A preparation method and application of reinforced aluminum-silicon alloy

Abstract

The present application discloses a preparation method and application of a reinforced aluminum-silicon alloy, relating to the field of metal material technology. The preparation method of the reinforced aluminum-silicon alloy comprises the following steps: S1. Al-18Si alloy powder, TiC powder, and Ti powder are placed in a ball mill, and after adding grinding balls, ball milling is performed to obtain a mixed powder; S2. The mixed powder obtained in S1 is hot-pressed and sintered under an inert atmosphere, and cooled to room temperature with the furnace to obtain an aluminum-silicon alloy reinforcement; S3. The aluminum-silicon alloy block is smelted with the aluminum-silicon alloy reinforcement obtained in S2, the core-shell structure powder, and the Yb powder, and then poured into a mold to obtain a reinforced aluminum-silicon alloy. The aluminum-silicon alloy provided in this application has excellent mechanical properties, good thermal conductivity, and wear resistance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of metal material technology, and in particular to a preparation method and application of a reinforced aluminum-silicon alloy. Background Art

[0002] Aluminum alloys have become indispensable materials in the aerospace, automotive, and electronics industries due to their low density, high specific strength and stiffness, excellent corrosion resistance, superior plasticity, excellent processability, and good weldability, electrical and thermal conductivity. Based on processing technology, aluminum alloys are primarily classified into two categories: wrought aluminum alloys and cast aluminum alloys. Cast aluminum alloys, due to their excellent process fluidity and moderate load-bearing capacity, are widely used in the manufacture of key components such as missile casings, fuel tank housings, engine accessory cases, engine oil lines, and automotive engine blocks and cylinder heads.

[0003] Currently, the most widely used cast aluminum alloy is cast aluminum-silicon alloy. Aluminum-silicon alloy's low density, excellent fluidity, good casting properties, and good corrosion resistance make it a vital material in modern industry. However, with the increasing demands on product operating environments and service life, the high-temperature mechanical properties, thermal conductivity, and wear resistance of traditional aluminum-silicon alloys are unable to meet the growing application needs. Therefore, there is an urgent need to further improve the comprehensive performance of aluminum-silicon alloys to adapt to a wider range of application scenarios and higher industrial standards. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to provide a reinforced aluminum-silicon alloy material with excellent mechanical properties, good thermal conductivity and strong wear resistance, the present application provides a preparation method and application of the reinforced aluminum-silicon alloy.

[0005] The present application provides a method for preparing a reinforced aluminum-silicon alloy, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A method for preparing a reinforced aluminum-silicon alloy comprises the following steps:

[0007] S1. Al-18Si alloy powder, TiC powder, and Ti powder were placed in a ball mill, and after adding grinding balls, they were ball milled to obtain a mixed powder;

[0008] S2 S1 obtained by hot pressing the mixed powder in an inert atmosphere, and the furnace was cooled to room temperature to obtain an aluminum-silicon alloy reinforcement;

[0009] S3. The aluminum-silicon alloy block and the aluminum-silicon alloy reinforcement obtained in S2, The core-shell structure powder and Yb powder are melted and then poured into a mold to obtain a reinforced aluminum-silicon alloy.

[0010] Preferably, the Al-18Si alloy powder, TiC powder and Ti powder in S1 include, by mass percentage, 85-95% Al-18Si alloy powder, 2-8% TiC powder and 3-7% Ti powder.

[0011] Preferably, the particle size of the Al-18Si alloy powder in S1 is 50-80 μm; the particle size of the TiC powder is 1-10 μm; and the particle size of the Ti powder is 10-50 μm.

[0012] Preferably, the grinding balls in S1 are agate balls; the ball-to-material ratio is 4-6:1; the ball milling speed is 150-200 r / min, and the ball milling time is 10-24 h.

[0013] Preferably, the hot pressing sintering temperature in S2 is 1200-1600° C., the sintering pressure is 30-50 MPa, and the sintering time is 1-3 h.

[0014] Preferably, the aluminum-silicon alloy block in S3, the aluminum-silicon alloy reinforcement obtained in S2, The mass ratio of the core-shell structure powder and the Yb powder is 90-95:3-6:1.55-3.43:0.45-0.57.

[0015] Preferably, the The method for preparing core-shell structure powder comprises the following steps:

[0016] Weigh the raw materials of boron carbide, titanium dihydride, sodium chloride, and potassium chloride; dry the sodium chloride at 150-200°C for 2-4 hours; add the dried sodium chloride, boron carbide, titanium dihydride, and potassium chloride to anhydrous ethanol and mix them evenly; then magnetically stir the mixed solution for 20-26 hours, remove the anhydrous ethanol by rotary evaporation, and vacuum dry at 50-60°C for 10-14 hours to obtain a dry mixture; then keep the dry mixture in a tube furnace at 1300-1500°C for 2-4 hours under the protection of high-purity argon; after cooling, soak the product in ultrapure water and wash it several times, and then dry it at 60-70°C for 12-16 hours to obtain Core-shell structure powder.

[0017] Preferably, the mass ratio of boron carbide, titanium dihydride, sodium chloride and potassium chloride is 0.5-0.6:0.4-0.5:1.5-2:2-2.5.

[0018] Preferably, the smelting temperature in S3 is 850-1000°C.

[0019] This application provides an application of a reinforced aluminum-silicon alloy, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0020] An application of a reinforced aluminum-silicon alloy, and an application of the reinforced aluminum-silicon alloy in the preparation of aluminum-silicon alloy products.

[0021] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0022] 1. This application synthesizes MAX phase in aluminum-silicon alloy by hot pressing sintering, which can significantly improve the thermal conductivity, chemical corrosion resistance, good mechanical properties and excellent tribological properties of aluminum-silicon alloy; the Si content in Al-18Si alloy is relatively high, and replacing element powder with TiC can promote and The formation of TiC and The content of Al and Si can be used as the A site of MAX phase at the same time, and the A site of MAX phase is solid-solution strengthened under high temperature and high pressure, that is, part of Ti, Al and Si are evenly distributed in the whole matrix to form TiAl (Si) C solid solution; then the aluminum-silicon alloy block and the aluminum-silicon alloy reinforcement generated by hot pressing and sintering are taken. The core-shell structure powder and Yb powder are smelted in a smelting furnace to obtain alloy metal liquid, which can be directly poured into a mold to obtain the required aluminum-silicon alloy product.

[0023] 2. In the present application, Yb powder is added during the smelting process. The rare earth metal Yb can refine the grains of the aluminum-silicon alloy and improve the microstructure of the alloy, thereby further improving the strength and toughness of the aluminum-silicon alloy.

[0024] 3. This application is based on and The raw materials were successfully prepared by molten salt method. Core-shell structure composite powder, through The core-shell structure powder further reinforces the aluminum-silicon alloy and can effectively improve the mechanical properties and wear resistance of the aluminum-silicon alloy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 This is a scanning electron microscope image (100 times) of the reinforced aluminum-silicon alloy prepared in Example 1 of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The present application is further described in detail below with reference to preparation examples and embodiments.

[0027] The chemical reagents used in the preparation examples, embodiments and comparative examples provided in the present invention are all commercially available products.

[0028] Preparation Example Preparation of core-shell structure powders

[0029] Preparation Example 1

[0030] Weigh 0.5 g of boron carbide, 0.4 g of titanium dihydride, 1.5 g of sodium chloride, and 2 g of potassium chloride as raw materials; dry the sodium chloride at 150° C. for 4 h; add the dried sodium chloride, boron carbide, titanium dihydride, and potassium chloride to 50 mL of anhydrous ethanol and mix evenly; then magnetically stir the mixed solution for 20 h, remove the anhydrous ethanol by rotary evaporation, and vacuum dry at 50° C. for 14 h to obtain a dry mixture; then, keep the dry mixture in a tube furnace at 1300° C. for 2 h under the protection of high-purity argon; after cooling, soak and wash the product with ultrapure water three times, and then dry it at 60° C. for 16 h to obtain Core-shell structure powder.

[0031] Preparation Example 2

[0032] Weigh 0.5 g of boron carbide, 0.4 g of titanium dihydride, 1.5 g of sodium chloride, and 2 g of potassium chloride as raw materials; dry the sodium chloride at 175° C. for 3 h; add the dried sodium chloride, boron carbide, titanium dihydride, and potassium chloride to 55 mL of anhydrous ethanol and mix evenly; then magnetically stir the mixed solution for 23 h, remove the anhydrous ethanol by rotary evaporation, and vacuum dry at 55° C. for 12 h to obtain a dry mixture; then, keep the dry mixture in a tube furnace at 1400° C. for 3 h under the protection of high-purity argon; after cooling, soak and wash the product with ultrapure water 4 times, and then dry it at 65° C. for 14 h to obtain Core-shell structure powder.

[0033] Preparation Example 3

[0034] Weigh 0.5 g of boron carbide, 0.4 g of titanium dihydride, 1.5 g of sodium chloride, and 2 g of potassium chloride as raw materials; dry the sodium chloride at 200° C. for 2 h; add the dried sodium chloride, boron carbide, titanium dihydride, and potassium chloride to 60 mL of anhydrous ethanol and mix evenly; then magnetically stir the mixed solution for 26 h, remove the anhydrous ethanol by rotary evaporation, and vacuum dry at 60° C. for 10 h to obtain a dry mixture; then, keep the dry mixture in a tube furnace at 1500° C. for 4 h under the protection of high-purity argon; after cooling, soak and wash the product with ultrapure water 5 times, and then dry it at 70° C. for 12 h to obtain Core-shell structure powder.

[0035] Preparation Example 4

[0036] Preparation Example 4 is different from Preparation Example 1 in that the raw materials in Preparation Example 4 are 0.55 g of boron carbide, 0.45 g of titanium dihydride, 1.75 g of sodium chloride, and 2.25 g of potassium chloride.

[0037] Preparation Example 5

[0038] The difference between Preparation Example 5 and Preparation Example 1 is that the raw materials in Preparation Example 5 are 0.6 g of boron carbide, 0.5 g of titanium dihydride, 2 g of sodium chloride, and 2.5 g of potassium chloride.

[0039] Preparation Example 6

[0040] The difference between Preparation Example 6 and Preparation Example 1 is that the raw materials in Preparation Example 6 include 0.4 g of boron carbide, 0.3 g of titanium dihydride, 1 g of sodium chloride, and 1.5 g of potassium chloride.

[0041] Preparation Example 7

[0042] The difference between Preparation Example 7 and Preparation Example 1 is that the raw materials in Preparation Example 7 are 0.7 g of boron carbide, 0.6 g of titanium dihydride, 2.5 g of sodium chloride, and 3 g of potassium chloride.

[0043] Example 1

[0044] S1. According to 10g, 8.5g Al-18Si alloy powder, 0.8g TiC powder, 0.7g Ti powder was placed in a ball mill, 40g agate balls were added, and the mixture was milled at a speed of 150r / min for 24h to obtain a mixed powder;

[0045] S2 S1 obtained mixed powder in a high-purity argon atmosphere, the sintering temperature was 1200 ℃, the sintering pressure was 50MPa under hot pressing sintering 1h, with the furnace cooled to room temperature to obtain aluminum-silicon alloy reinforcement;

[0046] S3. 9g aluminum-silicon alloy block and 0.6g aluminum-silicon alloy reinforcement obtained in S2, 0.343g prepared in Preparation Example 1 The core-shell structure powder and 0.057g Yb powder were melted at 850℃ and then poured into a mold to obtain a reinforced aluminum-silicon alloy.

[0047] In this embodiment, the particle size of the Al-18Si alloy powder is 50-80 μm; the particle size of the TiC powder is 1-10 μm; and the particle size of the Ti powder is 10-50 μm.

[0048] Example 2

[0049] S1. According to 10g, 8.5g Al-18Si alloy powder, 0.8g TiC powder, 0.7g Ti powder was placed in a ball mill, 50g agate balls were added, and the mixture was milled at a speed of 175r / min for 17h to obtain a mixed powder;

[0050] S2 S1 obtained mixed powder in a high-purity argon atmosphere, the sintering temperature was 1400 ℃, the sintering pressure was 40MPa under hot pressing sintering 2h, with the furnace cooled to room temperature to obtain aluminum-silicon alloy reinforcement;

[0051] S3. 9g aluminum-silicon alloy block and 0.6g aluminum-silicon alloy reinforcement obtained in S2, 0.343g prepared in Preparation Example 1 The core-shell structure powder and 0.057g Yb powder were melted at 950℃ and then poured into a mold to obtain a reinforced aluminum-silicon alloy.

[0052] In this embodiment, the particle size of the Al-18Si alloy powder is 50-80 μm; the particle size of the TiC powder is 1-10 μm; and the particle size of the Ti powder is 10-50 μm.

[0053] Example 3

[0054] S1. According to 10g, 8.5g Al-18Si alloy powder, 0.8g TiC powder, 0.7g Ti powder was placed in a ball mill, 60g agate balls were added, and the mixture was milled at a speed of 200r / min for 10h to obtain a mixed powder;

[0055] S2 S1 obtained mixed powder in a high-purity argon atmosphere, the sintering temperature was 1600 ℃, the sintering pressure was 30MPa under hot pressing sintering 3h, with the furnace cooled to room temperature to obtain aluminum-silicon alloy reinforcement;

[0056] S3. 9g aluminum-silicon alloy block and 0.6g aluminum-silicon alloy reinforcement obtained in S2, 0.343g prepared in Preparation Example 1 The core-shell structure powder and 0.057g Yb powder were melted at 1000℃ and then poured into a mold to obtain a reinforced aluminum-silicon alloy.

[0057] In this embodiment, the particle size of the Al-18Si alloy powder is 50-80 μm; the particle size of the TiC powder is 1-10 μm; and the particle size of the Ti powder is 10-50 μm.

[0058] Example 4

[0059] The difference between Example 4 and Example 1 is that in Example 4, the mass of the Al-18Si alloy powder used in S1 is 9 g, the mass of the TiC powder is 0.5 g, and the mass of the Ti powder is 0.5 g.

[0060] Example 5

[0061] The difference between Example 5 and Example 1 is that in Example 5, the mass of the Al-18Si alloy powder used in S1 is 9.5 g, the mass of the TiC powder is 0.2 g, and the mass of the Ti powder is 0.3 g.

[0062] Example 6

[0063] The difference between Example 6 and Example 1 is that in Example 6, the mass of the Al-18Si alloy powder used in S1 is 7.5 g, the mass of the TiC powder is 1.4 g, and the mass of the Ti powder is 1.1 g.

[0064] Example 7

[0065] The difference between Example 7 and Example 1 is that the mass of the aluminum-silicon alloy block used in S3 in Example 7 is 9.25g, the mass of the aluminum-silicon alloy reinforcement obtained in S2 is 0.45g, and the mass of the aluminum-silicon alloy reinforcement obtained in Preparation Example 1 is 0. The mass of the core-shell structure powder is 0.249 g, and the mass of the Yb powder is 0.051 g.

[0066] Example 8

[0067] The difference between Example 8 and Example 1 is that the mass of the aluminum-silicon alloy block used in S3 in Example 8 is 9.5g, the mass of the aluminum-silicon alloy reinforcement obtained in S2 is 0.3g, and the mass of the aluminum-silicon alloy reinforcement obtained in Preparation Example 1 is 0.3g. The mass of the core-shell structure powder is 0.155 g, and the mass of the Yb powder is 0.045 g.

[0068] Example 9

[0069] The difference between Example 9 and Example 1 is that the mass of the aluminum-silicon alloy block used in S3 in Example 9 is 8.5g, the mass of the aluminum-silicon alloy reinforcement obtained in S2 is 0.75g, and the mass of the aluminum-silicon alloy reinforcement obtained in Preparation Example 1 is 0.75g. The mass of the core-shell structure powder is 0.531 g, and the mass of the Yb powder is 0.069 g.

[0070] Example 10

[0071] The difference between Example 10 and Example 1 is that the mass of the aluminum-silicon alloy block used in S3 in Example 10 is 9.8 g, the mass of the aluminum-silicon alloy reinforcement obtained in S2 is 0.1 g, and the mass of the aluminum-silicon alloy reinforcement obtained in Preparation Example 1 is 0.1 g. The mass of the core-shell structure powder is 0.055 g, and the mass of the Yb powder is 0.025 g.

[0072] Example 11

[0073] The difference between Example 11 and Example 1 is that the method used in S3 in Example 11 is The core-shell structure powder was prepared according to Preparation Example 2.

[0074] Example 12

[0075] The difference between Example 12 and Example 1 is that the method used in S3 in Example 12 is The core-shell structure powder was prepared by Preparation Example 3.

[0076] Example 13

[0077] The difference between Example 13 and Example 1 is that the method used in S3 in Example 13 is The core-shell structure powder was prepared by Preparation Example 4.

[0078] Example 14

[0079] The difference between Example 14 and Example 1 is that the method used in S3 in Example 14 is The core-shell structure powder was prepared by Preparation Example 5.

[0080] Example 15

[0081] The difference between Example 15 and Example 1 is that the method used in S3 in Example 15 is The core-shell structure powder was prepared by Preparation Example 6.

[0082] Example 16

[0083] The difference between Example 16 and Example 1 is that the method used in S3 in Example 16 is The core-shell structure powder was prepared by Preparation Example 7.

[0084] Comparative Example 1

[0085] The difference between Comparative Example 1 and Example 1 is that in Comparative Example 1, the mass of the Al-18Si alloy powder used in S1 is 9.5 g, and the mass of the TiC powder is 0.5 g.

[0086] Comparative Example 2

[0087] The difference between Comparative Example 2 and Example 1 is that in Comparative Example 2, the mass of the Al-18Si alloy powder used in S1 is 9.5 g, and the mass of the Ti powder is 0.5 g.

[0088] Comparative Example 3

[0089] The difference between Comparative Example 3 and Example 1 is that in Comparative Example 3, no Core-shell structure powder.

[0090] Comparative Example 4

[0091] The difference between Comparative Example 4 and Example 1 is that in Comparative Example 4, no Yb powder is added to S3.

[0092] Performance testing

[0093] 1. With reference to GB / T 228.1-2021 “Tensile tests on metallic materials - Part 1: Room temperature test methods”, the tensile strength and yield strength of the reinforced aluminum-silicon alloys obtained in Examples 1-16 and Comparative Examples 1-4 were tested, and the results are shown in Table 1.

[0094] 2. With reference to GB / T 3651-2008 “Method for measuring thermal conductivity of metals at high temperatures”, the thermal conductivity of the reinforced aluminum-silicon alloys obtained in Examples 1-16 and Comparative Examples 1-4 was tested. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0095] 3. Wear resistance test: Place the prepared sample on the wear resistance testing machine, set the test parameters, set the load force to 10N, the speed to 300rpm, and the test time to 30 minutes, record the weight before and after friction, and calculate the loss percentage. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0096] The specific test results are as follows:

[0097] Table 1 Performance test results

[0098]

[0099] It can be seen from the test results in Table 1 that the silicon-aluminum alloy prepared by the preparation method of an aluminum-silicon alloy provided in the present application has high tensile strength and yield strength; the thermal conductivity coefficient reaches 150W / (m·K), indicating that the silicon-aluminum alloy prepared by the preparation method of an aluminum-silicon alloy provided in the present application has good thermal conductivity; the percentage of weight loss before and after friction is less than 1%, indicating that the silicon-aluminum alloy prepared by the preparation method of an aluminum-silicon alloy provided in the present application has excellent wear resistance.

[0100] This specific embodiment is merely an explanation of the present application and is not a limitation of the present application. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art may make non-creative modifications to the present embodiment as needed, but as long as they are within the scope of the claims of the present application, they are protected by the patent law.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a reinforced aluminum-silicon alloy, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Al-18Si alloy powder, TiC powder, and Ti powder were placed in a ball mill, and after adding grinding balls, they were ball milled to obtain a mixed powder; S2 S1 obtained by hot pressing the mixed powder in an inert atmosphere, and the furnace was cooled to room temperature to obtain an aluminum-silicon alloy reinforcement; S3. The aluminum-silicon alloy block and the aluminum-silicon alloy reinforcement obtained in S2, B4C@TiB2 core-shell structure powder, Yb powder were smelted and then poured into a mold to obtain a reinforced aluminum-silicon alloy; The Al-18Si alloy powder, TiC powder, and Ti powder in S1 include, by mass, 85-95% Al-18Si alloy powder, 2-8% TiC powder, and 3-7% Ti powder; The mass ratio of the aluminum-silicon alloy block in S3, the aluminum-silicon alloy reinforcement obtained in S2, the B4C@TiB2 core-shell structure powder, and the Yb powder is 90-95:3-6:1.55-3.43:0.45-0.

57.

2. The method for preparing a reinforced aluminum-silicon alloy according to claim 1, wherein: The particle size of the Al-18Si alloy powder in S1 is 50-80 μm; the particle size of the TiC powder is 1-10 μm; and the particle size of the Ti powder is 10-50 μm.

3. The method for preparing a reinforced aluminum-silicon alloy according to claim 1, wherein: The grinding balls in S1 are agate balls; the mass ratio of the grinding balls to the total mass of the Al-18Si alloy powder, TiC powder, and Ti powder is 4-6:1; the ball milling speed is 150-200 r / min, and the ball milling time is 10-24 h.

4. The method for preparing a reinforced aluminum-silicon alloy according to claim 1, wherein: The hot pressing sintering temperature in S2 is 1200-1600° C., the sintering pressure is 30-50 MPa, and the sintering time is 1-3 hours.

5. The method for preparing a reinforced aluminum-silicon alloy according to claim 1, wherein: The preparation method of the B4C@TiB2 core-shell structure powder comprises the following steps: Weigh the raw materials of boron carbide, titanium dihydride, sodium chloride and potassium chloride; dry the sodium chloride at 150-200°C for 2-4 hours; add the dried sodium chloride, boron carbide, titanium dihydride and potassium chloride to anhydrous ethanol and mix evenly, then magnetically stir the mixed solution for 20-26 hours, remove the anhydrous ethanol through a rotary evaporator, and vacuum dry at 50-60°C for 10-14 hours to obtain a dry mixture; then keep the dry mixture in a tube furnace at 1300-1500°C for 2-4 hours under the protection of high-purity argon; after cooling, soak the product in ultrapure water and wash it several times, then dry it at 60-70°C for 12-16 hours to obtain B4C@TiB2 core-shell structure powder.

6. The method for preparing a reinforced aluminum-silicon alloy according to claim 5, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the boron carbide, titanium dihydride, sodium chloride and potassium chloride is 0.5-0.6:0.4-0.5:1.5-2:2-2.

5.

7. The method for preparing a reinforced aluminum-silicon alloy according to claim 1, wherein: The smelting temperature in S3 is 850-1000°C.

8. Use of a reinforced aluminum-silicon alloy according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: Application of the reinforced aluminum-silicon alloy in the preparation of aluminum-silicon alloy products.

Images