Drilling device operation performance test system based on data acquisition

Abstract

The invention discloses a well drilling device operation performance test system based on data acquisition, and relates to the technical field of industrial equipment performance evaluation. Real-time monitoring and data acquisition of key components (such as a drill bit, a rotating head, a drill rod and a drill tower) and an operation environment in drilling operation are realized. Multi-dimensional operation data, stress distribution data and environment parameter data are obtained in real time, the operation performance of the drilling device is comprehensively evaluated, accurate performance testing and real-time monitoring on the drilling device are promoted, potential problems of the drilling device can be recognized in time according to various performance testing results, corresponding optimization strategies are generated, and the drilling device is optimized. The down time caused by equipment faults is shortened, various operations of drilling operation are optimized, finally, the operation efficiency is improved, and unnecessary maintenance and operation cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of industrial equipment performance, and particularly to a running performance test system for a drilling device based on data acquisition. Background Art

[0002] Drilling technology is widely used in the exploitation of resources such as oil, natural gas, and geothermal energy. In modern drilling operations, the performance of the drilling device directly affects drilling efficiency and operation safety. During the drilling process, the operating states of key components such as drill bits, rotary heads, and drill pipes, the stress conditions at connection parts and drill towers, and factors such as the geological characteristics of rock formations all have a significant impact on drilling efficiency, drilling safety, and drilling costs.

[0003] In traditional technologies, single or intermittent data acquisition methods are often used for each link in drilling operations (such as drill bit efficiency, rotary head torque, drill pipe bending, etc.), and the operating states of each component cannot be comprehensively and real-time reflected. This limits the comprehensive performance analysis of the drilling device and also affects the timely discovery of abnormal conditions or potential faults during the operation process.

[0004] The stress distribution during drilling operations is often the root cause of equipment failures, especially the stress states of key structures such as connection parts and drill towers. If the stress changes cannot be monitored in real time and the operation strategy cannot be adjusted in time, it is extremely easy to cause equipment damage or safety accidents. However, traditional technologies usually lack comprehensive monitoring and real-time analysis of these key points. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a running performance test system for a drilling device based on data acquisition to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is realized through the following technical solutions: A running performance test system for a drilling device based on data acquisition, comprising:

[0007] A data acquisition module, which is used to determine the geological conditions and key construction areas in and around the construction drilling area, and arrange exploration points and data acquisition points according to the drilling depth, rock formation distribution, and construction requirements, and real-time collect the operating parameters of the drill bit, rotary head, and drill pipe during the drilling operation of the drilling device to form a multi-dimensional operating data group;

[0008] A stress distribution acquisition module, which is used to install stress sensors at the connections of the drill bit, rotary head, and drill pipe to real-time collect the stress data at the connection points to form a connection point stress distribution data group; and install stress sensors at the drill tower base and the top of the drill tower to collect the stress σ hase of the drill tower base and the stress σ top of the top of the drill tower to form a tower body load data group;

[0009] The drilling environment acquisition module is used to collect, in real time during the drilling operation, the volume of rock broken per unit time V r , the rock type coefficient k s , the rock density ρ r , the drilling depth H, and the formation temperature T g , to form an environmental parameter group;

[0010] The performance prediction and analysis module is used to establish an analysis model for the operating performance of the drilling device based on the collected multi-dimensional operation data group, the stress distribution data group at the connection points, the tower body bearing data group, and the environmental parameter group by using machine learning algorithms. After training the analysis model for the operating performance of the drilling device, the following are calculated and obtained: the bit efficiency coefficient D dxs , the rotary head torque stability coefficient T atability , the drill pipe bending resistance coefficient K bend , the stress distribution coefficient S at the connection part joint , and the drill tower stress change coefficient E vc ;

[0011] The evaluation module is used to evaluate the bit efficiency coefficient D dxs , the rotary head torque stability coefficient T atability , the drill pipe bending resistance coefficient K bend , the stress distribution coefficient S at the connection part joint , and the drill tower stress change coefficient E vc respectively, to obtain the corresponding test results, and to generate corresponding strategies based on the corresponding test results.

[0012] Preferably, the data acquisition module includes a bit data acquisition unit, a rotary head data acquisition unit, a drill pipe data acquisition unit, and a summary unit;

[0013] The bit data acquisition unit is used to collect the bit operation parameters during the drilling operation of the drilling device. The bit operation parameters include: the bit rotation speed ω, the bit axial load F z , the wear rate W r , the change in bit temperature rise ΔT, and the bit footage speed w per unit time m ;

[0014] The rotary head data acquisition unit is used to collect the rotary head operation parameters during the drilling operation of the drilling device. The rotary head operation parameters include: the instantaneous torque value Tx of the rotary head collected for the jth time j and the average torque value

[0015] The drill pipe data acquisition unit is used to collect the drill pipe operation parameters during the drilling operation of the drilling device. The drill pipe operation parameters include: the drill pipe axial load F g , the drill pipe length L, and the drill pipe vibration amplitude Av 、 The vibration frequency f of the drill pipe v 、 The actual bending radius R of the drill pipe b and the maximum stress σ of the drill pipe max ;

[0016] The summarization unit is used to summarize the data collected by the drill bit data acquisition unit, the rotary head data acquisition unit, and the drill pipe data acquisition unit to form a multi-dimensional operation data group.

[0017] Preferably, the stress distribution acquisition module includes a connection point stress distribution acquisition unit and a drill tower body stress acquisition unit;

[0018] The connection point stress distribution acquisition unit is used to install stress sensors at the connections of the drill bit, the rotary head, and the drill pipe, and collect the connection point stress data in real time to form a connection point stress distribution data group. The connection point stress distribution data group includes: the axial stress T of the connection point at the s-th point axial,s 、 The radial stress T radial,s and the tangential stress T tangential,s ;

[0019] The drill tower body stress acquisition unit is used to install stress sensors at the drill tower base and the top of the drill tower, and collect the stress σ of the drill tower base hase and the stress σ of the top of the drill tower top , and form a tower body bearing data group. The tower body bearing data group also includes the following data: the wind speed value v at the tower base position wind1 、 The wind speed value v at the top position of the drill tower wind2 、 The radius r of the drill tower, the height h of the drill tower, the elastic modulus E of the drill tower material, and the moment of inertia I of the cross-section of the drill tower.

[0020] Preferably, the performance prediction and analysis module includes a preprocessing unit and a model establishment unit;

[0021] The preprocessing unit is used to preprocess the multi-dimensional operation data group, the connection point stress distribution data group, the tower body bearing data group, and the environmental parameter group. The preprocessing includes: denoising, smoothing, and data normalization;

[0022] The model establishment unit is used to establish an association analysis model for the operation performance of the drilling device using machine learning algorithms. After selecting the features related to the operation performance of the drilling device from the multi-dimensional operation data group, the connection point stress distribution data group, the tower body bearing data group, and the environmental parameter group, through mathematical transformation, calculate and obtain: the drill bit efficiency coefficient D dxs 、 The rotary head torque smoothness coefficient T atability 、 The drill pipe bending resistance coefficient K bend 、 The stress distribution coefficient S of the connection part joint and the drill tower stress change coefficient E vc .

[0023] Preferably, the bit efficiency coefficient D dxs is obtained through the following steps:

[0024] S11. Extract the bit rotation speed ω and the bit axial load F from the drill pipe operation parameters z , which are used to calculate the energy consumption required to break a unit volume of rock, and calculate the rock breakage specific energy E rb :

[0025] V r = π×(D / 2) 2 ×w m ;

[0026]

[0027] In the formula, V r represents the volume of rock broken per unit time, D represents the bit diameter, and here the volume of rock broken per unit time V r is calculated by setting the bit as a cylindrical bit, w m represents the penetration rate of the bit per unit time, which is collected in real time by a penetration sensor, with the unit of m / s; ω is the bit rotation speed, with the unit of rad / s, and F z is the bit axial load;

[0028] S12. And based on the rock breakage specific energy E in S11 rb , calculate and obtain the rock breakage efficiency η through the following formula br ;

[0029]

[0030] S r = k s ×ρ r ×g×H;

[0031] In the formula, k s represents the rock type coefficient, and the specific value is set according to different types of rocks, including: the rock type coefficient k s of sandstone is set to 1.0 - 2.0; the rock type coefficient k s of shale is set to 2.0 - 3.5; the rock type coefficient k s of limestone is set to 1.5 - 3.0; the rock type coefficient k s of granite is set to 3.5 - 5.0; the rock type coefficient k s of basalt is set to 4.0 - 6.0; the rock type coefficient k s of marble is set to 2.0 - 4.5; the rock type coefficient ks of clay layer is set to 0.5 - 1.5;

[0032] Among them, Sr represents the uniaxial compressive strength of the rock, ρ r represents the rock density, measured by a density sensor, with the unit of kg / m 3 ; g is the acceleration due to gravity, set to 9.8 m / s 2 , H is the drilling depth, with the unit of meter;

[0033] S13. Calculate the bit cutting energy consumption ratio E c :

[0034]

[0035] In the formula, w m represents the penetration rate of the bit per unit time, ω is the rotational speed of the bit, F z is the axial load of the bit;

[0036] S14. Extract the relationship between the formation temperature T g , the drilling fluid flow rate v m and the bit temperature change ΔT, and calculate the cooling efficiency ratio η through the following formula cool :

[0037]

[0038] S15. According to the bit wear efficiency W r and the maximum allowable wear rate W r,max , calculate the bit material life factor η mat , the formula is as follows:

[0039]

[0040] S16. Based on the rock fragmentation efficiency η br , the bit cutting energy consumption ratio E c , the cooling efficiency ratio η cool and the bit material life factor η mat obtained by calculation in S11 - S15, after dimensionless processing, calculate the bit efficiency coefficient D through the following formula dxs :

[0041]

[0042] Among them, the bit cutting energy consumption ratio E c is in an inverse relationship, so it is in the denominator.

[0043] Preferably, the acquisition method of the rotary head torque stability coefficient T atability is obtained through the following steps:

[0044] S21. Extract the instantaneous torque value Tx of the rotary head in the j-th acquisition of the rotary head operating parameters from the multi-dimensional operating data setj and the average torque value The torque fluctuation ratio ΔTx of the rotary head is calculated by the following formula:

[0045]

[0046] In the formula, Tx j represents the instantaneous torque value of the rotary head collected at the jth time, and M is the number of acquisition points of the instantaneous torque value of the rotary head;

[0047] S22. Combining the rotary speed ω of the drill bit and the axial load F of the drill pipe g , the torque stability coefficient T of the rotary head is calculated and obtained by the following formula atability :

[0048]

[0049] The drill pipe bending resistance coefficient K bend is obtained through the following steps:

[0050] S31. Extract the actual bending radius R of the drill pipe in the drill pipe operation parameters from the multi-dimensional operation data group b and the drill pipe length L, and calculate the drill pipe bending amplitude Δθ by the following formula:

[0051]

[0052] S32. Extract the vibration amplitude A of the drill pipe v and the vibration frequency f of the drill pipe v , and calculate and obtain the drill pipe vibration index η by the following formula vib :

[0053]

[0054] Among them, A ref represents the reference vibration amplitude under normal operation; f ref is the reference vibration frequency of the drill pipe under normal operation; a1 and a2 represent the weight coefficients, and the sum of the weights is 1;

[0055] S33. Combining the drill pipe bending amplitude Δθ, the maximum stress σ of the drill pipe max , the drilling depth H, the drill pipe vibration index η vib , the rock type coefficient k s and the rock density ρ r , and calculate and obtain the drill pipe bending resistance coefficient K by the following formula bend :

[0056]

[0057] Preferably, the stress distribution coefficient S of the connection partjoint The acquisition method is obtained through the following steps:

[0058] S41. Extract the axial stress T of the joint point at the s-th point in the joint point stress distribution data group axial,s , the radial stress T radial,s and the tangential stress T tangential,s . Calculate and obtain the standard deviation σ of the axial stress of the joint point through the following formula axial , the standard deviation σ of the radial stress of the joint point radial and the standard deviation σ of the tangential stress of the joint point tanngential :

[0059]

[0060]

[0061] In the formula, represents the average value of the axial stress of the joint point, N a represents the number of sampling points of the axial stress of the joint point; represents the average value of the radial stress of the joint point, N b represents the number of sampling points of the radial stress of the joint point; represents the average value of the tangential stress of the joint point, N c represents the number of sampling points of the tangential stress of the joint point; The greater the standard deviation fluctuation, the more uneven the stress distribution at the joint part;

[0062] S42. According to the standard deviation σ of the axial stress of the joint point axial , the standard deviation σ of the radial stress of the joint point radial and the standard deviation σ of the tangential stress of the joint point tangential , calculate and obtain the stress distribution coefficient S of the joint part through the following formula joint :

[0063]

[0064] In the formula, σ axial,max , σ radial,max and σ angential,max respectively represent the maximum standard deviations of the axial, radial and tangential stresses of the joint point, and b1, b2 and b3 represent the weight coefficients.

[0065] Preferably, the acquisition method of the derrick stress change coefficient E vc is obtained through the following steps:

[0066] S51. Extract the wind speed value v at the tower base position in the tower body bearing data group wind1 and the wind speed value v at the derrick top position wind2 , and calculate the first wind pressure value P wind1 and the second wind pressure value Pwind2 :

[0067]

[0068] In the formula, kp represents the air density;

[0069] S52. In wind energy science, the wind speed increases with the increase of height. Based on the first wind pressure value P wind1 and the second wind pressure value P wind2 , calculate the wind pressure distance coefficient K wind through the following formula:

[0070]

[0071] In the formula, d1 and d2 are the height from the ground to the tower base of the derrick and the height from the ground to the top of the derrick respectively;

[0072] S53. Set the derrick as a cylinder. The wind pressure acts on the outside of the derrick, and collect the lateral surface area A zt of the derrick. The calculation formula is:

[0073] A zt = 2πrh;

[0074] where r is the radius of the derrick and h is the height of the derrick;

[0075] S54. Collect the elastic modulus E of the derrick material and the moment of inertia I of the derrick cross-section, and calculate the derrick stiffness constant C through the following formula:

[0076]

[0077] S55. Extract the stress σ hase of the derrick tower base top and the stress σ wind of the derrick top. Combine the wind pressure distance coefficient K zt , the lateral surface area A vc of the derrick and the derrick stiffness constant C obtained in S52 - S54. After dimensionless processing, calculate and obtain the derrick stress change coefficient E hase

[0078]

[0079] In the formula, 2 / (σ top + σ ) represents the average value of the stress σ hase of the derrick tower base top and the stress σ vc of the derrick top. The derrick stress change coefficient E

[0080] Preferably, the evaluation module includes a bit evaluation unit, a rotary head evaluation unit, a drill pipe evaluation unit, a connection part evaluation unit, and a derrick instability evaluation unit;

[0081] The bit evaluation unit is used to set a first threshold X1 and compare the bit efficiency coefficient D dxs with the first threshold X1 to obtain a first test result, including:

[0082] When the bit efficiency coefficient D dxs ≥ the first threshold X1, it indicates that the bit of the drilling device is operating normally, and the drilling operation continues;

[0083] When the bit efficiency coefficient D dxs < the first threshold X1, it indicates that the bit of the drilling device is operating abnormally, and a first alarm is triggered;

[0084] The rotary head evaluation unit is used to set a second threshold X2 and compare the rotary head torque smoothness coefficient T atability with the second threshold X2 to obtain a second test result, including:

[0085] When the rotary head torque smoothness coefficient T atability ≥ the second threshold X2, it indicates that the rotary head of the drilling device is operating normally, and the drilling operation continues;

[0086] When the rotary head torque smoothness coefficient T atability < the second threshold X2, it indicates that the rotary head of the drilling device is operating abnormally, and a second alarm is triggered;

[0087] The drill pipe evaluation unit is used to set a third threshold X3 and compare the drill pipe bending resistance coefficient K bend with the third threshold X3 to obtain a third test result, including:

[0088] When the drill pipe bending resistance coefficient K bend ≤ the third threshold X3, it indicates that the drill pipe of the drilling device is operating normally, and the drilling operation continues;

[0089] When the drill pipe bending resistance coefficient K bend > the third threshold X3, it indicates that the drill pipe of the drilling device is operating abnormally, and a third alarm is triggered;

[0090] The connection part evaluation unit is used to set a fourth threshold X4 and compare the stress distribution coefficient S of the connection part joint with the fourth threshold X4 to obtain a fourth test result, including:

[0091] When the stress distribution coefficient S of the connection part joint≤ the fourth threshold value X4, indicating that the stress distribution at the bit, swivel head, and drill pipe connection of the drilling device is uniform during operation, and the drilling operation continues;

[0092] When the stress distribution coefficient S of the connection part joint > the fourth threshold value X4, indicating that the stress distribution at the bit, swivel head, and drill pipe connection of the drilling device is non-uniform during operation, there is a risk of deformation or rupture at the connection, and the fourth alarm is triggered;

[0093] The derrick instability assessment unit is used to set the fifth threshold value X5 and compare the derrick stress change coefficient E vc with the fifth threshold value X5 to obtain the fifth test result, including:

[0094] When the derrick stress change coefficient E vc > the fifth threshold value X5, indicating that the derrick of the drilling device has abnormal wind resistance during operation and there is a risk of instability, and the fifth alarm is issued;

[0095] When the derrick stress change coefficient E vc ≤ the fifth threshold value X5, indicating that the derrick of the drilling device has normal wind resistance during operation, and the drilling operation continues.

[0096] Preferably, the evaluation module further includes a strategy unit, which is used to generate corresponding strategies according to the first alarm, the second alarm, the third alarm, the fourth alarm, and the fifth alarm, including:

[0097] Generate the first strategy according to the first alarm, including: reducing the current bit rotation speed by 10%-30%, reducing the current bit penetration rate by 10%-15%, and increasing the current drilling fluid flow rate by 10%-15%. If the bit efficiency coefficient D dxs is still < the first threshold value X1, then interrupt the drilling operation and replace or maintain the bit;

[0098] Generate the second strategy according to the second alarm, including: reducing the current bit rotation speed by 10%-30%, reducing the current swivel head torque output by 5%-15%, and increasing the current drilling fluid flow rate by 10%-15%. If the swivel head torque stability coefficient T atability is still < the second threshold value X2, then interrupt the drilling operation and replace or maintain the swivel head;

[0099] Generate the third strategy according to the third alarm, including: reducing the current bit rotation speed by 10%-30%, reducing the current bit penetration rate by 10%-15%, increasing the current drilling fluid flow rate by 10%-15%, and adjusting and reducing the length of the current drill pipe by 2-3 meters. If the drill pipe bending resistance coefficient K bend is still > the third threshold value X3, then interrupt the drilling operation and replace or maintain the drill pipe;

[0100] Generate the fourth strategy based on the fourth alarm, including: reducing the current drilling fluid flow rate by 7%-13% to reduce the stress fluctuation at the connection caused by the too-fast drilling fluid, and reducing the current bit penetration rate by 10%-15%. If the stress distribution coefficient S of the connection joint is still > the fourth threshold X4, interrupt the drilling operation and replace or maintain the drill pipe;

[0101] Generate the fifth strategy based on the fifth alarm, including: reducing the current bit rotation speed by 10%-30%, reducing the current bit penetration rate by 10%-15%, and installing support beams on the drill tower foundation structure in stages, installing 1-2 support beams each time until the stress change coefficient E of the drill tower vc ≤ the fifth threshold X5.

[0102] The present invention provides a drilling device operation performance test system based on data acquisition. It has the following beneficial effects:

[0103] (1) By disassembling and separately monitoring the combination of the bit, the swivel, and the drill pipe, this system reduces the abnormal shutdown of the entire drilling device caused by wear of a single component among the bit, the swivel, and the drill pipe, which affects the operation progress and efficiency. This separate monitoring strategy can detect the respective states of the bit, the swivel, and the drill pipe in real time. When an abnormality occurs in one of the components, by adjusting the corresponding parameters or taking local repair measures, the overall shutdown of the system or the situation of being unable to continue the operation is avoided.

[0104] (2) By taking into account the standard deviations of the axial stress, radial stress, and tangential stress at the connection, the system can more comprehensively evaluate the stress distribution at the connection. This multi-dimensional stress monitoring method can provide more detailed stress change data compared with the traditional single stress index, which helps to accurately judge whether there is stress concentration or non-uniformity at the connection. Thus, it can more accurately predict the potential failure risk at the connection.

[0105] (3) During drilling operations, the stress states of the connection parts of the bit, the swivel, and the drill pipe and the drill tower directly affect the safety and service life of the equipment. Through stress monitoring at key connection points and the drill tower base and top by the stress distribution acquisition module of the present invention, the problem of insufficient monitoring of these parts in the traditional technology is effectively made up for. By collecting and analyzing stress changes in real time, potential equipment failures can be early warned, and equipment failures or safety accidents caused by excessive stress can be avoided.

[0106] (4) By dynamically optimizing key parameters such as the drill bit rotation speed, drilling fluid flow rate, and footage rate, the present invention can effectively reduce the excessive wear of drilling equipment, reduce the frequent replacement or maintenance requirements of the equipment, thereby extending the service life of the equipment. In addition, by specifically adjusting the operating states of each device, the system avoids premature damage to the equipment and reduces the long-term maintenance costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0107] Figure 1 It is a schematic flow diagram of a system for testing the operating performance of a drilling device based on data acquisition according to the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0108] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0109] Embodiment 1

[0110] The drill bit is the component that directly contacts the formation during the drilling process, and its operating state directly affects the drilling efficiency. The wear degree, axial load, and rotation speed of the drill bit will all affect the service life and working effect of the drill bit. If the drill bit is excessively worn or used improperly, it may lead to a decrease in the drilling speed, an increase in production costs, and even failures such as drill bit breakage or sticking, resulting in the interruption of the operation.

[0111] Please refer to Figure 1 , the present invention provides a system for testing the operating performance of a drilling device based on data acquisition, including:

[0112] A data acquisition module, used to determine the geological conditions and key construction areas in the construction drilling area and its surrounding areas, and arrange exploration points and data acquisition points according to the drilling depth, rock formation distribution, and construction requirements, and to collect in real time the operating parameters of the drill bit, rotary head, and drill pipe during the drilling operation of the drilling device, forming a multi-dimensional operating data set;

[0113] A stress distribution acquisition module, used to install stress sensors at the connections of the drill bit, rotary head, and drill pipe, and collect in real time the stress data at the connection points to form a connection point stress distribution data set; and install stress sensors at the base and top of the drill tower to collect the stress σ hase of the drill tower base and the stress σ top of the drill tower top, forming a tower body load-bearing data set;

[0114] A drilling environment acquisition module, used to collect in real time the volume V r, the rock type coefficient k s , the rock density ρ r , the drilling depth H and the formation temperature T g , to form an environmental parameter group;

[0115] The performance prediction and analysis module is used to establish an operation performance correlation analysis model of the drilling device based on the collected multi-dimensional operation data group, the stress distribution data group of the connection points, the tower body bearing data group, and the environmental parameter group, and calculate after training the operation performance correlation analysis model of the drilling device to obtain: the bit efficiency coefficient D dxs , the rotary head torque stability coefficient T atability , the drill pipe bending resistance coefficient K bend , the stress distribution coefficient S of the connection part joint and the derrick stress change coefficient E vc ;

[0116] The evaluation module is used to evaluate the bit efficiency coefficient D dxs , the rotary head torque stability coefficient T atability , the drill pipe bending resistance coefficient K bend , the stress distribution coefficient S of the connection part joint and the derrick stress change coefficient E vc respectively to obtain the corresponding test results, and generate the corresponding strategies based on the corresponding test results.

[0117] In this embodiment, by monitoring parameters such as the wear rate and temperature rise change of the bit, early warning can be carried out before the bit fails, avoiding shutdowns and equipment losses caused by bit damage. The rotary head is responsible for providing rotational motion and directly affects the rotational speed and footage of the bit. The instantaneous torque value and average torque value of the rotary head reflect its working state. If the torque of the rotary head is unstable, it may lead to discontinuity of the drilling operation and even equipment damage. The drill pipe bears large axial loads and bending forces during the drilling process, and it will vibrate during operation. The bending radius, vibration amplitude, and maximum stress of the drill pipe are the key indicators for judging whether the drill pipe is in a normal working state. If the drill pipe undergoes excessive bending or vibration, it may lead to fracture or sticking of the drill pipe, and in severe cases, it may even cause the entire drilling operation to stall. By real-time monitoring the stress and vibration conditions of the drill pipe, potential fatigue damage of the drill pipe can be detected in advance, and the operation mode can be adjusted or components can be replaced in a timely manner to avoid drilling accidents caused by drill pipe damage.

[0118] During the drilling operation, the connection parts of the drill bit, swivel head and drill pipe, as well as the stress state of the drill tower, directly affect the safety and service life of the equipment. Through the stress distribution acquisition module, the present invention monitors the stress at key connection points, the tower base and the tower top of the drill tower, effectively making up for the insufficient monitoring of these parts in the traditional technology. By collecting and analyzing the stress changes in real time, potential equipment failures can be predicted in advance, avoiding equipment failures or safety accidents caused by excessive stress.

[0119] Embodiment 2

[0120] Please refer to Figure 1 , specifically, the data acquisition module includes a drill bit data acquisition unit, a swivel head data acquisition unit, a drill pipe data acquisition unit and a summary unit;

[0121] The drill bit data acquisition unit is used to collect the operating parameters of the drill bit during the drilling operation, and the drill bit operating parameters include: the drill bit rotation speed ω, the drill bit axial load F z , the wear rate W r , the change in drill bit temperature rise ΔT and the penetration rate w per unit time of the drill bit m ;

[0122] The swivel head data acquisition unit is used to collect the operating parameters of the swivel head during the drilling operation, and the swivel head operating parameters include: the instantaneous torque value Tx of the swivel head collected for the jth time j and the average torque value

[0123] The drill pipe data acquisition unit is used to collect the operating parameters of the drill pipe during the drilling operation, and the drill pipe operating parameters include: the drill pipe axial load F g , the drill pipe length L, the vibration amplitude A of the drill pipe v , the vibration frequency f of the drill pipe v , the actual bending radius R of the drill pipe b and the maximum stress σ of the drill pipe max ;

[0124] The summary unit is used to summarize the data collected by the drill bit data acquisition unit, the swivel head data acquisition unit and the drill pipe data acquisition unit to form a multi-dimensional operation data group.

[0125] The multi-dimensional operation data group is obtained by collecting through optical encoders, force sensors, ultrasonic sensors, temperature sensors, displacement sensors, optical encoders, torque sensors, acceleration sensors and strain gauge sensors.

[0126] The stress distribution acquisition module includes a connection point stress distribution acquisition unit and a drill tower body stress acquisition unit;

[0127] The connection point stress distribution acquisition unit is used to install stress sensors at the connections of the drill bit, rotary head, and drill pipe, collect the stress data of the connection points in real time, and form a connection point stress distribution data set. The connection point stress distribution data set includes: the axial stress T of the connection point at the s-th point axial,s , the radial stress T radial,s and the tangential stress T tangential,s ;

[0128] The drill tower stress acquisition unit is used to install stress sensors at the base and top of the drill tower, collect the stress σ hase of the drill tower base and the stress σ top of the drill tower top, and form a tower body bearing data set. The tower body bearing data set also includes the following data: the wind speed value v at the base position wind1 , the wind speed value v at the drill tower top position wind2 , the radius r of the drill tower, the height h of the drill tower, the elastic modulus E of the drill tower material, and the moment of inertia I of the drill tower cross-section.

[0129] The tower body bearing data set is measured and obtained through the following acquisition devices: a wind speed sensor, a material testing instrument, and a laser scanner.

[0130] Example 3

[0131] Please refer to Figure 1 , the performance prediction and analysis module includes a preprocessing unit and a model establishment unit;

[0132] The preprocessing unit is used to preprocess the multi-dimensional operation data set, the connection point stress distribution data set, the tower body bearing data set, and the environmental parameter set. The preprocessing includes: denoising, smoothing, and data normalization;

[0133] The model establishment unit is used to establish an association analysis model for the operation performance of the drilling device using a machine learning algorithm. After selecting the features related to the operation performance of the drilling device from the multi-dimensional operation data set, the connection point stress distribution data set, the tower body bearing data set, and the environmental parameter set, through mathematical transformation, calculate and obtain: the bit efficiency coefficient D dxs , the rotary head torque stability coefficient T atability , the drill pipe bending resistance coefficient K bend , the stress distribution coefficient S of the connection part joint and the drill tower stress change coefficient E vc .

[0134] The bit efficiency coefficient D dxs is obtained through the following steps:

[0135] S11, S11, extract the bit rotation speed ω and the bit axial load F in the drill pipe operation parameters z , which are used to calculate the energy consumption required to break a unit volume of rock, and calculate the rock fragmentation energy Erb :

[0136] V r = π×(D / 2) 2 ×w m ;

[0137]

[0138] In the formula, V r represents the volume of rock broken per unit time, D represents the bit diameter. Here, the calculation of the volume of rock broken per unit time V r is carried out with the bit set as a cylindrical bit, w m represents the penetration rate of the bit per unit time, which is collected in real time by a penetration sensor, with the unit of m / s; ω is the rotational speed of the bit, with the unit of rad / s, and F z is the axial load of the bit;

[0139] The combination of the calculation of the specific energy of rock fragmentation E rb and the compressive strength of the rock can deeply analyze the drilling efficiency of different rock formations and adjust the drilling strategy in real time during the operation to improve the operation efficiency and reduce the cost.

[0140] S12, and based on the specific energy of rock fragmentation E in S11 rb , the rock fragmentation efficiency η is calculated and obtained through the following formula br ;

[0141]

[0142] S r = k s ×ρ r ×g×H;

[0143] In the formula, k s represents the rock type coefficient, and the value is specifically set according to different types of rocks, including: the rock type coefficient k of sandstone s is set to 1.0 - 2.0; the rock type coefficient k of shale s is set to 2.0 - 3.5; the rock type coefficient k of limestone s is set to 1.5 - 3.0; the rock type coefficient k of granite s is set to 3.5 - 5.0; the rock type coefficient k of basalt s is set to 4.0 - 6.0; the rock type coefficient of marble k s is set to 2.0 - 4.5; the rock type coefficient ks of clay layer is set to 0.5 - 1.5;

[0144] Among them, S r represents the compressive strength of the rock, ρ rdenotes the rock density, measured by a density sensor, with the unit of kg / m 3 ; g is the acceleration due to gravity, set to 9.8 m / s 2 , H is the drilling depth, with the unit of meters;

[0145] S13. Calculate the bit cutting energy consumption ratio E c :

[0146]

[0147] In the formula, w m denotes the penetration rate of the bit per unit time, ω is the rotational speed of the bit, and F z is the axial load of the bit;

[0148] S14. Extract the relationship between the formation temperature T g , the drilling fluid flow rate v m and the bit temperature change ΔT, and calculate the cooling efficiency ratio η through the following formula cool :

[0149]

[0150] Combined with the cooling efficiency ratio η cool , it can effectively evaluate the bit cooling effect, prevent premature wear or equipment failure caused by excessive temperature, and ensure that the equipment operates in the best working state.

[0151] S15. According to the bit wear efficiency W r and the maximum allowable wear rate W r,max , calculate the bit material life factor η mat , and the formula is as follows:

[0152]

[0153] S16. Based on the rock fragmentation efficiency η br , the bit cutting energy consumption ratio E c , the cooling efficiency ratio η cool and the bit material life factor η mat , after dimensionless processing, calculate the bit efficiency coefficient D through the following formula dxs :

[0154]

[0155] Among them, the bit cutting energy consumption ratio E c is in an inverse relationship, so it is in the denominator.

[0156] The calculation of the bit efficiency coefficient D dxs considers multi-dimensional influencing factors, including the rock fragmentation efficiency ηbr 、Bit cutting energy consumption ratio E c 、Cooling efficiency ratio η cool and bit material life factor η mat , Through comprehensive evaluation, it helps to optimize drilling parameters according to different geological conditions and construction requirements, reduce the load on the bit, extend the bit life, and improve the drilling efficiency.

[0157] Rotary head torque stability coefficient T atability is obtained through the following steps:

[0158] S21. Extract the instantaneous torque value Tx of the rotary head collected for the j-th time in the rotary head operating parameters from the multi-dimensional operating data set j and the average torque value Calculate the rotary head torque fluctuation ratio ΔTx through the following formula:

[0159]

[0160] In the formula, Tx j represents the instantaneous torque value of the rotary head collected for the j-th time, and M is the number of acquisition points of the rotary head instantaneous torque value; the rotary head torque fluctuation ratio ΔTx can evaluate the operating stability of the rotary head, provide real-time torque fluctuation data during drilling, provide a basis for further torque adjustment and optimization, help predict possible mechanical load fluctuations, and improve the service life of the equipment.

[0161] S22. Combine the rotary speed ω of the bit and the axial load F of the drill pipe g , Calculate and obtain the rotary head torque stability coefficient T through the following formula atability :

[0162]

[0163] Rotary head torque stability coefficient T atability Provides the linkage effect between the bit and the drill pipe, considers the relative change of torque, and further refines the performance monitoring of the rotary head.

[0164] Drill pipe bending resistance coefficient K bend is obtained through the following steps:

[0165] S31. Extract the actual bending radius R of the drill pipe in the drill pipe operating parameters from the multi-dimensional operating data set b and the drill pipe length L, and calculate the drill pipe bending amplitude Δθ through the following formula:

[0166]

[0167] By accurately measuring the bending degree of the drill pipe, the mechanical load of the drill pipe under working conditions can be judged, and stress concentration and damage caused by excessive bending can be avoided.

[0168] S32. Extract the vibration amplitude A of the drill pipe v , the vibration frequency f of the drill pipe v , and obtain the drill pipe vibration index η through the following formula vib :

[0169]

[0170] where A ref represents the reference vibration amplitude under normal working conditions; f ref is the reference vibration frequency of the drill pipe under normal working conditions; a1 and a2 represent weight coefficients, and the sum of the weights is 1;

[0171] Monitoring the vibration of the drill pipe helps to evaluate the vibration characteristics during the drilling process and avoid mechanical fatigue and decreased drilling efficiency caused by excessive vibration.

[0172] S33. Integrate the drill pipe bending amplitude Δθ, the maximum stress σ of the drill pipe max , the drilling depth H, the drill pipe vibration index η vib , the rock type coefficient k s and the rock density ρ r , and obtain the drill pipe bending resistance coefficient K through the following formula bend :

[0173]

[0174] The drill pipe bending resistance coefficient K bend is used to prevent excessive bending and fatigue of the drill pipe and improve the safety and efficiency of the drilling operation. The stress distribution coefficient S of the connection part joint is obtained through the following steps:

[0175] S41. Extract the axial stress T of the connection point, the radial stress T axial,s , and the tangential stress T of the s-th point in the connection point stress distribution data group radial,s , and obtain the standard deviation σ of the connection point axial stress through the following formula tangential,s , the standard deviation σ of the connection point radial stress axial and the standard deviation σ of the connection point tangential stress radial : tangential :

[0176]

[0177] In the formula, represents the average value of the axial stress of the connection point, N aIndicates the number of axial stress sampling points at the connection point; Indicates the average value of the radial stress at the connection point, N b Indicates the number of radial stress sampling points at the connection point; Indicates the average value of the tangential stress at the connection point, N c Indicates the number of tangential stress sampling points at the connection point; the greater the standard deviation fluctuation, the more uneven the stress distribution at the connection part;

[0178] S42. According to the standard deviation σ of the axial stress at the connection point axial , the standard deviation σ of the radial stress at the connection point radial and the standard deviation σ of the tangential stress at the connection point tangential , the stress distribution coefficient S of the connection part is calculated by the following formula joint :

[0179]

[0180] In the formula, σ axial,max , σ radial,max and σ angential,max respectively represent the maximum standard deviations of the axial, radial and tangential stresses at the connection point, b1, b2 and b3 represent the weight coefficients, and b1 + b2 + b3 = 1. Among multiple connection points, the standard deviation of the stress at each point is statistically analyzed respectively, and then the maximum value is found; the stress distribution coefficient S of the connection part joint Provides an accurate quantification of the stress distribution at the connection point, which helps to optimize the design of the connection part and avoid material fatigue or fracture caused by uneven stress.

[0181] The derrick stress change coefficient E vc is obtained through the following steps:

[0182] S51. Extract the wind speed values v at the tower base position wind1 and the wind speed values v at the derrick top position wind2 in the tower body bearing data group, and calculate the first wind pressure value P wind1 and the second wind pressure value P wind2 :

[0183]

[0184] In the formula, kp represents the air density;

[0185] S52. In wind energy science, the wind speed increases with the increase of height. According to the first wind pressure value P wind1 and the second wind pressure value P wind2 , the wind pressure distance coefficient K wind is calculated by the following formula

[0186]

[0187] Wherein, d1 and d2 are respectively the height from the ground to the base of the derrick and the height from the ground to the top of the derrick; the wind pressure distance coefficient K wind Evaluate the influence of wind pressure on the derrick, achieve an accurate analysis of the wind speed gradient, and ensure a comprehensive evaluation of the influence of wind pressure at different height positions on the stress of the derrick.

[0188] S53. Set the derrick to be cylindrical, with the wind pressure acting on the outside of the derrick, and collect the lateral surface area A of the derrick zt , and the calculation formula is:

[0189] A zt = 2πrh;

[0190] Wherein, r is the radius of the derrick and h is the height of the derrick;

[0191] S54. Collect the elastic modulus E of the derrick material and the moment of inertia I of the derrick cross-section, and calculate the derrick stiffness constant C through the following formula:

[0192]

[0193] S55. Extract the stress σ of the derrick base hase and the stress σ of the derrick top top , and combine the wind pressure distance coefficient K obtained in S52 - S54 wind , the lateral surface area A of the derrick zt and the derrick stiffness constant C. After dimensionless processing, calculate and obtain the derrick stress change coefficient E through the following formula vc :

[0194]

[0195] In the formula, 2 / (σ hase +σ top ) represents the average value of the stress σ hase of the derrick base and the stress σ top of the derrick top: the derrick stress change coefficient E vc is used to represent the relative change degree of the stress of the derrick under the action of wind pressure. The derrick stress change coefficient E vc quantifies the degree of influence of the derrick by wind pressure during actual operation, and avoids stress overload of the derrick under extreme weather conditions.

[0196] Example 4

[0197] Please refer to Figure 1 , specifically, the evaluation module includes a bit evaluation unit, a rotary head evaluation unit, a drill pipe evaluation unit, a connection part evaluation unit, and a derrick instability evaluation unit;

[0198] The bit evaluation unit is used to set the first threshold X1 and compare the bit efficiency coefficient D dxs with the first threshold X1 to obtain the first test result, including:

[0199] When the bit efficiency coefficient D dxs ≥ the first threshold X1, it indicates that the bit running state of the drilling device is normal, and the drilling operation continues;

[0200] When the bit efficiency coefficient D dxs < the first threshold X1, it indicates that the bit running state of the drilling device is abnormal, and the first alarm is triggered;

[0201] The source of the first threshold is: by statistically analyzing the relationship between bit energy consumption and rock-breaking efficiency in a large amount of drilling operation data, extracting the distribution intervals of bit efficiency coefficients in normal drilling states and abnormal states such as bit wear / clogging, and combining with the experience judgment of drilling engineering technicians, a reasonable lower limit threshold is determined. Referring to relevant operation specifications in the petroleum drilling and geological engineering industries, technical performance indicators and service life parameters provided by bit manufacturers, these standards usually give recommended opinions on the range of judgment values for bit performance degradation. This threshold is used to effectively distinguish the normal working state of the bit from the abnormal efficiency state, improving the stability and operation safety of the drilling process.

[0202] The swivel head evaluation unit is used to set the second threshold X2 and compare the swivel head torque smoothness coefficient T atability with the second threshold X2 to obtain the second test result, including:

[0203] When the swivel head torque smoothness coefficient T atability ≥ the second threshold X2, it indicates that the swivel head running state of the drilling device is normal, and the drilling operation continues;

[0204] When the swivel head torque smoothness coefficient T atability < the second threshold X2, it indicates that the swivel head running state of the drilling device is abnormal, and the second alarm is triggered;

[0205] The source of the second threshold is: by collecting and analyzing the swivel head torque change data of multiple drilling rigs under different drilling depths and formation conditions, extracting the distribution of torque smoothness coefficients in normal operating states and abnormal states such as sticking and jamming, and combining with the fault judgment experience of professional maintenance personnel, a critical judgment standard for torque fluctuation is determined. Referring to the vibration detection specifications of mechanical transmission equipment and the recommended limit values for torque fluctuation control by drilling rig manufacturers, this threshold is constructed to effectively identify the abnormal operation of the rotary mechanism, give early warnings in a timely manner, and prevent equipment damage or sticking accidents.

[0206] The drill pipe evaluation unit is used to set the third threshold X3 and compare the drill pipe bending resistance coefficient K bendCompare with the third threshold X3 to obtain the third test result, including:

[0207] When the drill pipe bending resistance coefficient K bend ≤ the third threshold X3, it indicates that the drill pipe running state of the drilling device is normal, and the drilling operation continues;

[0208] When the drill pipe bending resistance coefficient K bend > the third threshold X3, it indicates that the drill pipe running state of the drilling device is abnormal, and the third alarm is triggered;

[0209] The source of the third threshold is as follows: Based on a large amount of drill pipe vibration monitoring data, the vibration amplitude and frequency characteristics of different drill pipe structures in the normal working state and the bending fatigue state caused by misalignment, local compression, etc. are statistically analyzed, and the typical range of the drill pipe bending resistance coefficient is extracted. This process combines the finite element simulation analysis results and the data in the on-site fault sample library, and further determines the applicable critical judgment upper limit by engineers with rich experience. Refer to the drill pipe structure strength design specification, oil and gas drilling and production equipment safety assessment standard and other materials to determine this parameter interval. The threshold is used to identify the risk points of excessive drill pipe deformation or impending fatigue failure.

[0210] The connection part evaluation unit is used to set the fourth threshold X4, and compare the stress distribution coefficient S of the connection part joint with the fourth threshold X4 to obtain the fourth test result, including:

[0211] When the stress distribution coefficient S of the connection part joint ≤ the fourth threshold X4, it indicates that the stress distribution of the drill bit, swivel head and drill pipe connection of the drilling device is uniform during operation, and the drilling operation continues;

[0212] When the stress distribution coefficient S of the connection part joint > the fourth threshold X4, it indicates that the stress distribution of the drill bit, swivel head and drill pipe connection of the drilling device is uneven during operation, there is a risk of connection deformation or rupture, and the fourth alarm is triggered;

[0213] The source of the fourth threshold is as follows: By collecting and analyzing the multi-point stress monitoring data at the connection of the drill bit, swivel head and drill pipe, the distribution standard deviations of the axial, radial and tangential stresses in the normal connection state and the loose, offset or damaged state are statistically analyzed, and a unified stress distribution coefficient index is constructed. Combining the connection part fatigue failure mechanism in structural mechanics and the laboratory stress loading test results, the reasonable judgment upper limit of this coefficient is determined. At the same time, referring to the design specification of drilling equipment connectors and the failure case experience in the actual operation and maintenance process, this threshold is set to effectively identify the connection structure risks caused by uneven stress distribution and local stress concentration.

[0214] The derrick instability assessment unit is used to set the fifth threshold value X5 and compare the derrick stress change coefficient E vc with the fifth threshold value X5 to obtain the fifth test result, including:

[0215] When the derrick stress change coefficient E vc > the fifth threshold value X5, it indicates that the derrick of the drilling device has abnormal wind resistance during operation and there is a risk of instability, and a fifth alarm is issued;

[0216] When the derrick stress change coefficient E vc ≤ the fifth threshold value X5, it indicates that the derrick of the drilling device has normal wind resistance during operation, and the drilling operation continues.

[0217] The source of the fifth threshold value is to extract the typical distribution range of the stress change coefficient in the normal wind resistance operation state and the structural instability edge state through the actual measurement and simulation analysis of the stress change data of the derrick structure under various wind speeds and load conditions, and determine the critical upper limit in combination with the experience judgment method of structural engineers. This setting also refers to industry standards such as the "Code for Wind Resistance Design of Steel Structures" and the "Guidelines for Safety Assessment of Derrick Structures", as well as the wind load stress control parameters provided by the derrick manufacturer. This threshold value is used to accurately identify the instability risk existing in the derrick during operation, and ensure the structural safety and wind resistance stability of the entire drilling system.

[0218] In this embodiment, the evaluation module of the present invention effectively monitors the operation state of the equipment through multi-dimensional evaluation of each key part of the drilling device, triggers an alarm in a timely manner when an abnormal situation occurs, helps the operator take appropriate intervention measures, and ensures the safety and high efficiency of the drilling operation. At the same time, it prolongs the service life of the equipment, reduces the failure rate, and provides a reliable guarantee for the drilling operation.

[0219] Embodiment 5

[0220] Please refer to Figure 1 , specifically, the evaluation module further includes a strategy unit, and the strategy unit is used to generate corresponding strategies according to the first alarm, the second alarm, the third alarm, the fourth alarm and the fifth alarm, including:

[0221] Generate the first strategy according to the first alarm, including: reducing the current drill bit rotation speed by 10%-30%, reducing the current drill bit penetration rate by 10%-15% and increasing the current drilling fluid flow rate by 10%-15%. If the drill bit efficiency coefficient D dxs is still < the first threshold value X1, the drilling operation is interrupted, and the drill bit is replaced or maintained;

[0222] Generate a second strategy based on the second alarm, including: reducing the current drill bit rotation speed by 10%-30%, reducing the current rotary head torque output by 5%-15%, and increasing the current drilling fluid flow rate by 10%-15%. If the rotary head torque stability coefficient T atability is still < the second threshold X2, interrupt the drilling operation and replace or maintain the rotary head;

[0223] Generate a third strategy based on the third alarm, including: reducing the current drill bit rotation speed by 10%-30%, reducing the current drill bit penetration rate by 10%-15%, increasing the current drilling fluid flow rate by 10%-15%, and adjusting and reducing the length of the current drill pipe by 2-3 meters. If the drill pipe bending resistance coefficient K bend is still > the third threshold X3, interrupt the drilling operation and replace or maintain the drill pipe;

[0224] Generate a fourth strategy based on the fourth alarm, including: reducing the current drilling fluid flow rate by 7%-13% to reduce the stress fluctuation at the connection caused by the too-fast drilling fluid, and reducing the current drill bit penetration rate by 10%-15%. If the stress distribution coefficient S of the connection part joint is still > the fourth threshold X4, interrupt the drilling operation and replace or maintain the drill pipe;

[0225] Generate a fifth strategy based on the fifth alarm, including: reducing the current drill bit rotation speed by 10%-30%, reducing the current drill bit penetration rate by 10%-15%, and installing support beams on the drill tower foundation structure in stages, installing 1-2 support beams each time, until if the drill tower stress change coefficient E vc ≤ the fifth threshold X5.

[0226] In this embodiment, the first strategy prolongs the service life of the drill bit, reduces the maintenance cost, and reduces the downtime through real-time monitoring and optimization adjustment of the drill bit state. The second strategy can effectively reduce the load fluctuation of the rotary head and improve its operation stability by reducing the output torque of the rotary head, adjusting the drill bit speed, and increasing the drilling fluid flow rate. If the rotary head state remains abnormal, interrupt the operation in time and replace or maintain the rotary head to avoid further damage. The third strategy adjusts the drilling parameters and reduces the bending deformation of the drill pipe, prevents drill pipe failures, reduces the risks in the drilling operation, and ensures the safety of the equipment. The fourth strategy ensures that the connection part maintains a stable stress state during the operation, prevents equipment damage caused by excessive stress, and prolongs the service life of the equipment. The fifth strategy ensures its stability under the action of wind pressure. This strategy effectively reduces the risk of drill tower instability and reduces the risks during the operation by installing support beams in stages.

[0227] The setting of the threshold value is for the convenience of comparison. Regarding the size of the threshold value, it depends on the amount of sample data and the number of base values set by those skilled in the art for each group of sample data; as long as the proportional relationship between the parameter and the quantized value is not affected.

[0228] The above formulas are all obtained through software simulation by collecting a large amount of data and selecting a formula close to the true value. The coefficients in the formulas are set by those skilled in the art according to the actual situation. As mentioned above, the above is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, makes equivalent substitutions or changes, and should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A drilling device operation performance test system based on data acquisition, characterized in that, Including: A data acquisition module, configured to collect in real time the operation parameters of the drill bit, rotary head, and drill pipe during the drilling operation of the drilling device, and form a multi-dimensional operation data set; The stress distribution acquisition module is used to install stress sensors at the joints of the drill bit, the swivel head and the drill pipe to collect the stress data of the connection points in real time and form a stress distribution data group of the connection points; and install stress sensors at the base and the top of the drill tower to collect the stress σ hase of the base of the drill tower and the stress σ top of the top of the drill tower to form a tower body bearing data group; The drilling environment acquisition module is used to collect the volume of rock broken per unit time V in real time during the drilling operation r , the rock type coefficient k s , the rock density ρ r , the drilling depth H and the formation temperature T g , and form an environmental parameter group; A performance prediction and analysis module, which is used to establish an operation performance correlation analysis model of the drilling device based on the collected multi-dimensional operation data groups, connection point stress distribution data groups, tower body bearing data groups, and environmental parameter groups, and calculate the following after training the operation performance correlation analysis model of the drilling device: bit efficiency coefficient D dxs , rotary head torque stability coefficient T atability , drill pipe bending resistance coefficient K bend , stress distribution coefficient S of the connection part joint and derrick stress change coefficient E vc ; An evaluation module for evaluating the drill bit efficiency coefficient D dxs , the rotary head torque stability coefficient T atability , the drill pipe bending resistance coefficient K bend , the stress distribution coefficient S of the connection part joint and the derrick stress change coefficient E vc respectively, to obtain corresponding test results and generate corresponding strategies based on the corresponding test results.

2. The operation performance testing system of a drilling device based on data acquisition according to claim 1, wherein The data acquisition module includes a drill bit data acquisition unit, a rotary head data acquisition unit, a drill pipe data acquisition unit, and a summarization unit; The drill bit data acquisition unit is used to collect the operating parameters of the drill bit during the drilling operation of the drilling rig. The operating parameters of the drill bit include: the rotational speed ω of the drill bit, the axial load F of the drill bit z , the wear rate W r , the change in temperature rise ΔT of the drill bit, and the footage speed w of the drill bit per unit time m ; The rotary head data acquisition unit is used to collect the operating parameters of the rotary head during the drilling operation of the drilling rig. The operating parameters of the rotary head include: the instantaneous torque value Tx of the rotary head collected for the j-th time j and the average torque value The drill pipe data acquisition unit is used to collect the operation parameters of the drill pipe during the drilling operation of the drilling device. The operation parameters of the drill pipe include: the axial load F of the drill pipe g , the length L of the drill pipe, the vibration amplitude A of the drill pipe v , the vibration frequency f of the drill pipe v , the actual bending radius R of the drill pipe b , and the maximum stress σ of the drill pipe max ; The summarization unit is configured to summarize the data collected by the drill bit data acquisition unit, the rotary head data acquisition unit, and the drill pipe data acquisition unit, and form a multi-dimensional operation data set.

3. The operating performance test system of a drilling device based on data acquisition according to claim 1, characterized in that, The stress distribution acquisition module includes a connection point stress distribution acquisition unit and a drill tower body stress acquisition unit; The connection point stress distribution acquisition unit is used to install stress sensors at the connections of the drill bit, the rotary head, and the drill pipe, and collect the stress data of the connection points in real time to form a connection point stress distribution data set. The connection point stress distribution data set includes: the axial stress T of the connection point at the s-th point axial,s , the radial stress T radial,s , and the tangential stress T tangential,s ; The derrick tower body stress acquisition unit is used to install stress sensors at the derrick tower base and the tower top, and collect the stress σ of the derrick tower base hase and the stress σ of the derrick tower top top , forming a tower body bearing data group. The tower body bearing data group further includes the following data: the wind speed value v at the tower base position wind1 , the wind speed value v at the derrick tower top position wind2 , the radius r of the derrick, the height h of the derrick, the elastic modulus E of the derrick material, and the moment of inertia I of the derrick cross-section.

4. A drilling device operation performance test system based on data acquisition according to claim 1, characterized in that, The performance prediction and analysis module includes a preprocessing unit and a model establishment unit; The preprocessing unit is configured to preprocess the multi-dimensional operation data set, the connection point stress distribution data set, the tower body bearing data set, and the environmental parameter set. The preprocessing includes: denoising, smoothing, and data normalization; The model establishment unit is used to establish a correlation analysis model for the operating performance of the drilling device by using machine learning algorithms. After selecting the features related to the operating performance of the drilling device from the multi-dimensional operating data group, the stress distribution data group of the connection points, the tower bearing data group, and the environmental parameter group, through mathematical transformation, the following are calculated and obtained: the bit efficiency coefficient D dxs , the torque stability coefficient T of the rotary head atability , the drill pipe bending resistance coefficient K bend , the stress distribution coefficient S of the connection part joint and the drill tower stress change coefficient E vc .

5. The operation performance test system of a drilling device based on data acquisition according to claim 2, characterized in that, The bit efficiency coefficient D dxs is obtained through the following steps: S11. Extract the bit rotation speed ω and the bit axial load F in the drill pipe operation parameters, which are used to calculate the energy consumption required to break a unit volume of rock and calculate the rock breakage specific energy E z , for calculating the energy consumption required to break a unit volume of rock and calculating the rock breakage specific energy E rb : V r = π × (D / 2) 2 × w m ; where V r represents the volume of rock broken per unit time, D represents the bit diameter, and here the volume of rock broken per unit time V r is calculated with a cylindrical bit. w m represents the penetration rate of the bit per unit time, which is collected in real time by a penetration sensor and has the unit of m / s; ω is the rotational speed of the drill bit, with the unit of rad / s, and F z is the axial load of the drill bit; S12. And based on the specific energy of rock fragmentation E in S11 rb , the rock fragmentation efficiency η is calculated and obtained through the following formula br ; S r = k s × ρ r × g × H; Where k s represents the rock type coefficient, S r represents the uniaxial compressive strength of the rock, ρ r represents the rock density, measured by a density sensor, with the unit of kg / m 3 ; g is the acceleration due to gravity, set to 9.8 m / s 2 , H is the drilling depth, with the unit of meter; S13. Calculate the bit cutting energy consumption ratio E c : where w m represents the penetration rate of the drill bit per unit time, ω is the rotational speed of the drill bit, and F z is the axial load on the drill bit; S14. Extract the formation temperature T in the middle g , the flow rate v of the drilling fluid m and the relationship between the temperature change ΔT of the drill bit, and calculate the cooling efficiency ratio η through the following formula cool : S15. Calculate the drill bit material life factor η r based on the drill bit wear efficiency W r,max and the maximum allowable wear rate W mat . The formula is as follows: S16. According to the rock fragmentation efficiency η obtained by calculation in S11 - S15 br , the bit cutting energy consumption ratio E c , the cooling efficiency ratio η cool and the bit material life factor η mat , after dimensionless processing, the bit efficiency coefficient D is obtained by calculating with the following formula dxs : Among them, the bit cutting energy consumption ratio E c is in an inverse relationship, so it is in the denominator.

6. The operation performance testing system of a drilling device based on data acquisition according to claim 2, wherein The torque stability coefficient T of the rotating head atability is obtained through the following steps: S21. Extract the instantaneous torque value Tx of the rotating head collected for the j-th time and the average torque value from the operating parameters of the rotating head in the multi-dimensional operating data group. j and the average torque value Calculate the torque fluctuation ratio ΔTx of the rotating head through the following formula: Where Tx j represents the instantaneous torque value of the rotating head at the j-th acquisition, and M is the number of acquisition points of the instantaneous torque value of the rotating head; S22. Combine the drill bit rotation speed ω and the drill pipe axial load F g , and obtain the rotation head torque stability coefficient T by calculating with the following formula atability : The bending resistance coefficient K of the drill pipe bend is obtained through the following steps: S31. Extract the actual bending radius R of the drill pipe among the drill pipe operation parameters in the multi-dimensional operation data group b and the drill pipe length L, and calculate the bending amplitude Δθ of the drill pipe through the following formula: S32. Extract the vibration amplitude A of the drill pipe v , the vibration frequency f of the drill pipe v , and calculate the vibration index η of the drill pipe through the following formula vib : Among them, A ref represents the reference vibration amplitude under normal operation; f ref is the reference vibration frequency of the drill pipe under normal operation; a1 and a2 represent weight coefficients, and the sum of the weights is 1; S33. Synthesize the drill pipe bending amplitude Δθ, the maximum stress σ of the drill pipe max , the drilling depth H, the drill pipe vibration index η vib , the rock type coefficient k s and the rock density ρ r , and obtain the drill pipe bending resistance coefficient K through the following formula bend :

7. The operation performance test system of a drilling device based on data acquisition according to claim 2, characterized in that The stress distribution coefficient S of the connection part joint is obtained through the following steps: S41. Extract the axial stress T, radial stress T, and tangential stress T of the s-th point in the connection point stress distribution data set, and calculate and obtain the standard deviation σ of the axial stress of the connection point, the standard deviation σ of the radial stress of the connection point, and the standard deviation σ of the tangential stress of the connection point through the following formulas: axial,s The radial stress T radial,s And the tangential stress T rangential,s , calculate and obtain the standard deviation σ of the axial stress of the connection point through the following formula axial , the standard deviation σ of the radial stress of the connection point radial And the standard deviation σ of the tangential stress of the connection point tanggential : In the formula, represents the average value of the axial stress at the connection point, N a represents the number of sampling points of the axial stress at the connection point; represents the average value of the radial stress at the connection point, N b represents the number of sampling points of the radial stress at the connection point; represents the average value of the tangential stress at the connection point, N c represents the number of sampling points of the tangential stress at the connection point; The greater the standard deviation fluctuation, the more uneven the stress distribution at the connection part; S42. According to the axial stress standard deviation σ of the connection point axial , the radial stress standard deviation σ of the connection point radial , and the tangential stress standard deviation σ of the connection point tangential , the stress distribution coefficient S of the connection part is calculated by the following formula joint : Where, σ axial,max , σ radial,max and σ angential,max respectively represent the maximum standard deviations of the axial, radial and tangential stresses at the connection points, and b1, b2 and b3 represent the weight coefficients.

8. The operation performance test system of a drilling device based on data acquisition according to claim 2, wherein, The derrick stress change coefficient E vc is obtained through the following steps: S51. Extract the wind speed value v at the tower base position in the tower body bearing data group wind1 and the wind speed value v at the top position of the derrick wind2 , and calculate the first wind pressure value P wind1 and the second wind pressure value P wind2 : In the formula, kp represents the air density; S52. In wind energy science, the wind speed increases with the increase of height. Based on the first wind pressure value P wind1 and the second wind pressure value P wind2 , the wind pressure distance coefficient K wind is calculated through the following formula: In the formula, d1 and d2 are respectively the height from the ground to the drill tower base and the height from the ground to the drill tower top; S53. Set the derrick to be cylindrical, with the wind pressure acting on the outside of the derrick, and collect the lateral surface area A of the derrick zt , and the calculation formula is: A zt = 2πrh; Wherein, r is the radius of the drill tower, and h is the height of the drill tower; S54. Collect the elastic modulus E of the drill tower material and the moment of inertia I of the drill tower cross-section, and calculate the drill tower stiffness constant C through the following formula: S55. Extract the stress σ of the drill tower base hase and the stress σ of the drill tower top top , combine with the wind pressure distance coefficient K obtained in S52 - S54 wind , the lateral surface area A of the drill tower zt and the drill tower stiffness constant C. After dimensionless treatment, the drill tower stress change coefficient E is calculated through the following formula vc : Wherein, 2 / (σ hase + σ top ) represents the average value of the stress σ hase of the derrick base and the stress σ top of the derrick top: The derrick stress change coefficient E vc is used to represent the relative change degree of the stress of the derrick under the action of wind pressure.

9. A drilling device operation performance test system based on data acquisition according to claim 1, characterized in that The evaluation module includes a drill bit evaluation unit, a rotary head evaluation unit, a drill pipe evaluation unit, a connection part evaluation unit, and a drill tower instability evaluation unit; The drill bit evaluation unit is used to set a first threshold X1 and compare the drill bit efficiency coefficient D dxs with the first threshold X1 to obtain a first test result, including: When the bit efficiency coefficient D dxs ≥ the first threshold value X1, it indicates that the bit operating state of the drilling device is normal, and the drilling operation continues; When the bit efficiency coefficient D dxs is less than the first threshold value X1, it indicates that the operating state of the bit of the drilling device is abnormal, and a first alarm is triggered; The rotary head evaluation unit is used to set a second threshold X2 and compare the rotary head torque smoothness coefficient T atability with the second threshold X2 to obtain a second test result, including: When the rotation head torque stability coefficient T atability ≥ the second threshold value X2, it indicates that the rotation head of the drilling device is operating normally, and the drilling operation continues; When the rotation head torque stability coefficient T atability is less than the second threshold value X2, it indicates that the operation state of the rotation head of the drilling device is abnormal, and a second alarm is triggered; The drill pipe evaluation unit is used to set a third threshold value X3 and compare the drill pipe bending resistance coefficient K bend with the third threshold value X3 to obtain a third test result, including: When the drill pipe bending resistance coefficient K bend ≤ the third threshold value X3, it indicates that the running state of the drill pipe of the drilling device is normal, and the drilling operation continues; When the drill pipe bending resistance coefficient K bend > the third threshold value X3, indicating that the running state of the drill pipe of the drilling device is abnormal, triggering a third alarm; The connection part evaluation unit is used to set a fourth threshold value X4 and compare the stress distribution coefficient S of the connection part joint with the fourth threshold value X4 to obtain a fourth test result, including: When the stress distribution coefficient S of the connection part joint ≤ the fourth threshold value X4, it indicates that the stress distribution at the bit, swivel head and drill pipe connection of the drilling device is uniform during operation, and the drilling operation continues; When the stress distribution coefficient S of the connection part joint > the fourth threshold value X4, it indicates that the stress distribution at the bit, swivel head and drill pipe connection of the drilling device is uneven during operation, there is a risk of deformation or rupture at the connection, and the fourth alarm is triggered; The derrick instability assessment unit is used to set a fifth threshold value X5 and compare the derrick stress change coefficient E vc with the fifth threshold value X5 to obtain a fifth test result, including: When the derrick stress change coefficient E vc > the fifth threshold value X5, indicating that the derrick of the drilling rig has abnormal wind resistance during operation and there is a risk of instability, and issue a fifth alarm; When the derrick stress change coefficient E vc ≤ the fifth threshold value X5, it indicates that the derrick of the drilling rig has normal wind resistance during operation, and the drilling operation continues.

10. The performance test system for a drilling device based on data acquisition according to claim 9, wherein, The evaluation module further includes a strategy unit, and the strategy unit is configured to generate corresponding strategies according to the first alarm, the second alarm, the third alarm, the fourth alarm, and the fifth alarm, including: Generate a first strategy based on the first alarm, including: reducing the current drill bit rotation speed by 10%-30%, reducing the current drill bit penetration rate by 10%-15%, and increasing the current drilling fluid flow rate by 10%-15%. If the drill bit efficiency coefficient D dxs is still < the first threshold value X1, then interrupt the drilling operation and replace or maintain the drill bit; Generate a second strategy based on the second alarm, including: reducing the current drill bit rotation speed by 10% - 30%, reducing the current rotary head torque output by 5% - 15%, and increasing the current drilling fluid flow rate by 10% - 15%. If the rotary head torque stability coefficient T atability is still < the second threshold value X2, then interrupt the drilling operation and replace or maintain the rotary head; Generate a third strategy based on the third alarm, including: reducing the current drill bit rotation speed by 10% - 30%, reducing the current drill bit penetration rate by 10% - 15%, increasing the current drilling fluid flow rate by 10% - 15%, and adjusting and reducing the length of the current drill pipe by 2 - 3 meters. If the drill pipe bending resistance coefficient K bend is still > the third threshold value X3, then interrupt the drilling operation and replace or maintain the drill pipe; Generate the fourth strategy based on the fourth alarm, including: reducing the current drilling fluid flow rate by 7%-13% to reduce the stress fluctuation at the connection caused by the too-fast drilling fluid, and reducing the current bit penetration rate by 10%-15%. If the stress distribution coefficient S joint of the connection is still > the fourth threshold X4, interrupt the drilling operation and replace or maintain the drill pipe; Generate a fifth strategy based on the fifth alarm, including: reducing the current drill bit rotation speed by 10%-30%, reducing the current drill bit penetration rate by 10%-15%, and installing support beams on the drill tower foundation structure in stages, installing 1-2 support beams each time until the drill tower stress change coefficient E vc ≤ the fifth threshold value X5.

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