Transformer with explosion-proof protection structure

Abstract

The invention discloses a transformer with an anti-explosion protection structure, the transformer comprises a transformer body and an exhaust pipe with a pressure release valve, the exhaust pipe is arranged on the transformer body, the transformer body is provided with a gas breathing assembly, a cooling covering assembly and an oil liquid breathing assembly, and the invention relates to the technical field of oil-immersed transformers. According to the transformer with the anti-explosion protection structure, through arrangement of the oil liquid breathing assembly, an expansion space is provided for oil liquid, and through cooperation of arrangement of the elastic plugging piece, expansion of the oil liquid under different pressure gradients is achieved, the anti-explosion strength of the transformer body is improved, and through position changes of the U-shaped lap joint frame, the anti-explosion performance of the transformer body is improved. And meanwhile, four trigger switches are arranged, the blowing speed of the cooling fan is controlled when the interior of the transformer body is in different pressure environments, the energy-saving advantage is achieved, the cooling speed of the transformer body is increased, the gas expansion condition is relieved, and the explosion-proof strength is further improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of oil-immersed transformers, and particularly to a transformer with an explosion-proof protection structure. Background Art

[0002] An oil-immersed transformer is a type of transformer that relies on oil as the cooling medium. Inside the oil-immersed transformer, it is divided into an upper gas space and a lower transformer oil space. During operation, the transformer oil expands or contracts with temperature changes. The gas space above the transformer oil is usually filled with inert gases such as nitrogen, which can enhance the insulation performance and prevent arc discharge. The gas space also helps with the circulation and heat dissipation of the oil, improving the cooling efficiency of the transformer. The reserved expansion space can accommodate the volume change of the oil, avoiding excessive pressure. When a fault occurs inside the transformer, such as local overheating or an arc, the oil will decompose to produce gas, and these gases will enter the upper gas space, increasing the internal pressure of the transformer. Along with the increase in temperature, the gas further expands, posing a risk of explosion.

[0003] The explosion-proof measures of conventional oil-immersed transformers often involve installing a pipeline with a pressure relief valve. When the internal pressure of the transformer reaches a certain level, it discharges gas to relieve pressure. However, its pressure relief speed is limited, and there is a risk that the internal pressure of the transformer continues to increase during the pressure relief process of the pressure relief valve. For example, if a continuous internal fault occurs inside the transformer, a simple pressure relief valve is not sufficient to handle the situation of continuous pressure increase, and the change in the internal pressure of the transformer lacks a dynamic display, making it impossible for maintenance personnel to intuitively and effectively judge the current state of the transformer.

[0004] For example, in an oil-immersed transformer with an explosion-proof protection structure described in Patent Application No. 202110643853.7, its explosion-proof strength is improved by attaching a metal mesh inside, and by setting an explosion-proof protection pot with a transparent structure, maintenance personnel can observe the amount of transformer oil inside the explosion-proof protection pot during maintenance and judge whether to maintain the main body of the oil-immersed transformer based on the amount of transformer oil. However, since the amount of transformer oil is generated by multiple accumulations, it is easy to misjudge the need for maintenance of the transformer by maintenance personnel.

[0005] Based on the retrieval of the above information, it can be seen that the existing oil-immersed transformers have the following defects: First, the explosion-proof measures are single, and cannot handle the situation of continuous pressure increase; Second, the internal pressure of the transformer lacks a dynamic and intuitive display, which is not conducive to the accurate judgment of maintenance personnel on whether the transformer needs to be repaired.

[0006] To this end, a transformer with an explosion-proof protection structure is specifically proposed. When the internal pressure of the transformer continues to rise, the storage space of the transformer oil is expanded according to the pressure gradient, and while dynamically and intuitively displaying the internal pressure of the transformer, the internal pressure of the transformer can be reduced. During the expansion process, the air flow velocity around the transformer body is accelerated in a gradient manner to reduce the gas expansion speed inside the transformer body. While having an energy-saving effect, sufficient pressure relief time is provided for the pressure relief valve. Summary of the Invention

[0007] Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a transformer with an explosion-proof protection structure, which solves the problems that the explosion-proof measures of the existing oil-immersed transformers are single and cannot cope with the continuous increase in pressure, and the internal pressure of the transformer lacks dynamic and intuitive display, which is not conducive to the accurate judgment of maintenance personnel on whether the transformer needs to be repaired.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is realized through the following technical solutions: A transformer with an explosion-proof protection structure includes a transformer body and an exhaust pipe with a pressure relief valve arranged on the transformer body. A gas breathing component and a cooling cover component are arranged on the top of the transformer body. The gas breathing component is used to isolate and cool the expanding gas in the transformer body; An oil breathing component is arranged at the bottom of the outer periphery of the transformer body. The oil breathing component is used to provide a gradient expansion space for the transformer oil inside the transformer body.

[0009] To cool the transformer body, the present invention is further arranged as: The cooling cover component includes a bent sunshade plate, and two groups of cooling fans are fixedly installed at the bottom of the bent sunshade plate; The bent sunshade plate is fixedly installed on the top of the transformer body through a mounting rod, and the gas breathing component is arranged below the bent sunshade plate.

[0010] To increase the capacity of the gas space in the transformer body, the present invention is further arranged as: The gas breathing component includes a container cover, a piston cylinder is fixedly installed at the top of the inner cavity of the container cover, a piston is slidably installed inside the piston cylinder, and a first spring is fixedly installed between the top of the piston and the top of the inner cavity of the container cover; Both the container cover and the piston cylinder are fixedly installed on the top of the transformer body. A pressure hole and a plurality of air guide holes are opened on the top of the transformer body, wherein the pressure hole is communicated with the piston cylinder, and a plurality of air guide holes are all communicated with the container cover.

[0011] In order to rapidly cool down a part of the gas in the gas space, the present invention is further configured as follows: a connecting rod is fixedly installed at the bottom of the piston, the bottom of the connecting rod passes through the pressure hole, and a bracket is fixedly installed, and a plurality of plugging cones are fixedly installed at the top of the bracket, and the plugging cones are used in cooperation with the air guide holes; A plurality of through grooves are formed in the outer periphery of the piston cylinder, and the plurality of through grooves are all used in cooperation with the piston.

[0012] In order to further improve the cooling speed of a part of the gas, the present invention is further configured as follows: a plurality of groups of heat conducting rings are fixedly installed on the outer periphery of the container cover from top to bottom in sequence, and a plurality of groups of heat radiating fins are fixedly installed on the outer periphery of the heat conducting rings.

[0013] In order to provide an expansion space for the transformer oil, the present invention is further configured as follows: the oil breathing assembly includes a first expansion tank, a second expansion tank, a third expansion tank and a fourth expansion tank that are sequentially communicated, the first expansion tank, the second expansion tank, the third expansion tank and the fourth expansion tank are respectively fixedly installed on the outer periphery of the transformer body, an oil guiding port is formed on the back of the transformer body, the oil guiding port is communicated with the first expansion tank, and elastic plugging members are arranged in the first expansion tank, the second expansion tank, the third expansion tank and the fourth expansion tank. The four elastic plugging members are used to control the transformer oil in the transformer body to enter the first expansion tank through the oil guiding port, and then enter the second expansion tank, the third expansion tank and the fourth expansion tank in sequence.

[0014] The present invention is further configured as follows: the elastic plugging member includes two guide rods, a plugging slider is fixedly installed at one end of the two guide rods together, a U-shaped lapping frame is fixedly installed at the other end of the two guide rods together, and a second spring is further sleeved on the outer periphery of the guide rods.

[0015] In order to realize the gradient expansion of the storage space of the transformer oil according to the internal pressure of the transformer body, the present invention is further configured as follows: the plugging slider of the elastic plugging member in the first expansion tank is slidably installed inside the first expansion tank, the two guide rods both penetrate through the first expansion tank and extend above the first expansion tank, and both ends of the second spring are fixedly connected to the opposite side of the U-shaped lapping frame and the first expansion tank respectively, and the oil guiding port is arranged below the plugging slider; The plugging slider of the elastic plugging member in the second expansion tank is slidably installed inside the second expansion tank, the two guide rods both penetrate through the second expansion tank and extend below the second expansion tank, and both ends of the second spring are fixedly connected to the opposite side of the U-shaped lapping frame and the second expansion tank respectively, an oil injection head is communicated with one side of the second expansion tank, and the oil injection head is arranged above the plugging slider, and an oil discharge head is further communicated with the bottom of the outer periphery of the transformer body; The plugging slider of the elastic plugging member is slidably installed inside the third expansion box. Both of the guide rods penetrate through the third expansion box and extend above the third expansion box. The two ends of the second spring are respectively fixedly connected to the opposite sides of the U-shaped lapping frame and the third expansion box. The plugging slider of the elastic plugging member is slidably installed inside the fourth expansion box. Both of the guide rods penetrate through the fourth expansion box and extend below the fourth expansion box. The two ends of the second spring are respectively fixedly connected to the opposite sides of the U-shaped lapping frame and the fourth expansion box.

[0016] In order to achieve the energy-saving effect according to the expansion capacity of the transformer oil storage space, the present invention is further configured as follows: The surfaces of the first expansion box, the second expansion box, the third expansion box, and the fourth expansion box are respectively fixedly installed with a first trigger switch, a second trigger switch, a third trigger switch, and a fourth trigger switch through connecting frames. The first trigger switch, the second trigger switch, the third trigger switch, and the fourth trigger switch are all used in cooperation with the U-shaped lapping frame and the cooling fan.

[0017] The present invention is further configured as follows: The elastic strength of the second spring in the first expansion box, the second expansion box, the third expansion box, and the fourth expansion box increases in sequence.

[0018] A method for using a transformer with an explosion-proof protection structure includes the following steps: Step 1, primary expansion: When the gas space inside the transformer body expands due to heat, it squeezes the transformer oil to enter the first expansion box from the oil guiding port, upwardly squeezing the plugging slider. The plugging slider drives the guide rod to move upward, enabling the U-shaped lapping frame to stretch the second spring. During the upward movement of the plugging slider, the first expansion box communicates with the second expansion box. When the U-shaped lapping frame contacts and squeezes the first trigger switch, the cooling fan starts to blow air at the first gear to cool the transformer body. Step 2, secondary expansion: As the gas space inside the transformer body continues to expand due to heat, the transformer oil entering the second expansion box downwardly squeezes the plugging slider. The plugging slider drives the guide rod to move downward, enabling the U-shaped lapping frame to stretch the second spring. During the downward movement of the plugging slider, the second expansion box communicates with the third expansion box. When the U-shaped lapping frame contacts and squeezes the second trigger switch, the cooling fan blows air at the second gear. Step 3, tertiary expansion: As the gas space inside the transformer body continues to expand due to heat, the transformer oil entering the third expansion box upwardly squeezes the plugging slider. The plugging slider drives the guide rod to move upward, enabling the U-shaped lapping frame to stretch the second spring. During the upward movement of the plugging slider, the third expansion box communicates with the fourth expansion box. When the U-shaped lapping frame contacts and squeezes the third trigger switch, the cooling fan blows air at the third gear. Step 4, Four - stage expansion: As the gas space inside the transformer body continues to expand due to heat, the transformer oil entering the fourth expansion box squeezes the plugging slider downward. The plugging slider drives the guide rod to move downward, stretching the second spring by the U - shaped latching frame. During the downward movement of the plugging slider, the fourth expansion box communicates with the first expansion box. When the U - shaped latching frame touches and squeezes the fourth trigger switch, the cooling fan blows air at the fourth gear, and the wind speeds of the first, second, third, and fourth gears increase in sequence.

[0019] The present invention provides a transformer with an explosion - proof protection structure, having the following beneficial effects: (1) Through the setting of the oil - liquid breathing component, the present invention provides an expansion space for the oil - liquid, and in combination with the elastic plugging member, it realizes the expansion of the oil - liquid under different pressure gradients, improving the explosion - proof strength of the transformer body. Through the position change of the U - shaped latching frame, it provides an intuitive display of the change in the internal pressure of the transformer body. At the same time, in combination with the setting of four trigger switches, when the transformer body is in different pressure environments, it controls the blowing speed of the cooling fan, having an energy - saving advantage and accelerating the cooling speed of the transformer body to relieve the pressure increase caused by gas expansion.

[0020] (2) Through the setting of the gas breathing component, the present invention realizes the expansion of the gas space, improves the explosion - proof strength of the transformer body, and diversifies the explosion - proof measures of the transformer body. With the cooperation of the piston cylinder, piston, first spring, connecting rod, bracket, and plugging cone, when the pressure of the transformer body is sufficient to push the piston upward and squeeze the first spring, the plugging cone plugs the air guide hole, isolating the gas communication between the container cover and the transformer body. The cooling fan is used to cool the gas in the container cover, and the high - temperature gas in the transformer body is discharged from the exhaust pipe with a pressure - relief valve. While improving the cooling effect, with the cooperation of the through - slot, it guarantees the balance of the gas pressure in the container cover and the gas space pressure in the transformer body, thereby ensuring the smooth reset and reuse of the piston. Description of the Drawings

[0021] Figure 1 is the external structure schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 is the connection schematic diagram of the gas breathing component and the transformer body structure of the present invention; Figure 3 is the structure schematic diagram of the gas breathing component of the present invention; Figure 4 is the structure schematic diagram of the cooling covering component of the present invention; Figure 5 is the internal structure schematic diagram of the transformer body of the present invention; Figure 6 is the connection schematic diagram of the oil - liquid breathing component and the elastic plugging member structure of the present invention; Figure 7 Structural schematic diagram of the present invention, the first expansion box, the second expansion box, the first trigger switch, the second trigger switch and the elastic sealing member; Figure 8 Structural schematic diagram of the second expansion box, the third expansion box, the second trigger switch, the third trigger switch and the elastic sealing member of the present invention; Figure 9 Structural schematic diagram of the third expansion box, the fourth expansion box, the third trigger switch, the fourth trigger switch and the elastic sealing member of the present invention; Figure 10 Structural schematic diagram of the first expansion box, the fourth expansion box, the first trigger switch, the fourth trigger switch and the elastic sealing member of the present invention; Figure 11 Schematic circuit control diagram of four trigger switches and two cooling fans in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] In the figure: 1. Transformer body; 101. Exhaust pipe with pressure relief valve; 102. Pressure hole; 103. Air guide hole; 104. Oil guide port; 105. Oil injection head; 106. Oil drain head; 2. Gas breathing assembly; 201. Container cover; 202. Piston cylinder; 203. Piston; 204. First spring; 205. Connecting rod; 206. Bracket; 207. Sealing cone; 208. Through groove; 209. Heat conducting ring; 2010. Heat sink; 3. Cooling covering assembly; 301. Bent sunshade; 302. Cooling fan; 303. Mounting rod; 4. Oil breathing assembly; 401. First expansion box; 402. Second expansion box; 403. Third expansion box; 404. Fourth expansion box; 405. Connecting frame; 406. First trigger switch; 407. Second trigger switch; 408. Third trigger switch; 409. Fourth trigger switch; 5. Elastic sealing member; 501. Guide rod; 502. Sealing slider; 503. U-shaped overlapping frame; 504. Second spring. Detailed implementation mode

[0023] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0024] Please refer to Figures 1-11 , the embodiments of the present invention provide the following technical solutions: Embodiment

[0025] A transformer with an explosion-proof protection structure includes a transformer body 1, an exhaust pipe 101 with a pressure relief valve arranged on the transformer body 1, a cooling and covering assembly 3, and an oil breathing assembly 4. Heat dissipation fins are fixedly installed on the outer periphery of the transformer body 1. The exhaust pipe 101 with a pressure relief valve is a pipe equipped with a pressure relief valve, which is used to exhaust and reduce pressure when the internal pressure of the transformer body 1 exceeds the preset standard. The cooling and covering assembly 3 includes a bent sunshade 301. Two sets of cooling fans 302 are fixedly installed at the bottom of the bent sunshade 301. The bent sunshade 301 is fixedly installed on the top of the transformer body 1 through a mounting rod 303 to provide sunshade and rain protection for the transformer body 1, and ensure the long-term stable use of the transformer body 1.

[0026] As a preferred solution, the oil breathing assembly 4 is used to provide a gradient expansion space for the transformer oil inside the transformer body 1. Specifically, the oil breathing assembly 4 includes a first expansion tank 401, a second expansion tank 402, a third expansion tank 403, and a fourth expansion tank 404 that are connected in sequence. The first expansion tank 401, the second expansion tank 402, the third expansion tank 403, and the fourth expansion tank 404 are respectively fixedly installed on the outer periphery of the transformer body 1. An oil guide port 104 is opened on the back of the transformer body 1, and the oil guide port 104 is communicated with the first expansion tank 401. The setting of the oil guide port 104 provides a channel for the transformer oil to enter the first expansion tank 401. In order to realize the sequential circulation of the transformer oil in the first expansion tank 401, the second expansion tank 402, the third expansion tank 403, and the fourth expansion tank 404, elastic sealing members 5 are provided in the first expansion tank 401, the second expansion tank 402, the third expansion tank 403, and the fourth expansion tank 404. On this basis, a gradient expansion design is carried out. Among them, the elastic sealing member 5 includes two guide rods 501. One ends of the two guide rods 501 are commonly fixedly installed with a sealing slider 502. The other ends of the two guide rods 501 are commonly fixedly installed with a U-shaped lap frame 503. And a second spring 504 is also sleeved on the outer periphery of the guide rod 501. By designing the second spring 504 with different elastic strengths, different pressure seals of the first expansion tank 401, the second expansion tank 402, the third expansion tank 403, and the fourth expansion tank 404 can be realized, and then gradient pressure expansion can be realized. Specifically as follows: In the first expansion box 401, the plugging slider 502 of the elastic plugging member 5 is slidably installed inside the first expansion box 401. Both guiding rods 501 penetrate through the first expansion box 401 and extend above the first expansion box 401. The two ends of the second spring 504 are respectively fixedly connected to the opposite sides of the U-shaped lapping frame 503 and the first expansion box 401. The oil guiding port 104 is arranged below the plugging slider 502. The pressure brought by the expansion of the gas space in the transformer body 1 squeezes the transformer oil to enter below the plugging slider 502 in the first expansion box 401. After overcoming the elastic force of the second spring 504, the plugging slider 502 can be pushed to move upward to achieve primary expansion. During the process, the U-shaped lapping frame 503 moves upward to dynamically display the change in the internal pressure of the transformer body 1; In the second expansion box 402, the plugging slider 502 of the elastic plugging member 5 is slidably installed inside the second expansion box 402. Both guiding rods 501 penetrate through the second expansion box 402 and extend below the second expansion box 402. The two ends of the second spring 504 are respectively fixedly connected to the opposite sides of the U-shaped lapping frame 503 and the second expansion box 402. One side of the second expansion box 402 is communicated with an oil injection head 105, and the oil injection head 105 is arranged above the plugging slider 502. The bottom of the outer periphery of the transformer body 1 is also communicated with an oil discharge head 106. When the pressure in the transformer body 1 continues to increase, as the plugging slider 502 in the first expansion box 401 rises, the first expansion box 401 is communicated with the second expansion box 402, and the transformer oil enters above the plugging slider 502 in the second expansion box 402. After overcoming the elastic force of the second spring 504, the plugging slider 502 can be pushed to move downward to achieve secondary expansion. During the process, the U-shaped lapping frame 503 moves downward to dynamically display the change in the internal pressure of the transformer body 1; In the third expansion box 403, the plugging slider 502 of the elastic plugging member 5 is slidably installed inside the third expansion box 403. Both guiding rods 501 penetrate through the third expansion box 403 and extend above the third expansion box 403. The two ends of the second spring 504 are respectively fixedly connected to the opposite sides of the U-shaped lapping frame 503 and the third expansion box 403. When the pressure in the transformer body 1 continues to increase, as the plugging slider 502 in the second expansion box 402 descends, the second expansion box 402 is communicated with the third expansion box 403, and the transformer oil enters below the plugging slider 502 in the third expansion box 403. After overcoming the elastic force of the second spring 504, the plugging slider 502 can be pushed to move upward to achieve tertiary expansion. During the process, the U-shaped lapping frame 503 moves upward to dynamically display the change in the internal pressure of the transformer body 1; In the fourth expansion box 404, the plugging slider 502 of the elastic plugging member 5 is slidably installed inside the fourth expansion box 404. Both guide rods 501 penetrate through the fourth expansion box 404 and extend below the fourth expansion box 404. The two ends of the second spring 504 are respectively fixedly connected to the opposite sides of the U-shaped lapping frame 503 and the fourth expansion box 404. When the pressure in the transformer body 1 continues to increase, as the plugging slider 502 in the third expansion box 403 rises, the third expansion box 403 communicates with the fourth expansion box 404, and the transformer oil enters above the plugging slider 502 in the fourth expansion box 404. After overcoming the elastic force of the second spring 504, the plugging slider 502 can be pushed downward to achieve four-stage expansion. During this process, the U-shaped lapping frame 503 moves downward to dynamically display the change in the internal pressure of the transformer body 1. And during the downward movement of the plugging slider 502, the fourth expansion box 404 will also communicate with the first expansion box 401.

[0027] Furthermore, the elastic strength of the second spring 504 set in the first expansion box 401, the second expansion box 402, the third expansion box 403, and the fourth expansion box 404 increases in sequence. While ensuring gradient expansion, it can also ensure the sequential return of the transformer oil when the internal pressure of the transformer body 1 returns to the normal level.

[0028] As a preferred solution, in order to further improve the explosion-proof effect, a first trigger switch 406, a second trigger switch 407, a third trigger switch 408, and a fourth trigger switch 409 are respectively fixedly installed on the surfaces of the first expansion box 401, the second expansion box 402, the third expansion box 403, and the fourth expansion box 404 through connecting frames 405. The first trigger switch 406, the second trigger switch 407, the third trigger switch 408, and the fourth trigger switch 409 are all used in cooperation with the U-shaped lapping frame 503 and the cooling fan 302. Specifically: In the first-stage expansion phase, after the first trigger switch 406 is squeezed by the U-shaped lapping frame 503, the two cooling fans 302 are started to accelerate the air flow rate on the surface of the transformer body 1 in the first gear. In the second-stage expansion phase, after the second trigger switch 407 is squeezed by the U-shaped lapping frame 503, the two cooling fans 302 are started to accelerate the air flow rate on the surface of the transformer body 1 in the second gear. In the third-stage expansion phase, after the third trigger switch 408 is squeezed by the U-shaped lapping frame 503, the two cooling fans 302 are started to accelerate the air flow rate on the surface of the transformer body 1 in the third gear. In the fourth-stage expansion phase, after the fourth trigger switch 409 is squeezed by the U-shaped lapping frame 503, the two cooling fans 302 are started to accelerate the air flow rate on the surface of the transformer body 1 in the fourth gear, and the wind speeds of the first gear, the second gear, the third gear, and the fourth gear increase in sequence.

[0029] As an extended explanation, both of the two cooling fans 302 are driven by motors and powered by an external power supply. The first trigger switch 406, the second trigger switch 407, the third trigger switch 408, and the fourth trigger switch 409 serve as switches S1, S2, S3, and S4. As shown in the appendix Figure 11 As shown, after switches S1, S2, S3, and S4 are respectively connected in series with a resistor R1, R2, R3, and R4, they are connected in parallel to form a switch module. Then, the switch module is connected in series with the two cooling fans 302 and the external power supply. It should be noted that the resistance values of resistors R1, R2, R3, and R4 are set to decrease in sequence. In this way, after switch S1 is closed, the circuit forms a closed loop, the resistance of the switch module is relatively large, and the cooling fan 302 starts at the first gear. After switch S2 is closed, the resistance of the switch module decreases, and the cooling fan 302 starts at the second gear. After switch S3 is closed, the resistance of the switch module further decreases, and the cooling fan 302 starts at the third gear. After switch S4 is closed, the resistance of the switch module decreases again, and the cooling fan 302 starts at the fourth gear.

[0030] In this embodiment, not only can the gradient expansion of the transformer oil be realized, improving the explosion-proof effect, but also the dynamic display of the internal pressure change of the transformer body 1 can be realized according to the position change of the four U-shaped latching brackets 503. And with the setting of the four control switches, the stepped control of the rotation speed of the two cooling fans 302 is realized. In this way, while ensuring the cooling speed of the transformer body 1, it has a good energy-saving effect.

[0031] As a detailed explanation, for the changes of the four U-shaped latching brackets 503, first-level maintenance response, second-level maintenance response, third-level maintenance response, and fourth-level maintenance response settings are carried out according to the corresponding first expansion box 401, second expansion box 402, third expansion box 403, and fourth expansion box 404 at their installation positions. When the U-shaped latching bracket 503 on the first expansion box 401 moves, it serves as a first-level maintenance response signal. Among them, the first-level maintenance response, second-level maintenance response, third-level maintenance response, and fourth-level maintenance response correspond to an increasing order of urgency. Further explanation, according to the moving amplitude of the U-shaped latching bracket 503, corresponding-level in-depth division can also be carried out to improve the judgment accuracy of the urgency. Embodiment

[0032] As an improvement over the previous embodiment, a transformer with an explosion-proof protection structure further includes a gas breathing assembly 2. The gas breathing assembly 2 is arranged below the bent sunshade 301. The gas breathing assembly 2 is used to isolate and cool the expanding gas in the transformer body 1. Specifically, the gas breathing assembly 2 includes a container cover 201. A piston cylinder 202 is fixedly installed at the top of the inner cavity of the container cover 201. Both the container cover 201 and the piston cylinder 202 are fixedly installed on the top of the transformer body 1. A pressure hole 102 and a plurality of air guide holes 103 are formed in the top of the transformer body 1. Among them, the pressure hole 102 is communicated with the piston cylinder 202, and a plurality of air guide holes 103 are all communicated with the container cover 201. A piston 203 is slidably installed inside the piston cylinder 202. A first spring 204 is fixedly installed between the top of the piston 203 and the top of the inner cavity of the container cover 201. The elastic strength of the first spring 204 is greater than the elastic strength of the second spring 504. A connecting rod 205 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the piston 203. The bottom of the connecting rod 205 passes through the pressure hole 102 and is fixedly installed with a bracket 206. A plurality of plugging cones 207 are fixedly installed on the top of the bracket 206, and the plugging cones 207 are used in cooperation with the air guide holes 103. A plurality of through grooves 208 are formed on the outer periphery of the piston cylinder 202, and a plurality of through grooves 208 are all used in cooperation with the piston 203.

[0033] Furthermore, in order to improve the heat dissipation speed of the container cover 201, a plurality of groups of heat conduction rings 209 are fixedly installed on the outer periphery of the container cover 201 from top to bottom in sequence, and a plurality of groups of heat dissipation fins 2010 are fixedly installed on the outer periphery of the heat conduction rings 209.

[0034] The advantages of the second embodiment over the first embodiment are as follows: After the transformer oil completes four-stage expansion, the internal pressure of the transformer body 1 still continues to increase. When the increase reaches the point of overcoming the elastic force of the first spring 204 and pushing the piston cylinder 202 to rise, the piston cylinder 202 drives the connecting rod 205 to make the bracket 206 rise. The bracket 206 drives the four plugging cones 207 to rise, insert and block the air guide holes 103. When the air pressure inside the container cover 201 is the same as the gas space pressure in the transformer body 1, the upward movement of the piston 203 is blocked. During this process, the gas in the upper space of the transformer body 1 is discharged from the exhaust pipe 101 with a pressure relief valve for pressure reduction. As the two cooling fans 302 accelerate the cooling of the air in the container cover 201, the gas pressure in the container cover 201 decreases, and the piston 203 continues to move upward. After the through grooves 208 are exposed, the pressurized gas in the transformer body 1 enters the container cover 201 through the through grooves 208, so that the air pressure inside the container cover 201 and the gas space pressure in the transformer body 1 remain relatively balanced. During this process, while realizing the expansion of the internal gas space of the transformer body 1, part of the gas is intercepted and cooled, effectively improving the cooling efficiency and the explosion-proof effect of the transformer body 1.

[0035] In summary, the present invention realizes the gradient expansion of transformer oil through four - level expansion. While improving the explosion - proof effect of the transformer body 1, it also combines gas expansion and isolation cooling methods to achieve a five - fold expansion explosion - proof protection for the internal pressure of the transformer body 1, providing sufficient pressure relief time for the exhaust pipe 101 with a pressure relief valve to cope with the occurrence of continuous internal faults.

[0036] As an expansion solution, heat dissipation fins can also be added to the sides of the first expansion tank 401, the second expansion tank 402, the third expansion tank 403, and the fourth expansion tank 404 away from the transformer body 1 to accelerate the cooling rate of the transformer oil.

[0037] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, for those of ordinary skill in the art, it can be understood that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A transformer with an explosion-proof protection structure, comprising a transformer body (1) and an exhaust pipe with a pressure relief valve (101) arranged on the transformer body (1), characterized in that: A gas breathing component (2) and a cooling cover component (3) are arranged at the top of the transformer body (1), and the gas breathing component (2) is used for isolating and cooling the expansion gas in the transformer body (1). An oil breathing component (4) is arranged at the bottom of the outer periphery of the transformer body (1), and the oil breathing component (4) is used for providing a gradient expansion space for the transformer oil inside the transformer body (1).

2. The transformer with an explosion-proof protection structure according to claim 1, wherein: The cooling cover component (3) includes a bent sunshade plate (301), and two groups of cooling fans (302) are fixedly installed at the bottom of the bent sunshade plate (301). The bent sunshade plate (301) is fixedly installed at the top of the transformer body (1) through a mounting rod (303), and the gas breathing component (2) is arranged below the bent sunshade plate (301).

3. A transformer with an explosion-proof protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas breathing component (2) includes a container cover (201), a piston cylinder (202) is fixedly installed at the top of the inner cavity of the container cover (201), a piston (203) is slidably installed inside the piston cylinder (202), and a first spring (204) is fixedly installed between the top of the piston (203) and the top of the inner cavity of the container cover (201). Both the container cover (201) and the piston cylinder (202) are fixedly installed at the top of the transformer body (1), a pressure hole (102) and a plurality of air guide holes (103) are opened at the top of the transformer body (1), wherein the pressure hole (102) is communicated with the piston cylinder (202), and the plurality of air guide holes (103) are all communicated with the container cover (201).

4. A transformer with an explosion-proof protection structure according to claim 3, wherein: A connecting rod (205) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the piston (203), the connecting rod (205) passes through the pressure hole (102) at the bottom, and a bracket (206) is fixedly installed, and a plurality of blocking cones (207) are fixedly installed at the top of the bracket (206), and the blocking cones (207) are used in cooperation with the air guide holes (103). A plurality of through grooves (208) are opened on the outer periphery of the piston cylinder (202), and the plurality of through grooves (208) are all used in cooperation with the piston (203).

5. The transformer with an explosion-proof protection structure according to claim 3, wherein: A plurality of groups of heat conduction rings (209) are fixedly installed on the outer periphery of the container cover (201) from top to bottom in sequence, and a plurality of groups of heat dissipation fins (2010) are fixedly installed on the outer periphery of the heat conduction rings (209).

6. The transformer with an explosion-proof protection structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The oil breathing component (4) includes a first expansion tank (401), a second expansion tank (402), a third expansion tank (403) and a fourth expansion tank (404) that are connected in sequence. The first expansion tank (401), the second expansion tank (402), the third expansion tank (403) and the fourth expansion tank (404) are respectively fixedly installed on the outer periphery of the transformer body (1). An oil guiding port (104) is provided on the back of the transformer body (1), and the oil guiding port (104) is communicated with the first expansion tank (401). Elastic sealing members (5) are provided in the first expansion tank (401), the second expansion tank (402), the third expansion tank (403) and the fourth expansion tank (404). The four elastic sealing members (5) are used to control the transformer oil in the transformer body (1) to enter the first expansion tank (401) through the oil guiding port (104) and then enter the second expansion tank (402), the third expansion tank (403) and the fourth expansion tank (404) in sequence.

7. The transformer with an explosion-proof protection structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The elastic sealing member (5) includes two guiding rods (501). One ends of the two guiding rods (501) are commonly fixedly installed with a sealing slider (502). The other ends of the two guiding rods (501) are commonly fixedly installed with a U-shaped lapping frame (503). A second spring (504) is also sleeved on the outer periphery of the guiding rod (501).

8. A transformer with an explosion-proof protection structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The sealing slider (502) of the elastic sealing member (5) provided in the first expansion tank (401) is slidably installed inside the first expansion tank (401). The two guiding rods (501) both penetrate through the first expansion tank (401) and extend above the first expansion tank (401). The two ends of the second spring (504) are respectively fixedly connected to the U-shaped lapping frame (503) and the opposite side of the first expansion tank (401). The oil guiding port (104) is provided below the sealing slider (502); The sealing slider (502) of the elastic sealing member (5) provided in the second expansion tank (402) is slidably installed inside the second expansion tank (402). The two guiding rods (501) both penetrate through the second expansion tank (402) and extend below the second expansion tank (402). The two ends of the second spring (504) are respectively fixedly connected to the U-shaped lapping frame (503) and the opposite side of the second expansion tank (402). An oil filling head (105) is communicated with one side of the second expansion tank (402), and the oil filling head (105) is provided above the sealing slider (502). An oil drain head (106) is also communicated with the bottom of the outer periphery of the transformer body (1); The sealing slider (502) of the elastic sealing member (5) provided in the third expansion tank (403) is slidably installed inside the third expansion tank (403). The two guiding rods (501) both penetrate through the third expansion tank (403) and extend above the third expansion tank (403). The two ends of the second spring (504) are respectively fixedly connected to the U-shaped lapping frame (503) and the opposite side of the third expansion tank (403); The plugging slider (502) of the elastic plugging member (5) is slidably installed inside the fourth expansion box (404). Both of the guide rods (501) penetrate through the fourth expansion box (404) and extend below the fourth expansion box (404). The two ends of the second spring (504) are respectively fixedly connected to the opposite sides of the U-shaped lapping frame (503) and the fourth expansion box (404).

9. A transformer with an explosion-proof protection structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: The surfaces of the first expansion box (401), the second expansion box (402), the third expansion box (403) and the fourth expansion box (404) are respectively fixedly installed with a first trigger switch (406), a second trigger switch (407), a third trigger switch (408) and a fourth trigger switch (409) through connecting frames (405). The first trigger switch (406), the second trigger switch (407), the third trigger switch (408) and the fourth trigger switch (409) are all used in cooperation with the U-shaped lapping frame (503) and the cooling fan (302).

10. A transformer with an explosion-proof protection structure according to claim 9, characterized in that: The elastic strength of the second spring (504) set in the first expansion box (401), the second expansion box (402), the third expansion box (403) and the fourth expansion box (404) increases in sequence.

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