A brake disc assembly system and method of assembly

Abstract

The application discloses a brake disc assembling system and an assembling method, and the system comprises a variable-distance multi-axis tightening machine, a transfer frame, a pre-assembling table, a customized conveying line, an automatic tightening table and a manual re-checking table. The variable-distance multi-axis tightening machine is used for outputting a set torque to tighten the bolts of the brake disc workpiece; the transfer frame cooperates with the conveying line to transport the brake disc to different stations; the pre-assembling table is used for angular positioning and circumferential positioning of the brake disc workpiece which is manually pre-tightened; the automatic tightening table positions and clamps the bolt head through an anti-reaction force lifting mechanism, and corresponding tightening shafts output a set torque value to tighten the nuts in sequence; and the manual re-checking table can be used for checking the bolts of the brake disc by quality inspectors. The assembling system can complete the center positioning, circumferential positioning and angular positioning of the bolt head of the brake disc workpiece through simple participation of the operator at the pre-assembling station, thereby concentrating the operation steps, greatly reducing the operation time compared with the visual recognition camera and improving the work efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of EMU wheelset assembly equipment, and more specifically, relates to a brake disc assembly system and assembly method. Background Technology

[0002] The assembly of wheel brake discs and wheel discs is a crucial step in the assembly of EMU wheelsets. Due to the large number of bolts involved, the installation directions of bolts and nuts vary between different train models. Furthermore, the assembly process requires both the acquisition of bolt tightening torque requirements and the monitoring of nut rotation angle parameters. Therefore, it cannot be completed using ordinary tools and simple manual operations, and specialized equipment is required.

[0003] The main problems with the existing brake disc assembly equipment on the market are as follows: (1) The excessive pursuit of automation leads to an increase in operation steps, an extremely complex operation process, and extremely low efficiency in assembling the brake disc as a whole. Many of these devices are unusable after being placed on site. (2) The workpieces are transported between various work stations using ordinary conveyor lines. This results in a large offset error between the workpiece hole position and the axis of the tightening machine when the workpiece is transported to the bottom of the tightening machine. The workpiece cannot be aligned or corrected. Since the workpiece is heavy, manual intervention is not possible. In order to achieve the desired effect, it is necessary to use a 2D or 3D vision camera to take pictures and find the position. The camera needs to take pictures of the workpiece → image acquisition → workpiece hole recognition → image analysis and processing → coordinate point determination → data sent to the servo control module → equipment coordinate axis movement and rotation alignment → tightening machine receiving information → camera image correction, etc. Therefore, after using a time camera to automatically align and correct the workpiece, the number of operation steps increases, the operation time increases, and the operation efficiency decreases.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a brake disc assembly equipment that prioritizes efficiency, eliminates the need for repeated positioning with a vision camera, shortens the work process, reduces work steps, and ensures that the workpiece does not shift or lose accuracy during transport on the conveyor line. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the problems of low operating efficiency and high cost of existing EMU wheelset assembly equipment, the present invention provides a brake disc assembly system and assembly method to solve these problems.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a brake disc assembly system, including a variable-pitch multi-axis tightening machine, comprising a tightening mechanism located directly above the automatic tightening station. This tightening mechanism adjusts the number and spacing of tightening shafts according to brake disc workpieces of different sizes, thereby adapting to the corresponding brake disc size, and outputs a set torque to tighten the bolts; a transfer frame, which, in conjunction with a customized conveyor line, transports the brake disc workpiece to different workstations; and a pre-assembly table located at the manual pre-assembly station, comprising a first lifting mechanism, a first center positioning mechanism, a first angle positioning mechanism, a first braking mechanism, and a first rotating mechanism. The first lifting mechanism lifts and raises the brake disc workpiece; the first center positioning mechanism is a three-jaw chuck structure that abuts and clamps the center of the brake disc workpiece for positioning; the first angle positioning mechanism is aligned with the bolts of the brake disc workpiece, located at the least common multiple of the angle positions of different workpiece bolts, and rises to fit onto the bolt head of the lower bolt of the brake disc workpiece, completing the assembly. The system includes a bolt head angular positioning function; the first rotating mechanism drives the brake disc workpiece to rotate, and under the braking of the first braking mechanism, each group of bolts is precisely rotated to the designated position; the automatic tightening table located at the automatic tightening station includes a second lifting mechanism, a second center positioning mechanism, a servo indexing mechanism, an anti-reaction lifting mechanism, and a second rotating mechanism. The second lifting mechanism lifts the brake disc workpiece that has completed center positioning, circumferential positioning, and dodecagonal angular positioning, controls the second center positioning mechanism to center-position and clamp the brake disc workpiece, the second rotating mechanism drives the brake disc workpiece to rotate, and under the braking of the servo indexing mechanism, aligns the bolt with the corresponding anti-reaction lifting mechanism, the anti-reaction lifting mechanism rises to position and lock the bolt head, and the variable pitch multi-axis tightening machine outputs the corresponding torque to tighten the nuts in sequence; and a manual recalibration table located at the manual recalibration station, where the operator uses a calibration wrench to check the brake disc bolts to verify whether the bolts have reached the set tightening torque.

[0007] Furthermore, the first angular positioning mechanism is located directly below the pitch circle of the bolts on the brake disc workpiece, at the least common multiple of the angular pitch of different workpiece bolts. It includes a positioning drive cylinder and a positioning sleeve. The positioning drive cylinder drives the piston rod to extend and retract in the vertical direction. The positioning sleeve is fixedly installed at the end of the piston rod of the positioning drive cylinder to realize the circumferential positioning of the brake disc workpiece and the angular positioning of the bolt head.

[0008] Furthermore, the first lifting mechanism includes a base plate, a screw jack, guide columns, an intermediate plate, a top plate, a step section, a first motor, a support rod, and a graphite bushing; the base plate is fixed to the ground by anchor bolts, and guide columns are vertically fixed at its four top corners; the tops of the four sets of guide columns pass through the four corners of the intermediate plate and are vertically fixedly connected to the four corners of the top of the top plate; the graphite bushing is slidably sleeved on the guide columns, and its top is fixedly connected to the bottom of the intermediate plate, the inner diameter of the graphite bushing being adapted to the outer diameter of the guide columns; the step section is slidably sleeved on the guide columns. The bottom of the screw jack is fixedly connected to the top of the middle plate; the screw jack includes a screw shaft and a screw nut, the top of the screw shaft is rotatably connected to the center of the bottom of the top plate, and the bottom is set on a right-angle coupling; the screw nut is threadedly connected to the screw shaft, and its top is fixedly connected to the bottom of the middle plate; the support rod is provided in four sets, its bottom is vertically fixed to the top of the middle plate, and its top passes through the top plate and is fixedly connected to the bottom of the first rotating mechanism; the first motor is fixedly set on the ground, and its motor shaft is connected to a right-angle coupling set at the center of the bottom plate.

[0009] Furthermore, the first rotating mechanism is fixedly mounted on the top of the first lifting mechanism, including a base, a rotating frame mounted on the base, and a rotary motor that drives the rotating frame to rotate; the first center positioning mechanism is located at the center of the first rotating mechanism, and is a specially designed large-stroke pneumatic three-jaw chuck, which is driven by air pressure to make the three sets of jaws unfold synchronously, clamping the inner side of the brake disc workpiece, and simultaneously completing the center positioning operation of the brake disc workpiece; the first braking mechanism brakes the first rotating mechanism, and includes brake pads, which are driven by a cylinder to apply pressure to the rotating frame to stop it, preventing shaking when manually tightening the bolts.

[0010] Furthermore, the anti-reaction lifting mechanism is provided with a corresponding number of sets according to the tightening shaft. These sets are located at the common multiples of the bolt angles of different workpieces and are directly below the tightening shaft. The mechanism includes an anti-reaction cylinder and an anti-reaction sleeve. The anti-reaction cylinder pushes the anti-reaction sleeve to move vertically, aligns it with the bolt head that has been angularly positioned, and fits it onto the bolt head for limiting, so as to counteract the torque generated when tightening the bolt.

[0011] Furthermore, the manual calibration platform is used for manual calibration of the brake disc, and it includes a third lifting mechanism, a third center positioning mechanism, a second braking mechanism, and a second rotating mechanism.

[0012] Furthermore, the conveyor line includes a main frame, transmission guide rails, transmission sliders, and transmission belts; the main frame is a cuboid frame structure, which is welded from steel, stress-relief process, and then integrally formed by machining center; the transmission guide rails are symmetrically fixed on two sets of long inner sides of the main frame, with one set at the upper end and middle of each set of long inner sides; the transmission sliders are slidably mounted on the transmission guide rails, and their outer sides are fixedly connected to the transfer frame, allowing the transfer frame to move linearly along the transmission sliders; the transmission belts are provided in two sets, symmetrically mounted on two sets of long inner sides of the main frame, and are driven by the rotation of the drive wheels and transmission wheels located at the front and rear ends of the long inner sides to perform reciprocating motion.

[0013] Furthermore, the transfer frame is symmetrically arranged in two sets on both sides of the transverse central axis of the main frame. It is a sheet-like frame structure, with its middle and lower parts fixedly connected to the transmission slider, so that the transfer frame can move linearly along the transmission guide rail. The transfer frame is also equipped with a buckle assembly, which realizes the fixed connection between the transfer frame and the transmission belt. Driven by the transmission belt, the two sets of transfer frames can move linearly.

[0014] Furthermore, the variable-pitch multi-axis tightening machine also includes a cabinet, a control module, a power distribution panel, and a tightening feed mechanism; the cabinet is fixedly installed on the ground; the control module and the power distribution panel are respectively located at the upper and lower parts of the internal space of the cabinet, the control module controls other functional units to install and set commands for operation; the power distribution panel supplies power to other functional units; the tightening feed mechanism is fixedly installed at the upper front side of the cabinet, it is a servo screw module, which drives the tightening mechanism to perform vertical displacement, thereby realizing the feed operation of tightening bolts.

[0015] According to another aspect of the present invention, a brake disc assembly method is also provided, comprising the following steps:

[0016] S100: Place the brake disc and wheel disc on the top of the pre-assembly table for pre-assembly of bolts and nuts; the first center positioning mechanism performs center positioning and clamping of the brake disc workpiece, and the first angle positioning mechanism performs angular positioning and circumferential positioning of the bolts;

[0017] S200: The first lifting mechanism is reset, causing the brake disc workpiece to disengage from the first rotating mechanism. The transfer frame then transports the brake disc workpiece to the automatic tightening station via a customized conveyor line.

[0018] S300: The second lifting mechanism raises and lifts the brake disc workpiece, and the second center positioning mechanism centers and clamps the brake disc workpiece; the anti-reaction cylinder pushes the top angle anti-reaction sleeve to be fitted onto the bolt head for limiting; the corresponding tightening shaft descends to tighten the nut according to the set torque;

[0019] S400: The brake disc bolt tightening operation is completed in sequence; the second lifting mechanism is reset and disengaged from the brake disc workpiece, so that the brake disc workpiece falls onto the transfer frame, and the transfer frame transports the brake disc workpiece to the manual calibration table.

[0020] S500: The third lifting mechanism raises and lifts the brake disc workpiece, and the third center positioning mechanism centers and clamps the brake disc workpiece; the second rotating mechanism rotates the brake disc workpiece, so that the bolt holes are rotated sequentially to the front of the operator; the second braking mechanism brakes the second rotating mechanism to prevent shaking when manually tightening the bolts.

[0021] S600: The operator uses a calibration wrench in conjunction with the second braking mechanism to check the brake disc bolts and observe whether the bolts have reached the set tightening torque.

[0022] S700: After calibration, the third center positioning mechanism is released, the third lifting mechanism descends, and the workpiece is connected to the wheel disc conveyor line. The wheel disc conveyor line then transfers the calibrated brake disc workpiece to the next station, thus completing the tightening operation.

[0023] In summary, compared with the prior art, the above-described technical solutions conceived by this invention can achieve the following beneficial effects:

[0024] 1. The brake disc assembly system of the present invention, by designing a manual pre-assembly positioning mechanism, can complete the center positioning, circumferential positioning and bolt head 12-angle positioning of the brake disc workpiece with simple manual participation at the pre-assembly station. The operation steps are completed in a concentrated manner, and the operation time is shortened from the original five minutes to less than one minute compared with the visual recognition camera, thus improving work efficiency.

[0025] 2. The brake disc assembly system of the present invention saves operational steps and simplifies the operation process. By designing a precise mechanical positioning mechanism and conveyor line, the workpiece positioning is completed in one step by a dedicated mechanism, ensuring that the workpiece does not shift or lose accuracy during the transfer process on the conveyor line. There is no need for a vision camera to take pictures and align at the tightening machine station, which shortens the previous operation process and reduces the number of operation steps.

[0026] 3. The brake disc assembly system of this invention shortens equipment debugging time and advances equipment trial operation, thereby reducing the time for high-speed trains to roll off the production line compared to previous equipment. Previous equipment required camera-based visual recognition technology. This method necessitates collecting a large number of image samples for each workpiece, even with deep learning algorithms, requiring thousands of photos. Processing each image takes at least ten minutes to create a database, resulting in a minimum debugging time of six months. In contrast, this invention, with its specialized mechanical design, significantly reduces debugging time, completing the process in just two to three weeks, saving over five months compared to previous methods. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a brake disc assembly system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the variable pitch multi-axis tightening machine in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a front view schematic diagram of the tightening mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the tightening mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the tightening mechanism performing multi-axis pitch change in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the operation of the customized conveyor line in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the pre-assembly stage in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the automatic tightening table in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the disc conveyor line in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the brake disc assembly process in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 11 This is a flowchart illustrating a brake disc assembly method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] In all the accompanying drawings, the same reference numerals denote the same technical features, specifically:

[0039] 1-Variable pitch multi-axis tightening machine, including: 11-Cabinet, 12-Tightening mechanism, 121-Tightening shaft fixing seat, 122-Fixed tightening shaft assembly, 1221-Fixed tightening shaft, 1222-Vertical lifting component, 123-First variable pitch tightening shaft assembly, 1231-First variable pitch tightening shaft, 1232-First translation component, 124-Second variable pitch tightening shaft assembly, 1241-Second variable pitch tightening shaft, 1242-Second translation component, 13-Control module, 14-Distribution panel, 15-Tightening feed mechanism;

[0040] 2-Transfer rack;

[0041] 3-Pre-assembly platform, including: 31-First lifting mechanism, 311-Base plate, 312-Screw jack, 313-Guide column, 314-Intermediate plate, 315-Top plate, 316-Step section, 317-First motor, 318-Support column, 319-Graphite bushing, 32-First center positioning mechanism, 33-First corner positioning mechanism, 331-Positioning sleeve, 34-First braking mechanism, 35-First rotating mechanism;

[0042] 4-Customized conveyor line, including: 41-Main frame, 42-Transfer guide rail, 43-Transfer slider, 44-Transfer belt;

[0043] 5-Cantilever industrial all-in-one machine;

[0044] 6-Automatic tightening table, including: 61-Second lifting mechanism, 62-Second center positioning mechanism, 63-Servo indexing mechanism, 631-Servo motor, 632-Reducer, 633-Rotary table, 64-Anti-reaction lifting mechanism;

[0045] 7-Manual calibration station;

[0046] 8-Plate conveyor line, including: 81-Connecting frame, 82-Orthogonal shaft motor, 83-Conveyor belt, 84-Through shaft. Detailed Implementation

[0047] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of this invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0048] like Figure 1-10As shown, the present invention provides a brake disc assembly system, including a variable pitch multi-axis tightening machine 1, a transfer frame 2, a pre-assembly table 3, a customized conveyor line 4, an automatic tightening table 6, and a manual recalibration table 7. The variable-pitch multi-axis tightening machine 1 adjusts the number and spacing of tightening shafts according to different sizes of brake discs to adapt to the corresponding brake disc size and outputs a set torque to tighten the bolts; the customized conveyor line 4 includes a main frame 41, with transmission guide rails 42 on both sides, and transmission sliders 43 slidably mounted on the transmission guide rails 42; the transfer frame 2 has two sets, which are fixedly connected to the transmission sliders 43 respectively. The two sets of transfer frames 2 are synchronously driven by the transmission line 4 to perform linear displacement, thereby transporting the brake discs placed on the top to different workstations; the pre-assembly table 3 includes a first lifting mechanism 31, a first center positioning mechanism 32, a first angle positioning mechanism 33, a first braking mechanism 34, and a first rotating mechanism 35. The first lifting mechanism 31 lifts and raises the brake disc workpiece. The first center positioning mechanism 32 is a three-jaw chuck structure that abuts and clamps the center of the brake disc workpiece for positioning; the first angle positioning mechanism 33 is aligned with the bolts of the brake disc workpiece, and its position is the least common multiple of the angle positions of the bolts of different workpieces. The bolt head is positioned at the 12-corner head of the lower bolt of the brake disc workpiece, thus completing the 12-corner directional positioning function of the bolt head. The first rotating mechanism 35 drives the brake disc workpiece to rotate, and under the braking of the first braking mechanism 34, each group of bolts is precisely rotated to the designated position. The automatic tightening table 6 includes a second lifting mechanism 61, a second center positioning mechanism 62, a servo indexing mechanism 63, an anti-reaction lifting mechanism 64, and a second rotating mechanism 65. The second lifting mechanism 61 lifts the brake disc workpiece that has completed center positioning, circumferential positioning, and 12-corner directional positioning. The second center positioning mechanism is controlled to center and clamp the brake disc workpiece. The second rotating mechanism 65 drives the brake disc workpiece to rotate, and under the braking of the servo indexing mechanism 63, the bolt is aligned with the corresponding anti-reaction lifting mechanism 64. The anti-reaction lifting mechanism 64 rises to position and lock the bolt head. The variable pitch multi-axis tightening machine 1 outputs the corresponding torque to tighten the nuts in sequence. After the bolts are tightened, the brake disc workpiece is transported to the manual recalibration table 7 for manual recalibration. The brake disc assembly system of the present invention, by designing a manual pre-assembly positioning mechanism, can complete the center positioning, circumferential positioning and bolt head 12-corner angular positioning of the brake disc workpiece with simple human participation at the pre-assembly station. The operation steps are completed in a concentrated manner, and the operation time is shortened from the original five minutes to less than one minute compared with the visual recognition camera, thus improving work efficiency.

[0049] like Figure 1-5As shown in the embodiment of the present invention, the variable-pitch multi-axis tightening machine 1 is used to tighten the bolts of the brake disc workpiece by outputting a set torque. It can be adapted to brake discs of various sizes by adjusting the number and spacing of the tightening shafts. The variable-pitch multi-axis tightening machine 1 includes a cabinet 11, a tightening mechanism 12, a control module 13, a power distribution panel 14, and a tightening feed mechanism 15.

[0050] The cabinet 1 is fixed on the ground. Its outer frame is made of square steel pipes welded together, stress-relief process, and then processed by a machining center. The outer side is covered with metal skin.

[0051] The control module 13 and the power distribution panel 14 are respectively located in the upper and lower parts of the internal space of the cabinet 1. The control module 13 controls other functional units to install and set instructions to perform operations; the power distribution panel 14 supplies power to other functional units.

[0052] The tightening feed mechanism 15 is fixedly installed on the upper front side of the cabinet 1. It is a servo screw module that drives the tightening mechanism 12 to move vertically, thereby realizing the feed operation of tightening the bolt.

[0053] The tightening mechanism 12 is fixedly connected to the slider of the tightening feed mechanism 15. With the cooperation of the tightening feed mechanism 15, it can realize self-lifting, automatic alignment and cap recognition, and automatic withdrawal functions according to the control program. The tightening device has accurate telescopic positioning and automatically tightens the brake disc bolts to be assembled. The tightening mechanism 12 includes a tightening shaft fixing seat 121, a fixed tightening shaft assembly 122, a first variable pitch tightening shaft assembly 123, and a second variable pitch tightening shaft assembly 124.

[0054] The tightening shaft fixing seat 121 has an L-shaped structure, including a mounting plate and a connecting plate, with multiple reinforcing plates between them to increase the overall structural strength. The mounting plate has corresponding through-holes for tightening bolts via the tightening shaft, including a first through-hole, a second through-hole, and a third through-hole. The connecting plate is fixedly connected to the slider of the tightening feed mechanism 15, thereby causing the tightening shaft fixing seat 121 to move linearly in the vertical direction.

[0055] The fixed tightening shaft assembly 122, the first variable pitch tightening shaft assembly 123, and the second variable pitch tightening shaft assembly 124 are all equidistant from the center of the mounting plate.

[0056] The fixed tightening shaft assembly 122 is fixedly mounted on the top front end of the mounting plate, and includes a fixed tightening shaft 1221 and a vertical lifting component 1222. The vertical lifting component 1222 is a servo screw module, which is arranged in the vertical direction. Its slider is fixedly connected to the fixed tightening shaft 1221, driving the fixed tightening shaft 1221 to move in the vertical direction. The fixed tightening shaft 1221 is located above the first through hole opened on the mounting plate, and it passes through the first through hole to tighten the bolts of the brake disc workpiece.

[0057] The first variable pitch tightening shaft assembly 123 and the second variable pitch tightening shaft assembly 124 are disposed on the top of the mounting plate, symmetrically arranged on both sides of the center of the mounting plate, and the distance between them and the fixed tightening shaft assembly 122 is the same. The first variable pitch tightening shaft 123 includes a first variable pitch tightening shaft 1231 and a first translation member 1232. The first translation member 1232 is a servo screw module, which is arranged obliquely in a horizontal direction. Its slider drives the first variable pitch tightening shaft 1231 to move horizontally obliquely, thereby adjusting the horizontal displacement of the first variable pitch tightening shaft 1231. The first variable pitch tightening shaft 1231 is located above the second through hole opened on the mounting plate, and it passes through the second through hole to tighten the bolts of the brake disc workpiece. The second variable pitch tightening shaft assembly 124 includes a second variable pitch tightening shaft 1241 and a second translation member 1242.

[0058] like Figure 5 As shown, the tightening mechanism 12 of the present invention can change the position and number of tightening shafts from three shafts to two shafts or from two shafts to three shafts according to the working process of wheel-mounted brake discs of different models and types. The principle of shaft change is as follows: When it is necessary to change from three shafts to two shafts, the first translation member 1232 and the second translation member 1242 respectively drive the first variable pitch tightening shaft 1231 and the second variable pitch tightening shaft 1241 to move forward until the line connecting the two passes through the center of the mounting plate. The vertical lifting member 1232 drives the fixed tightening shaft 1221 to move upward in the vertical direction, raising the fixed tightening shaft 1221 to avoid collision with the brake disc workpiece. When it is necessary to change from two axes to three axes, the first translation component 1232 and the second translation component 1242 respectively drive the first variable pitch tightening shaft 1231 and the second variable pitch tightening shaft 1241 to move backward, so that the spacing between the three sets of tightening shafts is the same. At the same time, the vertical lifting component 1232 drives the fixed tightening shaft 1221 to move downward in the vertical direction, so that the bottom of the three sets of tightening shafts is at the same height.

[0059] In this invention, the first variable-pitch tightening shaft 1231, the second variable-pitch tightening shaft 1241, and the fixed tightening shaft 1221 are all driven by servo motors. A torque sensor is designed at the end of the shaft, and an angle sensor is installed in the middle. These are connected to the tightening shaft controller via data and power lines. During bolt tightening, both the torque value of the target bolt and the rotation angle data of the target bolt can be collected and monitored. Torque control accuracy: ≤±3%, rotation angle accuracy: ≤±1°.

[0060] like Figure 6 As shown in the embodiment of the present invention, the transfer frame 2, in conjunction with the conveyor line 4, can accurately transport the brake disc workpiece to different workstations for operation. The conveyor line 4 includes a main frame 41, a transmission guide rail 42, a transmission slider 43, and a transmission belt 44. The main frame 41 is a cuboid frame structure, which is welded from steel, stress-relief process, and then integrally formed by machining center. The transmission guide rails 42 are symmetrically fixed on two sets of long inner sides of the main frame 41, with one set at the top and middle of each set of long inner sides. The transmission slider 43 is slidably mounted on the transmission guide rails 42, and its outer side is fixedly connected to the transfer frame 2, so that the transfer frame can move linearly along the transmission slider 43. There are two sets of transmission belts 44, which are symmetrically mounted on two sets of long inner sides of the main frame 41. They are driven by the rotation of the drive wheels and transmission wheels located at the front and rear ends of the long inner sides to perform reciprocating motion. Furthermore, a transmission shaft is provided through the center of the two sets of drive wheels. The transmission shaft is connected to the motor shaft of the drive motor, and the drive motor drives the two sets of drive wheels to rotate synchronously.

[0061] The transfer frame 2 is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the transverse central axis of the main frame 41. It is a sheet-like frame structure, with its middle and lower parts fixedly connected to the transfer slider 43, so that the transfer frame 2 can move linearly along the transfer guide rail 42. The transfer frame 2 is also equipped with a buckle assembly, which realizes the fixed connection between the transfer frame 2 and the transmission belt 44. Driven by the transmission belt 44, the two sets of transfer frames 2 move linearly, transporting the brake disc workpiece placed on the top of the two sets of transfer frames 2 to the corresponding work station for operation.

[0062] like Figure 7 As shown, the pre-assembly table 3 is used to complete the circumferential positioning of the brake disc workpiece, the bolt head angle positioning, and the pre-assembly of the bolts and nuts. It is fixed on the ground and located inside the main frame 41. It includes a first lifting mechanism 31, a first center positioning mechanism 32, a first angle positioning mechanism 33, a first braking mechanism 34, and a first rotating mechanism 35.

[0063] The first lifting mechanism 31 is used to lift and raise the brake disc workpiece, and includes a base plate 311, a screw jack 312, a guide column 313, an intermediate plate 314, a top plate 315, a step portion 316, a first motor 317, a support rod 318, and a graphite bushing 319. The base plate 311 is fixed to the ground by anchors, and guide posts 313 are vertically fixed at its four top corners. The tops of the four sets of guide posts 313 pass through the four corners of the intermediate plate 314 and are vertically fixedly connected to the four top corners of the top plate 3115. The graphite bushing 319 is slidably sleeved on the guide posts 313, and its top is fixedly connected to the bottom of the intermediate plate 314. The inner diameter of the graphite bushing 319 is adapted to the outer diameter of the guide post 313, which can limit the radial displacement of the graphite bushing 319 when it slides. The stepped portion 316 is slidably sleeved on the guide post 313, and its bottom is fixedly connected to the top of the intermediate plate 314. When the intermediate plate 314 drives the stepped portion 316 to slide upward along the guide post 313, the top of the stepped portion 316 and the top of the guide post 314 are connected. The top of plate 315 abuts against the limit switch, thereby completing the positioning of the lifting height; the screw jack 312 includes a screw shaft and a screw nut, the top of the screw shaft is rotatably connected to the bottom center of the top plate 315, and the bottom is set on a right-angle coupling; the screw nut is threadedly connected to the screw shaft, and its top is fixedly connected to the bottom of the intermediate plate 314; the support rod 318 is provided in four sets, its bottom is vertically fixed to the top of the intermediate plate 314, and its top passes through the top plate 315 and is fixedly connected to the bottom of the first rotating mechanism 35; the first motor 317 is fixedly set on the ground, and its motor shaft is connected to a right-angle coupling set at the center of the bottom plate 311, thereby vertically transmitting power to the screw shaft and driving the screw shaft to rotate.

[0064] In this embodiment of the invention, when the first lifting mechanism 31 performs lifting operations, the first motor 317 drives the lead screw shaft to rotate, causing the lead screw nut to rise; the intermediate plate 314, which is fixedly connected to the lead screw nut, rises smoothly in the vertical direction under the limit of the guide column 313, thereby causing the support column 318 to lift the first rotating mechanism 35; when the first motor 317 reverses, the intermediate plate 314 is driven to descend through the lead screw jack 312, causing the support column 318 to lower the first rotating mechanism 35, so that the brake disc workpiece at the top of the first rotating mechanism 35 falls and is placed on the top of the transfer frame 2.

[0065] In this embodiment of the invention, the first lifting mechanism 31 forms a square cage structure by placing a screw jack 312 at the center of the base plate 311 and providing guide columns 313 at the four corners of the base plate 311 and the top plate 315, which greatly improves the rigidity of the overall structure while ensuring accuracy. By providing four sets of support rods 318 on the intermediate plate 314 and fixing the four sets of support rods 318 to the bottom of the first rotating mechanism 35 after passing through the top plate 315, a closed stroke rectangular frame structure is formed. Compared with the mobile lifting mechanisms of other manufacturers, it is not easy to deform, which improves the rigidity and load-bearing capacity of the mechanism. By using graphite bushings 319, compared with the ordinary linear bearings used by other manufacturers, the radial clearance is small, and there is no shaking or deformation of the mechanism when the equipment is subjected to radial load, resulting in high equipment durability.

[0066] The first rotating mechanism 35 is fixedly mounted on the top of the first lifting mechanism 31, including a base, a rotating frame mounted on the base, and a rotating motor that drives the rotating frame to rotate. The rotating motor drives the brake disc workpiece on the rotating frame to rotate, thereby rotating the bolt opposite the operator in the circumferential direction for alignment, improving efficiency and reducing manual labor.

[0067] The first center positioning mechanism 32 is located at the center of the first rotating mechanism 35. It is a specially made large-stroke pneumatic three-jaw chuck. Driven by air pressure, the three sets of jaws unfold synchronously to clamp the inner side of the brake disc workpiece and complete the center positioning operation of the brake disc workpiece.

[0068] The first braking mechanism 34 brakes the first rotating mechanism 35. It includes a brake pad, which is driven by a cylinder to apply pressure to the rotating frame to stop it, preventing shaking when the bolt is manually tightened.

[0069] The first angular positioning mechanism 33 is located directly below the pitch circle of the brake disc workpiece bolts, at the least common multiple of the angular pitch of different workpiece bolts. It includes a positioning drive cylinder and a positioning sleeve 311. The positioning drive cylinder drives the piston rod to extend and retract in the vertical direction. The positioning sleeve 311 is fixed at the end of the piston rod of the positioning drive cylinder to perform angular positioning of the bolt head. Since different models and types of brake disc bolts have 12 or 18 bolts in the circumferential direction, in order to simplify the structure, the least common multiple of the angular positions of different workpiece bolts is selected on the bolt pitch circle, with the operator's position directly in front of the work area as the reference. The first angular positioning mechanism 33 is set at the bottom of the bolt at this least common multiple, so that it can be used to adapt to all types of workpieces.

[0070] When the first angle positioning mechanism 33 is in operation, the first rotating mechanism 35 rotates the brake disc workpiece, so that the bolts on the brake disc workpiece are aligned with the first angle positioning mechanism 33 in sequence; the operator rotates the nut to drive the bolt to rotate, so that the 12-angle bolt head rotates to align with the groove of the positioning sleeve 311 and falls into the positioning sleeve 311; the operator controls the positioning drive cylinder to rise to the specified height, and the operator tightens the nut to pre-tighten the bolt, so as to prevent the bolt from shaking in the subsequent rotation and conveying operations, thereby ensuring the accurate angle positioning of the 12-angle bolt head, eliminating the need for a vision camera to take pictures and align, and shortening the operation process.

[0071] In this embodiment of the invention, when the pre-assembly platform 3 is in operation, the first lifting mechanism 31 drives the first rotating mechanism 35 to rise to a specified height; the operator places the brake disc and wheel disc on the top of the first rotating mechanism 35 to pre-assemble the bolts and nuts; the three sets of jaws of the first center positioning mechanism 32 simultaneously unfold to clamp the inner side of the brake disc workpiece, and at the same time complete the center positioning operation of the brake disc workpiece; the operator rotates the nut to drive the bolt to rotate, so that the 12-angle bolt head rotates to align with the groove of the positioning sleeve 311 and falls into the positioning sleeve 311; the operator controls... The positioning drive cylinder rises to the designated height, and the operator tightens the nut to pre-tighten the bolts; after completion, the positioning drive cylinder is reset; the first rotating mechanism 35 rotates, aligning the next set of bolts with the first angular positioning mechanism 33, and the angular positioning operation of the next set of bolts continues; after completing the center positioning, circumferential positioning and dodecagonal angular positioning of the brake disc workpiece, the first center positioning mechanism 32 is released, the first lifting mechanism 31 is reset, and the brake disc workpiece is disengaged from the first rotating mechanism 35. The first rotating mechanism 35 is placed on the transfer frame 2 for the next conveying operation.

[0072] like Figure 8 As shown in the embodiment of the present invention, the automatic tightening table 6 can precisely tighten the bolts of the brake disc workpiece according to the set torque, and includes a second lifting mechanism 61, a second center positioning mechanism 62, a servo indexing mechanism 63 and an anti-reaction lifting mechanism 64.

[0073] The second lifting mechanism 61 has the same structure as the first lifting mechanism 31. It lifts the brake disc workpiece in the vertical direction so that the brake disc workpiece is separated from the transfer frame 2.

[0074] The second center positioning mechanism 62 has the same structure as the first center positioning mechanism 32, and performs center positioning and clamping of the brake disc workpiece.

[0075] The servo indexing mechanism 63 includes an indexing rotary table, an indexing reducer, and an indexing servo motor. The indexing servo motor transmits power to the indexing rotary table through the indexing reducer, thereby driving the rotary table to rotate and aligning the brake disc workpiece bolts with the corresponding anti-reaction lifting mechanism 64. Through special customization of the rotary table, its circumferential repeatability accuracy can reach ±10 seconds, realizing the automatic circumferential rotation and high-precision indexing function of the brake disc workpiece in the automatic tightening operation.

[0076] The anti-reaction lifting mechanism 64 is provided with a corresponding number of sets according to the tightening shaft. They are located at the common multiples of the bolt angles of different workpieces and are directly below the tightening shaft. It includes an anti-reaction cylinder and an anti-reaction sleeve. The anti-reaction cylinder pushes the anti-reaction sleeve to move vertically, aligns it with the bolt head that has been angularly positioned, and fits it on the bolt head for limiting, so as to counteract the torque generated when tightening the bolt and prevent the shaking generated when the tightening shaft tightens the nut, thereby realizing the functions of anti-reaction and anti-bolt rotation.

[0077] In this embodiment of the invention, when the automatic tightening table 6 is operating, the second lifting mechanism 61 pushes the servo indexing mechanism 63 to rise to a specified height to lift the brake disc workpiece. After the brake disc workpiece is separated from the transfer frame 2, the second center positioning mechanism 62 centers and clamps the brake disc workpiece. The anti-reaction cylinder pushes the top 12-angle anti-reaction sleeve to be fitted onto the bolt head for limiting. The corresponding tightening shaft descends and uses the torque method to find the nut, which uses a torque slightly higher than the pre-tightening torque and a speed lower than 100 rpm, thereby aligning the tightening shaft with the nut and tightening the nut according to the set torque. After completion, the tightening shaft rises, and the indexing servo motor transmits power to the indexing rotary table through the indexing reducer, controlling the indexing rotary table to rotate by a corresponding angle so that the next set of bolts is aligned with the anti-reaction lifting mechanism 64. The above actions are repeated to complete the brake disc bolt tightening operation.

[0078] like Figure 9 As shown, the manual calibration platform 7 is used for manual calibration of the brake disc, and it includes a third lifting mechanism, a third center positioning mechanism, a second braking mechanism, and a second rotating mechanism.

[0079] The third lifting mechanism raises the second rotating mechanism to lift the brake disc workpiece, thus detaching it from the transfer frame 2. The third center positioning mechanism centers and clamps the brake disc workpiece. The second rotating mechanism rotates the brake disc workpiece, causing the bolt holes to rotate sequentially to the front of the operator. The second braking mechanism brakes the second rotating mechanism to prevent shaking during manual inspection and tightening of the bolts. After braking, the operator uses a wrench to check the brake disc bolts in conjunction with the second braking mechanism to ensure that the bolts have reached the tightening torque. After the check is completed, the third center positioning mechanism releases, the third lifting mechanism descends, and the workpiece is connected to the wheel disc conveyor line 8.

[0080] The third center positioning mechanism of the manual calibration table 7 uses a specially designed large-stroke pneumatic three-jaw chuck to provide greater clamping force on the brake disc wheel disc workpiece while ensuring compatibility with a wide range of vehicle models. A pneumatic slip ring mechanism at the top prevents internal pipes from becoming entangled or damaged when the workpiece is manually rotated after being clamped by the pneumatic three-jaw chuck. The second braking mechanism is used when manually calibrating the bolts of the brake disc workpiece. It uses a high-torque pneumatic forklift assembly to stop the workpiece, preventing rotation and reduced calibration accuracy. Compared to the first braking mechanism 34, this mechanism provides greater braking force.

[0081] The brake disc conveyor line 8 is located around the manual calibration station and transfers the calibrated brake disc workpieces to the next station. It includes a connecting frame 81, a right-angle shaft motor 82, conveyor belts 83, and a through shaft 84. The connecting frame 81 has a C-shaped structure and is located around the manual calibration station. Two sets of conveyor belts 83 are located on either side of the connecting frame 81, with their height slightly lower than the height of the transfer frame 2. The through shaft 84 is located at the end of the connecting frame 81 and synchronously transmits power to the two sets of conveyor belts 83. The right-angle shaft motor 82 is fixed to the connecting frame 81, and its output end is connected to the through shaft 84, driving the through shaft 84 to rotate, thereby allowing the two sets of conveyor belts 83 to synchronously transfer the brake disc workpieces to the next station.

[0082] In this embodiment of the invention, the brake disc assembly system also includes a cantilever industrial integrated machine 5, which is rotatably connected to a variable pitch multi-axis tightening machine 1. It is modularly customized according to functional requirements, communicates with the servo drives of each component through TCP and MODBUS protocols, and has built-in equipment operation software for controlling the tightening shaft and other rotary alignment mechanisms to realize the automated tightening operation of the brake disc workpiece.

[0083] like Figure 10As shown in the embodiment of the present invention, when the brake disc assembly system is operating, the brake disc and wheel disc are placed on the top of the pre-assembly platform 3 for pre-assembly of bolts and nuts; the first center positioning mechanism 32 centers and clamps the brake disc workpiece; the first rotation mechanism 35 rotates the brake disc workpiece so that the bolts on the brake disc workpiece are sequentially aligned with the first angle positioning mechanism 33; the operator rotates the nut to drive the bolt to rotate, so that the 12-angle bolt head rotates to align with the groove of the positioning sleeve 311 and falls into the positioning sleeve 311; the operator controls the positioning drive cylinder to rise to the specified height, and the operator tightens the nut to pre-tighten the bolt to prevent the bolt from shaking during subsequent rotation and conveying operations; thus completing the bolt angular positioning and... After circumferential positioning, the first angular positioning mechanism 33 resets, and the first rotating mechanism 35 rotates the brake disc workpiece, aligning the next set of screw holes with the first angular positioning mechanism 33, thereby sequentially completing the angular positioning and pre-tightening operations of multiple sets of bolts; after completing the center positioning, circumferential positioning, and dodecagonal angular positioning of the brake disc workpiece at the manual pre-assembly station, the first lifting mechanism 31 resets, disengaging the brake disc workpiece from the first rotating mechanism 35, which is then placed on the transfer frame 2; the transfer frame 2 transports the brake disc workpiece to the automatic tightening station via the customized conveyor line 4; the second lifting mechanism 61 pushes the servo indexing mechanism 63 to rise to a specified height to lift the brake disc workpiece, and after the brake disc workpiece disengages from the transfer frame 2, the second center positioning mechanism... 62. The brake disc workpiece is centered and clamped; the anti-reaction cylinder pushes the top 12-angle anti-reaction sleeve to fit onto the bolt head for limiting; the corresponding tightening shaft descends to tighten the nut according to the set torque; after completion, the tightening shaft rises, and the indexing servo motor transmits power to the indexing rotary table through the indexing reducer, controlling the indexing rotary table to rotate by the corresponding angle, so that the next set of bolts is aligned with the anti-reaction lifting mechanism 64; the above actions are repeated to complete the brake disc bolt tightening operation; the second lifting mechanism 61 resets and disengages from the brake disc workpiece, so that the brake disc workpiece falls onto the transfer frame 2, and the transfer frame 2 transports the brake disc workpiece to the manual calibration table 7; the third lifting mechanism raises the second rotating mechanism, thereby performing the brake disc workpiece... The first lifting mechanism detaches the brake disc workpiece from the transfer frame 2; the second center positioning mechanism centers and clamps the brake disc workpiece; the second rotating mechanism rotates the brake disc workpiece, causing the bolt holes to rotate sequentially to the front of the operator; the second braking mechanism brakes the second rotating mechanism to prevent shaking during manual re-inspection of bolt tightening; after braking, the operator uses a calibration wrench in conjunction with the second braking mechanism to check the brake disc bolts to ensure that the bolts have reached the tightening torque; after the check is completed, the third center positioning mechanism releases, the third lifting mechanism descends, and the workpiece is connected to the wheel disc conveyor line 8, which then transfers the recalibrated brake disc workpiece to the next station, thus completing the tightening operation.

[0084] The brake disc assembly system of the present invention, by designing a manual pre-assembly positioning mechanism, can complete the center positioning, circumferential positioning and bolt head 12-angle positioning of the brake disc workpiece with simple human participation at the pre-assembly station. The operation steps are completed in a concentrated manner, and the operation time is shortened from the original five minutes to less than one minute compared with the visual recognition camera, thus improving work efficiency.

[0085] The brake disc assembly system of this invention saves operational steps and simplifies the operation process. By designing a precise mechanical positioning mechanism and conveyor line, the workpiece positioning is completed in one step by a dedicated mechanism, ensuring that the workpiece does not shift or lose accuracy during the transfer process on the conveyor line. There is no need for a vision camera to take pictures and align at the tightening machine station, which shortens the previous operation process and reduces the number of operation steps.

[0086] The brake disc assembly system of this invention shortens equipment debugging time and advances equipment trial operation, reducing the time for high-speed trains to roll off the production line compared to previous equipment. Previous equipment required camera-based visual recognition technology. This method necessitates collecting a large number of image samples for each workpiece, even with deep learning algorithms, requiring thousands of photos. Processing each image takes at least ten minutes to create a database, resulting in a minimum debugging time of six months. In contrast, this invention, with its specialized mechanical design, significantly reduces debugging time, completing the process in just two to three weeks, saving over five months compared to previous methods.

[0087] like Figure 11 As shown, the present invention also provides a brake disc assembly method, comprising the following steps:

[0088] S100: Place the brake disc and wheel disc on the top of the pre-assembly table 3 and pre-assemble the bolts and nuts; the first center positioning mechanism 32 performs center positioning and clamping of the brake disc workpiece, and the first angle positioning mechanism 33 performs angular positioning and circumferential positioning of the bolts;

[0089] S200: The first lifting mechanism 31 is reset, causing the brake disc workpiece to disengage from the first rotating mechanism 35. The transfer frame 2 transports the brake disc workpiece to the automatic tightening station via the customized conveyor line 4.

[0090] S300: The second lifting mechanism 61 raises and lifts the brake disc workpiece, and the second center positioning mechanism 62 centers and clamps the brake disc workpiece; the anti-reaction cylinder pushes the top 12-angle anti-reaction sleeve to be fitted onto the bolt head for limiting; the corresponding tightening shaft descends to tighten the nut according to the set torque;

[0091] S400: The brake disc bolt tightening operation is completed in sequence; the second lifting mechanism 61 is reset and disengaged from the brake disc workpiece, so that the brake disc workpiece falls onto the transfer frame 2, and the transfer frame 2 transports the brake disc workpiece to the manual calibration table 7.

[0092] S500: The third lifting mechanism raises and lifts the brake disc workpiece, and the third center positioning mechanism centers and clamps the brake disc workpiece; the second rotating mechanism rotates the brake disc workpiece, so that the bolt holes are rotated sequentially to the front of the operator; the second braking mechanism brakes the second rotating mechanism to prevent shaking when manually tightening the bolts.

[0093] S600: The operator uses a calibration wrench in conjunction with the second braking mechanism to check the brake disc bolts and observe whether the bolts have reached the set tightening torque.

[0094] S700: After verification, the third center positioning mechanism is released, the third lifting mechanism is lowered, and the workpiece is connected to the wheel disc conveyor line 8. The wheel disc conveyor line 8 transfers the brake disc workpiece that has completed the recalibration to the next station, thereby completing the tightening operation.

[0095] Those skilled in the art will readily understand that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A brake disc assembly system, characterized in that, include: A variable pitch multi-axis tightening machine (1) includes a tightening mechanism (12) located directly above the automatic tightening station. The tightening mechanism (12) adjusts the number of tightening shafts according to the different sizes of brake disc workpieces and outputs a set torque to tighten the bolts. The transfer frame (2), in conjunction with the customized conveyor line (4), transports the brake disc workpiece to different work stations; The pre-assembly platform (3) located at the manual pre-assembly station includes a first lifting mechanism (31), a first center positioning mechanism (32), a first corner positioning mechanism (33), a first braking mechanism (34), and a first rotating mechanism (35). The first lifting mechanism (31) lifts and raises the brake disc workpiece. The first center positioning mechanism (32) is a three-jaw chuck structure that clamps and positions the center of the brake disc workpiece. The first corner positioning mechanism (33) is aligned with the bolts of the brake disc workpiece. It is located at the least common multiple of the angle positions of different workpiece bolts. It rises and fits onto the 12-angle bolt head of the lower bolt of the brake disc workpiece to complete the 12-angle positioning of the bolt head. Functions; the first rotating mechanism (35) drives the brake disc workpiece to rotate, and under the braking of the first braking mechanism (34), precisely rotates each group of bolts to the designated position; the first angular positioning mechanism (33) is located directly below the pitch circle of the brake disc workpiece bolts, and includes a positioning drive cylinder and a positioning sleeve; the positioning drive cylinder drives the piston rod to extend and retract in the vertical direction; the positioning sleeve is fixedly installed at the end of the piston rod of the positioning drive cylinder to realize the circumferential positioning of the brake disc workpiece and the angular positioning of the bolt head; the first lifting mechanism (31) includes a base plate (311), a screw jack (312), a guide column (313), an intermediate plate (314), and a top plate (315). 315), step (316), first motor (317), support rod (318), and graphite bushing (319); the base plate (311) is fixed to the ground by anchors, and guide posts (313) are vertically fixed at the four corners of its top; the tops of the four sets of guide posts (313) pass through the four corners of the middle plate (314) and are vertically fixed to the four corners of the top plate (315); the graphite bushing (319) is slidably sleeved on the guide post (313), and its top is fixedly connected to the bottom of the middle plate (314). The inner diameter of the graphite bushing (319) is adapted to the outer diameter of the guide post (313); the step (316) is slidably sleeved on the guide post (313). The bottom of the screw jack (312) is fixedly connected to the top of the middle plate (314); the screw jack (312) includes a screw shaft and a screw nut, the top of the screw shaft is rotatably connected to the center of the bottom of the top plate (315), and the bottom is set on a right-angle coupling; the screw nut is threadedly connected to the screw shaft, and its top is fixedly connected to the bottom of the middle plate (314); the support rod (318) is provided in four sets, its bottom is vertically fixed to the top of the middle plate (314), and its top passes through the top plate (315) and is fixedly connected to the bottom of the first rotating mechanism (35); the first motor (317) is fixedly set on the ground, and its motor shaft is connected to a right-angle coupling set at the center of the bottom plate (311);The automatic tightening table (6) located at the automatic tightening station includes a second lifting mechanism (61), a second center positioning mechanism (62), a servo indexing mechanism (63), an anti-reaction lifting mechanism (64), and a second rotating mechanism (65). The second lifting mechanism (61) lifts the brake disc workpiece that has completed center positioning, circumferential positioning, and dodecagonal positioning. The second center positioning mechanism controls the brake disc workpiece to perform center positioning and clamping. The second rotating mechanism (65) drives the brake disc workpiece to rotate. Under the braking of the servo indexing mechanism (63), the bolt is aligned with the corresponding anti-reaction lifting mechanism (64). The anti-reaction lifting mechanism (64) rises to position and lock the bolt head. The variable pitch multi-axis tightening machine (1) outputs the corresponding torque to tighten the nuts in sequence. And the manual calibration platform (7) located at the manual calibration position, where the operator holds a calibration wrench to check the brake disc bolts and verify whether the bolts have reached the set tightening torque.

2. The brake disc assembly system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first rotating mechanism (35) is fixedly mounted on the top of the first lifting mechanism (31), including a base, a rotating frame mounted on the base, and a rotating motor that drives the rotating frame to rotate; The first center positioning mechanism (32) is located at the center of the first rotating mechanism (35). It is a specially made large-stroke pneumatic three-jaw chuck. Driven by air pressure, the three sets of jaws are simultaneously unfolded to clamp the inner side of the brake disc workpiece and complete the center positioning operation of the brake disc workpiece at the same time. The first braking mechanism (34) brakes the first rotating mechanism (35), which includes a brake pad. The brake pad is driven by a cylinder to apply pressure to the rotating frame to stop it, preventing shaking when the bolt is manually tightened.

3. A brake disc assembly system according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that, The anti-reaction lifting mechanism (64) is provided with a corresponding number of sets according to the tightening shaft. They are located at the common multiple of the bolt angles of different workpieces and are directly below the tightening shaft. It includes an anti-reaction cylinder and an anti-reaction sleeve. The anti-reaction cylinder pushes the anti-reaction sleeve to move in the vertical direction, aligns it with the bolt head that has been angularly positioned, and is sleeved on the bolt head for limiting, so as to counteract the torque generated when tightening the bolt.

4. A brake disc assembly system according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that, The manual calibration platform (7) is used for manual calibration of the brake disc, and includes a third lifting mechanism, a third center positioning mechanism, a second braking mechanism and a second rotating mechanism.

5. A brake disc assembly system according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that, The conveyor line (4) includes a main frame (41), a transmission guide rail (42), a transmission slider (43), and a transmission belt (44). The main frame (41) is a cuboid frame structure, which is welded from steel structure, stress-relief process, and then integrally formed by machining center; the transmission guide rail (42) is symmetrically fixed on two sets of long inner sides of the main frame (41), with one set at the upper end and middle end of each set of long inner sides; the transmission slider (43) is slidably mounted on the transmission guide rail (42), and its outer side is fixedly connected to the transfer frame (2), so that the transfer frame moves linearly along the transmission slider (43); the transmission belt (44) is provided in two sets, which are symmetrically mounted on two sets of long inner sides of the main frame (41), and are driven by the rotation of the drive wheel and the transmission wheel located at the front and rear ends of the long inner sides to perform reciprocating motion.

6. A brake disc assembly system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The transfer frame (2) is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the transverse central axis of the main frame (41). It is a sheet frame structure, with the middle part and the lower part respectively fixedly connected to the transmission slider (43), so that the transfer frame (2) can move linearly along the transmission guide rail (42). The transfer frame (2) is also provided with a buckle assembly, which realizes the fixed connection between the transfer frame (2) and the transmission belt (44). The two sets of transfer frames (2) can move linearly by the drive of the transmission belt (44).

7. A brake disc assembly system according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that, The variable pitch multi-axis tightening machine (1) also includes a cabinet (11), a control module (13), a power distribution panel (14), and a tightening feed mechanism (15); the cabinet (11) is fixed on the ground; the control module (13) and the power distribution panel (14) are respectively located at the upper and lower parts of the internal space of the cabinet (11); the control module (13) controls other functional units to perform operations according to the set instructions; the power distribution panel (14) supplies power to other functional units; the tightening feed mechanism (15) is fixed on the upper front side of the cabinet (11), and it is a servo screw module that drives the tightening mechanism (12) to perform vertical displacement, thereby realizing the feed operation of tightening bolts.

8. A brake disc assembly method, implemented using a brake disc assembly system as described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S100: Place the brake disc and wheel disc on the top of the pre-assembly table (3) and pre-assemble the bolts and nuts; the first center positioning mechanism (32) performs center positioning and clamping of the brake disc workpiece, and the first corner positioning mechanism (33) performs corner positioning and circumferential positioning of the bolts; S200: The first lifting mechanism (31) is reset, causing the brake disc workpiece to disengage from the first rotating mechanism (35), and the transfer frame (2) transports the brake disc workpiece to the automatic tightening station via the customized conveyor line (4). S300: The second lifting mechanism (61) lifts and supports the brake disc workpiece, and the second center positioning mechanism (62) centers and clamps the brake disc workpiece; the anti-reaction cylinder pushes the top 12-angle anti-reaction sleeve to be fitted onto the bolt head for limiting; the corresponding tightening shaft descends to tighten the nut according to the set torque; S400: The brake disc bolt tightening operation is completed in sequence; the second lifting mechanism (61) is reset and separated from the brake disc workpiece, so that the brake disc workpiece falls on the transfer frame (2), and the transfer frame (2) transports the brake disc workpiece to the manual calibration table (7); S500: The third lifting mechanism raises and lifts the brake disc workpiece, and the third center positioning mechanism centers and clamps the brake disc workpiece; the second rotating mechanism rotates the brake disc workpiece, so that the bolt holes are rotated sequentially to the front of the operator; the second braking mechanism brakes the second rotating mechanism to prevent shaking when manually tightening the bolts. S600: The operator uses a wrench to check the brake disc bolts in conjunction with the second brake mechanism to observe whether the bolts have reached the set tightening torque; S700: After the calibration is completed, the third center positioning mechanism is released, the third lifting mechanism is lowered, and the workpiece is connected to the wheel disc conveyor line (8). The wheel disc conveyor line (8) will transfer the brake disc workpiece that has completed the calibration to the next station, thereby completing the tightening operation.

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