Simulation test bench device for mixed combustion of household garbage gasified fuel gas coupled with pulverized coal

Abstract

The invention provides a household garbage gasification fuel gas coupling pulverized coal mixed combustion simulation test bench device. The device comprises a coupling combustion unit, a household garbage gasification unit, a pulverized coal supply unit and a flue gas emission unit. The coupling combustion unit is used for coupling mixed combustion of combustible gas and pulverized coal; the household garbage gasification unit is used for gasifying household garbage into combustible gas and supplying the purified combustible gas to the coupling combustion unit; the pulverized coal supply unit is used for supplying pulverized coal to the coupling combustion unit; and the flue gas discharge unit is used for discharging tail gas generated by combustion of the coupling combustion unit. The test bench device can simulate a household garbage gasification process and a household garbage gasification fuel gas coupling coal powder co-combustion process, and helps to reveal combustion stability, pollutant generation characteristics, heat efficiency optimization and other problems in the co-combustion process. And a theoretical support and an engineering verification platform are provided for flexible peak regulation transformation of the household garbage gasification coupling coal-fired unit boiler.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the fields of domestic waste treatment technology and low-load stable combustion of coal-fired units. Specifically, it relates to a simulation test bench device for the co-combustion of domestic waste gasified gas and pulverized coal. Background Technique

[0002] With the acceleration of the urbanization process, the generation of domestic waste continues to rise. Traditional treatment methods (such as landfilling and incineration) face bottlenecks such as secondary pollution and low energy utilization efficiency.

[0003] The thermochemical gasification technology of domestic waste can convert organic components into combustible gas with a lower calorific value of about 4MJ / m 3 and introduce it into a coal-fired boiler for co-combustion with pulverized coal. This can not only reduce the consumption of fossil fuels and realize the resource utilization of waste, but also achieve the low-load stable combustion of pulverized coal boilers, which is an important technical direction under the "dual carbon" goal.

[0004] However, the co-combustion process of domestic waste gasified gas and pulverized coal involves complex multiphase reaction mechanisms. Problems such as combustion stability, pollutant generation characteristics, and thermal efficiency optimization in the combustion process have not been fully revealed. There is an urgent need to develop a special simulation test bench device to support subsequent technology research and development and engineering verification. Summary of the Invention

[0005] At least one embodiment of this application provides a simulation test bench device for the co-combustion of domestic waste gasified gas and pulverized coal. This test bench device can simulate the co-combustion process of domestic waste gasified gas and pulverized coal, reveal problems such as combustion stability, pollutant generation characteristics, and thermal efficiency optimization in the co-combustion process, and provide a theoretical support and engineering verification platform for the flexible peak shaving transformation of domestic waste gasification coupled coal-fired unit boilers.

[0006] An embodiment of this application provides a simulation test bench device for the co-combustion of domestic waste gasified gas and pulverized coal, including: a co-combustion unit, a domestic waste gasification unit, a pulverized coal supply unit, and a flue gas emission unit;

[0007] The co-combustion unit is used for the co-combustion of combustible gas and pulverized coal;

[0008] The domestic waste gasification unit is used for gasifying domestic waste into combustible gas and supplying the purified combustible gas to the co-combustion unit;

[0009] The pulverized coal supply unit is used for supplying pulverized coal to the co-combustion unit;

[0010] The flue gas emission unit is used for discharging the tail gas generated by the combustion of the co-combustion unit.

[0011] In an optional embodiment, the co-combustion unit includes a combustion furnace;

[0012] The combustion furnace has a first combustion chamber and a second combustion chamber. The first combustion chamber and the second combustion chamber are connected and communicate with each other. The first combustion chamber is used for the coupled combustion of combustible gas and pulverized coal, and the second combustion chamber is used for the combustion of combustible gas.

[0013] In an alternative embodiment, the coupled combustion unit further includes an air supplement machine;

[0014] The air supplement machine is connected to the first combustion chamber and is used to supplement air to the first combustion chamber.

[0015] In an alternative embodiment, the coupled combustion unit further includes a heat exchanger;

[0016] The heat exchanger is connected to the first combustion chamber and is used to preheat the primary air and the secondary air with the flue gas in the combustion furnace.

[0017] In an alternative embodiment, the coupled combustion unit further includes a temperature regulating valve;

[0018] The temperature regulating valve is arranged in the outlet flue of the combustion furnace, and the temperature regulating valve adjusts the temperature of the tail flue gas of the combustion furnace by regulating the flow rate of the cold air sucked into the flue.

[0019] In an alternative embodiment, the domestic waste gasification unit includes a waste conveyor, a gasifying agent conveyor, a waste gasification furnace, a first gas path and a second gas path;

[0020] The waste conveyor is used to send domestic waste into the waste gasification furnace;

[0021] The gasifying agent conveyor is used to send the gasifying agent into the waste gasification furnace;

[0022] The waste gasification furnace is used to gasify domestic waste into combustible gas;

[0023] The first gas path is used to transport part of the combustible gas to the first combustion chamber;

[0024] The second gas path is used to transport the remaining combustible gas to the second combustion chamber.

[0025] In an alternative embodiment, the waste gasification furnace includes a drying zone, a pyrolysis zone, an oxidation zone and a reduction zone. The domestic waste in the waste gasification furnace undergoes drying, pyrolysis, oxidation and reduction in sequence to produce combustible gas.

[0026] In an alternative embodiment, the domestic waste gasification unit further includes a dechlorination tower;

[0027] The dechlorination tower is arranged in the first gas path, and the dechlorination tower is used for dechlorinating the combustible gas passing through the first gas path.

[0028] In an optional embodiment, the pulverized coal supply unit includes a pulverized coal bin and a pulverized coal feeder;

[0029] The pulverized coal bin is used for storing pulverized coal;

[0030] The pulverized coal feeder is used for conveying the pulverized coal to the coupled combustion system.

[0031] In an optional embodiment, the flue gas emission unit includes a dust removal device, an induced draft fan and a chimney;

[0032] The dust removal device is connected to the coupled combustion system, and the dust removal device is used for removing dust from the tail flue gas of the coupled combustion system;

[0033] The induced draft fan is connected to the dust removal device, and the induced draft fan is used for discharging the dust-removed tail flue gas into the chimney;

[0034] The chimney is connected to the induced draft fan, and the chimney is used for discharging the dust-removed tail flue gas into the atmosphere.

[0035] The above technical solution of the present application has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0036] The domestic waste gasification gas coupled pulverized coal co-combustion simulation test bench device of the embodiment of the present application can simulate the domestic waste gasification process and the domestic waste gasification gas coupled pulverized coal co-combustion process. By monitoring the domestic waste gasification process and the domestic waste gasification gas coupled pulverized coal co-combustion process, problems such as combustion stability, pollutant generation characteristics and thermal efficiency optimization in the co-combustion process can be revealed, providing a theoretical support and an engineering verification platform for the flexible peak shaving transformation of the domestic waste gasification coupled coal-fired unit boiler.

[0037] In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and understandable, the following specific embodiments are given, and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the detailed description is as follows. Description of the Drawings

[0038] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. The drawings here are incorporated into the specification and constitute a part of this specification. These drawings show the embodiments that conform to the present application and are used together with the specification to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present application, and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0039] Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of a simulation test bench device for coupling the gasification of domestic waste and the co - combustion of pulverized coal provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0040] In the figure:

[0041] 1. Combustion furnace; 2. Air - supplementing machine; 3. Heat exchanger; 4. Garbage conveyor; 5. Gasifying agent conveyor; 6. Garbage gasification furnace; 7. First fan; 8. Second fan; 9. Dechlorination tower; 10. Third fan; 11. Pulverized coal feeder; 12. Dust removal device; 13. Induced draft fan; 14. Chimney. Detailed implementation manners

[0042] Now, various exemplary embodiments of the present application will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that: unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangements of components and steps, numerical expressions, and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present application.

[0043] The embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, where the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary only for explaining the present application and should not be construed as limiting the present application. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present application without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0044] The terms "first" and "second" in the description and claims of the present application may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present application, unless otherwise specified, "a plurality of" means two or more. In addition, "and / or" in the description and claims means at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates an "or" relationship between the associated objects before and after.

[0045] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present application.

[0046] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "installation", "connection", and "coupling" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to specific situations.

[0047] Reference Figure 1 , an embodiment of the present application provides a simulation test bench device for the coupling of domestic waste gasification gas and pulverized coal co - combustion, including: a coupling combustion unit, a domestic waste gasification unit, a pulverized coal supply unit, and a flue gas emission unit. The coupling combustion unit is used for the coupling co - combustion of combustible gas and pulverized coal. The domestic waste gasification unit is used for gasifying domestic waste into combustible gas and supplying the purified combustible gas to the coupling combustion unit. The pulverized coal supply unit is used for supplying pulverized coal to the coupling combustion unit. The flue gas emission unit is used for discharging the tail gas generated by the combustion of the coupling combustion unit.

[0048] During the use process, the test bench device can simulate the domestic waste gasification process and the coupling co - combustion process of domestic waste gasification gas and pulverized coal. By monitoring the domestic waste gasification process and the coupling co - combustion process of domestic waste gasification gas and pulverized coal, problems such as combustion stability, pollutant generation characteristics, and thermal efficiency optimization in the co - combustion process can be revealed, providing a theoretical support and an engineering verification platform for the flexible peak - shaving transformation of the domestic waste gasification - coupled coal - fired unit boiler.

[0049] Optionally, in this embodiment, the coupled combustion unit includes a combustion furnace 1. The combustion furnace 1 has a first combustion chamber and a second combustion chamber, which are connected and communicate with each other. The first combustion chamber is used for the coupled co-combustion of combustible gas and pulverized coal, and the second combustion chamber is used for the combustion of combustible gas. Specifically, the combustion furnace 1 is composed of an upper vertical furnace and a lower horizontal furnace, in an L shape. The first combustion chamber is arranged in the upper vertical furnace, and the second combustion chamber is arranged in the lower horizontal furnace. Water-cooled pipes are laid in the combustion furnace 1, and a corresponding cooling system is provided, and precise adjustment and control are realized to simulate the normal operation of the boiler. In addition, the combustion furnace 1 can also be equipped with systems such as temperature, pressure, differential pressure measurement, and sampling. In specific use, the first combustion chamber is used for the coupled co-combustion of combustible gas and pulverized coal with the required flow rate. In this way, the high volatility and flammability of the combustible gas can be used to promote the ignition and stable combustion of the pulverized coal. At the same time, the combustion conditions can also be improved, making it easier for the pulverized coal to reach a complete combustion state, thereby improving the overall combustion efficiency and reducing incomplete combustion products. The second combustion chamber is used for the complete combustion treatment of the unutilized remaining combustible gas to ensure that no unburned gas is directly discharged into the atmosphere, which helps to reduce the emission of harmful gases. The flue gas in the first and second combustion chambers finally converges and can be discharged through the flue gas discharge unit.

[0050] Optionally, in this embodiment, the coupled combustion unit further includes an air replenisher 2. The air replenisher 2 is connected to the first combustion chamber and is used to supply air to the first combustion chamber. In specific use, by supplying air to the first combustion chamber, the combustible gas and pulverized coal can be fully combusted.

[0051] Optionally, in this embodiment, the coupled combustion unit further includes a heat exchanger 3. The heat exchanger 3 is connected to the first combustion chamber and is used to preheat the primary air and secondary air with the flue gas in the combustion furnace 1. Specifically, the heat exchanger 3 is used to release heat from the flue gas to obtain hot air, and the hot air is mixed with the pulverized coal and combustible gas to obtain primary air (powder) and secondary air. For example, the first combustion chamber is provided with a four-channel swirl burner, which respectively introduces central air, primary air (powder), inner secondary air, and outer secondary air. Among them, the primary air (powder) is a mixture of pulverized coal and hot air, the central air and outer secondary air are mixed gases of combustible gas and hot air, which are used to assist the combustion of pulverized coal, and the inner secondary air is hot air.

[0052] Optionally, in this embodiment, the coupled combustion unit further includes a temperature regulating valve. The temperature regulating valve is arranged in the outlet flue of the combustion furnace 1, and the temperature regulating valve adjusts the temperature of the tail flue gas of the combustion furnace 1 by regulating the flow rate of cold air inhaled into the flue. In specific use, the temperature regulating valve can reduce the flue gas temperature to the set temperature (150 °C) to avoid causing thermal stress damage to subsequent processing equipment (such as dust collectors, desulfurization devices, induced draft fans, etc.) and shortening the service life of these devices.

[0053] Optionally, in this embodiment, the domestic waste gasification unit includes a waste conveyor 4, a gasifying agent conveyor 5, a waste gasifier 6, a first gas path and a second gas path. The waste conveyor 4 is used to convey domestic waste into the waste gasifier 6. The gasifying agent conveyor 5 is used to convey the gasifying agent into the waste gasifier 6. The waste gasifier 6 is used to gasify domestic waste into combustible gas. The first gas path is provided with a first fan 7 for conveying the required flow of combustible gas to the first combustion chamber. The second gas path is provided with a second fan 8 for conveying the remaining combustible gas to the second combustion chamber. In the specific setting, the waste gasifier 6 is a downdraft gasifier, including a drying zone, a pyrolysis zone, an oxidation zone and a reduction zone, and the drying zone, the pyrolysis zone, the oxidation zone and the reduction zone are divided in sequence from top to bottom. In specific use, the waste gasifier 6 is used for domestic waste to undergo drying, pyrolysis, oxidation and reduction in sequence to produce combustible gas. Specifically, the domestic garbage first enters the drying zone (100-200°C) at the top of the garbage gasification furnace 6, and is removed from the water by contact with the high-temperature gas to form a dry material. As the material moves downward to the pyrolysis zone (300-600°C), in an oxygen-deficient environment, the organic matter undergoes pyrolysis and cracking, and the long-chain molecules decompose into volatile gases (such as CO2, CH4, CO, H2), liquid tar and solid coke. The mixed product after drying and pyrolysis continues to move downward to the high-temperature oxidation zone (700-1200°C), and the gasifying agent (such as air) is delivered into the furnace body by the gasifying agent conveyor 5. The coke and oxygen undergo a violent exothermic reaction (C+O2→CO2). The released heat maintains the high temperature of the system, and at the same time, part of the tar is oxidized and decomposed. In the subsequent reduction zone (600-1000℃), the hot coke undergoes an endothermic reduction reaction with CO2 and H2O (C+CO2→2CO, C+H2O→CO+H2) to generate combustible synthesis gas rich in CO and H2, and the residual tar is further cracked into small molecular gases. Finally, the synthesis gas is discharged from the bottom, and the ash is removed by the slag discharge system. The entire process achieves efficient conversion of domestic waste into combustible gas (4-6MJ / Nm 3 ).

[0054] Optionally, in this embodiment, the domestic waste gasification unit also includes a dechlorination tower 9. The dechlorination tower 9 is arranged in the first gas path, and the dechlorination tower 9 is used to dechlorinate the combustible gas passing through the first gas path. In the specific setting, the dechlorination tower 9 is located at the air outlet end of the first fan 7, and the air outlet end of the dechlorination tower 9 is also provided with a third fan 10, and the third fan 10 is used to draw the dechlorinated combustible gas into the first combustion chamber. In specific use, by removing chlorine from the fuel gas, it can not only protect the equipment from corrosion damage and extend its service life, but also significantly reduce the emission of harmful substances, which is conducive to environmental protection and improves the overall energy utilization efficiency.

[0055] Optionally, in this embodiment, the pulverized coal supply unit includes a pulverized coal silo and a pulverized coal feeder 11. The pulverized coal silo is used for storing pulverized coal. The pulverized coal feeder 11 is used for transporting the pulverized coal to the coupled combustion system. When specifically arranged, the pulverized coal feeder 11 and the silo are arranged in a matching manner to achieve frequency conversion control. The pulverized coal feeding amount can be adjusted in the range of 0 - 100 kg / h, and the feeding error is less than 1%.

[0056] Optionally, in this embodiment, the flue gas emission unit includes a dust removal device 12, an induced draft fan 13, and a chimney 14. The dust removal device 12 is connected to the coupled combustion system, and the dust removal device 12 is used for removing dust from the tail flue gas of the coupled combustion system. The chimney 14 is connected to the dust removal device 12, and the chimney 14 is used for discharging the dust-removed tail flue gas into the atmosphere. The induced draft fan 13 is located between the dust removal device 12 and the chimney 14, and the induced draft fan 13 is used for drawing the tail flue gas into the dust removal device 12 and the chimney 14. When specifically arranged, the dust removal device 12 is provided with supporting pipelines, valves, ash collection buckets, air caps, etc. When specifically used, the tail flue gas of the combustion furnace 1 enters the dust removal device 12 for purification under the traction of the induced draft fan 13, and finally is discharged into the atmosphere through the chimney 14. The flue gas treatment capacity is 13000 - 20000 m 3 / h (temperature 200 °C), the dust removal efficiency is > 99%, and the pressure resistance is less than 2000 Pa.

[0057] One or more embodiments of this specification are intended to cover all such substitutions, modifications, and variations that fall within the broad scope of the appended claims. Therefore, any omissions, modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of one or more embodiments of this specification shall be included within the protection scope of this application.

[0058] The above is only the specific implementation manner of this application, but the protection scope of this application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in this application, and all should be covered within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A simulation test bench device for coupling gasification gas of domestic waste and co - firing pulverized coal, characterized in that, Comprising: A coupled combustion unit, a domestic waste gasification unit, a pulverized coal supply unit, and a flue gas emission unit; The coupled combustion unit is used for the coupled co-combustion of combustible gas and pulverized coal; The domestic waste gasification unit is used for gasifying domestic waste into combustible gas and supplying the purified combustible gas to the coupled combustion unit; The pulverized coal supply unit is used for supplying pulverized coal to the coupled combustion unit; The flue gas emission unit is used for discharging the tail gas generated by the combustion of the coupled combustion unit.

2. The simulated test bench device for the coupled combustion of domestic waste gasification gas and pulverized coal according to claim 1, characterized in that, The coupled combustion unit includes a combustion furnace; The combustion furnace has a first combustion chamber and a second combustion chamber. The first combustion chamber and the second combustion chamber are connected and communicate with each other. The first combustion chamber is used for the coupled co-combustion of combustible gas and pulverized coal, and the second combustion chamber is used for the combustion of combustible gas.

3. The simulated test bench device for coupling gasification of domestic waste and co-combustion of pulverized coal according to claim 2, characterized in that, The coupled combustion unit further includes an air supplement machine; The air supplement machine is connected to the first combustion chamber and is used for supplementing air to the first combustion chamber.

4. The simulated test bench device for coupling the gasification of domestic waste and the co-combustion of pulverized coal according to claim 2, characterized in that, The coupled combustion unit further includes a heat exchanger; The heat exchanger is connected to the first combustion chamber and is used for preheating the primary air and secondary air with the flue gas in the combustion furnace.

5. The simulated test bench device for coupling the gasification of domestic waste and the co-combustion of pulverized coal according to claim 2, wherein, The coupled combustion unit further includes a temperature regulating valve; The temperature regulating valve is arranged in the outlet flue of the combustion furnace, and the temperature regulating valve adjusts the temperature of the tail flue gas of the combustion furnace by regulating the flow rate of the cold air inhaled into the flue.

6. The simulated test bench device for coupling gasification of domestic waste and co-combustion of pulverized coal according to claim 2, characterized in that, The domestic waste gasification unit includes a waste conveyor, a gasifying agent conveyor, a waste gasification furnace, a first gas path, and a second gas path; The waste conveyor is used for feeding domestic waste into the waste gasification furnace; The gasifying agent conveyor is used for feeding the gasifying agent into the waste gasification furnace; The waste gasification furnace is used for gasifying domestic waste into combustible gas; The first gas path is used for transporting part of the combustible gas to the first combustion chamber; The second gas path is used for transporting the remaining combustible gas to the second combustion chamber.

7. The simulated test bench device for coupling gasification of domestic waste and co - combustion of pulverized coal according to claim 6, characterized in that, The waste gasification furnace includes a drying zone, a pyrolysis zone, an oxidation zone, and a reduction zone. The domestic waste in the waste gasification furnace undergoes drying, pyrolysis, oxidation, and reduction in sequence to generate combustible gas.

8. The simulated test bench device for coupling the gasification of domestic waste gas and the co-combustion of pulverized coal according to claim 6, characterized in that, The domestic waste gasification unit further includes a dechlorination tower; The dechlorination tower is arranged in the first gas path and is used for dechlorinating the combustible gas passing through the first gas path.

9. The simulated test bench device for coupling gasification of domestic waste and co-combustion of pulverized coal according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pulverized coal supply unit includes a pulverized coal bin and a pulverized coal feeder; The pulverized coal bin is used for storing pulverized coal; The pulverized coal feeder is used for transporting pulverized coal to the coupled combustion system.

10. The simulated test bench device for the co-combustion of domestic waste gasification gas and pulverized coal according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flue gas emission unit includes a dust removal device, an induced draft fan, and a chimney; The dust removal device is connected to the coupled combustion system and is used for removing dust from the tail flue gas of the coupled combustion system; The induced draft fan is connected to the dust removal device and is used for discharging the dust-removed tail flue gas into the chimney; The chimney is connected to the induced draft fan and is used for discharging the dust-removed tail flue gas into the atmosphere.

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