Self-powered intelligent rockfall protection device based on inerter type X-shaped energy harvesting structure

Abstract

The invention discloses a self-powered intelligent rockfall protection device based on an inerter type X-shaped energy harvesting structure, which comprises a rockfall protection net made of supporting anchors, the supporting anchors are installed and inserted into a mountain, and the rockfall protection net is fixed on the mountain through traction of a plurality of traction steel wire ropes. X-shaped energy harvesting structures are arranged between the multiple steel wire ropes and the rockfall protection net. The device can intercept mountain falling rocks and efficiently collect energy generated when the falling rocks impact the protective net; in addition, the collected energy can be used for supplying power to a sensor and a signal transmitter of a protection system, and self-power supply of the whole intelligent system is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of energy harvesting for rockfall protection nets, and in particular to a self-powered intelligent rockfall protection device based on an inertial capacitive X-shaped energy harvesting structure. Background Art

[0002] China is a mountainous country with a vast mountainous area and complex geological conditions. Especially in the mountainous areas of the west and southeast, slope surface geological disasters such as rockfalls, debris flows, landslides, slides, collapses, and weathering spalling often occur. Especially along linear projects such as railways and highways, the occurrence of these disasters is characterized by a large number of points, a wide area, and a long line, posing a serious threat to transportation safety and the lives of the people.

[0003] Rockfall, as a form of shallow surface damage of slopes, especially high-steep slopes, is one of the serious geological disasters. It is characterized by strong suddenness, large randomness, high speed, and violent occurrence, and has always been the focus in slope engineering surveys. Since the dangerous rock masses that form rockfall disasters are mostly distributed on high-steep slopes with dangerous terrain and complex geological structures, completely controlling them from the source will consume huge amounts of manpower and material resources. Therefore, at present, more rockfall protection measures are taken before the disaster occurs. In the construction of mountain railways and highways, in order to avoid the threat of geological disasters to traffic lines and driving safety, rockfall protection net protection measures are often adopted. However, traditional protection systems, such as masonry with mortar and shotcrete slope protection, although they can prevent slope erosion and collapse to a certain extent, will cause damage to slope vegetation and, over time, will separate from the slope surface, resulting in structural life problems such as local collapse and spalling. In addition, these traditional technical measures are mainly rigid structures, and their protection effects on geological disasters such as rockfalls and debris flows with dynamic high-speed impacts as the main forms are limited, and it is not convenient to repair and replace the protection net in a timely manner after it is damaged.

[0004] Therefore, designing an intelligent rockfall protection device to achieve effective protection, monitoring, and early warning of rockfalls has become an urgent problem to be solved in the current field of slope disaster protection. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To solve the problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a self-powered intelligent rockfall protection device based on an inertial capacitive X-shaped energy harvesting structure. The present invention can intercept mountain rockfalls and efficiently collect the energy generated when the rockfalls impact the protection net; in addition, the device can use the collected energy to supply power to the sensors and signal transmitters of the protection system, realizing the self-power supply of the entire intelligent system.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a self-powered intelligent rockfall protection device based on an inertial X-type energy harvesting structure, including a rockfall protection net made of support anchors, the support anchors are installed and inserted into the mountain body, and the implementation protection net is fixed on the mountain body by multiple pulling steel wires, and an X-type energy harvesting structure is provided between each of the multiple steel wires and the rockfall protection net.

[0007] As a further improvement of the present invention, the X-type energy harvesting structure includes a square support frame, the support rods on the four sides of the support frame are movably connected, a support spring is arranged in the support frame along the force direction of the pulling steel wire, and a non-linear inertial container perpendicular to the support spring is also arranged in the support frame.

[0008] As a further improvement of the present invention, an energy harvesting circuit, a sensor and a signal transmitter are also arranged in the X-type energy harvesting structure.

[0009] As a further improvement of the present invention, the non-linear inertial container includes a housing, a set of ball screw and guide rail module, two jaw couplings, a gear box, an inertial flywheel and a DC generator; wherein, when the support spring is stretched, the non-linear inertial container is compressed, the ball nut moves along the linear direction of the screw on the screw, thereby driving the screw to rotate, the coupling transmits the motion and torque into the gear box for speed increase, and then the motion is further amplified by the inertial flywheel, and finally electric energy is output through the DC motor and the energy harvesting circuit.

[0010] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0011] The present invention adopts an X-type structural design, which while ensuring the structural stability, allows the rockfall protection net to produce acceptable deformation when impacted by a rockfall, and at the same time collects the energy of the structural vibration for powering the sensors and signal transmitters of the intelligent rockfall protection system. In addition, due to the present invention patent adopting the characteristics of non-linear inertia, an extremely high system equivalent mass can be achieved by adding a very small mass to the system, and even the energy generated by a relatively small rockfall can be collected and utilized, improving the energy harvesting efficiency of the device. Moreover, the X-type structure is compact, and each component is easy to disassemble and assemble, facilitating replacement and maintenance, and springs and non-linear inertial containers with different stiffness coefficients can be selected according to the conditions of different regions. Description of the Drawings

[0012] Figure 1 is a diagram of the entire self-powered intelligent rockfall protection device based on the inertial X-type energy harvesting structure in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0013] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the installation position of the X-type energy harvesting structure in the entire device in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0014] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of a single X-shaped energy harvesting structure in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of a non-linear inertial energy converter in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of a single support frame of the X-shaped energy harvesting structure in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 6 It is an assembly drawing of the ball screw and slider guide rail of the non-linear inertial energy converter in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 7 It is a schematic structural diagram of coupling 1 in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 8 It is a schematic structural diagram of the gearbox in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 9 It is a schematic structural diagram of the inertial flywheel in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 10 It is a schematic structural diagram of coupling 2 in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 11 It is a schematic structural diagram of the DC generator in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Reference numerals:

[0024] 1. Support anchor, 2. Rockfall protection net, 3. Pulling steel wire rope, 4. X-shaped energy harvesting structure, 5. Support frame, 6. Support spring, 7. Non-linear inertial energy converter, 8. Fixed frame of non-linear inertial energy converter, 9. Ball screw and guide rail module, 10. First plum coupling, 11. Gearbox, 12. Inertial flywheel, 13. Second plum coupling, 14. DC generator. Detailed implementation manners

[0025] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0026] Embodiment

[0027] As Figure 1 shown, a self-powered intelligent rockfall protection device based on an inertial X-shaped energy harvesting structure includes: 1. Support anchor; 2. Rockfall protection net; 3. Pulling steel wire rope; 4. X-shaped energy harvesting structure, etc. Among them, the support anchor is installed and inserted into the mountain body, the rockfall protection net is supported by the support anchor, and is fixed on the mountain body by the pulling steel wire rope, and the X-shaped energy harvesting structure is installed between the steel wire rope and the rockfall protection net.

[0028] When a falling rock hits the protection net, it impacts the protection net, pulling the steel wire rope tight. The X-shaped energy harvesting structure is compressed, and the nonlinear inertial container 7 is simultaneously compressed while the support spring 6 is stretched. When the nonlinear inertial container 7 is compressed to its limit, the impact ends, and the spring returns to its original length, driving the nonlinear inertial container 7 to reset.

[0029] As Figure 2 shown, the X-shaped energy harvesting structure is installed between the falling rock protection net and the steel wire rope. On the one hand, it serves to connect the two. On the other hand, the X-shaped structure is installed close to the protection net, enabling it to quickly respond to and cope with the impact of falling rocks, and efficiently complete the work of shock absorption and energy harvesting.

[0030] As Figure 3 、 4 shown, each X-shaped energy harvesting structure includes a fixed frame 8 for the nonlinear inertial container, which is equipped with two springs and a nonlinear inertial container 7. When a falling rock impacts the protection net, the protection net deforms, and the nodes connected to the steel wire rope generate tensile forces, causing the X-structure to be compressed and the support spring 6 to be stretched. The nonlinear inertial container 7 installed on the X-structure is also compressed, causing the internal nut to move linearly along the axial direction of the screw rod, thereby driving the screw rod to rotate. The motion is transmitted to the gearbox through the transmission shaft and coupling. Since the gearbox has a speed-increasing function, it can increase the rotational speed of the output shaft and reduce the transmitted torque. The rotational motion is further increased through the inertial flywheel and finally transmitted to the DC motor. The coil of the DC motor cuts the magnetic induction lines in the magnetic field, thereby generating an induced current. This induced current is then converted into electrical energy through the energy harvesting circuit to power the sensor and signal transmitter.

[0031] The ball screw and guide rail module 9 includes a ball nut, a screw rod, a nut sleeve, two linear guide rails, two sliders and a connecting piece. The nut sleeve is installed on the ball nut, and the ball nut is installed on the screw rod and can move linearly to drive the screw rod to rotate. Since the rolling friction resistance of the ball screw structure is much smaller than the sliding friction resistance of the trapezoidal screw rod and the transmission accuracy is higher, the energy harvesting efficiency of the entire structure can be improved. The two linear guide rails are respectively installed in parallel on both sides of the screw rod, and a slider is installed on each of them. The two sliders are connected to the nut sleeve through the connecting piece to achieve the effect of synchronous movement. The above-mentioned ball screw and slider guide rail module is installed on the fixed frame inside the housing. One end of the screw rod is connected to the gearbox through the first flexible coupling 10. The rotational movement of the screw rod is increased through the gearbox. The flywheel is installed on the output shaft of the gearbox to further amplify the rotational movement. Finally, the gearbox and the motor are connected through the second flexible coupling 13, and the movement is transmitted to the motor, and electric energy is output through the energy harvesting circuit. The gearbox, the flywheel and the motor are all fixed on the internal frame. Among them, when the support spring 6 is stretched, the nonlinear inerter 7 is compressed, and the ball nut moves linearly along the screw rod direction on the screw rod, thereby driving the screw rod to rotate. The coupling transmits the movement and torque into the gearbox for speed increase, and then the movement is further amplified through the inertial flywheel 12. Finally, electric energy is output through the DC generator 14 and the energy harvesting circuit. Figures 5 - 11 They are respectively schematic diagrams of the components of the single X-type energy harvesting structure support frame 5 and the nonlinear inerter 7.

[0032] The self-powered intelligent rockfall protection device based on the inerter-based X-type energy harvesting structure provided in this embodiment, its assembly steps include:

[0033] S1: Select springs and nonlinear inerters 7 with appropriate stiffness coefficients according to the actual application scenario;

[0034] S2: Assemble the four X-type energy harvesting structure support frame components;

[0035] S3: Assemble the X-type energy harvesting structure support frame and the rockfall protection net together;

[0036] S4: Install the support spring 6 and the nonlinear inerter 7 at the corresponding positions of the X-type energy harvesting structure;

[0037] S5: Connect one end of the pulling steel wire rope to the X-type energy harvesting structure;

[0038] S6: Install the other 15 X-type energy harvesting structures in sequence;

[0039] S7: Install the support anchor at the corresponding position of the rockfall protection net;

[0040] As described above, the self-powered intelligent rockfall protection device based on the inerter-based X-shaped energy harvesting structure in the embodiment of the present invention can flexibly install different springs and non-linear inerters 7 according to the actual mountain rockfall situation to achieve efficient energy harvesting. The X-shaped energy harvesting structure design makes the overall structure simple and compact, facilitating installation and later maintenance and replacement. In addition, the device utilizes the characteristics of the non-linear inerter, and an extremely small mass can be added to the system to achieve an ultra-high system equivalent mass, so that the energy generated by even a small rockfall can be collected and utilized, further improving the energy collection efficiency of the device. Compared with traditional protection devices, this device not only has a safe and reliable rockfall interception ability, but also is equipped with sensors and signal transmitters, can monitor rockfalls in real time, and does not require external power supply, having an energy-saving characteristic.

[0041] The above-described embodiments only represent specific implementation manners of the present invention, and the description thereof is relatively specific and detailed, but should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of the invention patent of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present invention, several modifications and improvements can still be made, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A self-powered intelligent rockfall protection device based on an inertial capacitive X-type energy harvesting structure, characterized in that, It includes a rockfall protection net made of support anchors, the support anchors are installed and inserted into the mountain body, and the rockfall protection net is fixed on the mountain body by being pulled by multiple pulling steel wires, and an X-shaped energy harvesting structure is provided between each of the multiple steel wires and the rockfall protection net.

2. The self-powered intelligent rockfall protection device based on the inerter-based X-shaped energy harvesting structure according to claim 1, characterized in that The X-shaped energy harvesting structure includes a square support frame, the support rods on the four sides of the support frame are movably connected to each other, a support spring is arranged in the support frame along the force direction of the pulling steel wire, and a non-linear inertial energy harvester perpendicular to the support spring is also arranged in the support frame.

3. The self-powered intelligent rockfall protection device based on the inerter-based X-shaped energy harvesting structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, An energy harvesting circuit, a sensor and a signal transmitter are also arranged in the X-shaped energy harvesting structure.

4. The self-powered intelligent rockfall protection device based on the inerter-based X-shaped energy harvesting structure according to claim 2, wherein, The non-linear inertial energy harvester includes a housing, a set of ball screw and guide rail module, two jaw couplings, a gear box, an inertial flywheel and a DC motor; wherein, when the support spring is stretched, the non-linear inertial energy harvester is compressed, and the ball nut moves along the linear direction of the screw on the screw, thereby causing the screw to rotate. The coupling transmits the motion and torque into the gear box for speed increase, and then the motion is further amplified by the inertial flywheel, and finally electricity is generated by the DC motor.

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