection assembly to the set position, and adjust the position of the detection rod so that the displacement of the two detection needles is the same;

[0023] When rough machining a semi-finished product, compare the displacement difference of the two detection pins. If the difference is zero, it means that the indexing angle of the tooth groove to be machined meets the requirements compared with the previously machined tooth groove; if the difference is not zero, it means that the indexing angle of the tooth groove to be machined does not meet the requirements compared with the previously machined tooth groove, and continue to control the indexing plate to rotate slightly to correct it until the difference is zero.

[0024] Furthermore, a displacement sensor for detecting the axial displacement of the detection needle is provided on the detection rod.

[0025] Furthermore, the rough processing machine is provided with a slide rail and a double-cylinder piston assembly arranged along the radial direction of the indexing plate, a base is slidably provided on the slide rail, and the detection rod is installed on the base;

[0026] The double-cylinder piston assembly includes a first cylinder body and a second cylinder body that are connected to each other, and a reset assembly. A first piston is slidably arranged in the first cylinder body, and a second piston is slidably arranged in the second cylinder body. The cross-sectional area of the second cylinder body is smaller than that of the first cylinder body. The end of the first piston away from the second piston is fixedly connected to a protruding rod for elastically pressing against the peripheral wall of the semi-finished cycloid wheel to be processed on the indexing plate. The end of the second piston away from the first piston is fixedly connected to a push rod connected to the base.

[0027] Furthermore, the reset component includes:

[0028] a first return spring, provided between the connecting portion of the first cylinder and the second cylinder and the first piston;

[0029] The second return spring is arranged between the second piston and one end of the second cylinder away from the first cylinder. When the detection rod is pressed against the tooth groove of the semi-finished cycloid wheel, the second return spring is in a compressed state.

[0030] Furthermore, a smooth curved surface is provided on the side of the convex rod facing the rotation direction of the indexing plate.

[0031] Furthermore, a guide cylinder is fixed to the inner arc side of the arc plate, the detection needle is inserted into the guide cylinder, and a third return spring is provided on the outer sleeve of the guide cylinder. One end of the third return spring is fixed to the arc plate, and the other end is fixed to the end of the detection needle close to the detection rod.

[0032] The second aspect of the present application provides a reducer adopting the following technical solution:

[0033] A reducer is manufactured by the above-mentioned reducer production process.

[0034] In summary, the beneficial technical effects of this application are:

[0035] 1. By arranging multiple slotting cutters on the tool holder, it is possible to eliminate the need for feed operations when processing large-volume gear slots. The processing can be completed by simply using multiple gear shaping operations on the same tool position. This reduces the feed accuracy requirements for existing traditional gear shaping cutters, eliminates the need for extensive modification of existing traditional gear shaping cutters, and effectively controls processing costs.

[0036] 2. By extending the arc plate into the previously processed tooth groove, the two detection pins on the arc plate, which are symmetrically arranged about the tooth groove median line, are elastically pressed against the groove wall of the tooth groove, and then two displacement sensors respectively detect the displacement of the two detection pins. When the two displacements are the same, it means that the position of the insert on the tool holder aligned with the cycloid wheel semi-finished product is not skewed; when the two displacements are different, it means that the cycloid wheel has rotated too much or too little, and there is no need to stop the machine for maintenance. The dividing plate can be directly fine-tuned to ensure that the tooth groove positioning accuracy meets the requirements; moreover, each time a tooth groove is processed, the detection mechanism can perform a pre-detection to ensure the positioning accuracy of each tooth groove, thereby significantly improving the rough processing quality of the cycloid wheel semi-finished product.

[0037] 3. By abutting the outer contour of the rotating cycloid wheel semi-finished product with the protruding rod and utilizing the first and second cylinder bodies with different cross-sections, the curved plate and the detection needle thereon have a greater retraction stroke than the protruding rod when the cycloid wheel semi-finished product rotates. This means that the curved plate and the detection rod thereon are further away from the cycloid wheel semi-finished product. This effectively prevents direct contact between the curved plate and the detection needle and the cycloid wheel semi-finished product, ensuring the detection accuracy of the detection needle.

[0038] 4. The first piston moves to suck the fluid medium in the second cylinder, causing the second piston to drive the push rod to move toward the first cylinder. At the same time, the second piston also moves toward the first cylinder under the action of the compression deformation force of the second return spring, thereby having sufficient power to pull the base and the detection rod and arc plate and other components thereon toward the direction close to the cycloid wheel semi-finished product, and the reaction is more sensitive, so that the detection needle returns to the detection state of being tightly against the tooth groove, so that the rotation indexing accuracy of the cycloid wheel semi-finished product can be quickly detected after the cycloid wheel semi-finished product rotates, thereby ensuring the rough machining efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the gear shaping machine according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0040] Figure 2 is a bottom view of a multi-stage insert according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0041] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of part A;

[0042] Figure 4 It is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of an embodiment of the present application.

[0043] Description of reference numerals:

[0044] 11. Knife holder; 12. Knife insert;

[0045] 21. Detection rod; 22. Arc plate; 23. Detection needle; 24. Guide cylinder; 25. Third return spring;

[0046] 31. Machine platform; 32. Indexing plate; 33. Slide rail; 34. Base;

[0047] 41. First cylinder; 42. Second cylinder; 43. First piston; 44. Second piston; 45. Protruding rod; 451. Smooth curved surface; 46. Push rod; 47. First return spring; 48. Second return spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solution of this application in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of them. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0049] The embodiment of the present application discloses a process for producing a reducer. Figure 1 and Figure 2 , which includes the following steps:

[0050] S1. Cutting and heating the blank;

[0051] S2. The heated blank is stamped into a cycloid wheel blank;

[0052] S3. After punching out the inner hole, the cycloid wheel is forged in the cycloid wheel die and spheroidized and tempered to produce a semi-finished product;

[0053] S4. Rough machining of the inner hole and tooth profile of the semi-finished product;

[0054] S5. Heat treatment and finishing.

[0055] During the roughing of the tooth profile in step S4, at least three slotting knives 12 are vertically arranged on the tool holder 11. The cross-sectional areas of the gaps between the cutting profiles of the multiple slotting knives 12 and the walls of the tooth grooves of the finished cycloidal gear increase gradually from top to bottom. When the tool holder 11 is driven to reciprocate up and down to slot the gears, only one slotting knives 12 is in operation. Specifically, when the thickness of the slotting knives 12 is greater than the thickness of the semi-finished cycloidal gear to be machined, and each time at least one reciprocating stroke is completed, the tool holder 11 is driven downward to put the next slotting knives 12 above into operation.

[0056] After the rough machining of the first tooth groove is completed, after the cycloid wheel semi-finished product rotates to set the indexing angle, a detection component arranged along the radial direction of the cycloid wheel semi-finished product is embedded in the first machined tooth groove to detect the positioning accuracy of the current tooth groove to be machined.

[0057] Specifically, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 3 , the detection components include:

[0058] The detection rod 21 is arranged radially along the semi-finished cycloid wheel to be processed, and its extension line passes through the median line of the corresponding tooth groove arc;

[0059] The arc plate 22 has its inner arc top fixed on the detection rod 21, and is adapted to the arc surface of the tooth groove wall of the finished cycloid gear;

[0060] There are two detection needles 23 and they are arranged in a mirror image with the detection rod 21. The detection needle 23 is elastically mounted on the arc plate 22 and one end passes through the arc plate 22 and protrudes from the outer arc side of the arc plate 22; a displacement sensor for detecting the axial displacement of the detection needle 23 is provided on the detection rod 21.

[0061] When the detection assembly is installed to the set position, the displacement of a single detection pin 23 is used to verify the finishing allowance reserved for the previously processed tooth groove, and the displacement difference between the two detection pins 23 is used to verify the rotation indexing error of the tooth groove to be processed.

[0062] Among them, when verifying the finishing allowance reserved for the tooth groove, first install the standard finished cycloid wheel on the indexing plate 32, and install the detection component to the set position, record the displacement of the two detection needles 23, and set it as the standard depth displacement;

[0063] When rough machining the semi-finished product, record the displacement of the detection needle 23 and define it as the detection depth displacement. Difference between the standard depth displacement and the detection depth displacement is used to obtain the finishing allowance. Record the finishing allowance of each previously machined tooth groove to ensure that the finishing allowances of all tooth grooves are consistent after rough machining is completed, so as to avoid damage to the finishing tool caused by excessive difference in finishing allowance.

[0064] Among them, when verifying the rotation indexing error of the tooth groove to be processed, first install the standard finished cycloid wheel on the indexing plate 32, install the detection assembly to the set position, and adjust the position of the detection rod 21 so that the displacement of the two detection needles 23 is the same;

[0065] When rough machining a semi-finished product, the displacement difference of the two detection pins 23 is compared. If the difference is zero, it means that the indexing angle of the tooth groove to be machined meets the requirements compared with the previously machined tooth groove; if the difference is not zero, it means that the indexing angle of the tooth groove to be machined does not meet the requirements compared with the previously machined tooth groove, and the indexing plate 32 is continued to be controlled to rotate slightly to correct the difference to zero.

[0066] Therefore, when performing rough processing of the cycloidal wheel semi-finished product, the cycloidal wheel semi-finished product is first fixed on the indexing plate 32, and the reciprocating drive mechanism on the gear shaping machine drives the tool holder 11 to reciprocate in the vertical direction. The cycloidal wheel semi-finished product can be processed in the first order by the lowest slotting cutter 12 on the tool holder 11, and then the reciprocating drive mechanism is driven to move downward by the thickness of the slotting cutter 12, so that the second slotting cutter 12 from the lower right to the upper side is aligned with the cycloidal wheel semi-finished product, and then the reciprocating drive mechanism drives the tool holder 11 to reciprocate in the vertical direction, and ensures that the upper end face of the second slotting cutter 12 does not contact the cycloidal wheel semi-finished product, thereby performing the second order processing on the cycloidal wheel semi-finished product; the cycle is repeated until all the slotting cutters 12 on the tool holder 11 complete the gear shaping operation, and at this time, the processing of one tooth groove on the cycloidal wheel semi-finished product is completed. Therefore, by arranging multiple slotting cutters 12 on the cutter holder 11, it is possible to eliminate the need for feed operation when processing tooth grooves with a large punching amount, and the processing can be completed by multi-stage gear shaping on the same cutter position. The feed accuracy requirements of the existing traditional gear shaping cutters are relatively low, and there is no need to deeply modify the existing traditional gear shaping cutters, which can effectively control the processing costs.

[0067] Secondly, when machining subsequent tooth slots, the indexing plate 32 rotates the cycloidal wheel semi-finished product on it by a set indexing angle, so that the insert 12 on the tool holder 11 is aligned with the next tooth slot position on the cycloidal wheel semi-finished product. Before the insert 12 begins the tooth shaping operation, the curved plate 22 is inserted into the previously machined tooth slot, causing two detection pins 23 on the curved plate 22, arranged symmetrically about the tooth slot midline, to elastically press against the tooth slot wall. Two displacement sensors then measure the displacement of the two detection pins 23. If the two displacements are the same, it indicates that the insert 12 on the tool holder 11 is aligned with the cycloidal wheel semi-finished product without misalignment. If the two displacements are different, it indicates that the cycloidal wheel has been over-rotated or under-rotated. The indexing plate 32 can be fine-tuned directly without stopping the machine for maintenance to ensure that the tooth slot positioning accuracy meets the requirements. Moreover, the detection mechanism can pre-check each tooth slot before machining to ensure the positioning accuracy of each tooth slot, thereby significantly improving the rough machining quality of the cycloidal wheel semi-finished product.

[0068] Moreover, the displacement of a single detection needle 23 can be used to characterize the finishing allowance of each machined tooth groove, so as to perform secondary processing correction on the tooth groove that does not meet the finishing allowance, or to promptly check the cause of the machining error of the gear shaping machine, thereby further ensuring the rough machining quality of each cycloid wheel in mass production.

[0069] Considering that when the dividing plate 32 drives the cycloid wheel semi-finished product, the teeth of the cycloid wheel semi-finished product will push the arc plate 22 and the two detection needles 23 thereon, which may cause the detection needles 23 to suffer lateral stress and become skewed, ultimately affecting the detection accuracy.

[0070] For this purpose, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 4 The rough processing machine 31 is provided with a slide rail 33 and a double-cylinder piston assembly arranged radially along the dividing plate 32. A base 34 is slidably provided on the slide rail 33, and the detection rod 21 is installed on the base 34; wherein, the slide rail 33 is arranged parallel to the detection rod 21, and the double-cylinder piston assembly is used to extend the retraction of the detection rod 21 to ensure that the cycloid wheel semi-finished product will not directly contact the arc plate 22 and the detection needle 23 during the rotation process.

[0071] Specifically, the double-cylinder piston assembly includes a first cylinder body 41 and a second cylinder body 42 that are connected to each other, and a reset assembly, the axes of the first cylinder body 41 and the second cylinder body 42 are coplanar with the detection rod 21; a first piston 43 is slidably arranged in the first cylinder body 41, and a second piston 44 is slidably arranged in the second cylinder body 42, the cross-sectional area of the second cylinder body 42 is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the first cylinder body 41, specifically at least 2 times larger, and the first cylinder body 41 and the second cylinder body 42 are both filled with fluid medium, specifically compressed air or hydraulic oil; the end of the first piston 43 away from the second piston 44 is fixedly connected to a protruding rod 45 for elastically pressing against the peripheral wall of the cycloidal wheel semi-finished product to be processed on the dividing plate 32, and the end of the second piston 44 away from the first piston 43 is fixedly connected to a push rod 46 connected to the base 34, wherein a smooth curved surface 451 is provided on the side of the protruding rod 45 facing the rotation direction of the dividing plate 32, and the protruding rod 45 is located below the arc plate 22.

[0072] And, refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 , the reset components include:

[0073] A first return spring 47 is provided between the connecting portion between the first cylinder 41 and the second cylinder 42 and the first piston 43;

[0074] The second return spring 48 is provided between the second cylinder 42 and the second piston 44 at one end away from the first cylinder 41 . When the detection rod 21 is pressed against the tooth groove of the semi-finished cycloid wheel, the second return spring 48 is in a compressed state.

[0075] Thus, when the cycloid wheel semi-finished product rotates under the drive of the indexing plate 32, the convex rod 45 slides on the tooth grooves and tooth convex profiles of the cycloid wheel semi-finished product with the help of the smooth curved surface 451 thereon, so that the convex rod 45 pushes the first piston 43 in the first cylinder 41 to move toward the second cylinder 42, so that the fluid medium in the first cylinder 41 flows into the second cylinder 42; and because the cross-sectional area of the first cylinder 41 is much larger than the cross-sectional area of the second cylinder 42, the movement stroke of the second piston 44 in the second cylinder 42 is much greater. Due to the movement stroke of the first piston 43, the second piston 44 drives the base 34 to move on the slide rail 33 through the push rod 46, and the movement stroke is much greater than the retraction stroke of the protruding rod 45. Finally, when the cycloid wheel semi-finished product rotates, the arc plate 22 and the detection needle 23 thereon have a larger retraction stroke than the protruding rod 45, that is, the arc plate 22 and the detection rod 21 thereon are farther away from the cycloid wheel semi-finished product, which can effectively avoid direct contact between the arc plate 22 and the detection needle 23 and the cycloid wheel semi-finished product, thereby ensuring the detection accuracy of the detection needle 23.

[0076] When the cycloid wheel semi-finished product rotates until the previously processed tooth groove is aligned with the protruding rod 45, the first piston 43 moves in the direction away from the second cylinder body 42 under the action of the compressive deformation force of the first return spring 47, so that the protruding rod 45 is always pressed against the outer contour of the cycloid wheel semi-finished product. At this time, the first piston 43 sucks the fluid medium in the second cylinder body 42, prompting the second piston 44 to drive the push rod 46 to move toward the first cylinder body 41. At the same time, the second piston 44 also moves in the direction close to the first cylinder body 41 under the action of the compressive deformation force of the second return spring 48, so that there is enough power to pull the base 34 and its detection rod 21, curved plate 22 and other components toward the direction close to the cycloid wheel semi-finished product, and the response is more sensitive, thereby causing the detection needle 23 to return to the detection state of being pressed against the tooth groove, so that the rotation indexing accuracy of the cycloid wheel semi-finished product can be quickly detected, ensuring the rough machining efficiency.

[0077] In addition, when processing cycloid wheels of different sizes, it is only necessary to adjust the installation position of the detection rod 21 on the base 34 to ensure that when the protruding rod 45 is pressed against the cycloid wheel tooth groove, there is a gap between the arc plate 22 and the inner wall of the tooth groove to ensure the detection accuracy of the detection needle 23.

[0078] In addition, in order to facilitate the displacement detection of the detection needle 23, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 3 A guide cylinder 24 is fixedly connected to the inner arc side of the arc plate 22, and the detection needle 23 is inserted into the guide cylinder 24. A third return spring 25 is provided on the outer sleeve of the guide cylinder 24. One end of the third return spring 25 is fixedly connected to the arc plate 22, and the other end is fixedly connected to the end of the detection needle 23 close to the detection rod 21. When the third return spring 25 is in the initial state, the distance that the detection needle 23 protrudes from the outer arc side of the arc plate 22 does not exceed 5 mm, so as to ensure that the detection needle 23 will not hit the outer contour of the cycloid wheel semi-finished product when the cycloid wheel semi-finished product rotates.

[0079] Moreover, it needs to be further explained that the spring constants of the first return spring 47 and the second return spring 48 are much larger than the spring constant of the third return spring 25, so as to prevent the elastic force of the first return spring 47 and the second return spring 48 from attenuating after long-term operation and affecting the accuracy of the detection results of the detection needle 23.

[0080] An embodiment of the present application discloses a reducer, which is processed by the above-mentioned reducer production process.

[0081] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this application shall have the usual meanings understood by persons of ordinary skill in the field to which this application belongs. The words "first", "second", "third" and similar terms used in the specification and claims of this application do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. Words such as "one" or "a" do not indicate a quantity limitation, but rather indicate the existence of at least one. Words such as "include" or "comprise" mean that the elements or objects appearing before "include" or "comprises" cover the elements or objects listed after "include" or "comprises" and their equivalents, and do not exclude other elements or objects. "Up", "down", "left", "right" and the like are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0082] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, any equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A process for producing a reducer, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Cutting and heating the blank; S2. The heated blank is stamped into a cycloid wheel blank; S3. After punching out the inner hole, the cycloid wheel is forged in the cycloid wheel die and spheroidized and tempered to produce a semi-finished product; S4. Rough machining of the inner hole and tooth profile of the semi-finished product; S5. Heat treatment and finishing; When the tooth profile is rough-machined in step S4, at least three inserts (12) are vertically arranged on the tool holder (11), and the cross-sectional areas of the gaps between the cutting profiles of the plurality of inserts (12) and the tooth groove walls of the finished cycloid wheel increase gradually from top to bottom; and when the tool holder (11) is driven to move up and down to insert the gear, only one insert (12) is in a working state, and each time at least one reciprocating stroke is completed, the tool holder (11) is driven to move down and the next insert (12) located above is put into a working state; After the rough machining of the first tooth groove is completed, after the cycloid wheel semi-finished product is rotated to set the indexing angle, a detection component arranged along the radial direction of the cycloid wheel semi-finished product is embedded in the previously machined tooth groove to detect the positioning accuracy of the current tooth groove to be machined; The detection component includes: A detection rod (21) is arranged radially along the semi-finished cycloid wheel to be processed, and its extension line passes through the median line of the corresponding tooth groove arc; An arc-shaped plate (22), the inner arc top of which is fixed to the detection rod (21) and is adapted to the arc surface of the tooth groove wall of the finished cycloid wheel; Two detection needles (23) are provided and are arranged in a mirror image of the detection rod (21). The detection needles (23) are elastically mounted on the arc plate (22) and one end thereof passes through the arc plate (22) and protrudes from the outer arc side of the arc plate (22); When the detection assembly is installed at the set position, the displacement of a single detection needle (23) is used to verify the finishing allowance reserved for the previously processed tooth groove, and the displacement difference between the two detection needles (23) is used to verify the rotation indexing error of the current tooth groove to be processed; The rough processing machine (31) is provided with a slide rail (33) and a double-cylinder piston assembly radially arranged along the indexing plate (32); a base (34) is slidably provided on the slide rail (33); and the detection rod (21) is mounted on the base (34); The double-cylinder piston assembly comprises a first cylinder body (41) and a second cylinder body (42) which are connected to each other, and a reset assembly. A first piston (43) is slidably provided in the first cylinder body (41), and a second piston (44) is slidably provided in the second cylinder body (42). The cross-sectional area of the second cylinder body (42) is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the first cylinder body (41). An end of the first piston (43) away from the second piston (44) is fixedly connected to a protruding rod (45) for elastically pressing against the peripheral wall of the cycloid wheel semi-finished product to be processed on the indexing plate (32). An end of the second piston (44) away from the first piston (43) is fixedly connected to a push rod (46) connected to the base (34).

2. A process for producing a reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: When verifying the finishing allowance reserved for the tooth groove, the standard finished cycloid wheel is first installed on the indexing plate (32), and the detection component is installed to the set position, and the displacement of the two detection needles (23) is recorded and determined as the standard depth displacement; When rough machining a semi-finished product, the displacement of the detection needle (23) is recorded and defined as the detection depth displacement. The standard depth displacement is subtracted from the detection depth displacement to obtain the finishing allowance. The finishing allowance of each previously machined tooth groove is recorded to ensure that the finishing allowances of all tooth grooves are consistent after the rough machining is completed, so as to avoid damage to the finishing tool caused by excessive difference in finishing allowance.

3. A process for producing a reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: When verifying the rotation indexing error of the tooth groove to be processed, first install the standard finished cycloid wheel on the indexing plate (32), install the detection assembly to the set position, and adjust the position of the detection rod (21) so that the displacement of the two detection needles (23) is the same; When rough machining a semi-finished product, the displacement difference of the two detection needles (23) is compared. If the difference is zero, it means that the indexing angle of the tooth groove to be machined meets the requirements compared with the tooth groove previously machined. If the difference is not zero, it means that the indexing angle of the tooth groove to be machined does not meet the requirements compared with the tooth groove previously machined. The indexing plate (32) is further controlled to rotate slightly to correct the difference to zero.

4. A process for producing a reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection rod (21) is provided with a displacement sensor for detecting the axial displacement of the detection needle (23).

5. A process for producing a reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reset component includes: a first return spring (47) provided between the connecting portion of the first cylinder (41) and the second cylinder (42) and the first piston (43); The second return spring (48) is provided between the second cylinder (42) at one end away from the first cylinder (41) and the second piston (44). When the detection rod (21) is pressed against the tooth groove of the cycloid wheel semi-finished product, the second return spring (48) is in a compressed state.

6. A process for producing a reducer according to claim 4, characterized in that: A smooth curved surface (451) is provided on the side of the convex rod (45) facing the rotation direction of the indexing plate (32).

7. A process for producing a reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: A guide cylinder (24) is fixedly connected to the inner arc side of the arc plate (22), the detection needle (23) is inserted into the guide cylinder (24), and a third return spring (25) is provided on the outer sleeve of the guide cylinder (24), one end of the third return spring (25) is fixedly connected to the arc plate (22), and the other end is fixedly connected to an end of the detection needle (23) close to the detection rod (21).

8. A reducer manufactured by the reducer production process according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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