Multidirectional magnetic field energy harvesting device based on magneto-electro-mechanical effect

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of magnetic field energy harvesting, and particularly relates to a multidirectional magnetic field energy harvesting device based on a magneto-electro-mechanical effect. The multidirectional magnetic field energy harvesting device based on the magneto-electro-mechanical effect comprises a supporting assembly which comprises a supporting rod arranged in the first direction and a longitudinal beam which is arranged in the second direction and has elastic restoring force; the energy harvesting assembly comprises a cross beam which is arranged in the third direction and has elastic restoring force, a piezoelectric plate which is arranged on the cross beam and elastically deforms synchronously with the cross beam and magnetic parts which are connected with the cross beam and can generate a magnetic field, the cross beam is connected with the longitudinal beam, and the magnetic parts are arranged at the two ends of the cross beam; the connecting position of the cross beam and the longitudinal beam is located between the two magnetic pieces, and the first direction, the second direction and the third direction are arranged in a pairwise orthogonal mode. The piezoelectric patch can continuously convert magnetic field energy into electric energy, and energy harvesting in the magnetic field is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of magnetic field energy capture, and particularly relates to a multi-directional magnetic field energy capture device based on the magneto-electromechanical effect. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of the Internet of Things (IoT), battery-powered wireless sensors and transceivers are facing huge challenges. Especially in the fields of transportation, infrastructure, manufacturing, and heavy industry, a large number of sensors are continuously monitoring the status of machines in real time to ensure the normal operation of the machines and the safety of personnel. At this time, hundreds of billions of sensors are continuously consuming the energy generated by batteries. Frequent maintenance and battery replacement have become infeasible, especially in harsh environments such as high altitudes and deep seas.

[0003] To address these challenges, energy harvesting technology has become a promising solution. By obtaining environmental energies such as vibration energy, wave energy, solar energy, and magnetic field energy, not only can the sustainability and efficiency of IoT devices be improved, but also a self-powered wireless sensor system can be realized, especially providing efficient energy supply for remote sensors.

[0004] Among them, in real life, alternating magnetic fields (Hac) with a frequency of 50 or 60 Hz are widely distributed, and most of them are stray and multi-directional. Therefore, it is particularly important to design an energy capture device that can harvest energy from common and easily accessible magnetic fields. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the embodiments of the present application is to provide a multi-directional magnetic field energy capture device based on the magneto-electromechanical effect, aiming to solve the problem of how to effectively capture energy in a magnetic field.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present application is: providing a multi-directional magnetic field energy capture device based on the magneto-electromechanical effect, which includes: A support assembly, including a support rod arranged along a first direction and a longitudinal beam arranged along a second direction and having an elastic restoring force; and An energy capture assembly, including a cross beam arranged along a third direction and having an elastic restoring force, a piezoelectric sheet arranged on the cross beam and elastically deforming synchronously with the cross beam, and a magnetic member connected to the cross beam and capable of generating a magnetic field. The cross beam is connected to the longitudinal beam, magnetic members are provided at both ends of the cross beam, and the connection position of the cross beam and the longitudinal beam is located between the two magnetic members. The first direction, the second direction, and the third direction are pairwise orthogonally arranged.

[0007] In some embodiments, along the first direction, the bottom end surface of the magnetic member is connected to the upper surface of the cross beam.

[0008] In some embodiments, the magnetic member includes a first magnet and a second magnet magnetically connected to the first magnet, and one end of the cross beam is clamped between the first magnet and the second magnet.

[0009] In some embodiments, the connection position of the longitudinal beam and the cross beam is at the same distance from the two magnetic members.

[0010] In some embodiments, the magnetic pole directions of the two magnetic members are opposite.

[0011] In some embodiments, along the second direction, the connection position of the cross beam and the magnetic member is at the same distance from the opposite ends of the magnetic member.

[0012] In some embodiments, two energy harvesting components are provided, and the two energy harvesting components are respectively located at both ends of the longitudinal beam, and the connection position of the longitudinal beam and the support rod is between the two cross beams.

[0013] In some embodiments, the connection position of the longitudinal beam and the support rod is at the same distance from the two cross beams.

[0014] In some embodiments, the piezoelectric sheet is provided on the longitudinal beam.

[0015] In some embodiments, the multi-directional magnetic field energy harvesting device based on the magneto-electromechanical effect further includes a base connecting the support rod, and the base and the longitudinal beam are respectively connected to the opposite ends of the support rod.

[0016] The beneficial effect of this application is that by arranging the multi-directional magnetic field energy harvesting device based on the magneto-electromechanical effect in an external magnetic field and fixing the support rod vertically, the external magnetic field can interact with the magnetic field generated by the magnetic member, so that the magnetic member moves in the external magnetic field, and the movement of the magnetic member will drive the cross beam and the longitudinal beam to synchronously undergo elastic deformation, and then the piezoelectric sheet will also deform and convert mechanical energy into electrical energy. The continuously changing external alternating magnetic field can make the magnetic member continuously move, and then the piezoelectric sheet continuously converts magnetic field energy into electrical energy, realizing energy harvesting in the magnetic field. Description of the Drawings

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the embodiments or exemplary technical descriptions. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings.

[0018] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the multi-directional magnetic field energy harvesting device based on the magneto-electromechanical effect provided by the embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 It is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of a multi-directional magnetic field energy harvesting device based on the magneto-electromechanical effect provided by another embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 It is Figure 2 a schematic diagram of the energy harvesting principle of the multi-directional magnetic field energy harvesting device based on the magneto-electromechanical effect when the excitation magnetic field is along the first direction; Figure 4 It is Figure 2 a schematic diagram of the energy harvesting principle of the multi-directional magnetic field energy harvesting device based on the magneto-electromechanical effect when the excitation magnetic field is along the second direction; Figure 5 It is Figure 2 a schematic diagram of the energy harvesting principle of the multi-directional magnetic field energy harvesting device based on the magneto-electromechanical effect when the excitation magnetic field is along the third direction.

[0019] Among them, the reference numerals in the figures are as follows: 100, multi-directional magnetic field energy harvesting device based on the magneto-electromechanical effect; 101, energy harvesting component; 102, support component; 10, magnetic part; 11, first magnet; 12, second magnet; 20, piezoelectric sheet; 30, cross beam; 60, longitudinal beam; 40, base; 50, support rod; Specific embodiments

[0020] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present application.

[0021] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as "fixed to" or "disposed on" another component, it can be directly on the other component or indirectly on the other component. When a component is referred to as "connected to" another component, it can be directly or indirectly connected to the other component. The orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to specific circumstances. The terms "first" and "second" are only used for the purpose of convenient description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features. The meaning of "a plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0022] Please refer to Figures 1 to 2, an embodiment of the present application provides a multi-directional magnetic field energy harvesting device 100 based on the magneto-electromechanical effect, which can convert energy from an external magnetic field. Among them, the magnetic field in the external environment can be generated by other electrical devices, such as power transmission cable devices, industrial machinery, and household appliances. These electrical devices are connected to alternating current and can generate an alternating magnetic field (Hac). The magnetic field direction of this magnetic field changes continuously, and the magnetic field strength also changes erratically. Moreover, the magnetic field has multiple magnetic field directions, and the frequency range of the magnetic field can be 50 - 60 Hz, such as 50 Hz, 51 Hz, 53 Hz, 54 Hz, 55.3 Hz, 56 Hz, 57 Hz, 58 Hz, 59.2 Hz, 60 Hz. There is no limitation here, and it can be selected according to the actual situation.

[0023] The multi-directional magnetic field energy harvesting device 100 based on the magneto-electromechanical effect includes a support assembly 102 and an energy harvesting assembly 101 connected to the support assembly 102.

[0024] Please refer to Figures 1 to 2 , the support assembly 102 includes a support rod 50 arranged along the first direction and a longitudinal beam 60 arranged along the second direction and having an elastic restoring force; it can be understood that the first direction is along the vertical direction and is represented as the Z direction, and the second direction is along the horizontal direction and is represented as the Y direction. The longitudinal beam 60 is a long strip-shaped thin sheet and is horizontally supported on the support rod 50. Under the action of an external force, the longitudinal beam 60 can undergo corresponding elastic deformation, and after the external force is withdrawn, the longitudinal beam 60 returns to its original state. Of course, when the longitudinal beam 60 is subjected to a periodic external force, the longitudinal beam 60 can repeatedly undergo elastic deformation.

[0025] The energy harvesting assembly 101 includes a cross beam 30 arranged along the third direction and having an elastic restoring force, a piezoelectric sheet 20 provided on the cross beam 30 and elastically deforming synchronously with the cross beam 30, and a magnetic member 10 connected to the cross beam 30 and capable of generating a magnetic field.

[0026] Please refer to Figures 1 to 2It can be understood that the third direction is also along the horizontal direction and is expressed as the X direction. The crossbeam 30 is arranged horizontally and connected to the longitudinal beam 60. The magnetic member 10 is provided at both ends of the crossbeam 30, and the connection position between the crossbeam 30 and the longitudinal beam 60 is located between the two magnetic members 10. The first direction, the second direction and the third direction are arranged orthogonally in pairs, that is, any two of the first direction, the second direction and the third direction are perpendicular. The crossbeam 30 is also a long thin sheet, which is far away from the connection position between the longitudinal beam 60 and the support rod 50 and is horizontally connected to one end of the longitudinal beam 60. Under the action of external force, the crossbeam 30 can undergo corresponding elastic deformation, and after the external force is withdrawn, the crossbeam 30 returns to its original state. Of course, when the crossbeam 30 is subjected to periodic external force, the crossbeam 30 can repeatedly undergo elastic deformation. During the elastic deformation of the crossbeam 30, it can drive the piezoelectric sheet 20 to undergo elastic deformation synchronously, so that the piezoelectric sheet 20 converts mechanical energy into electrical energy.

[0027] See also Figures 1 to 2 In the embodiment of the present application, a multi-directional magnetic field energy capture device 100 based on magneto-electromechanical effect is arranged in an external magnetic field excitation, and the support rod 50 is fixed in the vertical direction. The external magnetic field can interact with the magnetic field generated by the magnetic component 10, so that the magnetic component 10 moves in the external magnetic field. The movement of the magnetic component 10 will drive the cross beam 30 and the longitudinal beam 60 to undergo elastic deformation synchronously, thereby causing the piezoelectric film 20 to also deform and convert mechanical energy into electrical energy. The constantly changing external AC magnetic field can cause the magnetic component 10 to move continuously, thereby causing the piezoelectric film 20 to continuously convert the magnetic field energy into electrical energy, thereby realizing energy capture in the magnetic field.

[0028] See also Figures 1 to 2 Optionally, the material of the longitudinal beam 60 and the cross beam 30 can be metal, such as metal steel. In the present embodiment, the longitudinal beam 60 and the cross beam 30 are both spring steel. Spring steel has a relatively high mechanical quality factor. Compared with copper, spring steel helps to enhance the magneto-electromechanical coupling effect, thereby increasing the output power. Spring steel is a special steel material with good elasticity and toughness that can return to its original shape after being subjected to force. It is widely used in the manufacture of various springs and other parts that are subjected to repeated loads or impacts. Specifically, spring steel has good recovery ability and can quickly return to its original shape after elastic deformation under the action of external force. It can withstand long-term repeated loading and has good fatigue resistance.

[0029] See also Figures 1 to 2, optionally, the thicknesses of the longitudinal beam 60 and the cross beam 30 both range from 0.3 to 0.5 mm, such as 0.3 mm, 0.32 mm, 0.35 mm, 0.39 mm, 0.41 mm, 0.42 mm, 0.43 mm, 0.45 mm, 0.48 mm, 0.49 mm, 0.5 mm, which can be selected according to the actual situation and are not limited herein.

[0030] Please refer to Figures 1 to 2 , optionally, the piezoelectric sheet 20 is flat, and the thickness of the piezoelectric sheet 20 is 0.1 to 0.2 mm, such as 0.1 mm, 0.12 mm, 0.15 mm, 0.18 mm, 0.19 mm, 0.2 mm. The piezoelectric sheet 20 can be adhesively fixed to the cross beam 30 with glue and is located between the connection position of the cross beam 30 and the longitudinal beam 60 and the connection position of the cross beam 30 and the magnetic member 10.

[0031] Please refer to Figures 1 to 2 , optionally, the piezoelectric sheet 20 is located on the upper surface or the lower surface of the cross beam 30, or piezoelectric sheets 20 are provided on both the upper surface and the lower surface of the cross beam 30. Multiple piezoelectric sheets 20 can be provided, and the respective piezoelectric sheets 20 are integrally formed, and both ends of the piezoelectric sheet 20 extend to the two magnetic members 10 respectively to cover the surface area of the entire cross beam 30 between the two magnetic members 10.

[0032] Please refer to Figures 1 to 2 , the piezoelectric sheet 20 can be a ceramic piezoelectric sheet 20, and the ceramic piezoelectric sheet 20 converts the magnetic field excitation into electric energy through the piezoelectric effect. The piezoelectric effect is a phenomenon of the interchange between mechanical energy and electric energy in dielectric materials, and the piezoelectric effect includes the direct piezoelectric effect and the inverse piezoelectric effect. When the piezoelectric sheet 20 is subjected to an external mechanical force, it becomes polarized, and bound charges with opposite signs appear on the surfaces at both ends of the piezoelectric sheet 20, and the charge density is proportional to the external mechanical force. This phenomenon is called the direct piezoelectric effect.

[0033] Please refer to Figures 1 to 2 , in some embodiments, along the first direction, the bottom end surface of the magnetic member 10 is connected to the upper surface of the cross beam 30.

[0034] Optionally, the connection of the bottom end surface of the magnetic member 10 to the upper surface of the cross beam 30 ensures the stable fixation of the magnetic member 10 on the cross beam 30, and when the magnetic member 10 is subjected to an external excitation magnetic field, the magnetic member 10 can effectively transfer the torque, causing the cross beam 30 to generate sufficient deformation to drive the piezoelectric sheet 20 to work, thereby improving the energy conversion efficiency.

[0035] Please refer to Figure 1, in some embodiments, the magnetic member 10 includes a first magnet 11 and a second magnet 12 magnetically attracted to the first magnet 11, and one end of the cross beam 30 is clamped between the first magnet 11 and the second magnet 12.

[0036] Optionally, the structural shapes and functional parameters of the first magnet 11 and the second magnet 12 are the same, that is, the first magnet 11 and the second magnet 12 are equivalent, which is convenient for mass production and replacement. For example, when the first magnet 11 has a problem, only the first magnet 11 needs to be replaced, and the second magnet 12 can be retained, improving the convenience of maintenance.

[0037] Please refer to Figure 1 , the first magnet 11 and the second magnet 12 are magnetically attracted to each other. The first magnet 11 is located above the second magnet 12. Along the first direction, the distance from the cross beam 30 to the upper end face of the first magnet 11 is equal to the distance from the cross beam 30 to the lower end face of the second magnet 12.

[0038] Please refer to Figure 1 , optionally, the magnetic attraction connection structure of the first magnet 11 and the second magnet 12 is adopted, so that the cross beam 30 can be firmly clamped by the first magnet 11 and the second magnet 12, and at the same time, it is ensured that the magnetic member 10 will not loosen easily during the movement. The structural complexity caused by mechanical fixation is reduced, and at the same time, the assembly convenience and reliability of the components are improved.

[0039] Optionally, both the first magnet 11 and the second magnet 12 can be permanent magnets, static magnets or constant magnets, and there is no limitation here, and they can be selected according to the actual situation.

[0040] It can be understood that the magnetic member 10 further includes a third magnet, a fourth magnet... an Nth magnet. Through different combinations, for example, the first magnet 11 and the second magnet 12 are magnetically attracted to each other, or the first magnet 11, the second magnet 12 and the third magnet are magnetically attracted to each other, the mass of the magnetic member can be adjusted, and then the natural frequency of the multi-directional magnetic field energy capture device based on the magneto-electromechanical effect can be adjusted to adapt to external magnetic fields of different frequencies and improve the scope of use.

[0041] The first magnet 11, the second magnet 12, the third magnet... the Nth magnet are equivalent in mass and structural size and can be replaced with each other, or the masses of the first magnet 11, the second magnet 12, the third magnet... the Nth magnet change in a geometric progression or an arithmetic progression to adjust the natural frequency of the multi-directional magnetic field energy capture device based on the magneto-electromechanical effect in a larger range and improve the flexibility of natural frequency adjustment.

[0042] Please refer to Figures 1 to 2 , in some embodiments, the connection position of the longitudinal beam 60 and the cross beam 30 is at the same distance from the two magnetic members 10.

[0043] Optionally, the two magnetic members 10 are symmetrically arranged with respect to the connection position of the cross beam 30 and the longitudinal beam 60, so that when the two magnetic members 10 are excited by a magnetic field, the cross beam 30 can maintain good dynamic balance, and the mechanical torques exerted by the two magnetic members 10 on the cross beam 30 are basically the same, which helps to improve the conversion efficiency of mechanical energy into electrical energy and reduce the energy loss caused by non-linear vibration.

[0044] Please refer to Figures 1 to 2 , in some embodiments, the magnetic polarities of the two magnetic members 10 are opposite.

[0045] Optionally, along the direction from bottom to top, the magnetic poles of one of the magnetic members 10 are S pole and N pole in sequence, and the magnetic poles of the other magnetic member 10 are N pole and S pole in sequence.

[0046] The opposite magnetic polarities of the two magnetic members 10 enable the cross beam 30 to obtain a greater driving force under the action of an alternating magnetic field, enhancing the deformation response of the cross beam 30, thereby improving the energy conversion efficiency of the piezoelectric sheet 20.

[0047] Please refer to Figures 1 to 2 , in some embodiments, along the second direction, the connection positions of the cross beam 30 and the magnetic members 10 are equidistant from the opposite ends of the magnetic members 10.

[0048] Optionally, the connection positions of the cross beam 30 and the magnetic members 10 are equidistant from the opposite ends of the magnetic members 10, ensuring that when the cross beam 30 is stressed, symmetrical elastic deformations can occur at both ends of the cross beam 30, improving the stability and consistency of energy conversion, avoiding uneven structural stress caused by eccentric torque, and improving the energy conversion efficiency.

[0049] Please refer to Figures 1 to 2 , in some embodiments, two energy harvesting components 101 are provided, and the two energy harvesting components 101 are respectively located at both ends of the longitudinal beam 60, and the connection position of the longitudinal beam 60 and the support rod 50 is located between the two cross beams 30.

[0050] Optionally, two energy harvesting components 101 are used, so that the multi-directional magnetic field energy harvesting device 100 based on the magneto-electro-mechanical effect can respond to changes in magnetic field excitation in a larger range and further improve the energy collection ability.

[0051] Please refer to Figures 1 to 2 , in some embodiments, the connection position of the longitudinal beam 60 and the support rod 50 is equidistant from the two cross beams 30.

[0052] Optionally, the two energy harvesting components 101 are symmetrically arranged with respect to the connection positions of the longitudinal beam 60 and the support rod 50, such that the overall structure of the multi-directional energy harvesting component 101 is in the shape of a gecko. The centroid m0 of the structure formed by the two energy harvesting components 101 and the longitudinal beam 60 is located on the support rod 50. This structure can generate a synergistic bending and twisting modal response in three dimensions, showing flexibility in collecting weak magnetic field excitation energy. This structure can collect energy simultaneously in multiple directions and can achieve high energy output at the same resonance frequency (50 - 60 Hz), that is, the natural frequency of the multi-directional magnetic field energy harvesting device 100 based on the magnetoelectric effect is the same as the frequency of the magnetic field excitation, so that the multi-directional magnetic field energy harvesting device 100 based on the magnetoelectric effect can resonate in three directions (X, Y, Z) at the same frequency.

[0053] Please refer to Figures 1 to 2 , it can be understood that by adjusting the mass of the magnetic member 10, the natural frequency of the structure can be adjusted. Since the longitudinal beam 60 and the two cross beams 30 are in a symmetrical structure, the symmetrical structure can improve the stability of the device and has a relatively high equivalent stiffness. Thus, when the mass of the magnetic member 10 is increased, the natural frequency of the multi-directional magnetic field energy harvesting device 100 based on the magnetoelectric effect will not be significantly reduced. For example, when the fixed frequency of the multi-directional magnetic field energy harvesting device 100 based on the magnetoelectric effect is 50 Hz, this structure can bear a greater magnetic load, that is, the mass of a single magnetic member 10 is greater, or the number of magnetic members 10 carried is more. The natural frequency of the multi-directional magnetic field energy harvesting device 100 based on the magnetoelectric effect is adapted to the frequency of the external magnetic field excitation. The greater the mass of the magnetic member 10, the greater the torque it generates on the cross beam 30 and the longitudinal beam 60. Thus, the cross beam 30 and the longitudinal beam 60 can generate greater elastic deformation, ultimately increasing the electrical energy output of the piezoelectric sheet 20 and improving the conversion efficiency of the magnetic field excitation into mechanical energy.

[0054] Please refer to Figure 3 , for example, when the direction of the external magnetic field is along the first direction, the Z direction, the torques of the two magnetic members 10 can cause the cross beam 30 to undergo in-phase bending deformation, causing one end of the cross beam 30 to bend downward and the other end of the cross beam 30 to bend upward. At the same time, the longitudinal beam 60 also undergoes torsional deformation, as Figure 3As shown by the arrows. For the sake of convenience of description, the four magnetic members 10 are respectively distinguished by subscripts 11, 12, 21, and 22. Among them, the two magnetic members 10 with subscripts 11 and 12 are located in the same energy harvesting component 101, and the two magnetic members 10 with subscripts 21 and 22 are located in another energy harvesting component 101. The four magnetic members 10 generate magnetic moments around the Y axis, Ty11 = Ty12 = Ty21 = Ty22, so that the two ends of the cross beam 30 can be excited to be in an anti-phase bending mode. In this anti-phase bending mode, it can be observed that the deformation of the cross beam 30 causes the mass center m0 of the two energy harvesting components 101 to oscillate around the y axis, and the net torque of the clamping mass center (the connection between the longitudinal beam 60 and the support rod 50) around the y axis is not zero (Ty ≠ 0). The four magnetic members 10 are arranged centrosymmetrically around the clamping mass center.

[0055] However, for other single-sided energy harvesting devices, torques are generated at the central clamping mass m0 (Tx ≠ 0, Ty ≠ 0). In this device, the net torque of the clamping mass m0 around the X axis can be reduced (Tx1 + Tx2 = 0), so that energy loss can be reduced during operation. And due to the symmetric structure, it is more stable during the repeated movement of each magnetic member 10, allowing more magnetic members 10 to have higher magnetic torques, so that greater beam deformations are generated on the cross beam 30 and the longitudinal beam 60. Therefore, in actual operation, the output power of the multi-directional magnetic field energy harvesting device 100 based on the magnetoelectric effect under the z-direction magnetic field excitation can be greatly improved.

[0056] Please refer to Figure 4 , when the external magnetic field direction is along the second direction, the Y direction, the magnetic members 10 at both ends of a single cross beam 30 can generate a pair of magnetic torques and cause the cross beam 30 to generate torsional elastic deformation, as Figure 4 shown by the arrows. Due to the structural symmetry, the magnetic torque of the clamping mass center m0 (Tx1 + Tx2 = 0, Ty1 + Ty2 = 0) is also zero, resulting in extremely low clamping loss. Specifically, although there are non-zero magnetic torques (Tx11 = Tx12 = Tx21 = Tx22, Ty11 = Ty12 = Ty21 = Ty22), but because their directions are opposite and magnitudes are equal, they cancel each other out, resulting in a zero net torque at the clamping mass center, and no serious energy loss occurs at this position, and the cross beam 30 can undergo the maximum elastic deformation. Therefore, compared with other single-sided energy harvesting devices, the energy output of this device is greatly improved at the same resonance frequency.

[0057] Please refer to Figure 5, when the external magnetic field is along the third direction, the X direction, since the magnetization intensities M11 = M12 = M21 = M22 of its four magnetic members 10 and have a certain magnetization direction, when no external excitation magnetic field is applied, the magnetization directions of M11 and M21 are upward along the vertical direction, and the magnetization directions of M12 and M22 are downward along the vertical direction.

[0058] Both the cross beam 30 and the longitudinal beam 60 will undergo bending deformation. Among them, both ends of the cross beam 30 tilt upward, making the overall cross beam 30 in an upward C shape, as Figure 5 shown by the arrows in the figure, and a magnetic moment (Ty11 = Ty12 = Ty21 = Ty22) in the direction around the Y axis is generated at the connection position (clamping mass center) of the transverse beam and the longitudinal beam, and the net torque at the clamping mass center m0 is zero (Tx1 + Tx2 = 0, Ty1 + Ty2 = 0), where Tx1 and Ty1, as well as Tx2 and Ty2, respectively represent the torques of half of the device symmetric about the Y axis. Therefore, the torques on both sides of the clamping mass center cancel each other out, and the clamping mass center position of the longitudinal beam 60 basically does not deform, thereby reducing the energy loss at the clamping mass center, enabling the cross beam 30 and the longitudinal beam 60 to fully undergo elastic deformation, and improving the electrical energy output of the piezoelectric sheet 20.

[0059] Therefore, the clamping loss of this application is significantly lower than its single-sided T-shaped structure, so that the energy output efficiency can be improved in a multi-directional magnetic field.

[0060] In some embodiments, the piezoelectric sheet 20 is provided on the longitudinal beam 60.

[0061] Optionally, by providing the piezoelectric sheet 20 on the longitudinal beam 60, the overall energy output can be improved. Each piezoelectric sheet 20 can be connected in parallel to output electrical energy outward, or can output electrical energy outward separately, or it can be that the piezoelectric sheet 20 on the longitudinal beam 60 outputs electrical energy outward separately, while other piezoelectric sheets 20 are connected in parallel.

[0062] Please refer to Figures 1 to 2 , in some embodiments, the multi-directional magnetic field energy harvesting device 100 based on the magnetoelectric effect further includes a base 40 connecting the support rod 50, and the base 40 and the longitudinal beam 60 are respectively connected to opposite ends of the support rod 50.

[0063] Optionally, the material of the base 40 can also be metal, such as iron, steel or aluminum alloy, and there is no limitation here, and it can be selected according to the actual situation.

[0064] A screw is provided at the top of the support rod 50, a positioning hole is provided on the longitudinal beam 60, the screw passes through the positioning hole, and is locked to the screw by a nut to fix the longitudinal beam 60.

[0065] Compared with common energy harvesting devices based on magneto-mechanical-electrical coupling, the proposed device adopts a more symmetric structural design, has higher stability, can carry a larger magnet mass, and improves the reliability and durability of the device.

[0066] Based on the structural optimization, the proposed device can generate a larger deformation of the piezoelectric beam, thus achieving a higher energy output, and is particularly suitable for efficient energy harvesting in a low-frequency and weak magnetic field environment.

[0067] The proposed device has the ability to collect energy in multiple directions, can collect magnetic field energy simultaneously in three directions, further improves the energy collection efficiency, and broadens the application range.

[0068] Please refer to Figures 1 to 2 , the multi-directional magnetic field energy harvesting device 100 based on the magneto-electro-mechanical effect provided in this application can effectively harvest energy in a low-frequency and weak magnetic field environment. It can be applied to devices such as transmission cables, industrial machinery, and household appliances, where there are widely distributed stray and multi-directional magnetic fields with fixed frequencies of 50 Hz or 60 Hz. By first converting magnetic field energy into mechanical energy, and then converting the mechanical energy into electrical energy by the piezoelectric sheet 20, the efficient magnetic field energy harvesting is achieved. The multi-directional magnetic field energy harvesting device 100 based on the magneto-electro-mechanical effect in this application not only effectively overcomes the problems that are difficult to achieve and have low efficiency of traditional electromagnetic induction principles in low-frequency stray magnetic fields, but also solves the limitation that most magneto-electro-mechanical energy harvesting devices can only capture magnetic field energy in a single direction. This application can efficiently capture energy in a stray, multi-directional weak magnetic field (≤1 Oe) environment, and the average output powers in the X, Y, and Z directions reach 12.8 mW, 0.24 mW, and 0.15 mW respectively.

[0069] The above are only optional embodiments of this application and are not used to limit this application. For those skilled in the art, this application can have various changes and modifications. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of this application shall be included within the scope of the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A multi-directional magnetic field energy capturing device based on the magneto-electromechanical effect, characterized in that Comprising: A support component, including a support rod arranged in a first direction and a longitudinal beam arranged in a second direction and having an elastic restoring force; And An energy harvesting component, including a cross beam arranged in a third direction and having an elastic restoring force, a piezoelectric sheet arranged on the cross beam and elastically deformed synchronously with the cross beam, and a magnetic member connected to the cross beam and capable of generating a magnetic field. The cross beam is connected to the longitudinal beam, magnetic members are provided at both ends of the cross beam, and the connection position between the cross beam and the longitudinal beam is located between the two magnetic members. The first direction, the second direction, and the third direction are pairwise orthogonally arranged.

2. The multi-directional magnetic field energy capturing device based on the magneto-electromechanical effect according to claim 1, characterized in that: Along the first direction, the bottom end surface of the magnetic member is connected to the upper surface of the cross beam.

3. The multi-directional magnetic field energy capturing device based on the magneto-electromechanical effect according to claim 1, wherein: The magnetic member includes a first magnet and a second magnet magnetically attracted to the first magnet, and one end of the cross beam is clamped between the first magnet and the second magnet.

4. The multi-directional magnetic field energy capturing device based on the magneto-electromechanical effect according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connection position between the longitudinal beam and the cross beam is equidistant from the two magnetic members.

5. The multi-directional magnetic field energy capturing device based on the magneto-electromechanical effect according to claim 1, characterized in that: The magnetic poles of the two magnetic members are in opposite directions.

6. The multi-directional magnetic field energy capturing device based on the magneto-electromechanical effect according to claim 1, wherein: Along the second direction, the connection position between the cross beam and the magnetic member is equidistant from the opposite ends of the magnetic member.

7. The multi-directional magnetic field energy capturing device based on the magneto-electromechanical effect according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that: Two energy harvesting components are provided, and the two energy harvesting components are respectively located at both ends of the longitudinal beam, and the connection position between the longitudinal beam and the support rod is located between the two cross beams.

8. The multi-directional magnetic field energy capturing device based on the magneto-electromechanical effect according to claim 7, characterized in that: The connection position between the longitudinal beam and the support rod is equidistant from the two cross beams.

9. The multi-directional magnetic field energy capturing device based on the magneto-electromechanical effect according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that: Piezoelectric sheets are provided on the longitudinal beam.

10. The multi-directional magnetic field energy capturing device based on the magneto-electromechanical effect according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that: The multi-directional magnetic field energy harvesting device based on the magneto-electro-mechanical effect further includes a base connected to the support rod, and the base and the longitudinal beam are respectively connected to the opposite ends of the support rod.

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