Glass and plastic laser welding method and system based on nano coating

Abstract

The invention discloses a glass and plastic laser welding method based on a nano coating. The laser welding method comprises the following steps: coating a layer of nano coating on a welding interface of glass; laser parameters of a laser are set, and corresponding laser is emitted based on the laser parameters; wherein the laser parameters comprise laser power, pulse frequency and scanning speed; the face, coated with the nanometer coating, of the glass is tightly attached to the welding interface of the plastic; and the laser is irradiated on the welding interface of the plastic, so that the welding interface of the plastic is melted, and then the welding interface of the plastic is tightly combined with the nano coating. According to the invention, high-strength and high-precision connection of the glass and the plastic is realized through the interface modification effect of the nano coating in combination with a laser welding technology.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of laser welding, and particularly to a laser welding method and system for glass and plastic based on a nano - coating. Background Art

[0002] Glass and plastic are important materials widely used in industries, medical treatment, electronics and other fields. The traditional connection methods for glass and plastic mainly include the following:

[0003] 1. Adhesive connection: Using adhesives such as epoxy resin and polyurethane glue to bond glass and plastic. This method is easy to operate, but has the following disadvantages: The adhesive is prone to aging, and the bonding strength decreases after long - term use; The curing time of the adhesive is long, resulting in low production efficiency of products; The adhesive may release harmful substances and is not suitable for medical, food and other fields.

[0004] 2. Mechanical fixation: Fixing glass and plastic through mechanical structures such as bolts and buckles. The disadvantages of this method are: It increases the weight and volume, affecting the aesthetics of the product; It is difficult to achieve a sealed connection, and air leakage or liquid leakage problems are likely to occur.

[0005] 3. Traditional welding methods: Such as hot - plate welding or ultrasonic welding. The disadvantages of this method are: Hot - plate welding is prone to generating thermal stress, resulting in material deformation or cracking; Ultrasonic welding has high requirements for material thickness and shape, and its applicable range is limited.

[0006] In summary, it is difficult for the existing technology to achieve low - cost and high - efficiency connection of glass and plastic. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To overcome the deficiencies of the above - mentioned existing technology, the present invention provides a laser welding method and system for glass and plastic based on a nano - coating to solve at least one of the above - mentioned technical problems.

[0008] According to one aspect of the specification of the present invention, a laser welding method for glass and plastic based on a nano - coating is provided. The laser welding method includes: Coating a nano - coating on the welding interface of the glass; Setting the laser parameters of the laser device to emit corresponding laser based on the laser parameters; wherein, the laser parameters include laser power, pulse frequency, and scanning speed; Closely fitting the side of the glass coated with the nano - coating to the welding interface of the plastic; Melting the welding interface of the plastic by irradiating the welding interface of the plastic with the laser, and then tightly combining it with the nano - coating.

[0009] Further, the laser welding method further includes: One of the plastic and the glass is a transparent material, and the laser penetrates the transparent plastic or glass and irradiates on the welding interface of the plastic.

[0010] Further, the laser welding method further includes: cleaning the welding interface of the glass and the plastic; uniformly coating a nano-coating on the cleaned welding interface of the glass.

[0011] Further, the laser welding method further includes: pre-curing the nano-coating at 60°-100° for 5-10 minutes.

[0012] Further, the laser is used to emit infrared laser with a wavelength in the range of 1450-2500 nanometers.

[0013] Further, the laser welding method further includes: slowly cooling the welded joint of the plastic and the glass.

[0014] Further, the laser parameters further include the spot diameter, and setting the laser parameters includes: by means of beam shaping technology, focusing the laser into a spot with a preset diameter.

[0015] Further, the glass includes soda-lime glass, silicon crystal glass, borosilicate glass, quartz glass or silicon crystal glass.

[0016] Further, the plastic includes polycarbonate, polymethyl methacrylate, polyurethane or polyethylene terephthalate.

[0017] According to one aspect of the specification of the present invention, there is provided a laser welding system for glass and plastic based on a nano-coating. The laser welding system includes a clamping device, a laser and a controller; the clamping device is used to closely fit the side of the glass coated with the nano-coating to the welding interface of the plastic; the laser is used to emit laser with the set laser parameters; the controller is used to control the laser irradiation of the laser on the welding interface of the plastic to melt the welding interface of the plastic, and then closely combine with the nano-coating; wherein, the laser parameters include laser power, pulse frequency, and scanning speed.

[0018] Through the interface modification effect of the nano-coating and combined with the laser welding technology, the above technical solution realizes the high-strength and high-precision connection of glass and plastic.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0020] (1) High-strength connection: Through the interface modification effect of the nano-coating, the welding strength can reach 15-20 MPa;

[0021] (2) High-precision welding: Using the laser welding technology, the welding area has high precision, small heat affected zone, and no material deformation or cracking;

[0022] (3) High efficiency: The welding process does not require long-term curing, which can increase the production rhythm and achieve rapid automated production.

[0023] (4) Wide applicability: It is applicable to the welding of glass and transparent plastics or transparent glass and non-transparent plastics, and can be widely used in the fields of optical devices, medical devices, electronic products, etc. Description of the Drawings

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a laser welding system for glass and plastics based on a nano-coating provided in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 It is a flowchart of a laser welding method for glass and plastics based on a nano-coating provided in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] In the figure: 1. Glass; 2. Nano-coating; 3. Plastic; 4. Clamping device; 5. Laser; 100. Laser welding system. Detailed Embodiments

[0027] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc. indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0029] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the terms "installation", "connection", and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or can communicate with each other; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0030] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the first feature being "on" or "under" the second feature may include the direct contact between the first and second features, or may include the situation where the first and second features are not in direct contact but in contact through additional features therebetween. Moreover, the first feature being "above", "over" and "on top of" the second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicates that the horizontal height of the first feature is higher than that of the second feature. The first feature being "under", "beneath" and "underneath" the second feature includes that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or merely indicates that the horizontal height of the first feature is lower than that of the second feature.

[0031] Please refer to the appended Figure 1 , the present invention provides a laser welding system 100 for glass and plastic based on a nano-coating. The laser welding system 100 includes a clamping device 4, a laser 5, and a controller (not shown in the figure). The controller is connected to the clamping device 4 and the laser 5. The clamping device 4 is used to closely fit the side of the glass 1 coated with the nano-coating 2 to the welding interface of the plastic 3. The laser 5 is used to emit laser with set laser parameters. The controller is used to control the laser of the laser 5 to irradiate on the welding interface of the plastic 3 to melt the welding interface of the plastic 3, and then closely combine with the nano-coating 2; wherein, the laser parameters include laser power, pulse frequency, and scanning speed.

[0032] In this embodiment, a transparent plastic with a thickness of 1 mm and a material of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) and a soda-lime glass with a thickness of 1 mm are selected as the welding materials. In some other feasible embodiments, the plastic 3 can also be polycarbonate (PC), polyurethane (PU), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), etc., and the glass 1 can also be silicon crystal glass, borosilicate glass, quartz glass, or silicon crystal glass, etc. In addition, the thicknesses of the plastic 3 and the glass 1 can be set according to actual needs and are not limited herein.

[0033] Please refer to the appended Figure 2 , the present invention provides a laser welding method for glass and plastic based on a nano-coating, which combines the nano-coating and laser welding to achieve high-strength and high-precision connection between glass and plastic, including the following steps (Steps S101 - S107):

[0034] Step S101, apply a nano-coating on the welding interface of the glass.

[0035] In step S101, before applying the nano - coating, the welding interface between the glass 1 and the plastic 3 needs to be cleaned to remove surface contaminants, and then a layer of nano - coating 2 is evenly applied on the cleaned welding interface of the glass 1. In this embodiment, the thickness of the nano - coating 2 is 1 - 5 microns. It can be understood that the thickness of the nano - coating 2 can be set according to actual needs and is not limited herein. In addition, the nano - coating 2 also needs to be pre - cured at 60° - 100° for 5 - 10 minutes. Preferably, the nano - coating 2 is pre - cured at a temperature of 80 degrees for 5 minutes. It can be understood that pre - curing makes the nano - coating 2 initially fixed on the surface of the glass 1, forming a uniform interface layer to prevent the nano - coating 2 from flowing or falling off during subsequent operations.

[0036] Step S103, set the laser parameters of the laser to emit corresponding laser based on the laser parameters; wherein, the laser parameters include laser power, pulse frequency, and scanning speed.

[0037] In step S103, the laser parameters also include the spot diameter. Through beam shaping technology, the laser spot is focused into a circular spot with a preset diameter. In this embodiment, the laser power is set to 50 - 200W, the pulse frequency is 20Hz, the scanning speed is 100 - 200mm / s, and the spot diameter is 8mm. It can be understood that the laser power, pulse frequency, scanning speed, and spot diameter can also be adjusted to other values according to actual needs and are not limited herein. It should be noted that through precise control of these laser parameters, precise heating of the welding part can be achieved, ensuring uniform laser energy distribution and avoiding thermal stress concentration. This characteristic makes laser welding, compared with traditional hot - plate welding, effectively reduce the risk of material deformation and cracking. At the same time, compared with traditional ultrasonic welding, laser welding has lower requirements for the thickness and shape of the material. As long as the laser can reach and act on the welding interface, the welding operation can be completed, showing stronger versatility and adaptability, and being able to meet the welding requirements of various different specifications and shapes of glass 1 and plastic 3.

[0038] In addition, the laser 5 selected is an infrared laser with a wavelength in the range of 1450 - 2500 nanometers. It can be understood that laser welding uses the energy of the laser to melt the welding interface of the plastic 3 to achieve connection. However, the welding interface of the plastic 3 is located on the inner side of the plastic 3 close to the glass 1, and the laser needs to pass through the transparent glass 1 or plastic 3 to reach the welding interface of the plastic 3. In this embodiment, an infrared laser with a wavelength in the range of 1450 - 2500 nanometers is selected because the infrared laser with a wavelength in the range of 1450 - 2500 nanometers has strong penetration ability. The interaction between the laser in this wavelength range and the transparent glass 1 or plastic 3 is weak, and the glass 1 or plastic 3 absorbs less of it, so the laser can relatively easily pass through the transparent glass 1 or plastic 3 to reach the welding interface of the plastic 3.

[0039] In step S105, the side of the glass coated with the nano - coating is closely attached to the welding interface of the plastic.

[0040] In step S105, the glass 1 coated with the nano - coating 2 is closely attached to the welding interface of the plastic 3 through the clamping device 4, and a pressure of 0.2 MPa is applied. It can be understood that since the laser needs to pass through the clamping device 4, and then through the plastic 3 or the glass 1 to reach the welding interface of the plastic 3. Therefore, the clamping device 4 is made of a transparent material, and one of the plastic 3 and the glass 1 is a transparent material. If both are opaque, the laser cannot reach the welding interface of the plastic 3, and the welding interface of the plastic 3 cannot be melted; if both are transparent, there is no medium to absorb the laser energy, and it is also difficult to generate enough heat to achieve welding. Only when one of the glass 1 and the plastic 3 is transparent can the laser smoothly penetrate the transparent glass 1 or plastic 3, reach the welding interface of the plastic 3, and be converted into heat energy to melt the welding interface of the plastic 3, thereby achieving welding. Therefore, the present invention can be applied to the welding of glass and transparent plastic or transparent glass and non - transparent plastic, and can thus be widely used in fields such as optical devices, medical devices, and electronic products.

[0041] In step S107, the welding interface of the plastic is melted by irradiating the welding interface of the plastic with the laser, and then tightly combined with the nano - coating.

[0042] In step S107, the present invention will take the plastic 3 as a transparent material for illustration. The controller controls the laser of the laser device 5 to penetrate the transparent plastic 3 and irradiate on the welding interface of the plastic 3. The laser energy is absorbed by the welding interface of the plastic 3, the temperature of the welding interface of the plastic 3 rises rapidly, the welding interface of the plastic 3 is melted, and thus tightly combined with the nano - coating 2, and then the connection between the glass 1 and the plastic 3 can be quickly achieved. Compared with the traditional connection method (such as the adhesive connection method), it does not need to go through a long curing process to form a firm connection, thus greatly shortening the production time and improving the production efficiency.

[0043] In this embodiment, through the interfacial modification of the nano-coating 2 and in combination with the laser welding technology, a high-strength and high-precision connection between the glass 1 and the plastic 3 is achieved. It should be noted that the interfacial modification of the nano-coating 2 lies in that the active groups (such as isocyanate) in the nano-coating 2 react chemically with the active groups (such as hydroxyl groups and carboxyl groups) on the surfaces of the glass 1 and the plastic 3 to form covalent bonds, thereby enhancing the interfacial bonding force between the glass 1 and the plastic 3. At the same time, the plastic 3 has good wettability in the molten state and can uniformly cover the surface of the glass 1 coated with the nano-coating 2, reducing interfacial defects. In addition, the molten plastic 3 and the nano-coating 2 are tightly combined through van der Waals forces and form a mechanical interlock after cooling, further enhancing the bonding strength between the glass 1 and the plastic 3.

[0044] In addition, after welding, it is also necessary to slowly cool the welded joint between the plastic 3 and the glass 1 to reduce residual stress. It should be noted that during the laser welding process, the welded area undergoes a rapid heating and cooling process, which may cause residual stress to be generated inside the material. Slow cooling allows the material at the welded joint to have sufficient time for stress relaxation, reducing the accumulation of residual stress, thereby improving the quality and reliability of the welding and avoiding problems such as material deformation and cracking caused by excessive residual stress.

[0045] In this embodiment, a tensile testing machine is also used to test the welding strength between the glass 1 and the plastic 3. The test results show that the welding strength between the glass 1 and the plastic 3 reaches 15 MPa. It should be noted that the tensile testing machine applies a tensile force to the combined body of the welded glass 1 and plastic 3 and measures the ability of the combined body of the glass 1 and the plastic 3 to resist damage under the tensile force, so as to evaluate the welding strength. Therefore, the welding strength between the glass 1 and the plastic 3 reaching 15 MPa indicates that the glass 1 and the plastic 3 have formed a stable connection, meeting the basic requirements for the connection strength in practical applications.

[0046] In this embodiment, the welded glass 1 and plastic 3 are also placed in an environment of -30° - 80° for cyclic testing for 7 days. The test results show that the welding strength between the glass 1 and the plastic 3 does not decrease significantly. It can be understood that after the combined body of the glass 1 and the plastic 3 undergoes multiple temperature cycles, the welding strength can still be maintained within a certain qualified range, indicating that this welding process has good durability, can adapt to a relatively complex temperature environment, and the product has high reliability during long-term use.

[0047] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some or all of the technical features. These modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A laser welding method for glass and plastic based on a nano - coating, characterized in that, The laser welding method includes: Coating a nano - coating on the welding interface of the glass; Setting the laser parameters of the laser to emit corresponding laser based on the laser parameters; wherein, the laser parameters include laser power, pulse frequency, and scanning speed; Closely fitting the side of the glass coated with the nano - coating to the welding interface of the plastic; Melting the welding interface of the plastic by irradiating the plastic welding interface with the laser, and then closely combining it with the nano - coating.

2. The laser welding method for glass and plastic based on a nano - coating according to claim 1, characterized in that, The laser welding method further includes: One of the plastic and the glass is a transparent material, and the laser penetrates the transparent plastic or glass and irradiates on the welding interface of the plastic.

3. A laser welding method for glass and plastic based on a nano - coating according to claim 1, characterized in that, The laser welding method further includes: Cleaning the welding interfaces of the glass and the plastic; Uniformly coating a nano - coating on the cleaned welding interface of the glass.

4. The laser welding method for glass and plastic based on a nano - coating according to claim 3, characterized in that, The laser welding method further includes: Pre - curing the nano - coating at 60° - 100° for 5 - 10 minutes.

5. A laser welding method for glass and plastic based on a nano - coating according to claim 1, characterized in that, The laser is used to emit infrared laser with a wavelength in the range of 1450 - 2500 nanometers.

6. The laser welding method of glass and plastic based on nano - coating according to claim 1, wherein, The laser welding method further includes: Slowly cooling the welded joint of the plastic and the glass.

7. The laser welding method of glass and plastic based on a nano-coating according to claim 1, characterized in that, The laser parameters further include spot diameter, and setting the laser parameters includes: Focusing the laser into a spot with a preset diameter through beam shaping technology.

8. The laser welding method for glass and plastic based on a nano - coating according to claim 1, characterized in that, The glass includes soda - lime glass, silicon crystal glass, borosilicate glass, quartz glass or silicon crystal glass.

9. The laser welding method for glass and plastic based on a nano - coating according to claim 1, characterized in that, The plastic includes polycarbonate, polymethyl methacrylate, polyurethane or polyethylene terephthalate.

10. A laser welding system for glass and plastic based on a nano - coating, characterized in that, The laser welding system includes a clamping device, a laser, and a controller; the clamping device is used to closely fit the side of the glass coated with the nano - coating to the welding interface of the plastic; the laser is used to emit laser with the set laser parameters; the controller is used to control the laser of the laser to irradiate on the welding interface of the plastic to melt the welding interface of the plastic, and then closely combine it with the nano - coating; wherein, the laser parameters include laser power, pulse frequency, and scanning speed.

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