Columnar friction nanometer generator based on rolling ball

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of friction nanometer power generation, in particular to a columnar friction nanometer power generator based on rolling balls. The columnar friction nanometer generator comprises a shell, a carrier and a power generation assembly. The carrier is arranged in the shell and can swing or rotate relative to the shell. A plurality of cavities distributed in an array mode are formed in the surface of the carrier. The power generation assembly comprises a plurality of power generation units, and each power generation unit comprises an electrode layer distributed on the inner wall of the shell and a small friction ball located in the cavity. The electrode layer comprises an electrode I and an electrode II which are not in contact with each other. The surface of the friction ball comprises a dielectric material which has electronegativity difference with the electrode layer, so that friction power generation between the friction ball and the electrode layer is realized. Sliding friction is replaced by rolling friction, the motion resistance of the friction balls can be reduced, interaction between the friction balls and the electrode layer can be improved, charge induction and transfer effects are enhanced, and the power generation efficiency of the friction nano-generator is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of triboelectric nanogenerators, and particularly to a columnar triboelectric nanogenerator based on rolling balls. Background Art

[0002] A triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) is a power generation technology based on the coupling of triboelectrification and electrostatic induction effects. Its typical working modes include vertical contact-separation, horizontal sliding, and single-electrode forms, etc., which can collect various forms of mechanical energy and convert it into electrical energy, such as ocean energy, vibration energy, etc. TENG is remarkable in the collection of low-frequency mechanical energy and has the advantages of flexible structure, low cost, and high voltage output. However, the traditional sliding-mode TENG relies on the continuous sliding of the material interface, and there are defects such as high frictional resistance and rapid wear during the sliding process, resulting in low power generation efficiency of the existing sliding-mode TENG. In addition, the existing sliding-mode TENG is prone to unstable output voltage due to uneven contact pressure, which seriously restricts the long-term stable operation of the triboelectric nanogenerator in complex environments. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to solve the technical problem of low power generation efficiency of the triboelectric nanogenerator in the prior art, the present invention provides a columnar triboelectric nanogenerator based on rolling balls.

[0004] The present invention is realized by the following technical solutions: A columnar triboelectric nanogenerator based on rolling balls, which includes a sealed outer shell, a carrier, and a power generation component. The carrier is arranged inside the outer shell, and there is a gap between them that allows the carrier to swing or rotate. Multiple cavities are arranged in an array on the surface of the carrier. The power generation component includes multiple power generation units, and each power generation unit is respectively arranged in the gap. Each power generation unit includes an electrode layer distributed on the inner wall of the outer shell and a friction ball located in the cavity. The electrode layer includes non-touching electrode one and electrode two, which respectively serve as the two output ports of the power generation unit. The surface of the friction ball contains a dielectric material with an electro-negativity difference from the electrode layer, so as to realize triboelectric power generation with the electrode layer. The friction balls of each power generation unit adopt at least two dielectric materials with different electro-negativities, and the friction balls using different dielectric materials are alternately distributed in the cavity array. The output ports of all electrode ones using the same dielectric material are connected in parallel, and the output ports of all electrode twos using the same dielectric material are connected in parallel.

[0005] As a further improvement of the present invention, the outer shell is a cylindrical structure, and the carrier is a circular tube structure provided with a through groove. The two are concentrically assembled through a rotating shaft. The carrier is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft, and the outer shell is installed on the rotating shaft through a bearing and sleeved outside the carrier.

[0006] As a further improvement of the present invention, a non-uniform counterweight is provided in the carrier so that the center of gravity of the carrier does not coincide with the rotation axis of the carrier.

[0007] As a further improvement of the present invention, the rotating shaft penetrates through the outer shell and is connected to the driving assembly. The driving assembly is used to convert wind energy, wave energy or other external energy into mechanical energy for driving the rotating shaft to rotate, so that the carrier can rotate relative to the outer shell.

[0008] As a further improvement of the present invention, the outer shell is of a split structure, which includes an outer cylinder with an opening and a cover. The cover is detachably installed at one end of the outer cylinder with the opening.

[0009] As a further improvement of the present invention, the carrier is of a cylindrical structure. Circular ring-shaped baffles with a diameter larger than that of the carrier and smaller than the inner diameter of the outer shell body are installed on both end faces of the carrier. A plurality of protrusions are equidistantly arranged outward on the outer wall of the carrier. The plurality of protrusions are circumferentially distributed on the outer wall of the carrier. A cavity is formed between two adjacent protrusions, two baffles and the carrier.

[0010] As a further improvement of the present invention, a plurality of first electrodes are connected in parallel in sequence along the inner wall of the outer shell, and a plurality of second electrodes are connected in parallel in sequence along the inner wall of the outer shell to form an interdigital electrode layer.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present invention, the number of carriers is multiple. The multiple carriers are sequentially installed in the outer shell along the axial direction of the rotating shaft and two adjacent carriers do not contact each other; each carrier can independently rotate relative to the outer shell.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present invention, a plurality of semicircular chutes arranged in an array are provided along the axial direction of the outer shell in the electrode layer. A plurality of friction balls with the same electro-negativity on the same circumference in the cavity are all installed in the same chute on the electrode layer.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present invention, the friction balls include ball one and ball two with different electro-negativities. Ball one is a PTFE ball and ball two is a nylon ball.

[0014] As a further improvement of the present invention, the electrode layer is any one of a copper electrode, an aluminum electrode and a silver electrode.

[0015] The technical solution provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] (1) The columnar triboelectric nanogenerator based on a rolling ball provided by the present invention has a gap allowing the carrier to swing or rotate relative to the housing between the housing and the carrier, and the power generation component is arranged in the gap. So that when the carrier swings or rotates relative to the housing, the power generation component can perform power generation operations. And with the point contact between the friction ball and the electrode layer, when the housing and the carrier rotate relative to each other, the friction ball can roll and rub between different electrode layers. This rolling friction, compared with the sliding friction in the prior art, can effectively reduce the movement resistance of the friction ball, making the rotation of the carrier smoother and reducing the energy loss during rotation. It is beneficial for the friction ball to interact with the electrode layer more efficiently, enhancing the effect of charge induction and transfer, thereby improving the power generation efficiency of the triboelectric nanogenerator. At the same time, the triboelectric nanogenerator of the present invention makes the output ports of each electrode one in multiple electrode layers be connected in parallel in sequence and the output ports of each electrode two be also connected in parallel in sequence, so that the multiple electrode ones and multiple electrode twos in multiple power generation units respectively form two large electrodes, thus making the triboelectric nanogenerator of this embodiment be assembled as a whole into a generator capable of outputting more electric energy and providing a large current to meet the demand of powering more external devices.

[0017] (2) The columnar triboelectric nanogenerator based on a rolling ball provided by the present invention forms an eccentric structure of the carrier by designing a counterweight. When it is applied to collect wave energy, under the swing of the wave, the housing and the carrier of the triboelectric nanogenerator will rotate relative to each other under the action of wave energy, and the eccentric structure can achieve that the carrier can rotate relative to the housing multiple times under the impact of the same wave energy, thereby realizing that the friction ball contacts and rubs with different electrode layers multiple times, further improving the power generation efficiency of the triboelectric nanogenerator. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0018] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional view of the columnar triboelectric nanogenerator based on a rolling ball provided by the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 It is an exploded schematic diagram of the columnar triboelectric nanogenerator based on a rolling ball provided by the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram when the carrier is separated from the outer cylinder in the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the outer cylinder in the present invention.

[0022] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram when the carrier is placed in the outer cylinder in the present invention.

[0023] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure when the carrier is completely installed in the outer cylinder in the present invention.

[0024] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view along A-A in the present invention.

[0025] The labels in the figure are: 1. Outer shell; 11. Outer cylinder; 12. Cover; 2. Carrier; 21. Cavity; 22. Rotating shaft; 23. Counterweight; 24. Protrusion; 25. Baffle; 31. Electrode layer; 311. Electrode 1; 312. Electrode 2; 32. Friction ball; 321. Ball 1; 322. Ball 2. Detailed implementation manners

[0026] Next, in combination with the detailed implementation manners, the present invention will be further described. It should be noted that, on the premise of non-conflict, the following described embodiments or technical features can be arbitrarily combined to form new embodiments.

[0027] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that for orientation terms, such as terms "center", "horizontal", "vertical", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc., the orientation and position relationships indicated are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and should not be construed as limiting the specific protection scope of the present invention. The terms "first", "second", etc. in the description and claims of the present invention are used to distinguish similar objects and do not necessarily need to describe a specific order or sequence. The terms "include" and "have" and any variations thereof in the description and claims of the present invention are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units does not necessarily have to be limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0028] This embodiment provides a columnar triboelectric nanogenerator based on rolling balls. Please refer to Figures 1 to 3, which includes a sealed housing 1, a carrier 2, and a power generation component. The carrier 2 is disposed inside the housing 1, and there is a gap between the carrier 2 and the housing 1 that allows the carrier 2 to swing or rotate. The power generation component is disposed inside the gap. When relative swinging or rotation occurs between the housing 1 and the carrier 2, the power generation component located in the gap can generate electricity through friction. Thus, the purpose of generating electricity through friction by rolling is achieved. A plurality of cavities 21 distributed in an array are provided on one side of the carrier 2 facing the housing 1. The power generation component includes a plurality of power generation units, and each power generation unit is respectively disposed in the gap. The power generation component includes a plurality of power generation units, and each power generation unit is respectively disposed in the gap. Each power generation unit includes an electrode layer 31 and friction balls 32. The electrode layer 31 is distributed on the inner wall of the housing 1, and the friction balls 32 are all distributed in the cavities 21. And the friction balls 32 installed in the cavities 21 can make point contact with different electrode layers 31 when the housing 1 and the carrier 2 rotate or swing relatively, thereby achieving the purpose of generating electricity. In this embodiment, the friction balls 32 and the electrode layer 31 are in point contact, so that when the housing 1 and the carrier 2 rotate relatively, rolling friction can be carried out between the friction balls 32 and the electrode layer 31. This rolling friction, compared with the sliding friction in the prior art, can effectively reduce the movement resistance of the friction balls 32, make the rotation of the carrier 2 smoother, and reduce the energy loss during rotation. This is beneficial for the friction balls 32 to interact with the electrode layer 31 more efficiently, enhance the effect of charge induction and transfer, and thus improve the power generation efficiency of the triboelectric nanogenerator. At the same time, rolling friction can also reduce the friction loss between the friction balls 32 and the electrode layer 31, reduce the risk of component damage, reduce the costs caused by frequent maintenance and replacement of components, extend its service life, and improve the practicality of the triboelectric nanogenerator. In addition, in this embodiment, the friction balls 32 can fill the entire cavity 21. Combined with the rolling friction between the friction balls 32 and the electrode layer 31, it can reduce the situation that the carrier 2 shakes or deviates due to uneven friction, thereby further improving the rotation stability of the carrier 2 and reducing the occurrence of fluctuations in the power generation performance of the triboelectric nanogenerator caused by mechanical failures. At the same time, the housing 1 can be made of a lightweight and corrosion-resistant material and has good sealing and waterproof properties, which can further ensure that the triboelectric nanogenerator prepared in this embodiment can operate stably in a complex and harsh marine environment. The electrode layer 31 includes a non-touching electrode one 311 and electrode two 312. The electrode one 311 and the electrode two 312 are the same in shape, size, and thickness, and the electrode one 311 and the electrode two 312 respectively serve as the two output ports of the power generation unit.In this embodiment, each of the first electrodes 311 in multiple power generation units is connected in parallel in sequence, and each of the second electrodes 312 in multiple power generation units is connected in parallel in sequence. This parallel connection enables the multiple first electrodes 311 and the multiple second electrodes 312 in multiple power generation units to respectively form two large electrodes, so that the triboelectric nanogenerator in this embodiment is assembled as a whole into a generator that can output more electrical energy and provide a large current to meet the demand of powering more external devices.

[0029] In this embodiment, the distance between the first electrode 311 and the adjacent second electrode 312 can be 2 mm. Please refer to Figure 4 , the multiple first electrodes 311 and the multiple second electrodes 312 are alternately pasted on the inner wall of the housing 1 in sequence, and the multiple first electrodes 311 are respectively connected in parallel, and the multiple second electrodes 312 are respectively connected in parallel, so that the multiple first electrodes 311 and the multiple second electrodes 312 can form an interdigitated electrode layer 31. The interdigitated electrode layer 31 can improve the sensitivity, signal-to-noise ratio and response speed to the generated current of the assembled triboelectric nanogenerator, thus improving the power generation effect of the prepared triboelectric nanogenerator.

[0030] In addition, the number, width and thickness of the electrode layer 31 in this embodiment can all be adjusted according to actual application requirements. Appropriately increasing the number of the electrode layers 31 will increase the output current, thereby improving the charge collection efficiency. Adjusting the width and thickness of the electrode layer 31 can also optimize the conductivity and electric field distribution of the electrode layer 31. Therefore, in the actual application process, the appropriate number and appropriate size of the electrode layer 31 can be selected according to the application requirements of the triboelectric nanogenerator to be assembled.

[0031] The cross-section of the electrode layer 31 along the axial direction of the outer shell 1 can be a rectangular structure, enabling the electrode layer 31 to be laid flat on the inner wall of the outer shell 1. The electrode layer 31 can also be provided with a plurality of semi-circular grooves arranged in an array along the axial direction of the outer shell 1. When the electrode layer 31 is installed on the inner wall of the outer shell 1, the plurality of semi-circular grooves are arranged along the axial direction of the outer shell 1, and the diameter of the semi-circular grooves can be slightly larger than or equal to the diameter of the friction balls 32. The semi-circular grooves located on the same circumference of the plurality of electrode layers 31 can form a limiting groove with an annular structure, which is used to limit the friction balls when the carrier 2 rotates relative to the outer shell 1. And in the actual process of installing the friction balls 32, it can be ensured that the plurality of friction balls 32 with the same electro-negativity in the same row in the same cavity 21 are all installed in the same semi-circular groove on the first electrode or the same semi-circular groove on the second electrode, and the semi-circular grooves on the adjacent first electrodes 311 and the semi-circular grooves on the second electrodes 312 correspond one by one, so as to ensure that the friction balls 32 can roll between different electrode layers 31. In addition, by providing semi-circular grooves on the electrode layer 31, the contact area between the friction balls 32 and the electrode layer 31 can be increased. At the same time, the semi-circular grooves can also limit the rolling of the friction balls 32, enabling the friction balls 32 to roll along a specified trajectory, thereby improving the stability of the friction ball roller and also improving the power generation effect of the friction between the friction balls 32 and the electrode layer 31.

[0032] The surface of the friction ball 32 contains a dielectric material with an electro-negativity difference from the electrode layer 31, thereby realizing friction power generation with the electrode layer 31. Please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3, the friction ball 32 may include ball one 321 and ball two 322 with different electronegativities. After ball one 321 contacts the electrode layer 31 and ball two 322 contacts the electrode layer 31, opposite charges can be generated on ball one 321 and ball two 322. That is, in actual selection of the specific materials of ball one 321 and ball two 322, the materials can be selected as those located above and below the electrode layer 31 in the triboelectric series table respectively. That is, the material of ball one 321 is located above the electrode layer 31 in the triboelectric series table and the material of ball two 322 is located below the electrode layer 31; or the material of ball one 321 is located below the electrode layer 31 in the triboelectric series table and the material of ball two 322 is located above the electrode layer 31. During the actual operation process, ball one 321 can be placed in one of the cavities 21, and ball two 322 can be placed in the cavity 21 adjacent to ball one 321, so that ball one 321 and ball two 322 are respectively placed in every two adjacent cavities 21. And in this embodiment, the friction ball 32 placed in the cavity 21 will contact the electrode layer 31 on the inner wall of the outer shell 1. Therefore, when the carrier 2 rotates relative to the outer shell 1, the friction ball 32 in the cavity 21 can contact different electrode layers 31 under the relative rotation of the carrier 2 and the outer shell 1, so as to achieve the purpose of triboelectric power generation. At the same time, in this embodiment, by placing the friction balls 32 with different electronegativities in two adjacent cavities 21, when the carrier 2 rotates relative to the outer shell 1, the induced charge amounts of ball one 321 and ball two 322 with different electronegativities will increase in the same rotation time. Therefore, the power generation effect of the triboelectric nanogenerator in this embodiment can be further enhanced.

[0033] In this embodiment, the outer shell 1 and the carrier 2 can be of a sleeve-like cylindrical structure, and the outer diameter of the carrier 2 is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the outer shell 1. Both the outer shell 1 and the carrier 2 can be made of insulating materials. The specific diameters and heights of the outer shell 1 and the carrier 2 can be designed according to the installation space required and the electrical energy to be output by the friction nanogenerator formed. However, when designing, the gap between the two needs to be defined so that the friction ball 32 can generate frictional electricity with the electrode layer 31 when the carrier 2 and the outer shell 1 rotate relative to each other. The outer shell 1 and the carrier 2 can be concentrically arranged through a rotating shaft 22. The carrier 2 is fixedly installed on the rotating shaft 22, and the outer shell 1 can be connected to the rotating shaft 22 through a bearing and sleeved outside the carrier 2. Two circular baffles 25 are fixedly installed on both end faces of the carrier 2. The inner diameter of the baffle 25 can be the same as the inner diameter of the carrier 2 and the outer diameter of the baffle 25 is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the outer shell 1. A plurality of protrusions 24 can be provided on the carrier 2. Both the protrusions 24 and the baffles 25 can be installed on the carrier 2 by pasting. This enables, during the actual assembly process, the carrier 2 with the bottom baffle 25 and a plurality of protrusions 24 pasted thereon to be placed in the outer shell 1 first, then the friction balls 32 are placed in each placement cavity, and finally the upper baffle 25 is pasted onto the carrier 2. Thus, the installation of the power generation components between the carrier 2 and the outer shell 1 is achieved. In addition, during the actual application process, the installation sequence of various components such as the installation between the carrier 2 and the outer shell 1, the protrusions 24 on the carrier 2, and the baffles 25 can be adjusted according to the actual installation requirements.

[0034] The plurality of protrusions 24 can be circumferentially distributed at equal intervals along the outer side wall of the carrier 2. Each adjacent pair of protrusions 24, two baffles 25, and the carrier 2 enclose a cavity 21. And in this embodiment, the diameter of the friction ball 32 can be slightly larger than the depth of the cavity 21 so that when the friction ball 32 is installed in the cavity 21, it can protrude from the cavity 21 and contact the electrode layer 31 on the inner wall of the outer shell 1. The protrusions 24 are also made of insulating materials, and the protrusions 24 can be protrusions 24 with a linear structure, a wavy structure, or a spiral structure. The shapes of the first electrode 311 and the second electrode 312 also need to be consistent with the shape of the protrusions 24.

[0035] It can be understood that, please refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7, when actually assembling the triboelectric nanogenerator, the shape, size, and width of electrode 1 311 are the same as those of cavity 21, so that the first balls 321 and the second balls 322 in adjacent cavities 21 can respectively contact electrode 1 311 and electrode 2 312 in the electrode layer 31. That is, the first balls 321 located in the same cavity 21 can all form effective contact with electrode 1 311, and the second balls 322 can all effectively contact electrode 2 312. By maximizing the induction area of the electrodes in a limited space, the charge induction amounts of electrode 1 311 and electrode 2 312 can be significantly increased, thereby improving the power generation efficiency of the triboelectric nanogenerator.

[0036] When the triboelectric nanogenerator of this embodiment is used to collect external energy such as water energy or wave energy, the sealing performance of the housing 1 needs to be considered. Therefore, in the actual preparation process, the housing 1 is generally made of a material with light weight, corrosion resistance, good sealing, and waterproof properties. Through the above operations, it is possible to better prevent seawater from entering the interior of the triboelectric nanogenerator, avoid corrosion of the electrode layer 31 and other components, and further ensure that the triboelectric nanogenerator prepared in this embodiment can operate stably in a complex and harsh marine environment, reducing the occurrence of failures of the triboelectric nanogenerator due to environmental factors and mechanical problems.

[0037] Please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 5 , a non-uniform counterweight 23 can be arranged in the carrier 2 so that the center of gravity of the carrier 2 does not coincide with the rotation axis 22 of the carrier 2. Through this setting, the carrier 2 can form an eccentric structure. Therefore, when the triboelectric nanogenerator with the above structure is applied to the ocean to collect wave energy, due to the eccentric structure of the carrier 2, the housing 1 and the carrier 2 of the triboelectric nanogenerator will rotate relative to each other under the action of wave energy, and under the same wave impact force, the eccentric design can drive the carrier 2 to swing relative to the housing 1 multiple times. The swing frequency can be adjusted according to the eccentricity, prompting the friction balls to repeatedly contact and rub different electrode layers 31, and significantly improving the power generation efficiency by increasing the number of charge transfer times.

[0038] Please refer to Figure 7 , the counterweight 23 can be a counterweight 23 with a sector-shaped cross-section, and a through hole concentric with the rotating shaft 22 is provided on the counterweight 23. The carrier 2 can be fixedly installed on the rotating shaft 22 through the through hole. In the actual application process, a counterweight 23 with a suitable size, shape, and weight can be selected according to the actual application scenario of the triboelectric nanogenerator, so that there is a relatively appropriate rotation speed between the carrier 2 and the housing 1, thereby improving the accuracy and stability of charge induction between the friction balls 32 and the electrode layer 31, and thus improving the power generation efficiency of the triboelectric nanogenerator.

[0039] In the actual application process, the triboelectric nanogenerator can also be externally connected with a driving component. The rotating shaft 22 can pass through the housing 1 to connect to the driving component, and the driving component is used to drive the carrier 2 to rotate relative to the housing 1. It can be understood that the driving component in this embodiment can be used to convert external energy in the forms of wind energy, wave energy, water energy, etc. into mechanical energy that can drive the carrier 2 to rotate relative to the housing 1. Through this setting, relative rotation between the carrier 2 and the housing 1 can be achieved, so that the friction balls 32 located between the carrier 2 and the housing 1 can rub between different electrode layers 31 to generate electricity.

[0040] The following are several specific structural forms of the driving component that can be listed.

[0041] The first type: The driving component can include a permanent magnet and an external magnetic field, and the permanent magnet can be fixedly installed inside the carrier 2. In this solution, the rotation of the carrier 2 relative to the housing 1 can be driven by precisely controlling the intensity, direction, and frequency of the external magnetic field, so as to utilize the magnetic force generated between the external magnetic field and the permanent magnet.

[0042] The second type: The driving component can be an existing hydraulic system. The hydraulic system has the characteristics of large output force and stable torque, and can utilize the huge impact force of ocean waves, thereby improving the stability of the output of the entire triboelectric nanogenerator. When selecting the hydraulic system as the driving source, the rotation of the carrier 2 relative to the housing 1 can be driven through the driving of the pump, cylinder, and pipeline in the hydraulic system to achieve the purpose of generating electricity. By controlling the oil pressure and flow rate, different intensities of wave impacts can be matched to avoid system overload or insufficient power; at the same time, by precisely controlling the rotation speed and acceleration of the carrier 2, the contact frequency and friction intensity between the friction balls and the electrode layer 31 can be optimized, and then the output voltage or current of the triboelectric nanogenerator can be adjusted. In addition, the rotation speed and acceleration of the carrier 2 can also be precisely controlled by adjusting the flow rate and pressure of the hydraulic system, so as to adjust the output voltage or current of the triboelectric nanogenerator outward.

[0043] The third type: The driving component can include an oscillating water column chamber, an air turbine system, a mechanical transmission device, and auxiliary components. Among them, the oscillating water column chamber is used to capture wave energy, and the air turbine system can convert the kinetic energy of air flow into mechanical energy; the mechanical transmission device is used to transmit rotational kinetic energy, and the auxiliary components ensure the stable operation of the system. Its driving principle is based on air-liquid coupling energy conversion. Wave energy pushes the water column in the oscillating water column chamber to reciprocate, so as to compress / expand the air column to generate air flow; the air flow drives the air turbine system to rotate, and then the rotational mechanical energy of the carrier 2 is obtained by converting the kinetic energy of the air flow through the mechanical transmission device, so as to achieve the rotation of the carrier 2 relative to the housing 1.

[0044] It can be understood that the specific structure of the driving component in this embodiment can be any one of the above three. However, other driving components in the prior art that can convert external energy into the rotation of the driving carrier 2 can also be applied to this solution to drive the carrier 2.

[0045] The housing 1 can be of a split structure. Here is an example of a specific split structure of the housing 1. Please refer to Figure 1 , which includes an outer cylinder 11 with an opening and a cover 12. The cover 12 is detachably installed at one end of the outer cylinder 11 with the opening. By setting the housing 1 as a split structure, the carrier 2 can be quickly installed in the housing 1. In addition, when the housing 1 is set as a powder structure, a sealing ring can be provided at the connection between the cover 12 and the outer cylinder 11 to enhance the sealing performance of the housing 1. A sealing ring can also be provided at the connection between the outer cylinder 11 and the rotating shaft 22 to enhance the sealing performance of the outer cylinder 11. In this embodiment, the cover 12 and the outer cylinder 11 can be fixedly connected by a plurality of screws.

[0046] In the actual application process, the number of carriers 2 can be multiple. The multiple carriers 2 can be sequentially installed in the housing 1 along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 22, and two adjacent carriers 2 do not contact each other. Each carrier 2 rotates relative to the housing 1 independently. Through this setting, the power generation performance of the assembled triboelectric nanogenerator can be further improved.

[0047] In addition, in the actual application process, multiple triboelectric nanogenerators can also be connected by a flexible connection method so that the triboelectric nanogenerators can form a larger power generation device. The flexible connection between multiple triboelectric nanogenerators enables them to adapt to wave energy at different depths when applied to collect wave energy, thereby improving the collection efficiency of wave energy.

[0048] The housing 1 can be made of carbon fiber reinforced composite material, which has the advantages of high strength, low density, high stiffness and good corrosion resistance. A higher carbon fiber content can improve the strength and stiffness of the prepared housing 1 and ensure the structural stability of the housing 1 prepared by the above materials.

[0049] The housing 1 can also be made of ceramic matrix composite material. The ceramic matrix composite material has high hardness. Preparing it into the housing 1 enables the triboelectric nanogenerator in this embodiment to be resistant to the attachment of marine organisms and mechanical collisions when applied to the marine field. Moreover, the ceramic matrix composite material has good corrosion resistance and can effectively resist the erosion of seawater, extending the service life of the triboelectric nanogenerator.

[0050] In the actual selection process, the first small ball 321 and the second small ball 322 can select two dielectric materials with opposite electronegativities compared to the electrode layer 31. That is, it can be understood that the electronegativity of the first small ball 321 is greater than that of the electrode layer 31 and the electronegativity of the electrode layer 31 is greater than that of the second small ball 322; or the electronegativity of the first small ball 321 is less than that of the electrode layer 31 and the electronegativity of the electrode layer 31 is less than that of the second small ball 322. On this basis, the greater the difference in electronegativity between the first small ball 321 and the second small ball 322, the better the power generation effect. For example, the first small ball 321 can be a PTFE small ball and the second small ball 322 can be a nylon small ball. The electrode layer 31 can be any one of a copper electrode, an aluminum electrode, or a silver electrode. Among them, the copper electrode is a commonly used electrode material, which has good high conductivity, high thermal conductivity, good processability, and corrosion resistance. The aluminum electrode has the advantages of low density and relatively low cost, and can reduce the overall weight of the device on the premise of ensuring a certain conductivity. The silver electrode has extremely high conductivity, can significantly reduce the electrode resistance, and improve the charge transfer efficiency. In the actual use process, the appropriate electrode material can be selected according to the actual power generation requirements.

[0051] In addition, the overall structure of the triboelectric nanogenerator of the present invention is relatively simple, reducing the use of complex components, and common and low-cost materials are used as raw materials for assembly during manufacturing, such as copper electrodes, engineering plastic substrates, etc., effectively reducing the manufacturing cost of the triboelectric nanogenerator.

[0052] As can be seen from the above description, in this embodiment, by flexibly adjusting the electrode parameters (such as the number, width, and thickness of the electrodes), dimensions (such as the diameters and heights of the carrier 2 and the outer shell 1, and the diameter of the friction small ball 32), and by selecting counterweight blocks 23 with different weights to adjust the eccentricity between the carrier 2 and the outer shell 1, etc., the assembled triboelectric nanogenerator can be optimized according to different application scenarios (such as shallow sea and deep sea areas) and energy conversion requirements, thereby improving the practicability of the triboelectric nanogenerator provided in this embodiment.

[0053] The above describes the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments. What is described in the above embodiments and the specification is only the principle of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present invention claimed. The scope of protection required by the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A columnar triboelectric nanogenerator based on a rolling ball, characterized in that, It includes: A sealed housing (1), A carrier (2) which is arranged inside the housing (1) and there is a gap between them that allows the carrier (2) to swing or rotate relative to the housing (1); multiple cavities (21) are arranged in an array on the surface of the carrier (2); A power generation assembly which includes multiple power generation units, and each power generation unit is respectively arranged in the gap; each power generation unit includes an electrode layer (31) distributed on the inner wall of the housing (1) and friction balls (32) located in the cavities (21); the electrode layer (31) includes a non - contacting electrode one (311) and electrode two (312), and the two are respectively used as the two output ports of the power generation unit; the surface of the friction balls (32) contains a dielectric material with an electro - negativity difference from the electrode layer (31), so as to achieve friction power generation with the electrode layer (31); the friction balls (32) of each power generation unit at least adopt two dielectric materials that generate opposite charges after contacting the electrode layer (31), and the friction balls (32) using different dielectric materials are alternately distributed in the array of the cavities (21); the output ports of the electrode ones (311) using the same dielectric material are connected in parallel, and the output ports of the electrode twos (312) using the same dielectric material are connected in parallel.

2. The columnar triboelectric nanogenerator based on a rolling ball according to claim 1, characterized in that, The housing (1) is of a columnar structure and has a cylindrical groove on its inner side; the carrier (2) is a circular tube structure with a through - slot, and the two are concentrically assembled through a rotating shaft (22); the carrier (2) is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft (22), and the housing (1) is installed on the rotating shaft (22) through a bearing and sleeved outside the carrier (2).

3. The columnar triboelectric nanogenerator based on a rolling ball as claimed in claim 1, wherein A non - uniform counterweight (23) is arranged in the carrier (2) so that the center of gravity of the carrier (2) does not coincide with the rotation axis (22) of the carrier (2).

4. The columnar triboelectric nanogenerator based on a rolling ball according to claim 1, wherein The rotating shaft (22) penetrates through the housing (1) and is connected to a driving assembly, and the driving assembly is used to drive the rotating shaft (22) to rotate by using wind energy, wave energy or other external energy, so that the carrier (2) can rotate relative to the housing (1), thereby achieving power generation.

5. The columnar triboelectric nanogenerator based on a rolling ball according to claim 1, characterized in that The housing (1) is of a split structure, which includes an outer cylinder (11) with an opening and a cover (12), and the cover (12) is detachably installed at the end of the outer cylinder (11) with the opening.

6. The columnar triboelectric nanogenerator based on a rolling ball according to claim 1, wherein The carrier (2) is of a cylindrical structure, and circular - ring - shaped baffles (25) with a diameter larger than the carrier (2) and smaller than the inner diameter of the housing (1) are installed on both end faces of the carrier (2); multiple protrusions (24) are equidistantly arranged outward on the outer wall of the carrier (2), and the multiple protrusions (24) are circumferentially distributed on the outer wall of the carrier (2), and the cavities (21) are formed between two adjacent protrusions (24), the two baffles (25) and the carrier (2).

7. The columnar triboelectric nanogenerator based on rolling balls according to claim 1, characterized in that, A plurality of the first electrodes (311) are connected in parallel in sequence along the inner wall of the housing (1), and a plurality of the second electrodes (312) are connected in parallel in sequence along the inner wall of the housing (1), so as to form the electrode layer (31) arranged in an interdigital manner.

8. The columnar triboelectric nanogenerator based on a rolling ball according to claim 2, wherein, The number of the carriers (2) is plural, and the plural carriers (2) are sequentially installed in the housing (1) along the axial direction of the rotating shaft (22), and two adjacent carriers (2) do not contact each other; each carrier (2) can rotate independently relative to the housing (1).

9. The columnar triboelectric nanogenerator based on a rolling ball according to claim 1, wherein, The electrode layer (31) is provided with a plurality of semicircular grooves arranged in an array along the axial direction of the housing (1), and the semicircular grooves located on the same circumference on the plural electrode layers (31) can enclose a limiting groove in an annular structure, and the limiting groove is used for limiting the movement of the friction balls when the carrier (2) rotates relative to the housing (1).

10. The columnar triboelectric nanogenerator based on a rolling ball according to claim 1, wherein The friction balls (32) include a first ball (321) and a second ball (322) with different electronegativities, the first ball (321) is a PTFE ball, and the second ball (322) is a nylon ball; And / or, the electrode layer (31) is any one of a copper electrode, an aluminum electrode, and a silver electrode.

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