Surface micro-structure brake disc with hydrophobic, ice-inhibiting and water-throwing stable braking functions

Abstract

The invention discloses a surface micro-structure brake disc with hydrophobic, ice-inhibiting and water-throwing stable braking, which comprises a brake disc, a micro-groove structure, a micro-pit structure and a micro-groove slope structure, the micro-groove structure is arranged on the surface of the brake disc, the micro-pit structure is arranged on the inner side of the micro-groove structure, and the micro-groove slope structure is arranged on the outer side of the micro-groove structure. Microscopic groove slope structures are arranged on the outer side of the brake disc, the microscopic groove slope structures are distributed on the surface of the brake disc in a streamline mode, the microscopic groove structures are symmetrically distributed, and the microscopic pit structures are arranged on the inner walls of the microscopic groove structures. Through mutual cooperation of various structures of the brake disc, rapid water drainage, ice and snow adhesion reduction and stable braking can be achieved, abnormal abrasion of the brake disc and a brake pad is reduced, the service life is prolonged, train running safety is guaranteed, and the later maintenance cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of the design and manufacture of high-speed train braking components, and particularly relates to a brake disc with a surface micro-morphological structure for hydrophobic ice suppression, water throwing and stable braking. Background Art

[0002] The brake disc is a core component of the high-speed train braking system, and its reliability directly affects the braking effect of the train, and thus has an important impact on the safe operation of the high-speed train. Since the operation of the high-speed train is a typical high-speed and heavy-load working condition, the contact interface between the brake disc and the brake pad is in a high-temperature and high-pressure friction state during braking, and the highest temperature on the surface of the brake disc can reach 700 °C, which makes the brake disc prone to damage problems such as wear, hot spots and cracks. The service environment of the EMUs operating in alpine regions in the severe winter season is more demanding. In addition to the above-mentioned damages, the brake discs of these EMUs have also exposed some special problems in recent operation and maintenance practices, such as serious scratches on the surface of the brake disc and a large amount of molten metal embedded in the gap at the contact interface with the brake pad. The abnormal wear of the brake discs of alpine EMUs has seriously affected the normal maintenance work of the EMUs by the operation and maintenance units, significantly increased the operation and maintenance costs, and posed a serious hidden danger to the safe operation of alpine EMUs.

[0003] In Chinese Patent CN 201822272750.0, a structure is proposed which includes a hub, and a plurality of blades integrally connected to the outer side wall surface of the hub and regularly arranged in the circumferential direction, and a water ring surrounding the plurality of blades and connected to the outer edge of the blades. The water ring is regularly provided with a plurality of water throwing platforms along its circumferential direction, and the water throwing platforms have a water throwing surface inclined downward along the running direction of the water ring. During the operation of the axial-flow fan blade, the condensed dew on the blade is guided to the water ring under the action of centrifugal force. Along with the running process of the water ring, the condensed dew is guided to the water throwing surface and thrown out under the action of centrifugal force. This patent considers the centrifugal splashing of liquid droplets due to the centrifugal action of the rotating part during rotation, but it is not applicable to the working condition of water throwing on the brake disc plane. Therefore, the present invention proposes a brake disc with a surface micro-morphological structure for hydrophobic ice suppression, water throwing and stable braking to solve the problems existing in the prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Aiming at the above problems, the purpose of the present invention is to propose a brake disc with a surface micro-morphological structure for hydrophobic ice suppression, water throwing and stable braking. The brake disc with a surface micro-morphological structure for hydrophobic ice suppression, water throwing and stable braking can achieve a micro-morphological structure brake disc with rapid hydrophobic drainage, reduced ice and snow adhesion and stable braking through the mutual cooperation of various structures of the brake disc, and is committed to reducing the abnormal wear of the brake disc and the brake pad, extending the service life, ensuring the train running safety and reducing the later maintenance cost.

[0005] To achieve the objectives of the present invention, the present invention is realized through the following technical solutions: A surface micro-morphological structure brake disc with hydrophobic ice suppression, water throwing, and stable braking, comprising a brake disc, a micro-groove structure, a micro-pit structure, and a micro-groove slope structure. The surface of the brake disc is provided with a micro-groove structure, the inner side of the micro-groove structure is provided with a micro-pit structure, the outer side of the brake disc is provided with a micro-groove slope structure. The micro-groove structure is distributed on the surface of the brake disc in a streamline form, the micro-groove structure shows a symmetrical distribution, the micro-pit structure is arranged on the inner wall of the micro-groove structure, the micro-groove slope structure is arranged in the micro-groove structure, the micro-groove structure is arranged in the circumferential direction, and the micro-groove slope structure is arranged at the bottom end of the micro-groove structure. The reasonably designed groove structure can generate appropriate vibrations with the brake pads to ensure the stability of braking, and the symmetrical micro-groove structure ensures that drainage and de-icing can be achieved when the train travels in both forward and reverse directions.

[0006] A further improvement lies in that: a notch is opened on one side of the micro-groove structure, there are multiple groups of notches and the number is not less than two groups, and the size specifications of each group of notches are the same.

[0007] A further improvement lies in that: the surface of the micro-groove is coated with a hydrophobic coating, the hydrophobic coating is combined with the micro-morphological structure, and the material of the hydrophobic coating is polytetrafluoroethylene.

[0008] A further improvement lies in that: drainage channels are opened on the inner side of the micro-groove structure, there are multiple groups of drainage channels, and the length specifications of each group of drainage channels are the same.

[0009] A further improvement lies in that: a wear-resistant coating is provided on the surface of the brake disc, and the material of the wear-resistant coating is a silicon carbide composite material.

[0010] A further improvement lies in that: a connection structure is opened at the central position of the brake disc, and multiple groups of friction grooves are opened on the inner side of the connection structure.

[0011] A further improvement lies in that: the micro-pit structure is arranged inside the micro-groove slope structure and is installed on the inner wall of the entire micro-groove structure.

[0012] A further improvement lies in that: the micro-groove slope structure is arranged in the surface micro-groove structure, and the slope gradually decreases from high to low from the inner radius to the outer radius of the brake disc.

[0013] A further improvement lies in that: the micro-groove structure on the surface of the brake disc is symmetrically designed.

[0014] A further improvement lies in that: multiple groups of pores are opened on the inner side of the micro-pit structure.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The present invention can achieve a microstructural brake disc with rapid hydrophobic drainage, reduced ice and snow adhesion, and guaranteed braking stability through the mutual cooperation of various structures of the brake disc. It is committed to reducing the abnormal wear of the brake disc and brake pads, extending the service life, ensuring the train operation safety, and reducing the later maintenance cost. The microstructural and hydrophobic coating on the surface of the brake disc can reduce the adhesion of water molecules and the formation of water film, thereby increasing the friction coefficient during braking and enhancing the braking efficiency. The microstructural and hydrophobic coating can also inhibit the formation of ice. Even in a low-temperature environment, the brake disc is not easily frozen and maintains good braking performance. The designed drainage channels and groove structures can quickly drain the accumulated water during braking, reduce the influence of water on the braking effect, and improve the braking stability. It also provides design ideas and innovative concepts for friction and wear parts operating under complex and harsh working conditions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0017] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a brake disc with a microstructural surface for hydrophobic ice inhibition, water throwing, ice removal, and stable braking;

[0018] Figure 2 Side view of the micro water-throwing ramp structure.

[0019] Reference numerals in the drawings: 1, brake disc; 2, micro groove structure; 3, micro pit structure; 4, micro groove slope structure; 5, fracture; 6, hydrophobic coating; 7, drainage channel; 8, wear-resistant coating; 9, connection structure; 10, friction groove; 11, pore. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0020] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "installation", "connection" and "coupling" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it may be the communication inside two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0022] In the document CN 201822272750.0, a plurality of water throwing platforms are regularly arranged along the circumferential direction of the water ring of the axial flow fan blade with a water throwing structure. The water throwing platform has a water throwing surface inclined downward along the running direction of the water ring. During the operation of the axial flow fan blade, the condensed water on the blade is guided to the water ring under the action of centrifugal force. Along with the running process of the water ring, the condensed water is guided to the water throwing surface and thrown out under the action of centrifugal force. Therefore, in this technical solution, the operation of the fan blade can quickly peel off the water droplets on the blade, improve the heat exchange efficiency of the fan blade, and thus improve the energy efficiency of the air conditioner as a whole. However, it cannot solve the technical problems that ice and snow are likely to accumulate on the surface of the brake disc of a high-speed train running in severe winter, and the contact of the friction interface is unstable due to the impact of the water film, resulting in serious wear, scratches, and metal inlay, which greatly threatens the driving safety. In this application, a streamline-shaped mesoscopic groove structure is machined on the surface of the brake disc. The streamline form gradually transitions from the radial direction to the circumferential direction as the radius increases. Considering the problem of bidirectional running of the train, the mesoscopic groove streamline structure is symmetrically distributed. The mesoscopic groove has the effect of removing ice and snow on the surface of the brake disc. There is a ramp structure inside the mesoscopic groove structure with a height gradually decreasing from the inner diameter to the outer diameter of the brake disc. The micro-pit hydrophobic structure covers the inner wall of the entire mesoscopic groove structure to quickly drain the accumulated water.

[0023] According to Figure 1 、 Figure 2As shown in the figure, this embodiment provides a brake disc with a hydrophobic, ice-inhibiting, water-throwing and stable braking surface micro-meso structure, including a brake disc 1, a mesoscopic groove structure 2, a microscopic pit structure 3, and a mesoscopic groove slope structure 4. The surface of the brake disc 1 is provided with a mesoscopic groove structure 2, through which the accumulated water on the surface of the brake disc can be effectively guided and discharged, reducing the formation of a water film, thereby improving braking stability. The mesoscopic groove structure helps to dissipate heat during braking, prevent the brake disc from overheating, and maintain the stability of braking performance. Inside the mesoscopic groove structure 2, there is a microscopic pit structure 3. By setting the microscopic pit structure, air capture is increased, an air cushion effect is formed, the contact area between water molecules and the surface of the brake disc is reduced, and the hydrophobic performance of the brake disc is improved. The microscopic pit structure can interfere with the orderly arrangement of water molecules on the surface of the brake disc, thereby inhibiting the formation of ice and helping to prevent the surface of the brake disc from icing in cold regions. On the outside of the brake disc 1, there is a mesoscopic groove slope structure 4, through which the drainage path can be optimized, enabling the accumulated water to be discharged from the surface of the brake disc more quickly, reducing the formation of a water film, and improving braking stability. The mesoscopic groove structure 2 is distributed on the surface of the brake disc 1 in a streamline form. The mesoscopic groove structure 2 is symmetrically distributed. The microscopic pit structure 3 is arranged on the inner wall of the mesoscopic groove structure 2. The mesoscopic groove slope structure 4 is arranged in the mesoscopic groove structure 2. The mesoscopic groove structure 2 is arranged in the circumferential direction, and the mesoscopic groove slope structure 4 is arranged at the bottom of the mesoscopic groove structure 2. The mesoscopic groove structure 2 is distributed on the surface of the brake disc 1 in a streamline form, which can fully throw the water droplets on the surface of the brake disc 1 along the streamline groove structure. The streamline groove structure should consider the rotation condition of the brake disc 1. The centrifugal force in the area with a smaller radius is smaller, and the droplet speed is slower. In order to prevent the droplets from colliding with the inner wall of the groove and causing energy loss, the linear velocity in the small-radius part is smaller, and the rotation distance per unit time is short. When the droplets are gradually thrown outwards under the action of centrifugal force, the linear velocity in the large-radius part is larger, and the rotation distance per unit time is long. Therefore, the design of the mesoscopic groove structure 2 in the large-radius part mainly follows the circumferential direction to facilitate the rapid throwing of water droplets out of the brake disc.

[0024] On one side of the mesoscopic groove structure 2, there are openings 5. There are multiple groups of openings 5 and the number is not less than two. The specifications and sizes of each group of openings 5 are the same. Due to the existence of "openings" in the mesoscopic groove structure 2, the brake pad is scratched during friction, and the ice and snow particles moving with the brake pad can be scraped off by the openings 5, ensuring the cleanliness of the braking interface, thereby ensuring the stability of the friction coefficient. At the same time, air capture is increased, an air cushion effect is formed, the contact area between water molecules and the surface of the brake disc is reduced, and thus the hydrophobic performance of the brake disc is improved.

[0025] The surface of the micro-groove structure 2 is coated with a hydrophobic coating 6. The hydrophobic coating 6 combines with the micro-meso structure. The material of the hydrophobic coating 6 is polytetrafluoroethylene. By setting the hydrophobic coating 6, its hydrophobic performance is enhanced. By combining the hydrophobic coating 6 with the internal structure, the hydrophobic effect of the brake disc 1 is further improved.

[0026] Drainage channels 7 are provided inside the micro-groove structure 2. Multiple groups of drainage channels 7 are provided, and the length specifications of each group of drainage channels 7 are the same. By setting the drainage channels 7, it helps to quickly drain the accumulated water during braking, reduce the formation of the water film, and improve the braking stability.

[0027] A wear-resistant coating 8 is provided on the surface of the brake disc 1. The material of the wear-resistant coating 8 is a silicon carbide composite material. By setting the wear-resistant coating 8, the wear caused by friction during braking is reduced, the service life of the brake disc 1 is extended. At the same time, the high temperature generated during braking will cause thermal damage to the brake disc 1. The wear-resistant coating 8 usually has good heat resistance and can protect the brake disc from high-temperature damage.

[0028] A connection structure 9 is provided at the center position of the brake disc 1. Multiple groups of friction grooves 10 are provided inside the connection structure 9. The shape formed by any two diameters dividing the ring is a fan-shaped ring. Each fan-shaped ring is divided into two parts, one of which is recessed downward to form the friction groove 10. A non-90° angle, the buffer angle, is provided between the plane on one side of the friction groove 10 and the bottom surface of the friction groove 10. By setting the friction groove 10, it helps to dissipate heat during braking, prevent the brake disc from overheating, and maintain the stability of the braking performance.

[0029] The micro-pit structure 3 is provided inside the micro-groove slope structure 4 and is installed on the inner wall of the entire micro-groove structure 2. The micro-pit structure 3 is distributed throughout the micro-groove structure 2 and the micro-groove slope structure 4. The pit structure can play a role in hydrophobic and anti-icing. Water droplets are not easily attached to the inside of the groove and will be quickly discharged from the brake disc along the micro-groove structure 2 under the action of centrifugal force and the acceleration of the micro-groove slope structure 4.

[0030] The micro-groove slope structure 4 is provided in the surface micro-groove structure 2, and the ramp gradually decreases from high to low from the inner radius to the outer radius of the brake disc 1.

[0031] The micro-groove structure 2 on the surface of the brake disc 1 is symmetrically designed. On the basis of throwing off water, the micro-groove structure 2 also plays a role in chip removal, pushing the grinding chips generated by friction into the groove and throwing them out, ensuring the smoothness of the contact friction of the braking interface.

[0032] Multiple groups of pores 11 are provided inside the micro-pit structure 3. Through the pores 11, air capture can be increased to form an air cushion effect, reducing the contact area between water molecules and the surface of the brake disc, thereby improving the hydrophobic performance of the brake disc.

[0033] When the brake disc with a hydrophobic, ice-suppressing, water-repelling and stable braking surface microstructure is in use, the meso-groove structure 2 can effectively guide and drain the accumulated water on the surface of the brake disc, reduce the formation of water film, and thus improve the braking stability. The meso-groove structure helps to dissipate heat during braking, prevent the brake disc 1 from overheating, and maintain the stability of the braking performance. The setting of the micro-pit structure 3 increases air capture, forms an air cushion effect, and reduces the contact area between water molecules and the surface of the brake disc, thereby improving the hydrophobic performance of the brake disc. The micro-pit structure can interfere with the orderly arrangement of water molecules on the surface of the brake disc, thereby inhibiting the formation of ice, especially in cold areas, and helps prevent the surface of the brake disc from icing. The meso-groove slope structure 4 can optimize the drainage path, so that the accumulated water can be discharged from the surface of the brake disc more quickly, reducing the formation of water film and improving the braking stability. The setting of the fracture 5 increases air capture, forms an air cushion effect, and reduces the contact area between water molecules and the surface of the brake disc. The contact area of the brake disc surface is increased, thereby improving the hydrophobic performance of the brake disc. The hydrophobic coating 6 is set to enhance its hydrophobic performance. The hydrophobic coating 6 is combined with the internal structure to further improve the hydrophobic effect of the brake disc 1. The drainage channel 7 is set to help quickly drain the accumulated water during braking, reduce the formation of water film, and improve braking stability. The wear-resistant coating 8 is set to reduce the wear caused by friction during braking and extend the service life of the brake disc 1. At the same time, the high temperature generated during braking will cause thermal damage to the brake disc 1. The wear-resistant coating 8 usually has good heat resistance and can protect the brake disc from high temperature damage. The friction groove 10 is set to help dissipate heat during braking, prevent the brake disc from overheating, and maintain the stability of braking performance. The pores 11 can increase air capture, form an air cushion effect, and reduce the contact area between water molecules and the brake disc surface, thereby improving the hydrophobic performance of the brake disc.

[0034] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A brake disc with a surface microstructure that can repel water, suppress ice and throw off water, and stabilize braking, comprising a brake disc (1), a microscopic groove structure (2), a microscopic pit structure (3), and a microscopic groove slope structure (4), characterized in that: The surface of the brake disc (1) is provided with a mesoscopic groove structure (2), the inner side of the mesoscopic groove structure (2) is provided with a microscopic pit structure (3), the outer side of the brake disc (1) is provided with a mesoscopic groove slope structure (4), the mesoscopic groove structure (2) is distributed on the surface of the brake disc (1) in a streamline form, the mesoscopic groove structure (2) is symmetrically distributed, the microscopic pit structure (3) is arranged on the inner wall of the mesoscopic groove structure (2), the mesoscopic groove slope structure (4) is arranged inside the mesoscopic groove structure (2), and the mesoscopic groove slope structure (4) is arranged at the bottom end of the mesoscopic groove structure (2).

2. The brake disc with a hydrophobic, ice-suppressing, water-repelling and stable braking surface microstructure according to claim 1, characterized in that: One side of the mesoscopic groove structure (2) is provided with a fracture (5), there are multiple groups of the fractures (5) and the number is not less than two groups, and the specification sizes of each group of the fractures (5) are the same.

3. The brake disc with a hydrophobic, ice-suppressing, water-repelling and stable braking surface microstructure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface of the mesoscopic groove structure (2) is coated with a hydrophobic coating (6), the hydrophobic coating (6) is combined with the micro-mesoscopic structure, and the material of the hydrophobic coating (6) is polytetrafluoroethylene.

4. The brake disc with a hydrophobic, ice-suppressing, water-repelling and stable braking surface microstructure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner side of the mesoscopic groove structure (2) is provided with drainage channels (7), there are multiple groups of the drainage channels (7), and the length specifications of each group of the drainage channels (7) are the same.

5. The brake disc with a hydrophobic, ice-suppressing, water-repelling and stable braking surface microstructure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface of the brake disc (1) is provided with a wear-resistant coating (8), and the material of the wear-resistant coating (8) is a silicon carbide composite material.

6. The brake disc with a hydrophobic, ice-suppressing, water-repelling and stable braking surface microstructure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A connection structure (9) is provided at the central position of the brake disc (1), and multiple groups of friction grooves (10) are provided inside the connection structure (9).

7. The brake disc with a hydrophobic, ice-suppressing, water-repelling and stable braking surface microstructure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The microscopic pit structure (3) is arranged inside the mesoscopic groove slope structure (4) and is installed on the inner wall of the mesoscopic groove structure (2).

8. A surface micro-morphology brake disc with hydrophobic ice suppression, water throwing and stable braking according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mesoscopic groove slope structure (4) is arranged in the surface mesoscopic groove structure (2), and the ramp gradually decreases from high to low from the inner radius to the outer radius of the brake disc (1).

9. The brake disc with a hydrophobic, ice-suppressing, water-repelling and stable braking surface microstructure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mesoscopic groove structure (2) on the surface of the brake disc (1) is symmetrically designed.

10. The brake disc with a hydrophobic, ice-suppressing, water-repelling and stable braking surface microstructure according to claim 1, characterized in that: Multiple groups of pores (11) are provided inside the microscopic pit structure (3).

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