Vehicle-mounted wiring system for vehicle and vehicle

Abstract

The invention relates to a vehicle-mounted wiring system for a vehicle and the vehicle, and the vehicle-mounted wiring system comprises a plurality of first photoelectric conversion modules which are connected with a control module of a main control board of the vehicle; one end of the first cable is connected with the plurality of first photoelectric conversion modules, and the other end of the first cable is provided with a first connector; the branch optical fiber patch cord comprises a second connector connected with the first connector and a plurality of third connectors opposite to the second connector; the plurality of second cables comprise fourth connectors connected with the third connectors and fifth connectors opposite to the fourth connectors; and the photoelectric adapter is integrated with a second photoelectric conversion module and is used for connecting the fifth connector and the functional module. According to the invention, the defects of the traditional transmission mode in the aspects of anti-interference capability, transmission bandwidth, transmission rate, wiring complexity, light weight and the like are overcome, so that the requirements of an automatic driving system and a vehicle-mounted audio-video entertainment system are better met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] Embodiments of the present invention relate to the field of vehicles. More specifically, the present invention relates to an in-vehicle wiring system for a vehicle and a vehicle including the in-vehicle wiring system. Background Art

[0002] With the development of automotive intelligence and networking, vehicles implementing autonomous driving play an increasingly important role. These advanced vehicle systems typically include a main control board and multiple functional modules distributed at different positions in the vehicle. These modules not only include sensing modules (such as cameras, radars, etc.) for real-time acquisition of road conditions around the vehicle, but also increasingly include audio-visual modules (such as displays, speakers, etc.) that need to process and play high-definition and high-quality audio-visual data.

[0003] To achieve a higher level of autonomous driving technology (such as L4 and above in compliance with the SAE J3016 "Levels of Driving Automation" standard), the main control board needs to process a large amount of data from more types and higher-performance sensing modules. At the same time, to play high-definition videos and high-fidelity audio, the bandwidth requirements of the audio-visual modules are also increasing continuously. This not only places higher requirements on the processing ability of the main control board, but also poses severe challenges to the in-vehicle wiring system between the main control board and each sensing module and audio-visual module.

[0004] Traditional in-vehicle wiring systems usually use copper wire cable bundles for electrical signal transmission. This electrical signal transmission technology is not only vulnerable to interference, resulting in signal distortion, but also difficult to meet the requirements of higher-level autonomous driving technology and improving the in-vehicle audio-visual entertainment experience in terms of bandwidth and transmission rate. In addition, this electrical signal transmission technology also connects multiple functional modules distributed throughout the vehicle to the main control board through independent cables, resulting in an extremely complex, large, and heavy wiring harness structure, increasing the installation difficulty, cost, and weight of the wiring harness structure. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To solve one or more of the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides an in-vehicle wiring system for a vehicle and a vehicle including the in-vehicle wiring system, which overcomes the deficiencies of traditional electrical signal transmission methods in terms of anti-interference ability, transmission bandwidth, transmission rate, wiring complexity, and lightweight, thereby better meeting the requirements of high quality, high reliability, and high efficiency of signal transmission for autonomous driving systems and in-vehicle audio-visual entertainment systems.

[0006] According to a first aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides an in-vehicle wiring system for a vehicle, which is used to connect the functional modules of the vehicle to the main control board of the main control unit of the vehicle, wherein the functional modules include sensing modules and / or audio-visual modules, and the in-vehicle wiring system includes:

[0007] A plurality of first optoelectronic conversion modules, whose electrical signal terminals are connected to the control module of the main control board;

[0008] A first cable, one end of which is connected to the optical signal terminals of the plurality of first optoelectronic conversion modules, and the other end has a first connector serving as an external interface of the main control unit;

[0009] A branch fiber optic jumper, which includes a second connector and a plurality of third connectors opposite to the second connector, and the second connector is docked with the first connector; and

[0010] A plurality of second cables, which include a fourth connector and a fifth connector opposite to each other, the fourth connector of each second cable is used to dock with the third connector, and its fifth connector is used to connect to the functional module;

[0011] Wherein, the vehicle-mounted wiring system further includes a second optoelectronic conversion module integrated in the fifth connector or the functional module, or an optoelectronic adapter integrated with the second optoelectronic conversion module and used to connect the fifth connector and the functional module.

[0012] A possible way is that the vehicle-mounted wiring system further includes: a first adapter, the first adapter is fixed on the main control board, the first adapter has a channel, and the first connector and the second connector are arranged to be inserted into the channel of the first adapter from both sides of the first adapter and dock within the channel of the first adapter.

[0013] A possible way is that the first cable further includes a plurality of first cross-connectors, and the sub-cables of the first cable are connected to the optical signal terminals of the first optoelectronic conversion modules through the first cross-connectors.

[0014] A possible way is that the first optoelectronic conversion module includes a first optoelectronic coupling element arranged on the main control board and connected to the control module through conductive traces in the main control board, and a first optical component arranged on the main control board and at least covering the first optoelectronic coupling element, and the first cross-connector is connected to the first optical component to keep the sub-cables of each first cable in a state of docking with the first optical component, so that the first optical component can transmit optical signals between the sub-cables of each first cable and the first optoelectronic coupling element.

[0015] A possible way is that the third connector includes a duplex fiber optic connector and / or a simplex fiber optic connector, and the types of the plurality of third connectors are the same or different.

[0016] A possible way is that the number of branches of the branch fiber optic jumper is greater than or equal to the number of the plurality of second cables.

[0017] A possible way is,

[0018] The second optoelectronic conversion module includes a circuit board, a second optoelectronic coupling element disposed on the circuit board, and a second optical component disposed on the circuit board and at least covering the second optoelectronic coupling element;

[0019] The optoelectronic adapter includes:

[0020] A housing having a receiving cavity and a bayonet structure, and the second optoelectronic conversion module is disposed in the receiving cavity of the housing;

[0021] An electrical connector, a first part of which is disposed in the receiving cavity of the housing and is connected to the second optoelectronic coupling element of the second optoelectronic conversion module through the circuit board, and a second part of which is disposed outside the housing and is connected to the functional module; and

[0022] An optical connector, a first part of which is disposed in the receiving cavity of the housing and is connected to the second optical component of the second optoelectronic conversion module, and a second part of which is disposed in the bayonet structure of the housing, so that the second part of the optical connector can be connected to the fifth connector when the bayonet structure is engaged with the fifth connector.

[0023] In a possible way, in the receiving cavity, the second optical component is disposed between the optical connector and the second optoelectronic coupling element. The optical connector includes a plurality of ferrules that penetrate from the receiving cavity into the bayonet structure and are perpendicular to the second optoelectronic coupling element of the second optoelectronic conversion module, and a plurality of straight optical fibers with a first end fixedly disposed in the corresponding ferrule and a second end connected to the second optical component; or

[0024] In the receiving cavity, the electrical connector and the optical connector are respectively disposed on two sides of the plane where the second optoelectronic coupling element of the second optoelectronic conversion module is located. The optical connector includes a plurality of ferrules that penetrate from the receiving cavity into the bayonet structure and are parallel to the second optoelectronic coupling element of the second optoelectronic conversion module, and a plurality of bent optical fibers with a first end fixedly disposed in the corresponding ferrule and a second end connected to the second optical component. Each bent optical fiber includes a bending portion that is between its first end and second end and is completely located in the receiving cavity.

[0025] In a possible way, the distance between the ferrule and the circuit board is greater than or equal to twice the minimum bending radius of each bent optical fiber. The electrical connector includes a plurality of conductive pins fixed on the second optoelectronic conversion module and penetrating through the housing, and the plurality of conductive pins are used to insert into a plurality of conductive jacks of the functional module.

[0026] According to the second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a vehicle, which includes the in-vehicle wiring system according to the first aspect of the present invention.

[0027] The vehicle and the in-vehicle wiring system therefor mentioned above convert electrical signals and optical signals at the main control board and the location of the functional modules through the first optoelectronic conversion module and the second optoelectronic conversion module, enabling the first cable, the branch fiber optic jumper, and the second cable using optical fiber as the main transmission medium to transmit optical signals between the first optoelectronic conversion module and the second optoelectronic conversion module. Since optical fiber has many advantages such as strong anti-interference ability, small signal attenuation, large bandwidth, and high rate when transmitting data, it can not only ensure that the surrounding road condition data obtained by the sensing modules (such as cameras and radars) can be accurately and stably transmitted to the main control board, better meeting the requirements of high-level autonomous driving technology for high-quality, highly reliable, and high-efficiency signal transmission, thus ensuring that the vehicle can achieve a higher level of autonomous driving technology, but also ensure that the main control board transmits high-definition and high-quality audio-visual data to the audio-visual module, so that the audio-visual module (such as a display and a speaker) can present videos more clearly and play audio with higher quality. At the same time, the cooperation of the branch fiber optic jumper and the second cable ensures that multiple functional modules distributed throughout the vehicle can be connected to the main control board through the first cable and the first optoelectronic conversion module, effectively reducing the number of cables required from the main control board to each functional module, simplifying the wiring layout inside the vehicle, and reducing the wiring complexity, installation difficulty, and overall weight. Description of the Drawings

[0028] By reading the following detailed description with reference to the accompanying drawings, the above and other objects, features, and advantages of the exemplary embodiments of the present invention will become readily understood. In the drawings, several embodiments of the present invention are shown in an exemplary rather than restrictive manner, and the same or corresponding reference numerals represent the same or corresponding parts, wherein:

[0029] Figure 1 is the application scenario of the in-vehicle wiring system for a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 shows Figure 1 the main control board and the first cable of the vehicle shown;

[0031] Figure 3 is Figure 1 the exploded view of the optoelectronic adapter of the in-vehicle wiring system shown; and

[0032] Figure 4 is Figure 1 the cross-sectional view of the optoelectronic adapter of the in-vehicle wiring system shown.

[0033] Description of reference numerals: 1. Vehicle wiring system; 2. Functional module; 3. Main control board; 31. Control module; 11. First optoelectronic conversion module; 111. First optoelectronic coupling element; 112. First optical component; 12. First cable; 121. First connector; 122. First jumper; 13. Branch optical fiber jumper; 131. Second connector; 132. Third connector; 14. Second cable; 141. Fourth connector; 142. Fifth connector; 15. Optoelectronic adapter; 151. Housing; 151a. Accommodation cavity; 151b. Bayonet structure; 1511. First housing; 1512. Attached cover; 1513. Second housing; 152. Electrical connector; 153. Optical connector; 1531. Ferrule; 1532. Bent optical fiber; 1532a. Starting point; 1532b. End point; 1532c. Selection point; 155. Second optoelectronic conversion module; 1551. Second optoelectronic coupling element; 1552. Second optical component; 1553. Second jumper; 1554. Circuit board. Detailed implementation manners

[0034] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present disclosure. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, rather than all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present disclosure without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present disclosure.

[0035] Figure 1 This is the application scenario of the vehicle wiring system for vehicles in the embodiments of the present invention. As Figure 1 shown, the vehicle wiring system 1 is used to connect the functional module 2 of the vehicle to the main control board 3 of the main control unit of the vehicle, where the functional module 2 includes a sensing module and / or an audio-visual module. At least the sensing module includes a camera for acquiring road video data and / or a radar for measuring the distance data between people and objects and the vehicle, etc., and the audio-visual module includes a display screen for playing high-definition videos and / or a speaker for playing high-quality audio. Optionally, the functional module also includes a control unit for controlling the components of the vehicle, such as control components for controlling the engine, windows, interior lights, and vehicle seats. Still optionally, the sensing module also includes components for collecting the working states of vehicle components.

[0036] As Figure 1As shown, the in-vehicle wiring system 1 can be used to send the surrounding road condition data obtained by the sensing module to the main control board 3 through the in-vehicle wiring system 1, so that the main control board 3 can control the vehicle to implement autonomous driving (including assisted driving) based on the surrounding road condition data. At the same time, the in-vehicle wiring system 1 is used to transmit the high-definition and high-quality audio-visual data (such as reverse image) received by the main control board 3 to the audio-visual module, so that the audio-visual module (such as a display and a speaker) can present the video more clearly and play the audio with higher quality. In addition, the main control board 3 can also generate control signals such as turn on, turn off, and adjust, and send them to the function module 2 through the in-vehicle wiring system 1 to achieve the purpose of controlling the function module 2.

[0037] In order to overcome the deficiencies of the traditional electrical signal transmission method in terms of anti-interference ability, transmission bandwidth, transmission rate, wiring complexity, and lightweight, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the above-mentioned in-vehicle wiring system 1 mainly uses optical fiber as the signal transmission medium. Specifically, the in-vehicle wiring system 1 includes a plurality of first optoelectronic conversion modules 11. The electrical signal terminals of each first optoelectronic conversion module 11 are connected to the control module 31 of the main control board 3. The first optoelectronic conversion module 11 can not only receive the electrical signals (such as the above control signals) sent by the control module 31, convert them into optical signals and then output them outward, but also convert the received optical signals (such as the above surrounding road conditions or high-definition and high-quality audio-visual data) into electrical signals and send them to the control module 31, so that the control module 31 can implement autonomous driving and / or audio-visual playback. Among them, the so-called control module 31 is generally selected as an electronic control unit dedicated to vehicle control (English full name Electronic Control Unit, abbreviated as ECU), but it is not limited to this, and it can also be implemented by the combination of a general-purpose processor ("CPU") and a dedicated processor (such as "GPU"), etc.

[0038] Such as Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the in-vehicle wiring system 1 further includes a first cable 12 with one end connected to the optical signal ends of a plurality of first optoelectronic conversion modules 11 and the other end having a first connector 121, where the first connector 121 can serve as an external interface for the vehicle's main control unit. The first optoelectronic conversion modules 11 and the first connector 121 are connected by means of the sub-cables (including optical fibers) of the first cable 12, enabling optical signals to be transmitted between the first optoelectronic conversion modules 11 and the first connector 121 through these sub-cables. As an example, the first cable 12 further includes a plurality of first cross-connectors 122, and the sub-cables of the first cable 12 are connected to the optical signal ends of the first optoelectronic conversion modules 11 through the first cross-connectors 122. The first cross-connectors 122 can ensure a tighter connection between the sub-cables and the first optoelectronic conversion modules 11, reducing signal transmission losses and interference during the signal transmission process, and also facilitating maintenance and replacement. Preferably, the sub-cables of the first cable 12 can be fixed to the main control board 3 by means of bonding, snap connection, etc., to reduce adverse situations such as the sub-cables being pulled off or disconnected due to vehicle vibration.

[0039] The in-vehicle wiring system 1 further includes a branch optical fiber jumper 13 and a plurality of second cables 14. The branch optical fiber jumper 13 includes a second connector 131 docked with the first connector 121 and a plurality of third connectors 132 opposite to the second connector 131. The second cable 14 includes a fourth connector 141 connected to the third connector 132 and a fifth connector 142 opposite to the fourth connector 141 and used to be directly or indirectly connected to the functional module 2. The cooperation of the branch optical fiber jumper 13 and the second cable 14 ensures that a plurality of functional modules 2 dispersed throughout the vehicle can be connected to the main control board 3 through the first cable 12 and the first optoelectronic conversion modules 11, effectively reducing the number of cables required from the main control board 3 to each functional module 2, simplifying the wiring harness layout inside the vehicle, and reducing the wiring complexity, installation difficulty, and overall weight. Among them, the number of sub-cables of the first cable 12 should be greater than or equal to the number of sub-cables of the branch optical fiber jumper 13, but preferably they are equal to achieve a one-to-one connection and avoid the problem of resource waste. The lengths of the plurality of second cables 14 can be selected to be the same or different. When their lengths are different, the in-vehicle wiring system 1 can adaptively connect a plurality of functional modules 2 dispersed throughout the vehicle based on their distances to each functional module.

[0040] The vehicle-mounted wiring system 1 further includes a second optoelectronic conversion module 155 integrated in the fifth connector 142 or the functional module 2, or an optoelectronic adapter 15 integrated with the second optoelectronic conversion module 155. Among them, the second optoelectronic conversion module 155 can not only convert the electrical signals (such as video data) sent by the functional module 2 into optical signals, so as to transmit the optical signals to the first optoelectronic conversion module 11 through the second cable 14, the branch optical fiber jumper 13, the first cable 12, etc., but also convert the optical signals (control data) from the branch optical fiber jumper 13 into electrical signals, and perform operations such as turning on and off the functional module 2.

[0041] In Figure 1 and Figure 3 In the illustrated embodiment, the vehicle-mounted wiring system 1 includes an optoelectronic adapter 15 integrated with the second optoelectronic conversion module 155 and used to connect the fifth connector 142 and the functional module 2. This embodiment does not require the second optoelectronic conversion module 155 to be integrated in the second cable 14 and the functional module 2. It is ensured that the existing second cable 14 and functional module 2 can be adapted to the vehicle-mounted wiring system 1, thus having higher compatibility.

[0042] In another embodiment, the second optoelectronic conversion module 155 is integrated in the fifth connector 142 or the functional module 2. Although this solution requires customizing the fifth connector 142 or the functional module 2, it can effectively reduce the number of connectors used in the vehicle-mounted wiring system 1 and simplify the complexity of the wiring structure. When the second optoelectronic conversion module 155 is integrated in the functional module 2, the functional module 2 is preferably a sensing module. The sensing module includes a circuit board, sensing elements (i.e., the core structures of cameras and radars) provided on the circuit board, and a sixth connector provided on the circuit board and connected to the fifth connector 142. The second optoelectronic conversion module 155 is provided on the circuit board of the sensing module. The electrical signal end (i.e., the circuit board 1554 mentioned below) and the optical signal end (i.e., the second optoelectronic coupling element 1551 mentioned below) of the second optoelectronic conversion module 155 are sequentially connected to the sensing element and the sixth connector, and it can perform mutual conversion of optical signals and electrical signals between the sensing element and the sixth connector, so as to meet the requirements of both parties for different signal types.

[0043] Based on the above description, the vehicle-mounted wiring system 1 can convert electrical signals and optical signals at the main control board 3 and the location of the functional module 2 through the first optoelectronic conversion module 11 and the second optoelectronic conversion module 155, and adopts the first cable 12, the branch fiber optic jumper 13 and the second cable 14 with optical fiber as the main transmission medium to transmit optical signals between the first optoelectronic conversion module 11 and the second optoelectronic conversion module 155. Since optical fiber has many advantages such as strong anti-interference ability, small signal attenuation, large bandwidth and high rate when transmitting data, it can not only ensure that the road condition information obtained by the sensing modules (such as cameras and radars) can be accurately and stably transmitted to the main control board 3, better meeting the requirements of high-level autonomous driving systems for high-quality, high-reliability and high-efficiency signal transmission, so as to ensure that the vehicle can achieve higher-level (such as L4 and above) autonomous driving, but also ensure that the main control board 3 transmits high-definition and high-quality audio-visual data to the audio-visual module (such as monitors and speakers), so that the audio-visual module can present videos more clearly and play audio with higher quality. At the same time, the cooperation of the branch fiber optic jumper 13 and the second cable 14 ensures that multiple functional modules 2 distributed throughout the vehicle can be connected to the main control board 3 through the first cable 12 and the first optoelectronic conversion module 11, effectively reducing the number of cables required from the main control board 3 to each functional module 2, simplifying the wiring harness layout inside the vehicle, and reducing the wiring complexity, installation difficulty and overall weight.

[0044] In this embodiment, the vehicle-mounted wiring system 1 further includes a first adapter fixed on the main control board 3 and having a channel. The first connector 121 and the second connector 131 are arranged to be inserted into the channel of the first adapter from both sides of the first adapter and dock within the channel of the first adapter. Since the first adapter is fixed on the main control board 3, and the first connector 121 and the second connector 131 are within the first adapter, this method can improve the stability and reliability of signal transmission, reduce external vibration and electromagnetic interference, and improve the quality of signal transmission. Preferably, the first connector 121 and the second connector 131 can be selected as multi-core and multi-channel connectors, especially the technically mature MPO connector, and the first adapter can be selected as a multi-core and multi-channel adapter, especially the technically mature MPO adapter.

[0045] Similarly, the vehicle-mounted wiring system 1 may further include a second adapter having a channel. The third connector 132 and the fourth connector 141 are arranged to be inserted into the channel of the second adapter from both sides of the second adapter and dock within the channel of the second adapter. Thus, the first connector 121 and the second connector 131 are docked within the first adapter, and this method can improve the stability and reliability of signal transmission, reduce external vibration and electromagnetic interference, and improve the quality of signal transmission.

[0046] In this embodiment, the number of branches of the branch optical fiber jumper is greater than or equal to the number of the second cables, that is, the number of the third connectors 132 is greater than or equal to the number of the fourth connectors 141, but preferably greater than the number of the fourth connectors 141. Thus, the branch optical fiber jumper 13 can provide more third connectors 132 than the currently actually connected second cables 14 (for connecting the functional modules 2). The redundant third connectors 132 facilitate adding new second cables 14 and connecting new functional modules 2 in the future without replacing the entire branch optical fiber jumper 13. Preferably, the vehicle-mounted wiring system 1 may further include dust caps or dust plugs provided on all or some of the third connectors 132. The dust caps or dust plugs cover the third connectors 132 to prevent contaminants such as dust, moisture, and oil from entering the unused third connectors 132, especially the third connectors 132 that have not been used and particularly need protection.

[0047] As an example, both the third connectors 132 and the fourth connectors 141 include duplex fiber optic connectors and / or simplex fiber optic connectors. Among them, the interface type of the simplex fiber optic connector can be selected from LC type, SC type, FC type, ST type, etc., and the interface type of the duplex fiber optic connector can be selected from DLC type, DSC type, MT-RJ type, etc. In this embodiment, the interface types of the multiple third connectors 132 can be the same or different, and the interface types of the multiple fourth connectors 141 can also be the same or different. Thus, the vehicle-mounted wiring system 1 can flexibly adapt to different connection requirements, improving the convenience and diversity of connections. It can be understood that when the fourth connector 141 uses a duplex fiber optic connector, it can be regarded that there are two optical fibers in the second cable at this time. One optical fiber is used to transmit the control signal of the main control board 3 to the functional module 2, and the other is used to transmit the signal received by the functional module 2 to the main control board 3; when the fourth connector 141 uses a simplex fiber optic connector, it can be regarded that there is only one optical fiber in the second cable at this time. At this time, this optical fiber is only used to transmit the control signal of the main control board 3 to the functional module 2 and / or to transmit the signal received by the functional module 2 to the main control board 3.

[0048] In this embodiment, as Figure 2As shown, the first optoelectronic conversion module 11 includes a first optoelectronic coupling element 111 provided on the main control board 3 and connected to the control module 31 through conductive traces within the main control board 3, and a first optical component 112 provided on the main control board 3 and at least covering the first optoelectronic coupling element 111. The first jumper 122 and the first optical component 112 can be connected by means such as plugging, clamping, or bonding to keep the sub-lines of each first cable 12 in a state of being docked with the first optical component 112, so that the first optical component 112 can transmit optical signals between the sub-lines of each first cable 12 and the first optoelectronic coupling element 111. The first optical component 112 is generally preferably a lens component, mainly used to guide the flow of optical signals. The first optoelectronic coupling element 111 generally includes a VCSEL (Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Laser) and / or a PD (Photodiode), which realizes the mutual conversion between optical signals and electrical signals.

[0049] The second optoelectronic conversion module 155 includes a circuit board 1554 connected to the electrical connector 152, a second optoelectronic coupling element 1551 provided on the circuit board 1554 and connected to the electrical connector 152 through conductive traces within the circuit board 1554, and a second optical component 1552 provided on the circuit board 1554 and at least covering the second optoelectronic coupling element 1551. Among them, the second optical component 1552 is connected to the fifth connector 142 through an optical connector 153 mentioned below, for transmitting optical signals between the optical connector 153 and the second optoelectronic coupling element 1551. The second optical component 1552 is generally preferably a lens component, mainly used to guide the flow of optical signals. The second optoelectronic coupling element 1551 generally includes a VCSEL (Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Laser) and / or a PD (Photodiode), which realizes the mutual conversion between optical signals and electrical signals.

[0050] In this embodiment, as Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown in the figure, the above-mentioned optical and electrical adapter 15 may include a housing 151 having a receiving cavity 151a and a bayonet structure 151b. The second optical and electrical conversion module 155 is disposed in the receiving cavity 151a of the housing 151. The optical and electrical adapter 15 further includes an electrical connector 152. The first part of the electrical connector 152 is disposed in the receiving cavity 151a of the housing 151 and is connected to the second optical coupling element 1551 of the second optical and electrical conversion module 155 through a circuit board 1554, while its second part is disposed outside the housing 151 and is connected to the functional module 2. The optical and electrical adapter 15 further includes an optical connector 153. The first part of the optical connector 153 is disposed in the receiving cavity 151a of the housing and is connected to the second optical component 1552 of the second optical and electrical conversion module 155, while its second part is within the bayonet structure 151b of the housing 151, so that the second part of the optical connector 153 can be connected to the fifth connector 142 when the bayonet structure 151b is engaged with the fifth connector 142. The optical and electrical adapter 15 further includes a potting adhesive (cured) filled in the receiving cavity 151a of the housing 151 and covering the second optical and electrical conversion module 155, the first part of the electrical connector 152, and the first part of the optical connector 153 to fix the relative positions of the electrical connector 152, the optical connector 153, and the second optical and electrical conversion module 155. Among them, the potting adhesive is used to improve the waterproof, dustproof, shockproof performance, and structural stability of the optical and electrical adapter 15, etc., to ensure that the optical and electrical adapter 15 can work stably and reliably.

[0051] Within the receiving cavity 151a, the electrical connector 152 and the optical connector 153 are respectively disposed on both sides of the plane where the second optical coupling element 1551 of the second optical and electrical conversion module 155 is located. The optical connector 153 includes a plurality of ferrules 1531 that penetrate from the inside of the receiving cavity 151a into the bayonet structure 151b and are parallel to the second optical coupling element 1551 of the second optical and electrical conversion module 155, and a plurality of bent optical fibers 1532 whose first ends are fixedly disposed in the corresponding ferrules 1531 and whose second ends are connected to the optical signal ends of the second optical and electrical conversion module 155. Each bent optical fiber 1532 includes a bent portion located between its first end and second end and completely within the receiving cavity 151a. Among them, the bent optical fibers 1532 connect the ferrules 1531 and the second optical and electrical conversion module 155. This way not only ensures that the optical connector 153 can smoothly establish a connection with the fifth connector 142 through the ferrules 1531 when the bayonet structure 151b is engaged with the fifth connector 142, and transmits the optical signal from the fifth connector 142 to the second optical and electrical conversion module 155 by means of the ferrules 1531 and the bent optical fibers 1532, but also ensures that the ferrules 1531 serving as the optical connector 153 are arranged in parallel on one side of the second optical coupling element 1551, thus realizing the high space utilization rate of the optical and electrical adapter 15 in a specified direction (such as the vertical direction).

[0052] Preferably, the orthographic projection of the ferrule 1531 on the plane where the second optoelectronic coupling element 1551 is located completely falls within the area where the second optoelectronic coupling element 1551 is located on this plane, thereby further improving the space utilization rate of the optoelectronic adapter 15 in a specified direction (such as the vertical direction).

[0053] Preferably, the transmission directions of the light inside the first end and the second end of the bent optical fiber 1532 are both parallel to the plane where the second optoelectronic coupling element 1551 of the second optoelectronic conversion module 155 is located and opposite to each other, and the distance from the first end of the bent optical fiber 1532 to the plane where the optoelectronic coupling element of the second optoelectronic conversion module 155 is located is greater than the distance from the second end of the bent optical fiber 1532 to the plane where the second optoelectronic coupling element 1551 of the second optoelectronic conversion module 155 is located. In this way, the bent optical fiber 1532 turns the received light by 180 degrees and then enters the second optoelectronic conversion module 155.

[0054] Preferably, the second optoelectronic conversion module 155 may further include a second jumper 1553 provided on the second optical component 1552 and used to fix each bent optical fiber 1532. The second jumper 1553 is used to keep each bent optical fiber 1532 in a state of being docked with the second optical component 1552, so that the second optical component 1552 transmits optical signals between each bent optical fiber 1532 and the second optoelectronic coupling element 1551.

[0055] As an example, the distance between the ferrule 1531 and the circuit board 1554 is greater than or equal to twice the minimum bending radius of each bent optical fiber 1532. At this time, the size of the bent optical fiber 1532 to be used is small and the bending radius is small, which is beneficial to further improving the space utilization rate of the optoelectronic adapter 15 in a specified direction (such as the vertical direction). Preferably, the distance between the ferrule 1531 and the circuit board 1554 is configured to be approximately equal to twice the minimum bending radius of the bent optical fiber 1532, and the end face of the ferrule 1531 for connecting the end of the bent optical fiber 1532 is flush with the end face of the second jumper 1553 for connecting the end of the bent optical fiber 1532. At this time, the size of the bent optical fiber 1532 to be used is small and the bending radius is small, which is beneficial to further improving the space utilization rate of the optoelectronic adapter 15 in a specified direction (such as the vertical direction).

[0056] As an example, the bent portion of the bent optical fiber 1532 mentioned above includes a starting point 1532a, an ending point 1532b, and a selected point 1532c between the starting point 1532a and the ending point 1532b. The starting point 1532a refers to the point closest to the ferrule 1531 in the bent portion, and its orthographic projection on the plane where the circuit board 1554 is located is the first point position. The ending point 1532b refers to the point farthest from the ferrule 1531 in the bent portion, and its orthographic projection on the plane where the circuit board 1554 is located is the second point position. The selected point 1532c refers to the point closest to the wall of the accommodation cavity 151a of the housing 151 in the bent portion and in the parallel direction of the central axis of the ferrule 1531, and its orthographic projection on the plane where the circuit board 1554 is located is the third point position. The second point position and the third point position are respectively located on both sides of the selected straight line, and the selected straight line is a straight line passing through the first point position and perpendicular to the plane of the ferrule 1531 and the circuit board 1554. In this way, the distance between the ferrule 1531 and the circuit board 1554 is greater than the minimum bending radius of the bent optical fiber 1532 and less than twice the minimum bending radius of the bent optical fiber 1532, thereby further improving the space utilization rate of the optical and electrical adapter 15 in a specified direction (such as the vertical direction).

[0057] As an example, the electrical connector 152 includes a plurality of conductive pins fixed on the second optical and electrical conversion module 155 and penetrating through the housing, and the plurality of conductive pins are used to insert into a plurality of conductive jacks of the functional module 2. The way that the plurality of conductive pins penetrate through the housing and insert into the plurality of conductive jacks of the functional module 2 realizes an efficient and reliable electrical connection.

[0058] In this embodiment, the housing 151 includes a first housing 1511 and a second housing 1513 that are connected to each other and jointly form the accommodation cavity 151a. The housing 1 mainly composed of the first housing 1511 and the second housing 12 can greatly facilitate the installation of components such as the second optical and electrical conversion module 155, the optical connector 153, and the electrical connector 152 in the housing 1. At the same time, a bayonet structure 151b can be formed on the first housing 1511 to facilitate the optical connector 153 to pass out of the accommodation cavity 151a into the bayonet structure 151b. The second housing 12 is configured to press the ferrule 1531 of the optical connector 153 in the first housing 1511 when it is connected to the first housing 1511, so that the ferrule 1531 of the optical connector 153 does not need to use additional locking or fixing members when fixed in the housing 1, which is beneficial to reducing production costs and improving manufacturing efficiency.

[0059] As an example, the bottom of the first housing 1511 may also have an avoidance opening, such that a plurality of conductive pins of the electrical connector 152 extend out through the avoidance opening of the first housing 1511. At the same time, the outer housing 151 may further include an attachment cover 1512 fixed to the first housing 1511 and covering the avoidance opening. The attachment cover 1512 has a plurality of pin holes, and the plurality of pin holes allow each conductive pin to pass therethrough and be inserted into corresponding conductive jacks of the functional module 2, thereby achieving electrical connection.

[0060] In Figure 3 and Figure 4 In the example shown, the ferrule 1531 is parallel to the second optoelectronic coupling element 1551. The bent optical fiber 1532 reverses the optical path direction in the ferrule 1531 by 180 degrees, and then the second optical component 1552 turns the optical path by 90 degrees, so as to be perpendicular to the plane where the second optoelectronic coupling element 1551 is located. Since the optical path direction needs to be changed, a bent optical fiber is required and the optical path occupies a relatively large space in the direction parallel to the plane where the second optoelectronic coupling element 1551 is located.

[0061] In an alternative embodiment, the optical and electrical adapter 15 does not change the optical path direction in the fifth connector 142, but provides a straight-line optical path between the fifth connector 142 and the second optoelectronic coupling element. Thus, the optical and electrical adapter 15 does not need to occupy a relatively large space in the direction parallel to the plane where the second optoelectronic coupling element 1551 is located, which helps to achieve miniaturization of the optical and electrical adapter 15. This is particularly applicable in some scenarios in a vehicle-mounted environment. For example, a collimating lens is provided in the bayonet structure of the optical and electrical adapter 15 for accommodating the fifth connector 142, and light is transmitted between the second optoelectronic coupling element and the optical fiber in the fifth connector 142 through the collimating lens. For another example, an optical connector (such as the optical connector 153) is provided in the bayonet structure of the optical and electrical adapter 15 for accommodating the fifth connector 142, and a straight-line optical path is formed between the ferrule of the optical connector and the second optoelectronic coupling element through a collimating lens.

[0062] In yet another alternative embodiment, the bent optical fiber 1532 is replaced with a straight optical fiber. Specifically, within the receiving cavity 151a, the second optical component 1552 is disposed between the optical connector and the second optoelectronic coupling element 1551. The optical connector 153 includes a plurality of ferrules 1531 that penetrate from within the receiving cavity 151a into the bayonet structure 151b and are perpendicular to the second optoelectronic coupling element 1551 of the second optoelectronic conversion module 155, and a plurality of straight optical fibers with the first ends fixedly disposed within the corresponding ferrules 1531 and the second ends connected to the second optical component 1552. In this way, not only is it ensured that the optical connector 153 can smoothly establish a connection with the fifth connector 142 through the ferrules 1531 when the bayonet structure 151b is engaged with the fifth connector 142, and the optical signal from the fifth connector 142 is transmitted to the second optoelectronic conversion module 155 by means of the ferrules 1531 and the straight optical fibers, but also it is ensured that the optical connector 153 is vertically arranged on one side of the second optoelectronic coupling element 1551, thereby achieving the characteristic of high space utilization rate of the optoelectronic adapter 15 in a specified direction (such as the horizontal direction).

[0063] In summary, the in-vehicle wiring system 1 according to the embodiments of the present invention overcomes the deficiencies of the traditional electrical signal transmission method in terms of anti-interference ability, transmission bandwidth, transmission rate, wiring complexity, and lightweight, thereby better meeting the requirements of the autonomous driving system and the in-vehicle audio and video entertainment system for high-quality, high-reliability, and high-efficiency signal transmission.

[0064] In the above description of the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, terms such as "fixed", "installed", "connected", or "coupled" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, with respect to the term "connected", it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral body; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components or the interaction relationship between two components. Therefore, unless otherwise clearly limited in the present application, those skilled in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention according to specific circumstances.

[0065] According to the above description of the present application, those skilled in the art can also understand the following terms used, such as the terms "inner", "outer", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, which are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings of the present application. They are only for the purpose of facilitating the description of the solution of the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than explicitly or implicitly indicating that the device or element involved must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the above orientation or position relationship terms cannot be understood or interpreted as a limitation to the solution of the present invention.

[0066] In addition, the terms "first" or "second" etc. used in this application to refer to numbers or ordinal numbers are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as explicitly or implicitly indicating relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of this application, the meaning of "a plurality" is at least two, such as two, three or more, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0067] Although several embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described herein, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that such embodiments are provided by way of example only. Those skilled in the art can envision many changes, alterations, and alternative ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. It should be understood that various alternatives to the embodiments of the present invention described herein may be employed in practicing the present invention. The appended claims are intended to define the scope of the present invention and thus cover equivalents or alternatives within the scope of these claims.

Claims

1. An in-vehicle wiring system for a vehicle, which is used to connect a functional module of the vehicle to a main control board of a main control unit of the vehicle, characterized in that, The in-vehicle wiring system includes: A plurality of first optoelectronic conversion modules, whose electrical signal terminals are connected to the control module of the main control board; A first cable, one end of which is connected to the optical signal terminals of the plurality of first optoelectronic conversion modules, and the other end has a first connector serving as an external interface of the main control unit; A branch fiber optic jumper, which includes a second connector and a plurality of third connectors opposite to the second connector, and the second connector is docked with the first connector; and A plurality of second cables, which include a fourth connector and a fifth connector opposite to each other, and the fourth connector of each second cable is used to be docked with the third connector, and the fifth connector thereof is used to be connected to the function module; Wherein, the in-vehicle wiring system further includes a second optoelectronic conversion module integrated in the fifth connector or the function module, or an optoelectronic adapter integrated with the second optoelectronic conversion module and used to connect the fifth connector and the function module.

2. The in-vehicle wiring system according to claim 1, wherein The in-vehicle wiring system further includes: a first adapter, the first adapter is fixed on the main control board, the first adapter has a channel, and the first connector and the second connector are arranged to be inserted into the channel of the first adapter from both sides of the first adapter and dock in the channel of the first adapter.

3. The vehicle wiring system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The first cable further includes a plurality of first jumpers, and the sub-cables of the first cable are connected to the optical signal terminals of the first optoelectronic conversion modules through the first jumpers.

4. The vehicle wiring system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first optoelectronic conversion module includes a first optoelectronic coupling element provided on the main control board and connected to the control module through conductive traces in the main control board, and a first optical component provided on the main control board and at least covering the first optoelectronic coupling element. The first jumper is connected to the first optical component to keep the sub-cables of each first cable in a state of being docked with the first optical component, so that the first optical component can transmit optical signals between the sub-cables of each first cable and the first optoelectronic coupling element.

5. The in-vehicle wiring system according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The third connector includes a duplex fiber optic connector and / or a simplex fiber optic connector, and the types of the plurality of third connectors are the same or different.

6. The in-vehicle wiring system according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that The number of branches of the branch fiber optic jumper is greater than or equal to the number of the plurality of second cables.

7. The in-vehicle wiring system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The second optoelectronic conversion module includes a circuit board, a second optoelectronic coupling element provided on the circuit board, and a second optical component provided on the circuit board and at least covering the second optoelectronic coupling element; The optoelectronic adapter includes: A housing having a receiving cavity and a bayonet structure, and the second optoelectronic conversion module is provided in the receiving cavity of the housing; An electrical connector, a first part of which is provided in the receiving cavity of the housing and is connected to the second optoelectronic coupling element of the second optoelectronic conversion module through the circuit board, and a second part of which is provided outside the housing and is connected to the function module; and An optical connector, wherein a first part thereof is disposed in a receiving cavity of the housing and is connected to a second optical component of the second optoelectronic conversion module, and a second part thereof is disposed in a bayonet structure of the housing, so that the second part of the optical connector can be connected to the fifth connector when the bayonet structure is engaged with the fifth connector.

8. The vehicle-mounted wiring system according to claim 7, wherein: In the receiving cavity, the second optical component is disposed between the optical connector and the second optoelectronic coupling element. The optical connector includes a plurality of ferrules that penetrate from the receiving cavity into the bayonet structure and are perpendicular to the second optoelectronic coupling element of the second optoelectronic conversion module, and a plurality of straight optical fibers with a first end fixedly disposed in the corresponding ferrule and a second end connected to the second optical component; or In the receiving cavity, the electrical connector and the optical connector are respectively disposed on two sides of a plane where the second optoelectronic coupling element of the second optoelectronic conversion module is located. The optical connector includes a plurality of ferrules that penetrate from the receiving cavity into the bayonet structure and are parallel to the second optoelectronic coupling element of the second optoelectronic conversion module, and a plurality of bent optical fibers with a first end fixedly disposed in the corresponding ferrule and a second end connected to the second optical component. Each of the bent optical fibers includes a bending portion that is located between its first end and second end and is completely located in the receiving cavity.

9. The vehicle wiring system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The distance between the ferrule and the circuit board is greater than or equal to twice the minimum bending radius of each of the bent optical fibers. The electrical connector includes a plurality of conductive pins fixed on the second optoelectronic conversion module and penetrating through the housing, and the plurality of conductive pins are used for inserting into a plurality of conductive jacks of the functional module.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that, It includes the vehicle-mounted wiring system according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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