Industrial solid waste dehydration device

Abstract

The invention relates to an industrial solid waste dewatering device which comprises an annular screen, a scraping end nested in the screen, an annular anti-abrasion groove and a machine shell, the scraping end is fixedly connected with a rotating shaft, the screen is arranged above the annular anti-abrasion groove and is adjacent to the annular anti-abrasion groove, a groove opening of the annular anti-abrasion groove faces the rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is fixedly connected with the scraping end. The diameter of the lower edge of the screen is matched with the inner diameter of the upper edge of the annular anti-abrasion groove, the annular anti-abrasion groove is fixed to the machine shell, and the rotating shaft is connected with a driving mechanism. The device has the advantages that water and fine materials in waste can be screened and separated, and abrasion of equipment caused by coarse materials can be greatly reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of dehydration equipment, and in particular to an industrial solid waste dehydration device. Background Art

[0002] During the garbage classification process, in order to screen out metal waste from the garbage, the garbage is often soaked in water first. Through the different buoyancies of substances with different densities, the garbage is stratified. The floating plastics, cotton wools, etc. on the surface are fished out, and then the sand, metal waste, etc. that sink to the bottom are dehydrated, and then the next step of separation and recovery is carried out. Since most dehydration devices utilize the centrifugal dehydration principle, therefore, the centrifugal force not only throws out the water, but also the solid substances in the waste are thrown to the inner walls of containers such as the screen and the housing under the action of centrifugation, causing serious wear of the equipment components. It is necessary to frequently stop the machine to replace the components, which not only increases the equipment maintenance cost sharply, but also affects the normal dehydration operation process. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to solve the above problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an industrial solid waste dehydration device, which can not only screen and separate the water and fine materials in the waste, but also greatly reduce the wear of the equipment caused by the coarse materials.

[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] An industrial solid waste dehydration device includes an annular screen, a scraping end nested in the screen, an annular anti-wear groove, and a housing. The scraping end is fixedly connected to a rotating shaft. The screen is arranged above and adjacent to the annular anti-wear groove. The notch of the annular anti-wear groove faces the rotating shaft. The diameter of the lower edge of the screen matches the inner diameter of the upper edge of the annular anti-wear groove. The annular anti-wear groove is fixed on the housing, and the rotating shaft is connected to a driving mechanism.

[0006] More preferably, the outer diameter of the annular anti-wear groove is smaller than the inner diameter of the housing.

[0007] More preferably, the lower edge of the screen is fixedly connected to a differential connection member. The differential connection member is also sleeved on the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft. The driving device drives the rotating shaft and the differential connection member to rotate at different speeds.

[0008] More preferably, the differential connection member includes an outer ring, a plurality of connecting rods, an inner ring, and a sleeve. The lower edge of the screen is fixedly connected to the outer ring. The outer ring and the inner ring are connected by the connecting rods and the plurality of connecting rods are arranged at intervals. The sleeve is fixed below the inner ring. The rotating shaft passes through the sleeve. The upper end of the rotating shaft fixes the scraping end. The lower end of the rotating shaft is connected to the driving mechanism. The lower end of the sleeve is connected to the driving mechanism.

[0009] Preferably, the driving mechanism includes a driving shaft, a second driving gear and a first driving gear which are sleeved and fixed on the driving shaft from top to bottom, a first differential gear sleeved and fixed on the rotating shaft, and a second differential gear sleeved and fixed on the differential connecting piece; the first differential gear meshes with the first driving gear, and the second differential gear meshes with the second driving gear; the driving shaft is connected to the motor through a belt.

[0010] Preferably, an installation base is arranged inside the casing, the installation base is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the casing, and the driving mechanism, the rotating shaft and the sleeves of the differential connecting pieces are all installed on the installation base.

[0011] Preferably, a water receiving groove is arranged between the outer peripheral wall of the annular anti-wear groove and the inner wall of the casing, and a plurality of water outlet holes are arranged on the casing, and the water outlet holes are communicated with the water receiving groove.

[0012] Preferably, a shell cover is arranged above the casing, a feeding port is arranged at the top of the shell cover, and the feeding port is coaxially arranged with the scraping end; a discharging port is arranged at the bottom of the casing.

[0013] Preferably, the screen is a frustum-shaped screen with openings at the top and bottom, and the shape of the scraping end matches that of the screen.

[0014] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] 1. An industrial solid waste dehydration device of the present invention can separate water and fine materials to obtain dehydrated coarse materials containing metal waste. At the same time, by arranging an annular anti-wear groove on the casing and setting the annular anti-wear groove adjacent to the lower part of the scraping end or below the screen, the coarse materials with larger centrifugal force are thrown into the anti-wear groove. The anti-wear groove can gather the coarse materials to form a sand and stone layer, so that the subsequent coarse materials thrown into the anti-wear groove only impact the sand and stone layer in the anti-wear groove, and use "sand hitting sand" to protect the casing from being worn by the coarse materials.

[0016] 2. An industrial solid waste dehydration device of the present invention can effectively prevent the screen holes from being blocked and the screen from being worn by making the scraping end and the screen rotate at different speeds through the driving mechanism. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 is an exploded view of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the differential connecting piece of the present invention.

[0021] Description of the reference numerals in the drawings:

[0022] 1. Screen; 2. Scraping end; 3. Annular anti-wear groove; 4. Housing; 41. Water outlet hole; 42. Water receiving tank; 43. Discharge port; 5. Rotating shaft; 6. Differential connector; 61. Outer ring; 62. Connecting rod; 63. Inner ring; 64. Sleeve; 7. Driving mechanism; 71. Driving shaft; 72. Second driving gear; 73. First driving gear; 74. First differential gear; 75. Second differential gear; 8. Motor; 9. Mounting base; 10. Housing cover; 101. Feed inlet. Detailed implementation manners

[0023] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments:

[0024] See Figure 1, An industrial solid waste dehydration device, comprising an annular screen 1, a scraping end 2 nested inside the screen 1, an annular anti-wear groove 3, and a casing 4. Exemplarily, the screen 1 is a frustum-shaped screen with upper and lower openings, and the shape of the scraping end 2 matches that of the screen 1. The scraping end 2 is fixedly connected to a rotating shaft 5. The screen 1 is disposed above and adjacent to the annular anti-wear groove 3, and the diameter of the lower edge of the screen 1 matches the inner diameter of the upper edge of the annular anti-wear groove 3. The notch of the annular anti-wear groove 3 faces the rotating shaft 5, the annular anti-wear groove 3 is fixed on the inner wall of the casing 4, and the rotating shaft 5 is connected to a driving mechanism 7. The waste to be dehydrated is poured into the screen 1 from the upper opening of the screen 1. The scraping end 2 in the screen 1 rotates rapidly under the action of the driving mechanism 7. At the same time, the scraping end 2 drives the waste to rotate rapidly. The waste is thrown towards the screen 1 under the action of centrifugal force. The water and fine materials in the waste, such as fine sand, small stones and other fine materials, are thrown out from the screen holes of the screen 1 to complete the dehydration of the waste. At the same time, the coarse materials such as metal waste and large stones are thrown out from the lower opening of the screen 1. At this time, most of the coarse materials have just separated from the scraping end 2, and the coarse materials themselves still have a large centrifugal force. Therefore, when the coarse materials just leave the screen 1, they are thrown out quickly, and the coarse materials will be thrown onto the inner wall of the casing 4. In the prior art, the inner wall of the casing 4 near the bottom of the screen 1 is often severely worn, and replacing the entire casing 4 is costly. In the present invention, an annular anti-wear groove 3 is provided on the inner wall of the casing 4 below the screen 1. The height of the annular anti-wear groove 3 can be set and adjusted according to experience or the height of the actual wear layer of the casing 4. The function of the annular anti-wear groove 3 is to gather the coarse materials such as sand and stones thrown onto the inner wall of the casing 4. After the coarse materials thrown into the annular anti-wear groove 3 are gathered into a thin layer, in the subsequent dehydration process, the coarse materials thrown into the annular anti-wear groove 3 will not directly impact the casing 4. In the dehydration process, the annular anti-wear groove 3 continuously accumulates coarse materials to form a sand-on-sand effect, and a wear-resistant layer is formed by the accumulation of sand and stones in the annular anti-wear groove 3 to protect the casing 4. This design makes full use of the internal space of the casing 4, has a simple structure and a clever design, can eliminate the wear of the casing 4, and reduce the equipment maintenance cost.

[0025] Please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 , Preferably, the outer diameter of the annular anti-wear groove 3 is smaller than the inner diameter of the casing 4, so as to shield a certain height below the annular anti-wear groove 3 and further protect the casing 4 below the annular anti-wear groove 3. Since the centrifugal force of the coarse materials thrown out from the screen 1 will gradually weaken during the falling process of the coarse materials, when the falling height of the coarse materials exceeds the height of the annular anti-wear groove 3 and the height of the casing 4 that can be shielded by the annular anti-wear groove 3, the centrifugal force of the coarse materials is not sufficient to cause the coarse materials to impact the inner wall of the casing 4. Therefore, the design of the annular anti-wear groove 3 of the present invention can almost completely eliminate the wear of the inner wall of the casing 4, and the anti-wear effect is remarkable.

[0026] After solving the problem of wear on the inner wall of the casing 4, the present invention further improves the screen 1 by rotating the screen 1 coaxially at a speed lower than that of the scraping end 2, which can not only prevent waste from clogging but also reduce the wear of the screen 1. The specific implementation process is as follows:

[0027] The lower edge of the screen 1 is fixedly connected to a differential connector 6, and the differential connector 6 is also sleeved on the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft 5. The driving device drives the rotating shaft 5 and the differential connector 6 to rotate at different speeds. Please refer to Figure 4, the differential connection member 6 includes an outer ring 61, a plurality of connecting rods 62, an inner ring 63 and a sleeve 64. The lower edge of the screen 1 is fixedly connected to the outer ring 61. The outer ring 61 and the inner ring 63 are connected by the connecting rods 62 and the plurality of connecting rods 62 are arranged at intervals. The sleeve 64 is fixed below the inner ring 63. The rotating shaft 5 passes through the sleeve 64. The upper end of the rotating shaft 5 fixes the scraping end 2. The lower end of the rotating shaft 5 is connected to the driving mechanism 7. The lower end of the sleeve 64 is connected to the driving mechanism 7. The driving mechanism 7 includes a driving shaft 71, a second driving gear 72 and a first driving gear 73 sleeved and fixed on the driving shaft 71 from top to bottom, a first differential gear 74 sleeved and fixed on the rotating shaft 5, and a second differential gear 75 sleeved and fixed on the differential connection member 6. The first differential gear 74 meshes with the first driving gear 73, and the second differential gear 75 meshes with the second driving gear 72. The driving shaft 71 is connected to the motor 8 through a belt. According to the basic principle of gear transmission, in a pair of meshing gears, the transmission ratio is equal to the ratio of the number of teeth of the driving gear to the number of teeth of the driven gear, that is, i = Z1 / Z2, where i is the transmission ratio, Z1 is the number of teeth of the driving gear, and Z2 is the number of teeth of the driven gear. The transmission ratio reflects the change relationship of the angular velocity. The larger the transmission ratio, the smaller the angular velocity of the driven gear relative to the driving gear. Therefore, for two concentric driven first differential gears 74 and second differential gears 75, as long as their own number of teeth is different, at the same input speed of the driving shaft 71, they will have different angular velocities, so that the screen 1 can rotate at a speed lower than that of the scraping end 2. The rotation of the screen 1 can drive the coarse materials that impact on the screen 1 but fail to pass through the screen holes to rotate together, so that the coarse materials are separated from the screen 1 under the action of the centrifugal force of the screen 1, avoiding the blockage of the screen holes by the coarse materials. At the same time, the differential rotation of the scraping end 2 and the screen 1 causes a relative frictional force between the coarse materials attached to these two components. After being acted on by the frictional force, the coarse materials will also be separated from the components, playing a certain cleaning role and avoiding the blockage of the screen holes. When the coarse materials are thrown to the inner wall of the screen 1 under the action of the centrifugal force, due to the certain rotation speed of the screen 1, the moving speed of the coarse materials only decelerates to the speed of the screen 1, rather than the speed drops to 0. According to the law of conservation of energy, the greater the differential, the greater the acting force. Therefore, by the rotating screen 1, the differential when the coarse materials are thrown to the screen 1 can also be reduced, reducing the impact force on the screen 1, thereby greatly reducing the wear of the screen 1.

[0028] In this embodiment, an installation base 9 is provided inside the machine housing 4, and the installation base 9 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the machine housing 4. The driving mechanism 7, the rotating shaft 5 and the sleeve 64 of the differential connection member 6 are all installed on the installation base 9, and the positions of the driving mechanism 7, the rotating shaft 5 and the sleeve 64 of the differential connection member 6 are fixed through the installation base 9.

[0029] In this embodiment, the water and fine materials thrown out from the sieve 1 are collected by the water receiving tank 42 and then discharged through the water outlet holes 41. Specifically, a water receiving tank 42 is arranged between the outer peripheral wall of the annular anti-wear groove 3 and the inner wall of the casing 4, and a plurality of water outlet holes 41 are provided on the casing 4. The water outlet holes 41 are communicated with the water receiving tank 42. A casing cover 10 is arranged above the casing 4, and a feeding port 101 is arranged at the top of the casing cover 10. The feeding port 101 is coaxially arranged with the scraping end 2. The casing cover 10 can also converge water and fine materials and make them fall into the water receiving tank 42. A discharge port 43 is arranged at the bottom of the casing 4, and the dried coarse materials containing metal waste are discharged through the discharge port 43.

[0030] The working principle of this device is as follows:

[0031] First step: Start the motor 8, transmit the power output by the motor 8 to the drive shaft 71 through the belt, drive the first drive gear 73 and the second drive gear 72 to rotate by the drive shaft 71, drive the rotating shaft 5 to rotate by the first differential gear 74, drive the differential connecting piece 6 to rotate by the second differential gear 75, and the scraping end 2 and the sieve 1 rotate at different speeds and the rotation speed of the scraping end 2 is greater than that of the sieve 1.

[0032] Second step: Pour the waste materials to be dehydrated into the sieve 1 from the feeding port 101, so that the waste materials rotate under the rotating thrust of the scraping end 2. Under the action of centrifugal force, the waste materials are thrown towards the wall of the sieve 1, and the water and fine materials in the waste materials can be thrown out from the sieve holes, while the coarse materials in the waste materials gradually fall.

[0033] Third step: When the coarse materials are just thrown off from the sieve 1, the centrifugal force is large and they move towards the inner wall of the casing 4. A part of the coarse materials impacts the annular anti-wear groove 3, and its movement direction is as shown by the arrow A in Figure 3 . Under the protection of the sand layer in the annular anti-wear groove 3, the coarse materials fall after impacting the sand layer. For the other part of the sand and stones that do not impact the annular anti-wear groove 3, its movement direction is as shown by the arrow B in Figure 3 . Since the movement direction when it is thrown out has a large angle with the horizontal direction (that is, a smaller angle with the axis), therefore, as the centrifugal force gradually disappears during the downward movement process, it is very difficult for this coarse material to impact the inner wall of the casing 4, thus eliminating the problem of inner wall wear caused by the friction between the coarse materials and the casing 4.

[0034] Fourth step: The water and fine materials thrown out from the sieve 1 are thrown onto the inner wall of the casing cover 10 and slide down into the water receiving tank 42 under the action of their own gravity, and are centrally discharged through the water outlet holes 41, and the coarse materials containing metal are discharged from the discharge port of the sieve 1.

[0035] An industrial solid waste dewatering device of the present invention is provided with an annular anti-wear groove on the casing, and the annular anti-wear groove is arranged adjacent to the lower part of the scraping end or below the screen, so that the coarse materials with greater centrifugal force are thrown into the anti-wear groove. The anti-wear groove can accumulate the coarse materials to form a sand and stone layer, so that the subsequent coarse materials thrown into the anti-wear groove only impact the sand and stone layer in the anti-wear groove, and the "sand hitting sand" method is used to protect the casing and prevent the casing from being worn by the coarse materials. At the same time, the present invention also uses scraping ends and screens with different rotation speeds to prevent screen holes from being blocked and the screen from being worn.

[0036] The above are only specific embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the patent scope of the present invention accordingly. Any equivalent structural transformation made by using the content of the specification and drawings of the present invention, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, shall be similarly included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An industrial solid waste dewatering device, characterized in that: It includes an annular screen, a scraping end nested inside the screen, an annular anti-wear groove, and a casing. The scraping end is fixedly connected to a rotating shaft. The screen is arranged above and adjacent to the annular anti-wear groove. The notch of the annular anti-wear groove faces the rotating shaft. The diameter of the lower edge of the screen matches the inner diameter of the upper edge of the annular anti-wear groove. The annular anti-wear groove is fixed on the casing, and the rotating shaft is connected to a driving mechanism.

2. An industrial solid waste dehydration device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer diameter of the annular anti-wear groove is smaller than the inner diameter of the casing.

3. An industrial solid waste dehydration device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower edge of the screen is fixedly connected to a differential connector, and the differential connector sleeve is also sleeved on the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft. The driving device drives the rotating shaft and the differential connector to rotate at different speeds.

4. An industrial solid waste dehydration device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The differential connector includes an outer ring, several connecting rods, an inner ring, and a sleeve. The lower edge of the screen is fixedly connected to the outer ring. The outer ring and the inner ring are connected by the connecting rods, and several connecting rods are arranged at intervals. The sleeve is fixed below the inner ring. The rotating shaft passes through the sleeve. The scraping end is fixed at the upper end of the rotating shaft, the lower end of the rotating shaft is connected to the driving mechanism, and the lower end of the sleeve is connected to the driving mechanism.

5. An industrial solid waste dehydration device according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: The driving mechanism includes a driving shaft, a second driving gear and a first driving gear sleeved and fixed on the driving shaft from top to bottom, a first differential gear sleeved and fixed on the rotating shaft, and a second differential gear sleeved and fixed on the differential connector. The first differential gear meshes with the first driving gear, and the second differential gear meshes with the second driving gear. The driving shaft is connected to the motor through a belt.

6. An industrial solid waste dehydration device according to claim 4, characterized in that: An installation base is provided inside the casing. The installation base is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the casing. The driving mechanism, the rotating shaft, and the sleeve of the differential connector are all installed on the installation base.

7. An industrial solid waste dewatering device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A water receiving tank is arranged between the outer peripheral wall of the annular anti-wear groove and the inner wall of the casing. The casing is provided with several water outlet holes, and the water outlet holes are communicated with the water receiving tank.

8. An industrial solid waste dewatering device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A shell cover is provided above the casing. The top of the shell cover is provided with a feed inlet, and the feed inlet is coaxially arranged with the scraping end. The bottom of the casing is provided with a discharge outlet.

9. An industrial solid waste dewatering device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The screen is a frustum-shaped screen with upper and lower openings, and the shape of the scraping end matches that of the screen.

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