Laser cleaning device for locomotive hub

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of laser cleaning, and discloses a locomotive hub laser cleaning device which mainly comprises a rotating mechanism and a cleaning mechanism, the rotating mechanism comprises a rotating motor, a main shaft and an auxiliary shaft, and the cleaning mechanism comprises a fixing arc plate, a fixing rod and a laser assembly. The rotating mechanism is arranged on the workbench, the hub workpiece is movably connected to the rotating mechanism in a sleeving mode, so that the rotating mechanism can drive the hub workpiece to rotate automatically, meanwhile, the cleaning mechanism is arranged on the rotating mechanism, the cleaning mechanism comprises the fixing rod and the laser assembly, the fixing rod is movably connected with the laser assembly in a sleeving mode, and the cleaning efficiency is improved. Therefore, the position of the laser assembly can be changed according to actual requirements, the rotating mechanism and the cleaning mechanism are used in cooperation, the laser cleaning device can fully achieve all-directional cleaning of the hub workpiece under the condition that the hub workpiece does not need to be carried repeatedly, operation is easy, time and labor are saved, and the cleaning efficiency is effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of laser cleaning, and particularly to a laser cleaning device for locomotive wheelsets. Background Art

[0002] With the progress of technology, rail locomotives are more widely used. The wheelset is an important part of a rail locomotive. It bears the weight of the entire vehicle and transmits the power generated by the engine to the track to push the locomotive to run smoothly and safely.

[0003] The existing cleaning methods for wheelsets mostly use traditional physical methods such as manual grinding and high-pressure water guns for cleaning, or chemical corrosion methods for cleaning. These cleaning methods are likely to damage the physical properties of the wheelset surface, posing potential safety hazards for future operation. In recent years, laser cleaning technology has attracted attention due to its non-contact, high-efficiency, environmental protection and other advantages, and has gradually been applied to the field of wheelset cleaning. A laser cleaning device uses a high-energy laser beam to irradiate the surface of the object to be cleaned, so that the surface contaminants are instantly evaporated or peeled off, thereby achieving the purpose of cleaning.

[0004] However, the existing laser cleaning devices for locomotive wheelsets still have defects in the use process: First, during cleaning, the laser cleaning device needs to clean the wheelset comprehensively, and the wheelset needs to be constantly repositioned. Due to the large weight and annular shape of the wheelset, it is troublesome to handle and the operation is cumbersome, affecting the cleaning efficiency; Second, a large amount of soot and debris are generated during the use of the laser cleaning device. Due to the dispersion of the soot and debris, it is easy to adhere to the laser cleaning head, affecting the cleaning effect of the laser cleaning head on the wheelset. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application proposes a laser cleaning device for locomotive wheelsets, which has the advantages of effectively improving the cleaning efficiency and effectively enhancing the cleaning effect, so as to solve the problems of troublesome handling and cumbersome operation due to the large weight of the wheelset workpiece, and solve the problem that the soot and debris are easily adhered to the laser cleaning head, affecting the operation of the laser cleaning head.

[0006] To achieve the above object, this application adopts the following technical solution: A laser cleaning device for locomotive wheelsets, comprising:

[0007] A workbench, the shape of the workbench is a "concave" shape rotated by 90 degrees, and a wheelset workpiece is placed inside the workbench, which provides space for the cleaning of the wheelset workpiece;

[0008] Rotating mechanism, a rotating mechanism is provided on the workbench for driving the hub workpiece to rotate. The rotating mechanism includes a rotating motor, a main shaft, and an auxiliary shaft. The rotating motor is located at the rear side of the workbench. The main shaft is located at the rear side of the hub workpiece, and the auxiliary shaft is located at the front side of the hub workpiece. One end of the main shaft passes through the workbench and is movably connected to the rotating motor. The other end of the main shaft is movably connected to one end of the auxiliary shaft, and the outer wall of the main shaft at the junction of the main shaft and the auxiliary shaft is movably sleeved with the hub workpiece.

[0009] Cleaning mechanism, a cleaning mechanism is provided on the rotating mechanism for cleaning the hub workpiece in all directions. The cleaning mechanism includes a fixed arc plate, a fixed rod, and a laser component. The shape of the fixed rod is an inverted "U" shape, and both ends of the fixed rod are fixedly connected to the fixed arc plate. Ring grooves are provided on the outer walls of the main shaft and the auxiliary shaft corresponding to the position of the fixed arc plate, and the main shaft and the auxiliary shaft are movably clamped with the fixed arc plate through the ring grooves. The laser component is movably sleeved on the fixed rod.

[0010] Further, the main shaft is composed of a first cylinder, a second cylinder, and a third cylinder. The diameter of the first cylinder is adapted to the inner diameter of the hub workpiece. The diameter of the second cylinder is larger than the inner diameter of the hub workpiece. The diameter of the third cylinder is smaller than the diameter of the second cylinder. The auxiliary shaft is composed of a smooth column and a threaded column. The diameter of the smooth column is larger than the inner diameter of the hub workpiece, and the diameter of the smooth column is equal to the diameter of the second cylinder. The diameter of the threaded column is smaller than the diameter of the hub workpiece. A threaded groove is provided at one end of the main shaft sleeved with the hub workpiece, and the main shaft is threadedly sleeved with the threaded column through the threaded groove.

[0011] Further, the laser component includes:

[0012] Locking pieces, the number of the locking pieces is three. The three locking pieces are attached end to end and evenly arranged around the fixed rod.

[0013] Rubber pads, the inner walls of the locking pieces are fixedly connected with rubber pads.

[0014] Locking rods, locking holes are provided at both ends of the locking pieces, and the locking pieces are movably connected with the locking rods through the locking holes. Adjacent two locking pieces are connected by the locking rods.

[0015] Laser emitter, the bottom end of one of the locking pieces is fixedly connected with the top end of the laser emitter.

[0016] Laser cleaning head, the bottom end of the laser emitter is fixedly connected with the top end of the laser cleaning head.

[0017] The reflector is provided with cavities inside the laser emitters located in front of and behind the laser cleaning head. The top end of the cavity of the laser emitter is fixedly connected to the top end of the telescopic component, and the bottom end of the telescopic component is movably connected to the top end of the reflector.

[0018] Furthermore, the fixed arc plate is arc-shaped, and the cross-section of the fixed arc plate is an inverted "concave" shape.

[0019] Furthermore, the rotation mechanism further includes:

[0020] An inlay block. The inlay block is semi-cylindrical in shape, and the bottom end of the inlay block is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the annular groove. The top end, front end, and rear end of the inlay block are in contact with the bottom end of the fixed arc plate. The number of inlay blocks is twelve, and they are evenly arranged around the annular groove. The inlay blocks are magnetic, and adjacent two inlay blocks have opposite magnetic polarities.

[0021] Furthermore, the cleaning mechanism further includes:

[0022] Auxiliary rods. Fixed rods are fixedly connected to the top ends of the fixed arc plates on the left and right sides of the fixed rod, and the auxiliary rods have the same shape as the fixed rods. An auxiliary cavity is provided inside the auxiliary rods;

[0023] A connection component. The bottom end of the connection component is fixedly connected to the top end of the auxiliary rod, and the top end of the connection component is movably connected to the top end of the workbench. Two connection components are provided on one auxiliary rod, and the two connection components are symmetrically arranged to enhance the setting stability of the auxiliary rod;

[0024] A fixing component. The fixing component is fixedly arranged inside the auxiliary cavity of the auxiliary rod. The number of the fixing components is several, and the several fixing components are evenly arranged along the auxiliary cavity to provide power for blowing dust and debris;

[0025] A moving component. The moving component is movably arranged inside the auxiliary cavity of the auxiliary rod, and the moving component passes through the fixing component to provide power for the movement of the fixing component.

[0026] Furthermore, the connection component includes:

[0027] A connecting rod. The bottom end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the top end of the auxiliary rod;

[0028] A connecting shaft. The top end of the connecting rod is threadedly sleeved with the bottom end of the connecting shaft. The middle part of the connecting shaft is movably sleeved inside the workbench, and the top end of the connecting shaft is movably clamped with the top end of the workbench.

[0029] Furthermore, the fixing component includes:

[0030] A fixing plate. The fixing plate is annular, and the outer ring of the fixing plate is fixedly sleeved with the wall surface of the auxiliary cavity of the auxiliary rod;

[0031] A movable plate, the movable plate is annular, and the outer ring of the movable plate is movably sleeved with the wall surface of the auxiliary cavity of the auxiliary rod;

[0032] A movable membrane, a movable membrane is fixedly connected between the fixed plate and the movable plate, and the movable membrane is made of compressible and foldable rubber material;

[0033] A fixed pipe, the fixed pipe is bent, and the fixed pipe is located at one end of the movable membrane close to the fixed plate. The outer walls of both ends of the fixed pipe are fixedly sleeved with the wall surface of the movable membrane, and both ends of the fixed pipe pass through the auxiliary rod. One-way air valves are arranged inside both ends of the fixed pipe. One end of the fixed pipe is located on the side wall of the auxiliary rod corresponding to the hub workpiece, and the one-way air valve inside one end of the fixed pipe is an air outlet valve. The other end of the fixed pipe is located on the side wall of the auxiliary rod far from the fixed rod, and the one-way air valve inside the other end of the fixed pipe is an air inlet valve. A plurality of air holes are formed on the wall surface of the fixed pipe located inside the movable membrane.

[0034] Further, the moving assembly includes:

[0035] A moving rope, the moving rope is movably arranged inside the auxiliary rod, and the wall surface of the moving rope is movably sleeved with the inner ring of the fixed plate, and the wall surface of the moving rope is fixedly sleeved with the inner ring of the movable plate. The length of the moving rope is longer than the combined length of a plurality of fixing assemblies, and the length of the moving rope is shorter than the length of the auxiliary rod;

[0036] A first moving plate, one end of the moving rope is fixedly connected with the first moving plate, and the first moving plate is movably sleeved with the auxiliary rod. The first moving plate has an N-shaped magnetism. A spring is arranged between the first moving plate and the fixing assembly, and the spring is movably sleeved outside the moving rope;

[0037] A second moving plate, the other end of the moving rope is fixedly connected with the second moving plate, and the second moving plate is movably sleeved with the auxiliary rod. The second moving plate has an S-shaped magnetism. A spring is arranged between the second moving plate and the fixing assembly, and the spring is movably sleeved outside the moving rope.

[0038] Further, the cleaning mechanism further includes:

[0039] A limiting member, a transverse hole is formed on the side wall of the auxiliary rod close to the fixed rod, and the auxiliary rod is fixedly connected with one side of the limiting member through the transverse hole. The other side of the limiting member is attached to the outer wall of the fixed rod. The limiting member is filled with non-Newtonian fluid.

[0040] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0041] A laser cleaning device for locomotive wheels provided by the present application. By arranging a rotating mechanism on the workbench, the wheel hub workpiece is movably sleeved on the rotating mechanism, so that the rotating mechanism can drive the wheel hub workpiece to rotate by itself. At the same time, by arranging a cleaning mechanism on the rotating mechanism, and the cleaning mechanism includes a fixed rod and a laser component, the laser component is movably sleeved on the fixed rod, so that the laser component can change its position according to actual needs. Thus, the combined use of the rotating mechanism and the cleaning mechanism enables the laser cleaning device to fully realize the all-round cleaning of the wheel hub workpiece without repeatedly moving the wheel hub workpiece, with simple operation, time-saving and labor-saving, and effectively improving the cleaning efficiency.

[0042] By arranging auxiliary rods on both sides of the fixed rod, and a fixing component and a moving component are arranged inside the auxiliary rods. At the same time, by arranging an inlay block in the annular groove clamped with the fixed arc plate, when the rotating mechanism drives the wheel hub workpiece to rotate, the rotation of the inlay block effectively pushes the moving component to move back and forth in the auxiliary cavity of the auxiliary rod, thereby changing the shape of the movable membrane, causing the fixed tube to generate a unidirectional air flow, effectively blowing away the smoke and debris generated by laser cleaning, making the smoke and debris away from the laser cleaning head, and preventing it from affecting the cleaning effect of the laser cleaning head on the wheel hub workpiece.

[0043] By arranging limit parts on the auxiliary rod, and the limit parts are located on the side close to the fixed rod. When the laser component is fixed, the two limit parts squeeze the laser component, effectively enhancing the setting stability of the laser component. When the moving component moves in the auxiliary cavity, it can drive the fixing component to move, thereby generating vibration on the limit parts, making the non-Newtonian flow in the limit parts change state and become hard, effectively making the limit parts maintain the state of fitting the shape of the laser component, and further enhancing the setting stability of the laser component. Description of the Drawings

[0044] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only the embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained according to the provided drawings:

[0045] Figure 1 It is the overall three-dimensional structure diagram of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 2 It is the overall three-dimensional structure diagram of the present invention in the cross-section of the workbench;

[0047] Figure 3 It is the three-dimensional structure diagram of the rotating mechanism of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 4 It is the cross-sectional three-dimensional structure diagram of the rotating mechanism of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional structure diagram of the cleaning mechanism in the present invention;

[0050] Figure 6 It is a three-dimensional structure diagram of the fixed arc plate, fixed rod and their components in the present invention;

[0051] Figure 7 It is a three-dimensional structure diagram of the laser component in the present invention;

[0052] Figure 8 It is a three-dimensional structure diagram of the fixed arc plate, auxiliary rod and their components in the present invention;

[0053] Figure 9 It is a three-dimensional structure diagram of an auxiliary rod and its components in the present invention;

[0054] Figure 10 It is a sectional three-dimensional structure diagram of an auxiliary rod and its components in the present invention;

[0055] Figure 11 In the present invention Figure 10 The enlarged structure diagram at position A;

[0056] Figure 12 In the present invention Figure 10 The enlarged structure diagram at position B;

[0057] Figure 13 It is a sectional three-dimensional structure diagram of an auxiliary rod and its components without a connection component in the present invention;

[0058] Figure 14 In the present invention Figure 13 The enlarged structure diagram at position C;

[0059] Figure 15 It is a sectional three-dimensional structure diagram of the rotation mechanism and the cleaning mechanism in the present invention;

[0060] Figure 16 In the present invention Figure 15 The enlarged structure diagram at position D.

[0061] In the figure: 1. Workbench; 10. Hub workpiece; 2. Rotation mechanism; 21. Rotation motor; 22. Main shaft; 23. Auxiliary shaft; 24. Insert block; 3. Cleaning mechanism; 31. Fixed arc plate; 32. Fixed rod; 33. Auxiliary rod; 4. Laser component; 41. Locking part; 42. Rubber pad; 43. Locking rod; 44. Laser emitter; 45. Laser cleaning head; 46. Reflector; 5. Connection component; 51. Connecting rod; 52. Connecting shaft; 6. Fixed component; 61. Fixed plate; 62. Movable plate; 63. Movable film; 64. Fixed tube; 7. Moving component; 71. Moving rope; 72. First moving plate; 73. Second moving plate; 8. Limiting part. Detailed implementation mode

[0062] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0063] Embodiment 1, a laser cleaning device for a locomotive wheel hub, includes a workbench 1, as Figure 1 - Figure 2 , the shape of the workbench 1 is a "concave" shape rotated 90 degrees, and a wheel hub workpiece 10 is placed inside the workbench 1 to provide space for cleaning the wheel hub workpiece 10.

[0064] As Figure 1 - Figure 4 , a rotating mechanism 2 is arranged on the workbench 1 to drive the wheel hub workpiece 10 to rotate. The rotating mechanism 2 includes a rotating motor 21, a main shaft 22 and a auxiliary shaft 23, as Figure 3 , the rotating motor 21 is located at the rear side of the workbench 1, and a fixing seat is arranged at the bottom end of the rotating motor 21, which can stably fix the rotating motor 21. The main shaft 22 is located at the rear side of the wheel hub workpiece 10, and the auxiliary shaft 23 is located at the front side of the wheel hub workpiece 10. One end of the main shaft 22 passes through the workbench 1 and is movably connected to the rotating motor 21. The other end of the main shaft 22 is movably connected to one end of the auxiliary shaft 23. And the outer wall of the main shaft 22 at the junction of the main shaft 22 and the auxiliary shaft 23 is movably sleeved with the wheel hub workpiece 10. Specifically, as Figure 4, the main shaft 22 is composed of a first cylinder, a second cylinder and a third cylinder. The diameter of the first cylinder is adapted to the inner diameter of the hub workpiece 10, so that the first cylinder can drive the hub workpiece 10 to rotate synchronously. The diameter of the second cylinder is larger than the inner diameter of the hub workpiece 10, so that the second cylinder can fit against the rear side wall of the hub workpiece 10, thereby cooperating with the auxiliary shaft 23 to enhance the clamping and fixing of the hub workpiece 10. The diameter of the third cylinder is smaller than the diameter of the second cylinder, so that the third cylinder can be stably connected to the rotary motor 21. The auxiliary shaft 23 is composed of a smooth column and a threaded column. The diameter of the smooth column is larger than the inner diameter of the hub workpiece 10, and the diameter of the smooth column is equal to the diameter of the second cylinder, so that the straight cylinder can fit against the front side wall of the hub workpiece 10, thereby cooperating with the main shaft 22 to enhance the clamping and fixing of the hub workpiece 10. The diameter of the threaded column is smaller than the diameter of the hub workpiece 10. A threaded groove is provided at one end of the main shaft 22 sleeved with the hub workpiece 10, and the main shaft 22 is threadedly sleeved with the threaded column through the threaded groove, so that the main shaft 22 and the auxiliary shaft 23 can be connected and disconnected by rotation, facilitating the installation and disassembly of the hub workpiece 10. In summary, the main shaft 22 and the auxiliary shaft 23 form a whole, which can drive the hub workpiece 10 to rotate during laser cleaning to achieve all-round cleaning of the hub workpiece 10.

[0065] As Figure 1 - Figure 2 , Figure 5 - Figure 7 , a cleaning mechanism 3 is provided on the rotating mechanism 2 for all-round cleaning of the hub workpiece 10. The cleaning mechanism 3 includes a fixed arc plate 31, a fixed rod 32 and a laser assembly 4. As Figure 6 , the shape of the fixed rod 32 is an inverted "U" shape, and both ends of the fixed rod 32 are fixedly connected to the fixed arc plate 31. Ring grooves are provided on the outer walls of the main shaft 22 and the auxiliary shaft 23 corresponding to the position of the fixed arc plate 31, and the main shaft 22 and the auxiliary shaft 23 are movably clamped to the fixed arc plate 31 through the ring grooves, which can limit and fix the cleaning mechanism 3 by the rotating mechanism 2, effectively improving the stability of the cleaning mechanism 3 during laser cleaning. The laser assembly 4 is movably sleeved on the fixed rod 32. Specifically, the laser assembly 4 includes a locking member 41, a rubber pad 42, a locking rod 43, a laser emitter 44, a laser cleaning head 45 and a reflector 46. As Figure 7, the number of the locking members 41 is three. The three locking members 41 are attached end to end and evenly arranged around the fixing rod 32. A rubber pad 42 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the locking member 41, which can enhance the tightness between the locking member 41 and the fixing rod 32, so that the locking member 41 is stably arranged on the fixing rod 32. Lock holes are formed at both ends of the locking member 41, and the locking member 41 is movably connected to the locking rod 43 through the lock holes. Adjacent two locking members 41 are connected by the locking rod 43. When the locking member 41 needs to be disassembled, the locking rod 43 can be rotated, and the operation is simple. The bottom end of one locking member 41 is fixedly connected to the top end of the laser emitter 44, and the bottom end of the laser emitter 44 is fixedly connected to the top end of the laser cleaning head 45. When in use, the laser generated by the laser emitter 44 will pass through the inside of the laser cleaning head 45 to gather, and be ejected from the bottom end of the laser cleaning head 45 to perform laser cleaning on the wheel hub workpiece 10 opposite thereto. Cavities are formed inside the laser emitter 44 in front of and behind the laser cleaning head 45. The top end of the cavity of the laser emitter 44 is fixedly connected to the top end of the telescopic assembly, and the bottom end of the telescopic assembly is movably connected to the top end of the reflector 46. If the angle of the laser ejected by the laser cleaning head 45 needs to be changed, the telescopic assembly can control the reflector 46 to move downward and can change the deflection angle of the reflector 46, so that the laser ejected by the laser cleaning head 45 is reflected to the position of the wheel hub workpiece 10 that needs to be cleaned, thereby realizing precise cleaning of each position of the wheel hub workpiece 10. If the laser ejected by the laser cleaning head 45 only needs to be vertical, the telescopic assembly drives the reflector 46 to move upward, so that the reflector 46 is limited and fixed in the cavity, thus not affecting the laser ejected by the laser cleaning head 45. In summary, the laser assembly 4 can change its position on the fixing rod 32 according to actual needs, and can perform laser work precisely and sufficiently to realize the all-round cleaning of the wheel hub workpiece 10.

[0066] Embodiment 2. On the basis of Embodiment 1, the cleaning mechanism 3 further includes an auxiliary rod 33 and a connecting assembly 5, as Figure 1 - Figure 2 , Figure 5 , Figure 8 - Figure 10 . Fixed rods 32 are fixedly connected to the top ends of the fixed arc plates 31 on the left and right sides of the fixing rod 32, and the shape of the auxiliary rod 33 is the same as that of the fixing rod 32. An auxiliary cavity is formed inside the auxiliary rod 33 to provide a working space for the fixing assembly 6 and the moving assembly 7.

[0067] As Figure 8 - Figure 10, the bottom end of the connecting component 5 is fixedly connected to the top end of the auxiliary rod 33, and the top end of the connecting component 5 is movably connected to the top end of the workbench 1. Two connecting components 5 are provided on one auxiliary rod 33, and the two connecting components 5 are symmetrically arranged to enhance the setting stability of the auxiliary rod 33, thereby making the overall setting of the cleaning mechanism 3 stable. The connecting component 5 includes a connecting rod 51 and a connecting shaft 52. The bottom end of the connecting rod 51 is fixedly connected to the top end of the auxiliary rod 33. The top end of the connecting rod 51 is threadedly sleeved with the bottom end of the connecting shaft 52. The middle part of the connecting shaft 52 is movably sleeved inside the workbench 1, and the top end of the connecting shaft 52 is movably clamped to the top end of the workbench 1. When the connecting rod 51 and the connecting shaft 52 are lifted upward, the fixed arc plate 31, the fixed rod 32 and the auxiliary rod 33 can be driven to move upward synchronously, so that the cleaning mechanism 3 is disengaged from the rotating mechanism 2. When the connecting shaft 52 is rotated, the connecting rod 51 can be separated from the connecting shaft 52, so that the fixed arc plate 31, the fixed rod 32 and the auxiliary rod 33 can be detached from the workbench 1.

[0068] Embodiment 3, on the basis of Embodiment 2, as Figure 6 、 Figure 8 , the fixed arc plate 31 is arc-shaped, and the cross-section of the fixed arc plate 31 is an inverted "concave" shape, which not only enables the fixed arc plate 31 to be adapted to the annular groove of the rotating mechanism 2, but also enables the fixed arc plate 31 to completely cover the insert block 24 located in the annular groove, so that the insert block 24 can accurately act on the auxiliary rod 33 and its components located on the fixed arc plate 31.

[0069] Such as Figure 3 - Figure 4 、 Figure 15 - Figure 16 , the rotating mechanism 2 further includes an insert block 24. The shape of the insert block 24 is semi-cylindrical, and the bottom end of the insert block 24 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the annular groove. The top end, the front end and the rear end of the insert block 24 are in contact with the bottom end of the fixed arc plate 31. The setting of the insert block 24 makes the fixed arc plate 31 more stably installed in the annular groove. The number of the insert blocks 24 is twelve, and they are evenly arranged around the annular groove. The insert block 24 has magnetism, and the magnetism of two adjacent insert blocks 24 is opposite. Because the insert block 24 has magnetism, it can apply magnetic force to the moving component 7 located in the auxiliary rod 33. And because the insert block 24 can rotate and the magnetism between adjacent insert blocks 24 is different, when the position of the insert block 24 relative to the auxiliary rod 33 is constantly changing, the magnetic force received by the moving component 7 is also constantly changing, thereby providing power for the movement of the moving component 7 in the auxiliary rod 33.

[0070] Such as Figure 8 - Figure 16, the cleaning mechanism 3 further includes a fixing component 6 and a moving component 7. The fixing component 6 is fixedly arranged in the auxiliary cavity of the auxiliary rod 33. The number of the fixing components 6 is several, and several fixing components 6 are evenly arranged along the auxiliary cavity to provide power for blowing dust and debris. The moving component 7 is movably arranged in the auxiliary cavity of the auxiliary rod 33, and the moving component 7 passes through the fixing component 6 to provide power for the movement of the fixing component 6.

[0071] As Figure 10 - Figure 16 , the fixing component 6 includes a fixing plate 61, a movable plate 62, a movable film 63 and a fixing pipe 64. As Figure 10 - Figure 12 , the fixing plate 61 is annular, and the outer ring of the fixing plate 61 is fixedly sleeved with the wall surface of the auxiliary cavity of the auxiliary rod 33. The movable plate 62 is annular, and the outer ring of the movable plate 62 is movably sleeved with the wall surface of the auxiliary cavity of the auxiliary rod 33. The movable film 63 is fixedly connected between the fixing plate 61 and the movable plate 62, and the movable film 63 is made of compressible and foldable rubber material. When the movable plate 62 moves towards the fixing plate 61, the movable film 63 is compressed. When the movable plate 62 moves away from the fixing plate 61, the movable film 63 is stretched. As Figure 13 - Figure 14 , the fixing pipe 64 is bent, and the fixing pipe 64 is located at one end of the movable film 63 close to the fixing plate 61. When the movable plate 62 moves, the movable plate 62 will fold the movable film 63, but will not affect the fixing pipe 64. The outer walls of both ends of the fixing pipe 64 are fixedly sleeved with the wall surface of the movable film 63, and both ends of the fixing pipe 64 pass through the auxiliary rod 33, so that the fixing pipe 64 is stably arranged on the movable film 63 and its auxiliary rod 33. One-way air valves are arranged inside both ends of the fixing pipe 64. One end of the fixing pipe 64 is located on the side wall of the auxiliary rod 33 corresponding to the hub workpiece 10, and the one-way air valve inside one end of the fixing pipe 64 is an air outlet valve. The other end of the fixing pipe 64 is located on the side wall of the auxiliary rod 33 away from the fixing rod 32, and the one-way air valve inside the other end of the fixing pipe 64 is an air inlet valve, which can push the air flow inside it to move unidirectionally under the action of the fixing component 6. A plurality of air holes are formed on the wall surface of the fixing pipe 64 inside the movable film 63, which helps to promote the absorption and discharge of gas by the fixing component 6. Specifically, when the movable plate 62 pushes the movable film 63 to stretch, the space of the movable film 63 increases and the air pressure decreases, so that the fixing pipe 64 intakes air through the air inlet valve and discharges it into the movable film 63 through the air holes. When the movable plate 62 pushes the movable film 63 to compress, the space of the movable film 63 decreases and the air pressure increases, so that the gas in the movable film 63 is discharged into the fixing pipe 64 through the air holes and discharged through the air outlet valve, thereby effectively blowing the dust and debris generated by laser cleaning, making the dust and debris away from the laser cleaning head 45 and preventing it from affecting the cleaning effect of the laser cleaning head 45 on the hub workpiece 10.

[0072] As Figure 10 - Figure 16 , the moving component 7 includes a moving rope 71, a first moving plate 72 and a second moving plate 73. As Figure 10, the moving rope 71 is movably arranged inside the auxiliary rod 33, and the wall surface of the moving rope 71 is movably sleeved with the inner ring of the fixed plate 61, and the wall surface of the moving rope 71 is fixedly sleeved with the inner ring of the movable plate 62. When the moving rope 71 moves along the auxiliary rod 33, the moving rope 71 will move along the fixed plate 61 and can synchronously drive the movable plate 62 to move. The length of the moving rope 71 is longer than the combined length of several fixing components 6, and the length of the moving rope 71 is shorter than the length of the auxiliary rod 33. This effectively ensures that no matter how the moving component 7 moves, it acts on all the fixing components 6 simultaneously, and also effectively ensures that no matter how the moving component 7 moves, it only moves inside the auxiliary rod 33, such as Figure 10 、 Figure 11 、 Figure 15 - Figure 16 , one end of the moving rope 71 is fixedly connected with a first moving plate 72, and the first moving plate 72 is movably sleeved with the auxiliary rod 33. The first moving plate 72 has an N-shaped magnetism. A spring is arranged between the first moving plate 72 and the fixing component 6, and the spring is movably sleeved outside the moving rope 71, such as Figure 10 、 Figure 12 、 Figure 15 - Figure 16 , the other end of the moving rope 71 is fixedly connected with a second moving plate 73, and the second moving plate 73 is movably sleeved with the auxiliary rod 33. The second moving plate 73 has an S-shaped magnetism. A spring is arranged between the second moving plate 73 and the fixing component 6, and the spring is movably sleeved outside the moving rope 71. Since the first moving plate 72 and the second moving plate 73 have different magnetisms, and the distribution of the fixed pipes 64 in the two annular grooves is the same, the first moving plate 72 and the second moving plate 73 will be subjected to different magnetic forces, so that the moving directions of the first moving plate 72 and the second moving plate 73 are opposite, and then drive the moving rope 71 to move in the auxiliary cavity of the auxiliary rod 33.

[0073] Embodiment 4, on the basis of Embodiment 3, Figure 5 、 Figure 8 - Figure 16 , the cleaning mechanism 3 further includes a limiting member 8. A transverse hole is opened on the side wall of the auxiliary rod 33 close to the fixed rod 32, and the auxiliary rod 33 is fixedly connected with one side of the limiting member 8 through the transverse hole. The other side of the limiting member 8 is attached to the outer wall of the fixed rod 32. Since the laser component 4 is arranged on the fixed rod 32, the limiting member 8 can fully wrap the laser component 4 to realize the limiting and fixing of the laser component 4. The limiting member 8 is filled with non-Newtonian fluid, so as to enhance the fixing effect of the limiting member 8 on the laser component 4. In particular, when the moving component 7 moves in the auxiliary cavity, it can drive the fixing component 6 to move, thus generating vibration on the limiting member 8, causing the non-Newtonian fluid in the limiting member 8 to change its state and become hard, effectively enabling the limiting member 8 to maintain a state that fits the shape of the laser component 4, and further enhancing the setting stability of the laser component 4.

[0074] The working principle of the usage method of the present invention is as follows:

[0075] When the hub workpiece 10 needs to be installed, first, the hub workpiece 10 is sleeved on the main shaft 22, and then the auxiliary shaft 23 is spirally sleeved on the main shaft 22. Thus, under the action of the main shaft 22 and the auxiliary shaft 23, the hub workpiece 10 is fixedly sleeved on the rotating mechanism 2. Then, the fixed arc plate 31 is clamped on the annular groove of the rotating mechanism 2. After that, the connecting shaft 52 passes through the top of the workbench 1 and is spirally sleeved with the connecting rod 51. Thus, the cleaning mechanism 3 is stably arranged between the workbench 1 and the rotating mechanism 2. In summary, the installation operation before laser cleaning of the hub workpiece 10 is completed.

[0076] When the hub workpiece 10 needs laser cleaning, first, adjust the position of the laser component 4 on the fixed rod 32 according to the requirements, and then start the laser component 4 to make the laser component 4 perform laser cleaning on the hub workpiece 10. At the same time, start the rotating motor 21 to make the main shaft 22 and the auxiliary shaft 23 rotate slowly and synchronously drive the hub workpiece 10 to rotate. After the hub workpiece 10 rotates one full circle, adjust the position of the laser component 4 and repeat the above operation until the entire surface of the hub workpiece 10 is completely laser cleaned. Thus, the combined use of the rotating mechanism 2 and the cleaning mechanism 3 enables the laser cleaning device to fully achieve the all-round cleaning of the hub workpiece 10 without repeatedly transporting the hub workpiece 10, with simple operation, time-saving and labor-saving, and effectively improving the cleaning efficiency.

[0077] During the laser cleaning process, the main shaft 22 and the auxiliary shaft 23 rotate slowly, so as to drive the embedded block 24 to rotate synchronously. Since the embedded blocks 24 with different magnetic properties in one annular groove are arranged alternately and the distribution of the embedded blocks 24 in different annular grooves is the same, and since the first moving plate 72 and the second moving plate 73 have opposite magnetic properties, the embedded block 24 will generate thrusts with different effects on the moving assembly 7. When the first moving plate 72 is subjected to magnetic repulsion and the second moving plate 73 is subjected to magnetic attraction, the moving rope 71 moves in the direction of the second moving plate 73 under the combined action of the thrust of the first moving plate 72 and the pulling force of the second moving plate 73, thereby driving the movable plate 62 to move away from the fixed plate 61, and further driving the movable membrane 63 to stretch, realizing the absorption of air flow by the fixed tube 64. When the first moving plate 72 is subjected to magnetic attraction and the second moving plate 73 is subjected to magnetic repulsion, the moving rope 71 moves in the direction of the first moving plate 72 under the combined action of the pulling force of the first moving plate 72 and the thrust of the second moving plate 73, thereby driving the movable plate 62 to move closer to the fixed plate 61, and further driving the movable membrane 63 to compress, realizing the discharge of air flow by the fixed tube 64. Thus, the rotating mechanism 2 drives the hub workpiece 10 to rotate to push the moving assembly 7 to move back and forth in the auxiliary cavity of the auxiliary rod 33, thereby changing the shape of the movable membrane 63, making the fixed tube 64 generate unidirectional air flow, effectively blowing away the smoke and debris generated by laser cleaning, keeping the smoke and debris away from the laser cleaning head 45, and preventing it from affecting the cleaning effect of the laser cleaning head 45 on the hub workpiece 10.

[0078] When the laser assembly 4 is installed on the fixed rod 32, the two limit members 8 will squeeze and wrap the laser assembly 4, effectively enhancing the stability of the laser assembly 4. When the moving assembly 7 moves in the auxiliary cavity, it can cause the movable membrane 63 to reciprocate and stretch, thereby generating vibrations on the limit members 8, causing the non-Newtonian flow in the limit members 8 to change states and become hard, effectively keeping the limit members 8 in a state that fits the shape of the laser assembly 4, and further enhancing the setting stability of the laser assembly 4.

[0079] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be obvious to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to these embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A laser cleaning device for a locomotive wheel hub, characterized in that, Including: A workbench (1), the shape of the workbench (1) is a "concave" shape rotated by 90 degrees, and a hub workpiece (10) is placed inside the workbench (1) to provide space for cleaning the hub workpiece (10); A rotating mechanism (2), a rotating mechanism (2) is arranged on the workbench (1) to drive the hub workpiece (10) to rotate. The rotating mechanism (2) includes a rotating motor (21), a main shaft (22) and an auxiliary shaft (23). The rotating motor (21) is located at the rear side of the workbench (1), the main shaft (22) is located at the rear side of the hub workpiece (10), and the auxiliary shaft (23) is located at the front side of the hub workpiece (10). One end of the main shaft (22) passes through the workbench (1) and is movably connected to the rotating motor (21). The other end of the main shaft (22) is movably connected to one end of the auxiliary shaft (23), and the outer wall of the main shaft (22) at the junction of the main shaft (22) and the auxiliary shaft (23) is movably sleeved with the hub workpiece (10); A cleaning mechanism (3), a cleaning mechanism (3) is arranged on the rotating mechanism (2) to clean the hub workpiece (10) in all directions. The cleaning mechanism (3) includes a fixed arc plate (31), a fixed rod (32) and a laser assembly (4). The shape of the fixed rod (32) is an inverted "U" shape, and both ends of the fixed rod (32) are fixedly connected to the fixed arc plate (31). Ring grooves are opened on the outer walls of the main shaft (22) and the auxiliary shaft (23) corresponding to the position of the fixed arc plate (31), and the main shaft (22) and the auxiliary shaft (23) are movably clamped with the fixed arc plate (31) through the ring grooves. The laser assembly (4) is movably sleeved on the fixed rod (32); 2. The laser cleaning device for locomotive wheels according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main shaft (22) is composed of a first cylinder, a second cylinder and a third cylinder. The diameter of the first cylinder is adapted to the inner diameter of the hub workpiece (10). The diameter of the second cylinder is larger than the inner diameter of the hub workpiece (10). The diameter of the third cylinder is smaller than the diameter of the second cylinder. The auxiliary shaft (23) is composed of a smooth column and a threaded column. The diameter of the smooth column is larger than the inner diameter of the hub workpiece (10), and the diameter of the smooth column is equal to the diameter of the second cylinder. The diameter of the threaded column is smaller than the diameter of the hub workpiece (10). A threaded groove is opened at one end of the main shaft (22) sleeved with the hub workpiece (10), and the main shaft (22) is threadedly sleeved with the threaded column through the threaded groove; 3. The laser cleaning device for locomotive wheels according to claim 2, wherein, The laser assembly (4) includes: Locking members (41), the number of the locking members (41) is three. The three locking members (41) are attached end to end and evenly arranged around the fixed rod (32); Rubber pads (42), rubber pads (42) are fixedly connected to the inner walls of the locking members (41); Locking rods (43), locking holes are opened at both ends of the locking members (41), and the locking members (41) are movably connected to the locking rods (43) through the locking holes. Adjacent two locking members (41) are connected by the locking rods (43); A laser emitter (44), the bottom end of one of the locking members (41) is fixedly connected to the top end of the laser emitter (44); Laser cleaning head (45), the bottom end of the laser emitter (44) is fixedly connected to the top end of the laser cleaning head (45); Reflector (46), cavities are provided inside the laser emitters (44) in front of and behind the laser cleaning head (45), the top end of the cavity of the laser emitter (44) is fixedly connected to the top end of the telescopic component, and the bottom end of the telescopic component is movably connected to the top end of the reflector (46).

4. The laser cleaning device for locomotive wheels according to claim 3, characterized in that, The fixed arc plate (31) is arc-shaped, and the cross-section of the fixed arc plate (31) is an inverted "concave" shape.

5. The laser cleaning device for locomotive wheels according to claim 4, wherein, The rotation mechanism (2) further includes: Insert block (24), the shape of the insert block (24) is semi-cylindrical, and the bottom end of the insert block (24) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the annular groove, the top, front and rear ends of the insert block (24) are in contact with the bottom end of the fixed arc plate (31), the number of the insert blocks (24) is twelve, and they are evenly arranged around the annular groove, the insert block (24) has magnetism, and the magnetism of two adjacent insert blocks (24) is opposite.

6. The laser cleaning device for locomotive wheels according to claim 5, characterized in that, The cleaning mechanism (3) further includes: Auxiliary rod (33), fixed rods (32) are fixedly connected to the top ends of the fixed arc plates (31) on the left and right sides of the fixed rod (32), and the shape of the auxiliary rod (33) is the same as that of the fixed rod (32), and an auxiliary cavity is provided inside the auxiliary rod (33); Connection component (5), the bottom end of the connection component (5) is fixedly connected to the top end of the auxiliary rod (33), and the top end of the connection component (5) is movably connected to the top end of the workbench (1), two connection components (5) are provided on one auxiliary rod (33), and the two connection components (5) are symmetrically arranged to enhance the setting stability of the auxiliary rod (33); Fixing component (6), a fixing component (6) is fixedly arranged in the auxiliary cavity of the auxiliary rod (33), the number of the fixing components (6) is several, and several fixing components (6) are evenly arranged along the auxiliary cavity to provide power for blowing dust and debris; Moving component (7), a moving component (7) is movably arranged in the auxiliary cavity of the auxiliary rod (33), and the moving component (7) passes through the fixing component (6) to provide power for the movement of the fixing component (6).

7. The laser cleaning device for locomotive wheels according to claim 6, wherein, The connection component (5) includes: Connecting rod (51), the bottom end of the connecting rod (51) is fixedly connected to the top end of the auxiliary rod (33); Connecting shaft (52), the top end of the connecting rod (51) is threadedly sleeved with the bottom end of the connecting shaft (52), the middle part of the connecting shaft (52) is movably sleeved inside the workbench (1), and the top end of the connecting shaft (52) is movably clamped with the top end of the workbench (1).

8. The laser cleaning device for locomotive wheels according to claim 7, characterized in that The fixing component (6) includes: Fixing plate (61), the fixing plate (61) is annular, and the outer ring of the fixing plate (61) is fixedly sleeved with the wall surface of the auxiliary cavity of the auxiliary rod (33); Movable plate (62), the movable plate (62) is annular, and the outer ring of the movable plate (62) is movably sleeved with the wall surface of the auxiliary cavity of the auxiliary rod (33); The movable membrane (63), a movable membrane (63) is fixedly connected between the fixed plate (61) and the movable plate (62), and the movable membrane (63) is made of compressible and foldable rubber material; The fixed tube (64), the fixed tube (64) is bent, and the fixed tube (64) is located at one end of the movable membrane (63) close to the fixed plate (61). The outer walls of both ends of the fixed tube (64) are fixedly sleeved with the wall surface of the movable membrane (63), and both ends of the fixed tube (64) pass through the auxiliary rod (33). One-way air valves are arranged inside both ends of the fixed tube (64). One end of the fixed tube (64) is located on the side wall of the auxiliary rod (33) corresponding to the hub workpiece (10), and the one-way air valve inside one end of the fixed tube (64) is an air outlet valve. The other end of the fixed tube (64) is located on the side wall of the auxiliary rod (33) far from the fixed rod (32), and the one-way air valve inside the other end of the fixed tube (64) is an air inlet valve. A plurality of air holes are formed in the wall surface of the fixed tube (64) inside the movable membrane (63).

9. The laser cleaning device for locomotive wheels according to claim 8, characterized in that, The moving assembly (7) includes: The moving rope (71), the moving rope (71) is movably arranged inside the auxiliary rod (33), and the wall surface of the moving rope (71) is movably sleeved with the inner ring of the fixed plate (61). The wall surface of the moving rope (71) is fixedly sleeved with the inner ring of the movable plate (62). The length of the moving rope (71) is longer than the combined length of a plurality of fixing assemblies (6), and the length of the moving rope (71) is shorter than the length of the auxiliary rod (33); The first moving plate (72), one end of the moving rope (71) is fixedly connected with the first moving plate (72), and the first moving plate (72) is movably sleeved with the auxiliary rod (33). The first moving plate (72) has an N-shaped magnetism. A spring is arranged between the first moving plate (72) and the fixing assembly (6), and the spring is movably sleeved outside the moving rope (71); The second moving plate (73), the other end of the moving rope (71) is fixedly connected with the second moving plate (73), and the second moving plate (73) is movably sleeved with the auxiliary rod (33). The second moving plate (73) has an S-shaped magnetism. A spring is arranged between the second moving plate (73) and the fixing assembly (6), and the spring is movably sleeved outside the moving rope (71).

10. The laser cleaning device for a locomotive wheel hub according to claim 9, characterized in that, The cleaning mechanism (3) further includes: The limiting member (8), a horizontal hole is formed in the side wall of the auxiliary rod (33) close to the fixed rod (32), and the auxiliary rod (33) is fixedly connected with one side of the limiting member (8) through the horizontal hole. The other side of the limiting member (8) is attached to the outer wall of the fixed rod (32). The limiting member (8) is filled with non-Newtonian fluid.

Images