Low-cost high-performance tin brass alloy and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of copper alloys, in particular to a low-cost high-performance tin brass alloy and a preparation method thereof.The low-cost high-performance tin brass alloy comprises, by mass, 74-76% of copper, 0.3-1.0% of tin, 0.1-0.4% of nickel, smaller than or equal to 0.1% of phosphorus, smaller than or equal to 0.1% of iron, smaller than or equal to 0.1% of manganese, smaller than or equal to 0.01% of silicon, smaller than or equal to 0.01% of aluminum and the balance zinc; the preparation method comprises the following steps: smelting and casting copper, tin, nickel, phosphorus, iron, manganese, silicon, aluminum and zinc; and then hot rolling, surface milling and cold rolling are conducted. The low-cost high-performance tin brass alloy is low in cost, and the comprehensive performance of the electric conductivity and the strength can be effectively improved; the preparation method is simple and easy to operate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of copper alloys, and in particular, to a low-cost and high-performance tin brass alloy and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] High-strength and high-conductivity copper-based materials are widely used in the fields of electrical connection, as well as industrial fields such as electronics, communication, and instrumentation; among them, high-strength, high-elasticity, and high-conductivity copper-based materials used in socket and plug sleeves are mainly made of beryllium bronze, tin phosphor bronze, and other materials. However, beryllium bronze has disadvantages such as complex production processes, toxic beryllium oxides, and high prices.

[0003] In order to improve problems such as toxicity, tin bronze is used as a substitute. However, tin bronze still has problems of relatively high cost and poor comprehensive performance of electrical conductivity and strength. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a low-cost and high-performance tin brass alloy and a preparation method thereof. The low-cost and high-performance tin brass alloy of the present invention has a lower cost, and the comprehensive performance of electrical conductivity and strength can be effectively improved; the preparation method of the present invention is simple and easy to operate.

[0005] The present invention is implemented as follows:

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a low-cost and high-performance tin brass alloy. The components of the low-cost and high-performance tin brass alloy, calculated by mass percentage, include:

[0007] Copper 74 - 76%, tin 0.3 - 1.0%, nickel 0.1 - 0.4%, phosphorus ≤ 0.1%, iron ≤ 0.1%, manganese ≤ 0.1%, silicon ≤ 0.01%, aluminum ≤ 0.01%, and the balance is zinc.

[0008] In an alternative embodiment, calculated by mass percentage, it includes:

[0009] Copper is 74.2 - 75%, tin is 0.7 - 0.8%, nickel is 0.12 - 0.16%, phosphorus is 0.02 - 0.04%, iron is 0.02 - 0.04%, and manganese is 0.005 - 0.015%.

[0010] In an alternative embodiment, calculated by mass percentage, it includes:

[0011] Copper is 74.5%, tin is 0.75%, nickel is 0.14%, phosphorus is 0.03%, iron is 0.03%, and manganese is 0.01%.

[0012] Second aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing a low-cost and high-performance tin brass alloy according to any one of the foregoing embodiments, including: melting and casting copper, tin, nickel, phosphorus, iron, manganese, silicon, aluminum and zinc; then performing hot rolling, surface milling, and cold rolling.

[0013] In an alternative embodiment, the melting temperature is 1150 - 1250 °C.

[0014] In an alternative embodiment, the casting temperature is 1100 - 1150 °C, the water inlet flow rate is 45 - 50 m 3 / h, the drawing speed is 50 ± 5 mm / min, and the normal drawing speed is 80 ± 5 mm / min.

[0015] In an alternative embodiment, in the hot rolling step, the ingot obtained by casting is heated to 790 - 850 °C, rolled after holding for 3 - 4 h, and the single-pass processing amount is 15 - 30%.

[0016] In an alternative embodiment, in the cold rolling step, the single-pass processing amount is 10 - 25%.

[0017] In an alternative embodiment, the cold rolling step includes annealing treatment, the annealing treatment temperature is 550 - 700 °C, and the annealing time is 2 - 7 h.

[0018] In an alternative embodiment, the cold rolling step includes rough rolling, medium finishing rolling, and finishing rolling. The thickness of the tin brass alloy material after rough rolling is ≤ 9 mm, the thickness of the tin brass alloy material after medium finishing rolling is 1.2 - 1.4 mm, and the thickness of the tin brass alloy material after finishing rolling is ≤ 0.6 mm.

[0019] The low-cost and high-performance tin brass alloy of the embodiments of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] The low-cost and high-performance tin brass alloy provided by the embodiments of the present invention effectively reduces the cost by reducing the usage amounts of copper and tin and replacing them with zinc; at the same time, by controlling the usage amount of zinc, it avoids the problem of excessive zinc usage, and thus avoids the problems of reduced conductivity and reduced plasticity of the tin brass alloy of the present invention, that is, it ensures that both the conductivity and strength comprehensive performance of the tin brass alloy of the present invention can be improved.

[0021] In addition to using zinc element as the strengthening and cost-reducing element, the tin element itself in the low-cost and high-performance tin brass alloy of the present invention can also play a high strengthening role. At the same time, the electrode potential of the tin element is more negative than that of copper, which can play an anodic protection role and increase the corrosion resistance of the tin brass alloy; the addition of nickel element expands the α phase region of brass, which can further improve the strength, toughness, and hot and cold pressure processing performance of brass. At the same time, the synergistic effect of nickel element and tin element can further improve the corrosion resistance of brass.

[0022] In order to reduce the formation of intermediate compounds, which leads to a decrease in the electrical conductivity and plasticity of the tin brass alloy material, and at the same time to further ensure the strength of the tin copper alloy, the contents of iron, manganese, and phosphorus are controlled to be ≤0.1%. The addition of iron and manganese elements can play a role in solid solution strengthening, significantly refine the grains, and improve the strength. At the same time, the elastic modulus of the material can be increased by using iron elements, and the matrix can be strengthened by using manganese elements, without significantly reducing the plasticity. Phosphorus elements are used to further ensure the improvement of the strength, wear resistance, and elasticity of the tin copper alloy. At the same time, due to the low addition amount of phosphorus elements, it is possible to avoid a significant decrease in the electrical conductivity of the tin brass alloy material caused by too high a phosphorus element content.

[0023] Furthermore, the contents of other impurity elements such as silicon and aluminum are controlled to not exceed 0.01%, which can further ensure that the tin brass alloy material has good electrical conductivity and plasticity.

[0024] The beneficial effects of the preparation method of the low-cost and high-performance tin brass alloy according to the embodiments of the present invention include: simplicity and easy operability. Specific Embodiments

[0025] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. For those not specified in the embodiments, they are carried out according to conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. Those reagents or instruments not specified by the manufacturer can be obtained as conventional products through commercial purchase.

[0026] The present disclosure provides a low-cost and high-performance tin brass alloy. The components of the low-cost and high-performance tin brass alloy, by mass percentage, include: copper 74 - 76% (for example: 74%, 74.2%, 74.5%, 74.7%, 75%, 75.3%, 75.6%, 76%, etc., not specifically limited herein), tin 0.3 - 1.0% (for example: 0.3%, 0.4%, 0.5%, 0.6%, 0.7%, 0.8%, 0.9%, 1.0%, etc., not specifically limited herein), nickel 0.1 - 0.4% (for example: 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3%, 0.4%, etc., not specifically limited herein), phosphorus ≤0.1% (for example: 0.1%, 0.08%, 0.05%, 0.03%, etc., not specifically limited herein), iron ≤0.1% (for example: 0.1%, 0.08%, 0.05%, 0.03%, etc., not specifically limited herein), manganese ≤0.1% (for example: 0.1%, 0.08%, 0.05%, 0.03%, etc., not specifically limited herein), silicon ≤0.01% (for example: 0.01%, 0.008%, 0.005%, 0.003%, etc., not specifically limited herein), aluminum ≤0.01% (for example: 0.01%, 0.008%, 0.005%, 0.003%, etc., not specifically limited herein), and the balance is zinc.

[0027] The low-cost and high-performance tin brass alloy of the present disclosure can significantly reduce the cost of the tin brass alloy by reducing the usage of copper and tin and substituting zinc for copper and tin. Moreover, zinc is dissolved in the copper matrix, causing lattice distortion, which can play a solid solution strengthening role and improve the strength of the copper-based alloy. However, the inventors have found that when an excessive amount of zinc element is added, the conductivity of the copper alloy will be significantly reduced. Secondly, with the increase of the zinc element, the plasticity of the tin brass alloy will also decrease. Especially when the mass percentage of zinc reaches about 38%, a second phase begins to precipitate in the copper alloy, and the plasticity of the copper alloy is extremely poor. Therefore, in order to improve the above problems, by controlling the amount of zinc used and avoiding excessive zinc usage, the problems of reduced conductivity and plasticity of the tin brass alloy of the present disclosure can be avoided, that is, to ensure that the comprehensive properties of the conductivity and strength of the tin brass alloy of the present disclosure can be improved.

[0028] The inventors have also found that the strengthening effect of a single zinc alloy element is limited. If only zinc is added to strengthen the tin brass alloy, for example, the strength of the alloy with the brand number H62 (H04) can only reach 400 - 450 MPa. Therefore, in order to further improve the strength of the tin brass alloy, in addition to using zinc element as the strengthening and cost-reducing element, the low-cost and high-performance tin brass alloy of the present disclosure also synergistically improves the strength of the copper alloy through tin element and nickel element. That is, the tin brass alloy of the present disclosure realizes a multi-component strengthening strategy through multiple elements to ensure the resistivity and strength of the tin brass alloy. Among them, in addition to being able to play a high strengthening role, the tin element has a more negative electrode potential than copper, which can play an anodic protection role and increase the corrosion resistance of the tin brass alloy. The addition of nickel element expands the α-phase region of brass, which can further improve the strength, toughness, and hot and cold pressure processing performance of brass. At the same time, the synergistic effect of nickel element and tin element can further improve the corrosion resistance of brass.

[0029] In order to reduce the formation of intermediate compounds, resulting in a decrease in the conductivity and plasticity of the tin brass alloy material, and at the same time to further ensure the strength of the tin copper alloy, the contents of iron, manganese, and phosphorus are controlled ≤ 0.1%. The addition of iron and manganese elements can play a solid solution strengthening role, significantly refine the grains, and improve the strength. At the same time, the iron element is used to increase the elastic modulus of the material, and the manganese element is used to strengthen the matrix, and it will not significantly reduce the plasticity. The phosphorus element is used to further ensure the improvement of the strength, wear resistance, and elasticity of the tin copper alloy. At the same time, due to the low addition amount of the phosphorus element, it can avoid a significant decrease in the conductivity of the tin brass alloy material caused by too high a phosphorus element content.

[0030] Furthermore, the contents of other impurity elements, silicon and aluminum, are controlled not to exceed 0.01%, which can further ensure that the tin brass alloy material has good conductivity and plasticity.

[0031] Optionally, by mass percentage, it includes: copper 74.2 - 75%, tin 0.7 - 0.8%, nickel 0.12 - 0.16%, phosphorus 0.02 - 0.04%, iron 0.02 - 0.04%, manganese 0.005 - 0.015%. Further optimizing the dosage of raw materials for the low-cost and high-performance tin brass alloy can further improve the conductivity and comprehensive strength performance of the tin brass alloy.

[0032] Optionally, by mass percentage, it includes: copper 74.5%, tin 0.75%, nickel 0.14%, phosphorus 0.03%, iron 0.03%, manganese 0.01%. Under the ratio of the above raw material components, while the tin brass alloy has good conductivity, it can ensure that the tin brass alloy exhibits the best tensile strength, elongation after fracture, and improve the ultimate life of its socket inserts used for preparing sockets, etc.

[0033] The present disclosure also provides a method for preparing the above low-cost and high-performance tin brass alloy. The method includes: melting and casting copper, tin, nickel, phosphorus, iron, manganese, silicon, aluminum, and zinc; then hot rolling, facing, and cold rolling. The method of the present disclosure is simple and easy to operate.

[0034] Optionally, the melting temperature is 1150 - 1250 °C (for example: 1150 °C, 1200 °C, 1250 °C, etc., which are not specifically limited herein).

[0035] Optionally, when melting each raw material, electrolytic copper, pure tin, and nickel can be added in sequence, and zinc and raw materials corresponding to other elements can be added after all the copper has melted. Among them, when adding zinc, the melting temperature can also be appropriately reduced, for example: reduced by about 20 °C compared to when melting copper, etc.

[0036] Optionally, the casting temperature is 1100 - 1150 °C (for example: 1100 °C, 1120 °C, 1150 °C, etc., which are not specifically limited herein), the water inlet flow rate is 45 - 50 m 3 / h (for example: 45 m 3 / h, 48 m 3 / h, 50 m 3 / h, etc., which are not specifically limited herein), the drawing speed is 50 ± 5 mm / min (for example: 45 mm / min, 48 mm / min, 50 mm / min, 52 mm / min, 55 mm / min, etc., which are not specifically limited herein), and the normal drawing speed is 80 ± 5 mm / min (for example: 75 mm / min, 77 mm / min, 80 mm / min, 82 mm / min, 85 mm / min, etc., which are not specifically limited herein).

[0037] It should be noted that the above-mentioned drawing speed refers to the speed when the slab starts to be drawn out of the mold in the initial stage of casting; the normal drawing speed refers to the speed when the slab is continuously drawn out of the mold in the stable casting stage.

[0038] Optionally, in the hot rolling step, the ingot obtained by casting is heated to 790 - 850 °C (for example: 790 °C, 800 °C, 820 °C, 850 °C, etc., which are not specifically limited herein), held for 3 - 4 h (for example: 3 h, 3.3 h, 3.6 h, 3.8 h, 4 h, etc., which are not specifically limited herein), and then rolled. The single-pass processing amount is 15 - 30% (for example: 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, etc., which are not specifically limited herein).

[0039] Optionally, the thickness of the alloy material after hot rolling is controlled to be 11 - 11.5 mm.

[0040] Optionally, a surface milling step can be performed after hot rolling. The surface milling can be divided into two times. For example, the milling amount of the upper and lower surfaces of the alloy material after hot rolling is 0.60 mm ± 0.05 mm (for example: 0.55 mm, 0.58 mm, 0.60 mm, 0.63 mm, 0.65 mm, etc., which are not specifically limited herein), and the milling amount of the upper and lower surfaces for the second time is 0.40 mm ± 0.05 mm (for example: 0.35 mm, 0.38 mm, 0.40 mm, 0.43 mm, 0.45 mm, etc., which are not specifically limited herein). After milling, the surface of the strip should be smooth, flat, and free of defects such as inclusion peeling.

[0041] Optionally, in the cold rolling step, the single-pass processing amount is 10 - 25% (for example: 10%, 12%, 15%, 18%, 20%, 23%, 25%, etc., which are not specifically limited herein).

[0042] It should be noted that the above-mentioned single-pass processing amount refers to the single-pass reduction amount.

[0043] Optionally, the cold rolling step includes rough rolling, medium finish rolling, and finish rolling. Among them, the medium finish rolling can be repeated multiple times; the thickness of the tin brass alloy material after rough rolling ≤ 9 mm (for example: 9 mm, 8 mm, 7 mm, etc.), the thickness of the tin brass alloy material after medium finish rolling (repeated multiple times) is 1.2 - 1.4 mm (for example: 1.2 mm, 1.3 mm, 1.4 mm, etc.), and the thickness of the tin brass alloy material after finish rolling ≤ 0.6 mm (for example: 0.6 mm, 0.5 mm, etc.).

[0044] Optionally, the cold rolling step includes an annealing treatment; specifically, cleaning and annealing are required after each rolling. The cleaning can be directly rinsing the surface of the alloy material with water. The temperature of the annealing treatment is 550 - 700 °C (for example: 550 °C, 580 °C, 600 °C, 620 °C, 650 °C, 680 °C, 700 °C, etc., which are not specifically limited herein), and the annealing time is 2 - 7 h (for example: 2 h, 3 h, 4 h, 5 h, 6 h, 7 h, etc., which are not specifically limited herein).

[0045] Optionally, the entire cold rolling process is: primary rolling - annealing 1 - cleaning 1 - medium finish rolling - annealing 2 - cleaning 2 - medium finish rolling - annealing 3 - cleaning 3 - finish rolling - final continuous annealing - final pickling; among them, the methods of final continuous annealing and final pickling are similar to those in the related art and will not be elaborated herein.

[0046] Optionally, the preparation method of the present disclosure further includes stretch leveling. After stretch leveling, the strip shape is flat and no scratches are generated on the surface.

[0047] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments.

[0048] Embodiment 1

[0049] The components of the low - cost and high - performance tin brass alloy, by mass percentage, include:

[0050] Copper: 74.5%, Tin: 0.75%, Nickel: 0.14%, Phosphorus: 0.03%, Iron: 0.03%, Manganese: 0.01%, Silicon: 0.01%, Aluminum: 0.01%, and the balance is zinc.

[0051] 1) Melting and casting: The feeding is carried out in sequence. Among them, electrolytic copper is added first, and then pure tin and nickel plates are added. After the copper melt is completely melted, zinc and other raw materials are added. After all are melted, after stirring and skimming the slag, a chemical analysis sample is taken, and then copper - phosphorus alloy is added for deoxidation treatment; no graphite powder is covered during the melting process, and after melting is completed, it is covered with graphite powder. A total of 10 kg of slag - removing agent is added in 3 times during the whole melting process.

[0052] Melting temperature: 1250 °C; Casting temperature: 1150 °C, water inlet flow rate: 50 m 3 / h, pulling speed: 50 mm / min, normal pulling speed: 80 mm / min, to obtain a copper alloy ingot with dimensions of 200 mm × 200 mm × 600 mm.

[0053] 2) Hot rolling: The cast ingot after casting is heated to 790 °C and held for 4 h to ensure that the temperature inside and outside the ingot is the same. It is hot - rolled in multiple passes on a two - high reversing mill, with a single - pass processing amount of 15%, and the thickness after rolling is controlled at 11.5 mm.

[0054] 3) Milling the surface: The milling amount for the upper and lower surfaces of the strip blank in the first pass is 0.60 mm, and the milling amount for the upper and lower surfaces of the strip blank in the second pass is 0.4 mm.

[0055] 4) Cold rolling: The rolling is carried out on a four-high reversible rolling mill. The processing amount per single pass is 10%. It goes through the processes of primary rolling - medium finish rolling (multiple times) - finish rolling, etc. After each rolling process is completed, cleaning and intermediate annealing processes are required. The thickness of the strip after primary rolling is 9 mm, the thickness of the strip after medium finish rolling (multiple times) is 1.4 mm, and the finished thickness of the strip after finish rolling is 0.6 mm.

[0056] The annealing temperature is 550 °C, and the annealing time is 7 h.

[0057] 5) Stretch bending straightening.

[0058] The components of the tin brass alloys and the parameters of the preparation processes for Examples 2 and 3 and Comparative Examples 1 - 6 are shown in Table 1; among them, the processes of Comparative Examples 1 - 6 are compared with those of Example 1 and are not recorded in Table 1.

[0059] Table 1

[0060]

[0061]

[0062] The density, conductivity, tensile strength, yield strength, elastic modulus, elongation, and Vickers hardness of the tin brass alloys of Examples 1 - 3 and Comparative Examples 1 - 6 are detected. Each detection item refers to GB / T 1423 - 1996 (density), GB / T 3048.2 - 2007 (conductivity), GB / T 228.1 - 2021 (tensile strength, yield strength, elastic modulus, elongation), and GB / T 4340 (Vickers hardness); the results are shown in Table 2.

[0063] Table 2

[0064]

[0065]

[0066] According to Table 2, by comparing Examples 1 - 3 and Comparative Example 1, it can be seen that too high a content of tin in the alloy will lead to a decrease in conductivity and elongation, and will significantly reduce the processing performance.

[0067] By comparing Examples 1 - 3 and Comparative Example 2, it can be seen that increasing the amount of copper used can ensure good alloy properties, but the cost increases.

[0068] By comparing Examples 1 - 3 and Comparative Example 3, it can be seen that increasing the content of zinc will significantly reduce the conductivity.

[0069] Comparing Examples 1-3 with Comparative Example 4, it can be seen that the absence of nickel will lead to a decrease in the corrosion resistance of the alloy.

[0070] Comparing Examples 1-3 with Comparative Example 5, it can be seen that an increase in the contents of phosphorus, iron and manganese will make it difficult to roll-process the alloy.

[0071] Comparing Examples 1-3 with Comparative Example 6, it can be seen that an increase in the contents of aluminum and silicon will lead to a significant decrease in electrical conductivity.

[0072] Comparing the tin brass alloy of Example 1 and the brass alloy of license plate H62(H04), wherein the components of the alloy of license plate H62(H04) include, by mass percentage: copper (Cu) 61.5%, lead (Pb) 0.08%, iron (Fe) 0.15%, antimony (Sb) 0.005%, bismuth (Bi) 0.002%, phosphorus (P) 0.01%, other impurities 0.5%, and the balance is zinc (Zn). The comparison results are shown in Table 3.

[0073] Table 3

[0074]

[0075]

[0076] According to Table 3, it can be seen that the tin brass alloy of Example 1 is superior to the brass alloy of license plate H62(H04) in terms of electrical conductivity, tensile strength, yield strength, elastic modulus, elongation and Vickers hardness.

[0077] Comparing the tin brass alloy of Example 1 and the tin bronze alloy of license plate C5071(H02), the components of the alloy of license plate C5071(H02) include, by mass percentage: tin (Sn) 5.0%, phosphorus (P) 0.1%, lead (Pb) 0.05%, iron (Fe) 0.10%, zinc (Zn): 0.30%, other impurities 0.50%, and the balance is copper (Cu); the comparison results are shown in Table 4.

[0078] Table 4

[0079] Physical properties C5071(H02) Example 1 <![CDATA[Density g / cm 3 > 8.9 8.5 Tensile strength MPa 511 518 Elongation rate (11.3, %) 16.3％ 25.7％ Vickers hardness HV1.0 157 171

[0080] According to Table 4, it can be seen that the tin brass alloy of Example 1 is superior to the tin bronze alloy of license plate C5071(H02) in terms of elongation, tensile strength and hardness.

[0081] Further detecting the stress relaxation properties of the tin bronze alloy of license plate C5071(H02) and the tin brass alloy of Example 1, after 336 h, the relaxation rates are 10% and 5.6% respectively. The tin brass alloy of Example 1 is also superior to the tin bronze alloy of C5071(H02) in terms of stress relaxation.

[0082] The socket inserts made of the tin brass alloy of Example 1 were subjected to performance testing (the testing was carried out in accordance with GB / T 2099.1-2021). The results showed that after 15,000 insertions and extractions, the maximum extraction force for three-flat was ≤50 N, and for two-flat was ≤40 N; the single-stage hanging weight was ≥1.5 N, and the temperature rise was <45 °C; the lifespan far exceeded the 5,000 times required by the national standard.

[0083] In summary, the low-cost and high-performance tin brass alloy of the present invention has a low cost, and the comprehensive properties of conductivity and strength can be effectively improved. Among them, the tensile strength in the H02 state (semi-hard state) is ≥510 MPa, the conductivity is ≥27%, the elongation after fracture (A50) is ≥20%, and the elongation (11.3, %) is ≥25%; when the low-cost and high-performance tin brass alloy of the present invention is made into socket inserts, the single-stage hanging weight before the lifespan test is ≥3 N, the single-stage hanging weight after the lifespan test is ≥1.5 N, and the ultimate lifespan is ≥15,000; the preparation method of the present invention is simple and easy to operate.

[0084] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various modifications and changes. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A low-cost and high-performance tin brass alloy, characterized in that, The components of the low-cost and high-performance tin brass alloy, by mass percentage, include: copper 74 - 76%, tin 0.3 - 1.0%, nickel 0.1 - 0.4%, phosphorus ≤0.1%, iron ≤0.1%, manganese ≤0.1%, silicon ≤0.01%, aluminum ≤0.01%, and the balance is zinc.

2. The low-cost and high-performance tin brass alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that, By mass percentage, it includes: the copper is 74.2 - 75%, the tin is 0.7 - 0.8%, the nickel is 0.12 - 0.16%, the phosphorus is 0.02 - 0.04%, the iron is 0.02 - 0.04%, and the manganese is 0.005 - 0.015%.

3. The low-cost and high-performance tin brass alloy according to claim 1, wherein By mass percentage, it includes: the copper is 74.5%, the tin is 0.75%, the nickel is 0.14%, the phosphorus is 0.03%, the iron is 0.03%, and the manganese is 0.01%.

4. The preparation method of the low-cost and high-performance tin brass alloy according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, It includes: melting and casting copper, tin, nickel, phosphorus, iron, manganese, silicon, aluminum, and zinc; then hot rolling, facing, and cold rolling.

5. The preparation method of the low-cost and high-performance tin brass alloy according to claim 4, characterized in that, The temperature of the melting is 1150 - 1250 °C.

6. The preparation method of the low-cost and high-performance tin brass alloy according to claim 4, characterized in that, The temperature of the casting is 1100 - 1150 °C, the water inlet flow rate is 45 - 50 m 3 / h, the drawing speed is 50 ± 5 mm / min, and the normal drawing speed is 80 ± 5 mm / min.

7. The preparation method of the low-cost and high-performance tin brass alloy according to claim 4, characterized in that, In the step of hot rolling, the ingot obtained by casting is heated to 790 - 850 °C, rolled after holding for 3 - 4 h, and the single-pass processing amount is 15 - 30%.

8. The preparation method of the low-cost and high-performance tin brass alloy according to claim 4, characterized in that, In the step of cold rolling, the single-pass processing amount is 10 - 25%.

9. The preparation method of the low-cost and high-performance tin brass alloy according to claim 4, characterized in that, The step of cold rolling includes annealing treatment, the temperature of the annealing treatment is 550 - 700 °C, and the annealing time is 2 - 7 h.

10. The preparation method of the low-cost and high-performance tin brass alloy according to claim 4, wherein, The step of cold rolling includes rough rolling, medium finish rolling, and finish rolling. The thickness of the tin brass alloy material after rough rolling is ≤9 mm, the thickness of the tin brass alloy material after medium finish rolling is 1.2 - 1.4 mm, and the thickness of the tin brass alloy material after finish rolling is ≤0.6 mm.

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