Graphene-containing power cable

Abstract

The invention, which relates to the technical field of the power cable, discloses a graphene-containing power cable comprising a conductor layer, an inner shielding layer, an insulating layer, an outer shielding layer and a sheath layer in sequence from inside to outside. The conductor layer is prepared from the following raw materials: Si, rare earth elements, Mg, Ag, Ti, Ca, Zn, Hf, B, graphene nanosheets, Al and other inevitable impurities; the inner shielding layer and the outer shielding layer are mutually independently prepared from the following raw materials: ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, graphene, carbon nanofiber, nano titanium dioxide, a coupling agent, an antioxidant and a lubricant. The power cable is good in conductivity, sufficient in corrosion resistance, high temperature resistance and weather resistance, good in mechanical property and shielding property, and safe and environment-friendly to use.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of power cables, and particularly to a graphene-containing power cable. Background Art

[0002] In the field of power transmission, power cables are key components for realizing the transmission of electrical energy, and their performance directly affects the stability and transmission efficiency of the power system. With the rapid development of social economy, the demand for electricity is increasing day by day, putting forward higher requirements for the performance of power cables.

[0003] At present, the conductors of mainstream power cables on the market are mostly made of copper or aluminum. Although copper and aluminum have good electrical conductivity, when transmitting electricity at high loads and over long distances, the problem of power loss caused by resistance is prominent, which not only causes waste of energy, but also leads to a sharp increase in the temperature of the conductor, accelerating the aging of the cable insulation layer, and even causing safety accidents such as fires, seriously threatening the safe operation of the power system. It is in this situation that graphene-containing power cables have emerged, and their appearance has attracted wide attention in the industry. However, the existing graphene-containing power cables still have more or less technical defects such as insufficient flexibility and mechanical properties, uneven conductivity and susceptibility to electromagnetic interference, poor insulation performance of cable materials, and still need to be further improved in terms of corrosion resistance, high temperature resistance and weather resistance, and the service life needs to be further extended.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, a Chinese invention patent with the authorization announcement number CN109390072B discloses a graphene cable, which includes a central conductor, a conductor shielding layer, an insulating layer, an insulating shielding layer and an outer sheath layer. The conductor shielding layer, the insulating layer, the insulating shielding layer and the outer sheath layer are sequentially coated on the outside of the central conductor; the central conductor is composed of at least 2 soft copper conductors coated with a graphene silver nanofiber composite film to form a core bundle body. The graphene silver nanofiber composite film includes a first graphene layer and a second graphene layer, and a silver nanofiber layer sandwiched between the first graphene layer and the second graphene layer. The graphene cable of this invention has the characteristics of good softness, waterproofness, anti-rolling, anti-stretching, strong curl resistance and long service life. However, this cable uses a graphene silver nanofiber composite film, making it expensive, and it also has technical defects such as insufficient environmental protection performance, and still needs to be further improved in terms of high temperature resistance and weather resistance.

[0005] It can be seen that developing a graphene-containing power cable with good electrical conductivity, sufficient corrosion resistance, high temperature resistance and weather resistance, good mechanical and shielding properties, and safe and environmentally friendly use meets the market demand, has broad market value and application prospects, and is of great significance for promoting the development of the power cable field. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The object of the present invention is to provide a graphene-containing power cable with excellent electrical conductivity, sufficient corrosion resistance, high temperature resistance and weather resistance, good mechanical and shielding properties, and safe and environmentally friendly use, in order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a graphene-containing power cable, which sequentially includes a conductor layer, an inner shielding layer, an insulating layer, an outer shielding layer and a sheath layer from the inside to the outside; the conductor layer is made of the following raw materials by weight percentage: Si 0.2 - 0.3%, rare earth elements 0.05 - 0.55%, Mg 0.5 - 1%, Ag 0.1 - 0.5%, Ti 0.05 - 0.2%, Ca 0.05 - 0.2%, Zn 0.1 - 0.5%, Hf 0.05 - 0.15%, B 0.001 - 0.04%, graphene nanosheets 0.2 - 0.4%, and the balance is Al and other inevitable impurities; the inner shielding layer and the outer shielding layer are independently made of the following raw materials by weight parts: ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer 80 - 90 parts, graphene 5 - 8 parts, carbon nanofibers 1 - 2 parts, nano titanium dioxide 5 - 10 parts, coupling agent 0.8 - 1.2 parts, antioxidant 0.8 - 1.2 parts, lubricant 0.5 - 0.8 parts.

[0008] Preferably, the rare earth elements are a mixture of Y, Ce, and Er in a mass ratio of 1:(1 - 3):(0.2 - 0.4).

[0009] Preferably, the graphene nanosheets have a sheet diameter of 5 - 10 μm, a thickness of 3 - 10 nm, the number is XF021, the CAS number is 7440 - 44 - 0, and they are provided by Jiangsu Xianfeng Nano Materials Technology Co., Ltd.

[0010] Preferably, the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer is EVA1828 produced by Hanwha Chemical.

[0011] Preferably, the graphene is single-layer graphene, with a sheet diameter of 0.5 - 5 μm, a thickness of 0.8 nm, the number is XF001W, the CAS number is 1034343 - 98 - 0, and it is provided by Jiangsu Xianfeng Nano Materials Technology Co., Ltd.

[0012] Preferably, the average diameter of the carbon nanofibers is 80 - 100 nm, and the length is 20 - 200 μm.

[0013] Preferably, the particle size of the nano titanium dioxide is 10 - 80 nm.

[0014] Preferably, the coupling agent is at least one of silane coupling agent KH550, silane coupling agent KH560, and silane coupling agent KH570.

[0015] Preferably, the antioxidant is at least one of antioxidant 168, antioxidant 1010, and antioxidant 1076; the lubricant is at least one of ethylene bisstearamide and butyl stearate.

[0016] Preferably, the insulating layer is made of the following raw materials by weight: 100 parts of cross-linked polyethylene, 3 - 5 parts of graphene oxide, and 3 - 5 parts of cellulose nanocrystals.

[0017] Preferably, the cross-linked polyethylene is cross-linked polyethylene YJ-100C produced by Sinopec.

[0018] Preferably, the graphene oxide is monolayer graphene oxide with a sheet diameter of 0.5 - 5 μm, a thickness of 0.8 - 1.2 nm, numbered XF002-2, and a CAS number of 7440-44-0, provided by Jiangsu Xianfeng Nano Materials Technology Co., Ltd.

[0019] Preferably, the cellulose nanocrystals have a length of 100 - 500 nm and a diameter of 20 - 100 nm, provided by Beijing Naxun Technology Co., Ltd.

[0020] Preferably, the sheath layer is made of the following raw materials by weight: 100 parts of thermoplastic phosphosilicon polyurethane elastomer, 3 - 5 parts of graphene, 4 - 6 parts of calcium carbonate, 0.6 - 1 part of silane coupling agent KH570, 0.5 - 0.8 part of antioxidant 1010, and 0.3 - 0.5 part of calcium stearate; the graphene is monolayer graphene with a sheet diameter of 0.5 - 5 μm, a thickness of 0.8 nm, numbered XF001W, and a CAS number of 1034343-98-0, provided by Jiangsu Xianfeng Nano Materials Technology Co., Ltd.

[0021] Preferably, there is no special requirement for the source of the thermoplastic phosphosilicon polyurethane elastomer. In one embodiment of the present invention, the thermoplastic phosphosilicon polyurethane elastomer is prepared by the method of Example 1 of the Chinese invention patent with the authorization announcement number CN114634623B.

[0022] Preferably, the particle size of the calcium carbonate is 1000 - 1500 mesh.

[0023] Due to the application of the above technical solutions, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] (1) The graphene-containing power cable disclosed in the present invention includes a conductor layer, an inner shielding layer, an insulating layer, an outer shielding layer, and a sheath layer in sequence from the inside out; through such a structural design and the reasonable selection of materials for each layer, the structural stability of the power cable can be effectively improved, thereby extending its service life.

[0025] (2) The graphene-containing power cable disclosed by the present invention, wherein the conductor layer is made of raw materials in the following weight percentages: Si 0.2-0.3%, rare earth elements 0.05-0.55%, Mg 0.5-1%, Ag 0.1-0.5%, Ti 0.05-0.2%, Ca 0.05-0.2%, Zn 0.1-0.5%, Hf 0.05-0.15%, B 0.001-0.04%, graphene nanosheets 0.2-0.4%, and the balance is Al and other inevitable impurities; the inner shielding layer and the outer shielding layer are independently made of the following raw materials in parts by weight: ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer 80-90 parts, graphene 5-8 parts, carbon nanofibers 1-2 parts, nano-titanium dioxide 5-10 parts, coupling agent 0.8-1.2 parts, antioxidant 0.8-1.2 parts, lubricant 0.5-0.8 parts. Through the mutual cooperation and joint action of each raw material, the prepared graphene-containing power cable has good electrical conductivity, sufficient corrosion resistance, high temperature resistance and weather resistance, good mechanical and shielding properties, and is safe and environmentally friendly to use. The rare earth elements are a mixture of Y, Ce, and Er in a mass ratio of 1:(1-3):(0.2-0.4); by adding the rare earth elements with the above specific composition, it can play a role in purifying impurities and refining grains in the aluminum alloy. At the same time, the rare earth elements of this composition can also reduce the content of impurities in the aluminum alloy, reduce the hindrance to electron conduction, and thus improve the electrical conductivity of the aluminum alloy; the rare earth elements can form compounds with other elements in the aluminum alloy, and these compounds can be dispersed in the aluminum alloy matrix to play a strengthening role. At the same time, the refined grains also improve the mechanical properties of the aluminum alloy. Adding an appropriate amount of magnesium to the aluminum alloy has little effect on the electrical conductivity, and at the same time can improve the corrosion resistance of the aluminum alloy to a certain extent, indirectly protecting the electrical conductivity of the aluminum alloy from corrosion. Magnesium is one of the commonly used strengthening elements in aluminum alloys. It can dissolve into the aluminum matrix to produce a solid solution strengthening effect, improving the strength and hardness of the aluminum alloy. At the same time, magnesium can also improve the processing performance and welding performance of the aluminum alloy. Adding a small amount of calcium to the aluminum alloy helps to remove gases and impurities in the aluminum alloy, improve the purity of the alloy, and then reduce electron scattering, which has a certain improvement effect on the electrical conductivity. At the same time, calcium can also refine the grains, make the structure more uniform, and is also beneficial to improving the electrical conductivity. Hf can play a role in refining grains in the aluminum alloy. It dissolves into the lattice of aluminum to form a solid solution, which can improve the strength and hardness of the aluminum alloy, and has a relatively small impact on the electrical conductivity; the addition of Hf can also improve the thermal stability and corrosion resistance of the aluminum alloy. By adding graphene nanosheets to the conductor layer, the conductor resistance is reduced and the power loss is reduced. Through the reasonable selection of the conductor layer composition formula, the mutual cooperation and joint action of each raw material component make the prepared conductor layer have excellent electrical conductivity, durability and mechanical properties.

[0026] (3) The graphene-containing power cable disclosed by the present invention introduces graphene into the power cable by doping, reducing its usage amount and significantly lowering the preparation cost. The shielding layer is arranged with an inner shielding layer and an outer shielding layer, which can effectively improve the shielding effect. Graphene and carbon nanofibers are added simultaneously in the shielding layer, and their combined action can effectively uniform the electric field distribution, block external electromagnetic interference, and reduce its own electromagnetic radiation at the same time. Graphene quantum dots and carbon nanofibers overlap with each other to form a conductive network, and nano-titanium dioxide is uniformly dispersed in the network gaps. This structure can not only effectively uniform the electric field distribution, but also has excellent weather resistance and anti-electrical tree growth ability.

[0027] (4) The graphene-containing power cable disclosed by the present invention, the insulating layer is made of the following raw materials by weight: 100 parts of cross-linked polyethylene, 3 - 5 parts of graphene oxide, and 3 - 5 parts of cellulose nanocrystals. The graphene oxide-cellulose nanocrystal composite modifier added in the insulating layer improves the insulation resistance and breakdown voltage of the insulating layer, enhances the insulation performance of the cable, and prolongs the service life of the cable. At the same time, it can also improve the mechanical properties through the dispersion strengthening mechanism.

[0028] (5) The graphene-containing power cable disclosed by the present invention, the sheath layer is made of the following raw materials by weight: 100 parts of thermoplastic phosphosilicon polyurethane elastomer, 3 - 5 parts of graphene, 4 - 6 parts of calcium carbonate, 0.6 - 1 part of silane coupling agent KH570, 0.5 - 0.8 part of antioxidant 1010, and 0.3 - 0.5 part of calcium stearate; through the mutual cooperation and joint action of the raw materials, the prepared power cable has sufficient corrosion resistance, high temperature resistance and weather resistance, and excellent mechanical properties. Detailed implementation manners

[0029] The following description is used to disclose the present invention so that those skilled in the art can implement the present invention. The preferred embodiments in the following description are only examples, and those skilled in the art can think of other obvious variations.

[0030] Example 1

[0031] A graphene-containing power cable, which sequentially includes a conductor layer, an inner shielding layer, an insulating layer, an outer shielding layer, and a sheath layer from inside to outside; the conductor layer is made of raw materials in the following weight percentages: Si 0.2%, rare earth elements 0.05%, Mg 0.5%, Ag 0.1%, Ti 0.05%, Ca 0.05%, Zn 0.1%, Hf 0.05%, B 0.001%, graphene nanosheets 0.2%, and the balance is Al and other inevitable impurities; the inner shielding layer and the outer shielding layer are independently made of raw materials in the following weight parts: ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer 80 parts, graphene 5 parts, carbon nanofibers 1 part, nano-titanium dioxide 5 parts, coupling agent 0.8 part, antioxidant 0.8 part, lubricant 0.5 part.

[0032] The rare earth elements are a mixture of Y, Ce, and Er in a mass ratio of 1:1:0.2; the graphene nanosheets have a sheet diameter of 5-10 μm, a thickness of 3-10 nm, the number is XF021, and the CAS number is 7440-44-0, provided by Jiangsu Xianfeng Nano Materials Technology Co., Ltd.; the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer is EVA1828 produced by Hanwha Chemical; the graphene is monolayer graphene, with a sheet diameter of 0.5-5 μm and a thickness of 0.8 nm, the number is XF001W, and the CAS number is 1034343-98-0, provided by Jiangsu Xianfeng Nano Materials Technology Co., Ltd.; the average diameter of the carbon nanofibers is 80 nm and the length is 20 μm; the particle size of the nano-titanium dioxide is 10 nm; the coupling agent is silane coupling agent KH550; the antioxidant is antioxidant 168; the lubricant is ethylene bis-stearamide.

[0033] The insulating layer is made of raw materials in the following weight parts: cross-linked polyethylene 100 parts, graphene oxide 3 parts, cellulose nanocrystals 3 parts; the cross-linked polyethylene is cross-linked polyethylene YJ-100C produced by Sinopec; the graphene oxide is monolayer graphene oxide, with a sheet diameter of 0.5-5 μm and a thickness of 0.8-1.2 nm, the number is XF002-2, and the CAS number is 7440-44-0, provided by Jiangsu Xianfeng Nano Materials Technology Co., Ltd.; the length of the cellulose nanocrystals is 100-500 nm and the diameter is 20-100 nm, provided by Beijing Naxun Technology Co., Ltd.

[0034] The sheath layer is made of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of thermoplastic phosphosilicon polyurethane elastomer, 3 parts of graphene, 4 parts of calcium carbonate, 0.6 parts of silane coupling agent KH570, 0.5 parts of antioxidant 1010, and 0.3 parts of calcium stearate; the graphene is a single-layer graphene with a sheet diameter of 0.5-5 μm and a thickness of 0.8 nm, numbered XF001W, CAS number 1034343-98-0, and provided by Jiangsu Xianfeng Nanomaterial Technology Co., Ltd.; the thermoplastic phosphosilicon polyurethane elastomer is made according to the method of Example 1 of the Chinese invention patent with authorization announcement number CN114634623B; the particle size of the calcium carbonate is 1000 mesh.

[0035] Example 2

[0036] A graphene-containing power cable comprises, from the inside to the outside, a conductor layer, an inner shielding layer, an insulating layer, an outer shielding layer and a sheath layer; the conductor layer is made of the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 0.23% Si, 0.2% rare earth elements, 0.6% Mg, 0.2% Ag, 0.09% Ti, 0.1% Ca, 0.2% Zn, 0.08% Hf, 0.01% B, 0.25% graphene nanosheets, and the balance is Al and other inevitable impurities; the inner shielding layer and the outer shielding layer are independently made of the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 83 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 6 parts of graphene, 1.2 parts of carbon nanofibers, 7 parts of nano titanium dioxide, 0.9 parts of coupling agent, 0.9 parts of antioxidant, and 0.6 parts of lubricant.

[0037] The rare earth elements are Y, Ce and Er mixed in a mass ratio of 1:1.5:0.25; the graphene nanosheets have a sheet diameter of 5-10 μm and a thickness of 3-10 nm, are numbered XF021, and have a CAS number of 7440-44-0, and are provided by Jiangsu Xianfeng Nanomaterial Technology Co., Ltd.; the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer is EVA1828 produced by Hanwha Chemical; the graphene is a single-layer graphene with a sheet diameter of 0.5-5 μm and a thickness of 0.8 nm, is numbered XF001W, has a CAS number of 1034343-98-0, and is provided by Jiangsu Xianfeng Nanomaterial Technology Co., Ltd.; the carbon nanofibers have an average diameter of 85 nm and a length of 80 μm; the particle size of the nano titanium dioxide is 30 nm; the coupling agent is silane coupling agent KH560; the antioxidant is antioxidant 1010; and the lubricant is butyl stearate.

[0038] The insulating layer is made of the following raw materials by weight: 100 parts of cross-linked polyethylene, 3.5 parts of graphene oxide, and 3.5 parts of cellulose nanocrystals; the cross-linked polyethylene is cross-linked polyethylene YJ-100C produced by Sinopec; the graphene oxide is monolayer graphene oxide with a sheet diameter of 0.5 - 5 μm, a thickness of 0.8 - 1.2 nm, numbered XF002-2, and a CAS number of 7440-44-0, provided by Jiangsu Xianfeng Nano Materials Technology Co., Ltd.; the cellulose nanocrystals have a length of 100 - 500 nm and a diameter of 20 - 100 nm, provided by Beijing Naxun Technology Co., Ltd.

[0039] The sheath layer is made of the following raw materials by weight: 100 parts of thermoplastic phosphosilicon polyurethane elastomer, 3.5 parts of graphene, 4.5 parts of calcium carbonate, 0.7 part of silane coupling agent KH570, 0.6 part of antioxidant 1010, and 0.35 part of calcium stearate; the graphene is monolayer graphene with a sheet diameter of 0.5 - 5 μm and a thickness of 0.8 nm, numbered XF001W, and a CAS number of 1034343-98-0, provided by Jiangsu Xianfeng Nano Materials Technology Co., Ltd.; the thermoplastic phosphosilicon polyurethane elastomer is prepared by the method of Example 1 of the Chinese invention patent with the authorized announcement number CN114634623B; the calcium carbonate has a particle size of 1100 mesh.

[0040] Example 3

[0041] A graphene-containing power cable includes a conductor layer, an inner shielding layer, an insulating layer, an outer shielding layer, and a sheath layer from the inside out; the conductor layer is made of the following raw materials by weight percentage: 0.25% of Si, 0.35% of rare earth elements, 0.75% of Mg, 0.3% of Ag, 0.12% of Ti, 0.12% of Ca, 0.3% of Zn, 0.1% of Hf, 0.025% of B, and 0.3% of graphene nanosheets, and the balance is Al and other inevitable impurities; the inner shielding layer and the outer shielding layer are independently made of the following raw materials by weight: 85 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 6.5 parts of graphene, 1.5 parts of carbon nanofibers, 8 parts of nano-titanium dioxide, 1 part of coupling agent, 1 part of antioxidant, and 0.65 part of lubricant.

[0042] The rare earth elements are a mixture of Y, Ce, and Er in a mass ratio of 1:2:0.3; the graphene nanosheets have a sheet diameter of 5-10 μm, a thickness of 3-10 nm, are numbered XF021, have a CAS number of 7440-44-0, and are provided by Jiangsu Xianfeng Nanoscience & Technology Co., Ltd.; the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer is EVA1828 produced by Hanwha Chemical; the graphene is single-layer graphene, has a sheet diameter of 0.5-5 μm, a thickness of 0.8 nm, is numbered XF001W, has a CAS number of 1034343-98-0, and is provided by Jiangsu Xianfeng Nanoscience & Technology Co., Ltd.; the carbon nanofibers have an average diameter of 90 nm and a length of 130 μm; the nano-titanium dioxide has a particle size of 50 nm; the coupling agent is silane coupling agent KH570; the antioxidant is antioxidant 1076; the lubricant is ethylene bis-stearamide.

[0043] The insulating layer is made from the following raw materials by weight: 100 parts of cross-linked polyethylene, 4 parts of graphene oxide, and 4 parts of cellulose nanocrystals; the cross-linked polyethylene is cross-linked polyethylene YJ-100C produced by Sinopec; the graphene oxide is single-layer graphene oxide, has a sheet diameter of 0.5-5 μm, a thickness of 0.8-1.2 nm, is numbered XF002-2, has a CAS number of 7440-44-0, and is provided by Jiangsu Xianfeng Nanoscience & Technology Co., Ltd.; the cellulose nanocrystals have a length of 100-500 nm and a diameter of 20-100 nm, and are provided by Beijing Naxun Technology Co., Ltd.

[0044] The sheath layer is made from the following raw materials by weight: 100 parts of thermoplastic phosphosilicon polyurethane elastomer, 4 parts of graphene, 5 parts of calcium carbonate, 0.8 part of silane coupling agent KH570, 0.65 part of antioxidant 1010, and 0.4 part of calcium stearate; the graphene is single-layer graphene, has a sheet diameter of 0.5-5 μm, a thickness of 0.8 nm, is numbered XF001W, has a CAS number of 1034343-98-0, and is provided by Jiangsu Xianfeng Nanoscience & Technology Co., Ltd.; the thermoplastic phosphosilicon polyurethane elastomer is made by the method of Example 1 of the Chinese invention patent with the authorized announcement number CN114634623B; the calcium carbonate has a particle size of 1300 mesh.

[0045] Example 4

[0046] A graphene-containing power cable comprises, from inside to outside in sequence, a conductor layer, an inner shielding layer, an insulating layer, an outer shielding layer and a sheath layer; the conductor layer is made of raw materials comprising the following components by weight percentage: 0.28% of Si, 0.5% of rare earth elements, 0.9% of Mg, 0.4% of Ag, 0.18% of Ti, 0.18% of Ca, 0.4% of Zn, 0.13% of Hf, 0.03% of B, 0.35% of graphene nanosheets, and the balance is Al and other inevitable impurities; the inner shielding layer and the outer shielding layer are independently made of raw materials comprising the following components by weight: 88 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 7.5 parts of graphene, 1.8 parts of carbon nanofibers, 9 parts of nano-titanium dioxide, 1.1 parts of coupling agent, 1.1 parts of antioxidant, 0.75 parts of lubricant.

[0047] The rare earth elements are a mixture of Y, Ce and Er in a mass ratio of 1:2.5:0.35; the graphene nanosheets have a sheet diameter of 5-10 μm, a thickness of 3-10 nm, are numbered XF021, have a CAS number of 7440-44-0, and are provided by Jiangsu Xianfeng Nano Materials Technology Co., Ltd.; the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer is EVA1828 produced by Hanwha Chemical; the graphene is single-layer graphene, has a sheet diameter of 0.5-5 μm, a thickness of 0.8 nm, is numbered XF001W, has a CAS number of 1034343-98-0, and is provided by Jiangsu Xianfeng Nano Materials Technology Co., Ltd.; the average diameter of the carbon nanofibers is 95 nm and the length is 180 μm; the particle size of the nano-titanium dioxide is 70 nm; the coupling agent is a mixture of silane coupling agent KH550, silane coupling agent KH560 and silane coupling agent KH570 in a mass ratio of 1:2:3; the antioxidant is a mixture of antioxidant 168, antioxidant 1010 and antioxidant 1076 in a mass ratio of 1:1:1; the lubricant is a mixture of ethylene bis-stearamide and butyl stearate in a mass ratio of 3:5.

[0048] The insulating layer is made of raw materials comprising the following components by weight: 100 parts of cross-linked polyethylene, 4.5 parts of graphene oxide, 4.5 parts of cellulose nanocrystals; the cross-linked polyethylene is cross-linked polyethylene YJ-100C produced by Sinopec; the graphene oxide is single-layer graphene oxide, has a sheet diameter of 0.5-5 μm, a thickness of 0.8-1.2 nm, is numbered XF002-2, has a CAS number of 7440-44-0, and is provided by Jiangsu Xianfeng Nano Materials Technology Co., Ltd.; the length of the cellulose nanocrystals is 100-500 nm and the diameter is 20-100 nm, and is provided by Beijing Naxun Technology Co., Ltd.

[0049] The sheath layer is made of the following raw materials by weight: 100 parts of thermoplastic phosphosilicon polyurethane elastomer, 4.5 parts of graphene, 5.5 parts of calcium carbonate, 0.9 part of silane coupling agent KH570, 0.75 part of antioxidant 1010, and 0.45 part of calcium stearate; the graphene is monolayer graphene with a sheet diameter of 0.5 - 5 μm, a thickness of 0.8 nm, numbered XF001W, and a CAS number of 1034343 - 98 - 0, provided by Jiangsu Xianfeng Nanomaterials Technology Co., Ltd.; the thermoplastic phosphosilicon polyurethane elastomer is made by the method of Example 1 of the Chinese invention patent with the authorized announcement number CN114634623B; the particle size of the calcium carbonate is 1400 mesh.

[0050] Example 5

[0051] A graphene - containing power cable includes, from the inside out, a conductor layer, an inner shield layer, an insulating layer, an outer shield layer, and a sheath layer; the conductor layer is made of the following raw materials by weight percentage: 0.3% Si, 0.55% rare earth element, 1% Mg, 0.5% Ag, 0.2% Ti, 0.2% Ca, 0.5% Zn, 0.15% Hf, 0.04% B, 0.4% graphene nanosheets, and the balance is Al and other inevitable impurities; the inner shield layer and the outer shield layer are independently made of the following raw materials by weight: 90 parts of ethylene - vinyl acetate copolymer, 8 parts of graphene, 2 parts of carbon nanofibers, 10 parts of nano - titanium dioxide, 1.2 parts of coupling agent, 1.2 parts of antioxidant, and 0.8 part of lubricant.

[0052] The rare earth element is a mixture of Y, Ce, and Er in a mass ratio of 1:3:0.4; the graphene nanosheets have a sheet diameter of 5 - 10 μm and a thickness of 3 - 10 nm, numbered XF021, and a CAS number of 7440 - 44 - 0, provided by Jiangsu Xianfeng Nanomaterials Technology Co., Ltd.; the ethylene - vinyl acetate copolymer is EVA1828 produced by Hanwha Chemical; the graphene is monolayer graphene with a sheet diameter of 0.5 - 5 μm, a thickness of 0.8 nm, numbered XF001W, and a CAS number of 1034343 - 98 - 0, provided by Jiangsu Xianfeng Nanomaterials Technology Co., Ltd.; the average diameter of the carbon nanofibers is 100 nm and the length is 200 μm; the particle size of the nano - titanium dioxide is 80 nm; the coupling agent is silane coupling agent KH550; the antioxidant is antioxidant 168; the lubricant is ethylene bisstearamide.

[0053] The insulating layer is made of the following raw materials by weight: 100 parts of cross-linked polyethylene, 5 parts of graphene oxide, and 5 parts of cellulose nanocrystals; the cross-linked polyethylene is cross-linked polyethylene YJ-100C produced by Sinopec; the graphene oxide is monolayer graphene oxide with a sheet diameter of 0.5-5 μm and a thickness of 0.8-1.2 nm, numbered XF002-2, CAS number 7440-44-0, provided by Jiangsu Xianfeng Nanomaterials Technology Co., Ltd.; the length of the cellulose nanocrystals is 100-500 nm and the diameter is 20-100 nm, provided by Beijing Naxun Technology Co., Ltd.

[0054] The sheath layer is made of the following raw materials by weight: 100 parts of thermoplastic phosphosilicon polyurethane elastomer, 5 parts of graphene, 6 parts of calcium carbonate, 1 part of silane coupling agent KH570, 0.8 part of antioxidant 1010, and 0.5 part of calcium stearate; the graphene is monolayer graphene with a sheet diameter of 0.5-5 μm and a thickness of 0.8 nm, numbered XF001W, CAS number 1034343-98-0, provided by Jiangsu Xianfeng Nanomaterials Technology Co., Ltd.; the thermoplastic phosphosilicon polyurethane elastomer is prepared by the method of Example 1 of the Chinese invention patent with the authorized announcement number CN114634623B; the particle size of the calcium carbonate is 1500 mesh.

[0055] Comparative Example 1

[0056] A graphene-containing power cable is basically the same as Example 1, except that Hf and graphene nanosheets are not added.

[0057] Comparative Example 2

[0058] A graphene-containing power cable is basically the same as Example 1, except that the rare earth element is Ce, an equal amount of Elastollan 1100 polyurethane elastomer is used instead of the thermoplastic phosphosilicon polyurethane elastomer, and Ca and Zn are not added.

[0059] To further illustrate the beneficial technical effects of the graphene-containing power cables involved in the embodiments of the present invention, relevant performance tests were carried out on the graphene-containing power cables involved in Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-2. The test results are shown in Table 1, and the test methods are as follows:

[0060] Preparation of the conductor layer: Weigh the corresponding raw materials according to the raw material composition formula of the conductor layer. Put the aluminum ingot into the crucible, heat it up to 740 °C, add the remaining raw materials and continuously stir to form a uniform melt; then carry out refining, continuous casting, toughening treatment, wire drawing, aging treatment, bunch stranding, and double stranding in sequence to obtain the conductor layer;

[0061] Preparation of the inner shielding layer and the outer shielding layer: Ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, graphene, carbon nanofibers, nano-titanium dioxide, coupling agent, antioxidant, and lubricant are mixed evenly and then added to a twin-screw extruder for co-extrusion molding (extrusion temperature: 160 - 180 °C, screw speed: 200 revolutions per minute). After cooling, the inner shielding layer and the outer shielding layer are respectively obtained;

[0062] Preparation of the insulating layer: The raw materials of the insulating layer are mixed evenly by weight, added to a twin-screw extruder, and co-mixed at 160 °C for 20 minutes. Then, it is cross-linked by electron beam irradiation with an irradiation dose of 15 kGy to form the insulating layer;

[0063] Preparation of the sheath layer: The raw materials of the sheath layer are mixed evenly by weight and then extruded through a twin-screw extruder to obtain the sheath layer;

[0064] Cable assembly: The conductor layer, inner shielding layer, insulating layer, outer shielding layer, and sheath layer are sequentially coated, and the co-extrusion process is used to achieve tight bonding between layers, thus obtaining the graphene-containing power cable.

[0065] Conductivity test: Refer to GB / T3048.2 - 2007 "Test Methods for Electrical Properties of Electric Wires and Cables - Part 2: Test for Resistivity of Metallic Materials" to test the conductivity of the conductive layer.

[0066] Tensile strength test: Refer to GB / T 4909.3 - 2009 "Test Methods for Bare Wires - Part 3: Tensile Test" to test the tensile strength.

[0067] Weather resistance test: Refer to GB / T16422.2 - 2014 "Plastics - Methods of Exposure to Laboratory Light Sources - Part 2: Xenon-Arc Lamp" for testing. Place the cable sample in a xenon-arc lamp aging test chamber to simulate the conditions of light, temperature, humidity, etc. in the natural environment. After 1000 h of aging, cool it to room temperature and measure the retention rate of the tensile strength of the sheath layer. The larger the value, the better the weather resistance. The test method for tensile strength refers to ASTM D412.

[0068] High-temperature resistance performance: Place each example of the power cable at 150 °C for 168 h and then cool it to room temperature. Test the conductivity again and calculate the retention rate of the conductivity. The larger the value, the better the high-temperature resistance performance.

[0069] Corrosion resistance test: Immerse the power cable specimen in 20 wt% hydrochloric acid solution, 20 wt% sodium hydroxide solution, 20 wt% sodium chloride solution, and aqueous solution under the same conditions for 168 h, take it out and observe the surface corrosion situation; if there is no corrosion in the hydrochloric acid solution, sodium chloride solution, and aqueous solution, the corrosion resistance passes, otherwise it is unqualified.

[0070] Table 1 Performance test results of graphene-containing power cables

[0071]

[0072] As can be seen from Table 1, the conductor layer of the power cable involving the embodiments of the present invention has better electrical conductivity and tensile properties, and better weather resistance, high temperature resistance and corrosion resistance; the combined use of Hf, graphene nanosheets, Ca, Zn, and thermoplastic phosphosilicon polyurethane elastomer, and the specific composition selection of rare earth elements are beneficial to improving the above-mentioned properties.

[0073] The above embodiments are only to illustrate the technical concept and features of the present invention, and the purpose is to enable those who are familiar with this technology to understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly, and it cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit and essence of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A graphene-containing power cable, characterized in that, It successively includes a conductor layer, an inner shielding layer, an insulating layer, an outer shielding layer and a sheath layer from inside to outside; the conductor layer is made of raw materials in the following weight percentages: Si 0.2 - 0.3%, rare earth elements 0.05 - 0.55%, Mg 0.5 - 1%, Ag 0.1 - 0.5%, Ti 0.05 - 0.2%, Ca 0.05 - 0.2%, Zn 0.1 - 0.5%, Hf 0.05 - 0.15%, B 0.001 - 0.04%, graphene nanosheets 0.2 - 0.4%, and the balance is Al and other inevitable impurities; the inner shielding layer and the outer shielding layer are independently made of raw materials in the following weight parts: ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer 80 - 90 parts, graphene 5 - 8 parts, carbon nanofibers 1 - 2 parts, nano titanium dioxide 5 - 10 parts, coupling agent 0.8 - 1.2 parts, antioxidant 0.8 - 1.2 parts, lubricant 0.5 - 0.8 parts.

2. The graphene-containing power cable according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rare earth elements are a mixture of Y, Ce, and Er in a mass ratio of 1:(1 - 3):(0.2 - 0.4).

3. The graphene-containing power cable according to claim 1, characterized in that, The graphene nanosheets have a sheet diameter of 5 - 10 μm and a thickness of 3 - 10 nm.

4. The graphene-containing power cable according to claim 1, wherein The ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer is EVA1828.

5. The graphene-containing power cable according to claim 1, wherein, The graphene is monolayer graphene with a sheet diameter of 0.5 - 5 μm and a thickness of 0.8 nm; the average diameter of the carbon nanofibers is 80 - 100 nm and the length is 20 - 200 μm; the particle size of the nano titanium dioxide is 10 - 80 nm.

6. The graphene-containing power cable according to claim 1, wherein The coupling agent is at least one of silane coupling agent KH550, silane coupling agent KH560, and silane coupling agent KH570; the antioxidant is at least one of antioxidant 168, antioxidant 1010, and antioxidant 1076; the lubricant is at least one of ethylene bisstearamide and butyl stearate.

7. The graphene-containing power cable according to claim 1, characterized in that, The insulating layer is made of raw materials in the following weight parts: cross-linked polyethylene 100 parts, graphene oxide 3 - 5 parts, cellulose nanocrystals 3 - 5 parts.

8. The graphene-containing power cable according to claim 7, wherein, The cross-linked polyethylene is cross-linked polyethylene YJ-100C; the graphene oxide is monolayer graphene oxide with a sheet diameter of 0.5 - 5 μm and a thickness of 0.8 - 1.2 nm; the length of the cellulose nanocrystals is 100 - 500 nm and the diameter is 20 - 100 nm.

9. The graphene-containing power cable according to claim 1, wherein The sheath layer is made of the following raw materials in weight parts: thermoplastic phosphosilicon polyurethane elastomer 100 parts, graphene 3 - 5 parts, calcium carbonate 4 - 6 parts, silane coupling agent KH570 0.6 - 1 part, antioxidant 1010 0.5 - 0.8 part, calcium stearate 0.3 - 0.5 part.

10. The graphene-containing power cable according to claim 9, wherein, The calcium carbonate has a particle size of 1000 - 1500 mesh.

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