Roof hoisting positioning design method

Abstract

The invention discloses a roof hoisting positioning design method which comprises the following steps: creating a main body model according to a roof main body drawing; the main body model comprises a building structure model, an electromechanical equipment model and a pipeline system model; planning the arrangement of the suspenders in advance in the main body model, so that the positions, the spacing and the depth of the placed suspenders meet the working condition requirements, and generating a final suspender model; exporting a suspender CAD drawing according to the suspender model; before a concrete structure is constructed, an embedded part is placed in a floor or a beam according to the attribute information of the suspender in a suspender CAD drawing. The positioning precision of the suspender can be effectively improved, the construction process is simplified, the construction period is shortened, and structural damage and roof leakage caused by repeated drilling are avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of building construction, and particularly to a roof hoisting positioning design method. Background Art

[0002] Traditional pipeline hoisting techniques usually involve fixing on a concrete structure that has been poured, by using expansion bolts and then installing a suspension rod to complete the hanging construction. The specific operation process is as follows: drilling holes on the surface of a concrete beam or floor slab, inserting expansion bolts, and anchoring them to the inner wall of the concrete through the expansion force, and then connecting metal suspension rods to support systems such as pipelines, air ducts or cable trays. This method is relatively simple in construction and was widely used in early buildings.

[0003] For roof projects, if the above-mentioned hoisting technique is adopted, due to the limited thickness of the roof slab, the installation of expansion bolts may damage the slab surface. Especially in the case of multiple drilling, it is extremely easy to cause leakage at the bolt positions, ultimately resulting in roof leakage. There are problems such as inaccurate positioning caused by the post-drilling method, resulting in frequent drilling, insufficient drilling depth, and inconvenient detection. Therefore, to solve the above problems, a roof hoisting positioning design method is needed, which can effectively improve the positioning accuracy of the suspension rod, simplify the construction process and shorten the construction period, and avoid structural damage and roof leakage caused by multiple drilling. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a roof hoisting positioning design method, which can effectively improve the positioning accuracy of the suspension rod, simplify the construction process and shorten the construction period, and avoid structural damage and roof leakage caused by multiple drilling.

[0005] The roof hoisting positioning design method of the present invention includes:

[0006] Creating a main model according to the roof main drawing; the main model includes a building structure model, an electromechanical equipment model, and a pipeline system model;

[0007] Planning the layout of the suspension rods in advance in the main model, so that the positions, spacings, and depths of the placed suspension rods meet the working conditions requirements, and generating a final suspension rod model;

[0008] Exporting the suspension rod CAD drawing according to the suspension rod model;

[0009] Before the concrete structure construction, placing embedded parts in the floor slab or beam according to the attribute information of the suspension rods in the suspension rod CAD drawing.

[0010] Furthermore, creating a main model according to the roof main drawing specifically includes:

[0011] The drawing recognition engine recognizes and semantically analyzes the architectural, structural, and equipment floor plans in CAD or PDF format;

[0012] Extract key component data, equipment names and positioning points, pipeline endpoints, and equipment numbers, and structure the two-dimensional drawing information into a data table that can be used for BIM modeling;

[0013] Set up a modeling rule library for roof structural components, and combine the data of the structural floor plan and the structural section drawing to derive the position, elevation, and height of the structural components, and generate a preliminary structural model;

[0014] Utilize the mechanical and electrical model specification template, and automatically arrange fan coil units, fans, and condensers according to the equipment positioning points and installation parameters;

[0015] Adopt a path optimization algorithm to automatically generate the pipeline routing path, and real-time detect the collision relationship between the equipment pipelines and the structural components, and adjust the routing path;

[0016] According to the equipment load, size, center of gravity, and operating vibration conditions, preset the liftable points or deployable areas;

[0017] Output a unified roof main model file and generate corresponding supporting data; the supporting data includes an equipment list, a lifting requirement list, a pipeline attribute table, and a component number table.

[0018] Furthermore, generate the final hanger model, specifically including:

[0019] Extract the components to be lifted from the main model; based on the component load and the specified spacing requirements, calculate the theoretical number of lifting points and the falling position interval of the lifting points; among them, avoid the distribution area of the main structural reinforcement bars, and judge whether the beams and slabs have sufficient anchorage depth and space to avoid passing through the slab or being close to the holes;

[0020] Combined with the center line data of the beam and slab, adopt a path planning algorithm to find the optimal lifting points; adjust the hanger parameters according to the spatial parameters, anchorage depth, and lifting object; the hanger parameters include rod diameter, length, lifting method, and anti-sway support;

[0021] Set the number, service object, pipeline number, and embedded part type to form a three-dimensional parametric hanger model.

[0022] Furthermore, calculate the theoretical number of lifting points and the falling position interval of the lifting points, specifically including:

[0023] Obtain the general lifting constraint parameters and the lifting component parameters; the general constraint parameters include the maximum allowable hanger spacing and the hanger support type; the lifting component parameters include the total length, unit length weight, installation elevation, the equipment number to which it belongs, and the start and end coordinates;

[0024] Determine the theoretical number of suspension points N according to the following formula:

[0025]

[0026] where L represents the total length of the hoisting member, and d max represents the maximum allowable boom spacing;

[0027] Project the hoisting member onto the XY plane, evenly divide the projection line into n sections, and determine the suspension point positioning interval according to the following formula:

[0028] [x i -Δd, x i +Δd];

[0029] where X0 represents the value of the starting coordinate of the hoisting member in the X direction, i = 0, 1, 2,..., n - 1; Δd is the set tolerance distance.

[0030] Furthermore, export the CAD drawings of the booms, specifically including:

[0031] Use the shared parameters or project parameters in the BIM software to uniformly code and classify each boom;

[0032] Create a regular view in BIM, and use the view template to control the layer, scale, visibility, and component style; among them, for the area with dense booms, automatically insert section symbols and generate detail views;

[0033] In the generated view, use the API or BIM plug-in to automatically add boom number tags, automatically label the installation elevation, and automatically mark the boom length, spacing, and connection type; and synchronously mark the embedded part type and position number on the drawing;

[0034] All generated views are exported in the DWG or DXF format, and batch output is performed using the Sheet layout set in BIM; among them, the drawing folders are classified according to the boom type, and the structure index information is attached when the drawings are exported; synchronously export the boom bill of quantities, and the numbers correspond one by one with the boom numbers in the CAD drawings.

[0035] Furthermore, place the embedded parts in the floor slab or beam according to the attribute information of the booms in the boom CAD drawings, specifically including:

[0036] Import the plane coordinates in the boom CAD drawings into a total station or GNSS layout instrument, where the positioning points can directly punch, drill holes, or set marks on the template;

[0037] Before concrete pouring, fix the embedded parts of the corresponding models according to the positioning holes or punctuation marks; among them, for the embedded parts of channel steel and casing types, pre-set positioning support frames to prevent displacement;

[0038] Number all the embedded parts and correspond them one by one with the drawings, and take photos for record;

[0039] After pouring is completed, conduct a remeasurement to ensure that the deviation is within the allowable range, and transmit the measured coordinates back through BIM software to form an installation closed-loop.

[0040] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: A roof hoisting positioning design method disclosed by the present invention, by using BIM software, pre-establishes a building structure model, an electromechanical equipment model, and a pipeline system model, and the spatial position and orientation of the pipeline can be visually displayed by the visualization of the model; by pre-planning the layout of the suspender in the model, to ensure that the position, spacing, and depth of the placed suspender model meet the working conditions requirements, thereby realizing the precise positioning of the suspender, and before the concrete structure construction, place the embedded parts in the floor slab or beam according to the position of the suspender in the model, to replace the traditional method of drilling and installing expansion bolts in the later stage of construction, thus avoiding the structural damage and roof leakage caused by multiple drilling. Description of the Drawings

[0041] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments:

[0042] Figure 1 It is a schematic flow diagram of the hoisting positioning design method of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the creation of the main model of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the creation of the suspender model of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the CAD drawing of the suspender layout of the present invention. Specific Embodiments

[0046] The following further describes the present invention in conjunction with the drawings of the specification, as shown in the figure:

[0047] This embodiment discloses a roof hoisting positioning design method, including the following steps:

[0048] S1. According to the roof main drawing, create a main model; the main model includes a building structure model, an electromechanical equipment model, and a pipeline system model;

[0049] S2. Pre-plan the layout of the suspenders in the main model, so that the position, spacing, and depth of the placed suspenders meet the working conditions requirements, and generate the final suspender model;

[0050] S3. Derive the CAD drawings of the suspension rods according to the suspension rod model;

[0051] S4. Before the construction of the concrete structure, place the embedded parts in the floor slab or beam according to the attribute information of the suspension rods in the CAD drawings of the suspension rods.

[0052] In this embodiment, in step S1, as Figure 2 shown, use BIM modeling software, such as Revit and / or Tekla, to construct a complete three-dimensional main model based on the two-dimensional construction drawings and technical data provided by the architectural design unit. This model covers the building structure model related to the roof, the mechanical and electrical equipment model, and the pipeline system model; the building structure model includes beams, slabs, columns, parapets, and profiled steel sheets; the mechanical and electrical equipment model includes fresh air fans, exhaust fans, fan coils, condensing equipment, and air handling units; the pipeline system model includes air ducts, water pipes, and cable trays.

[0053] Create a main model according to the roof main drawings, specifically including:

[0054] Use a drawing recognition engine to recognize and semantically analyze the architectural, structural, and equipment floor plans in CAD or PDF format;

[0055] Automatically extract the key component data, equipment names and positioning points, pipeline endpoints, and equipment numbers; the key components include beams, slabs, columns, holes, and parapets; structure the two-dimensional drawing information into data tables available for BIM modeling, such as component lists, coordinate tables, and pipeline layout lists;

[0056] Set up a modeling rule library for roof structural components, and the rule library includes information such as the parapet height = 500mm and the secondary beam span is not greater than half of the main beam; combine the data of the structural plane layout drawing and the structural section drawing to deduce the positions, elevations, and heights of the structural components, and generate a preliminary structural model;

[0057] Use the mechanical and electrical model specification template to automatically arrange the fan coils, fans, and condensers according to the equipment positioning points and installation parameters;

[0058] Adopt a path optimization algorithm, such as a guiding line algorithm based on BIM rule constraints, to automatically generate the pipeline routing path, real-time detect the collision relationship between the equipment pipelines and the structural components, and adjust the layout path; preset the liftable points or deployable areas according to the equipment load, size, center of gravity, and operating vibration conditions;

[0059] Output a unified roof main model file, such as in Revit or IFC format; and generate the corresponding supporting data; the supporting data includes equipment lists, lifting requirement lists, pipeline attribute tables, and component number tables.

[0060] By constructing the above multi - professional integrated model, it is possible to achieve spatial coordination analysis and conflict detection among various parts, providing an accurate basis for spatial conditions, loads, and installation conditions for subsequent hanger layout. This modeling process can not only highly restore the design intention but also create an intuitive and visual collaborative environment for precisely arranging hangers. Especially in areas such as the roof where the structural layer is thin, the waterproof requirement is high, and the equipment density is large, the present invention uses digital modeling means to pre - control the structural conditions and obstacle positions in advance, thereby effectively improving the rationality and scientific nature of subsequent hanger layout.

[0061] In this embodiment, in step S2, as Figure 3 shown, in the integrated main model environment, based on the layout direction of the pipeline system, equipment weight, installation method, and maintenance space requirements, designers conduct intelligent layout of hanger points. This hanger layout scheme determines the load - bearing grade, layout spacing, anchoring depth, and connection form of the hangers according to the design specifications under actual working conditions and in combination with the equipment load distribution.

[0062] Generate the final hanger model, specifically including:

[0063] Extract the components to be hoisted from the main model, such as air ducts, cable trays, water pipes, fresh air fans, etc.; calculate the theoretical number of hanging points and the hanging point positioning intervals based on the component loads and the specified spacing requirements;

[0064] Among them, calculating the theoretical number of hanging points and the hanging point positioning intervals specifically includes:

[0065] Obtain the general hoisting constraint parameters and the hoisting component parameters; the general constraint parameters include the maximum allowable hanger spacing and the hanger support type; the hoisting component parameters include the total length, unit length weight, installation elevation, equipment number to which it belongs, and start - end coordinates;

[0066] Determine the theoretical number of hanging points N according to the following formula:

[0067]

[0068] where L represents the total length of the hoisting component, and d max represents the maximum allowable hanger spacing;

[0069] Project the hoisting component onto the XY plane, evenly divide n sections on the projection line, and determine the hanging point positioning interval according to the following formula:

[0070] [x i -Δd, x i +Δd];

[0071] where, X0 represents the value of the starting coordinate of the hoisting member in the X direction, where i = 0, 1, 2,..., n - 1; Δd is the set tolerance distance, and the tolerance distance can be set according to the actual working conditions. For example, Δd takes a value of 0.15m.

[0072] Avoid the distribution area of the main structural reinforcement bars, judge whether the beams and slabs have sufficient anchorage depth and space, and avoid passing through the slab or approaching the holes; combined with the center line data of the beams and slabs, use path planning algorithms such as the dynamic grid method and the regular sliding window to find the optimal lifting points.

[0073] Adjust the boom parameters according to the space parameters, anchorage depth, and hoisting object; the boom parameters include the rod diameter, length, hoisting method, and anti-sway support; set the number, service object, pipeline number, and embedded part type to form a three-dimensional parametric boom model.

[0074] In this embodiment, in step S3, as Figure 4 shown, based on the generated three-dimensional boom model, two-dimensional CAD drawings can be generated with one key, including the plane positioning drawing of the boom, elevation details, node details, and boom list. Each boom's number, installation position (X, Y coordinates), height elevation (Z coordinate), anchorage depth, applicable equipment type, connection method, embedded part specifications and other attribute information are clearly marked on the drawings to ensure that the information is readable, retrievable, and verifiable.

[0075] Export the boom CAD drawings, specifically including:

[0076] Use the shared parameters or project parameters in the BIM software to uniformly code and classify each boom for automatic identification during export.

[0077] Create regular views in BIM, such as "boom positioning plan view", "boom detail view", "section view", etc.; use view templates to control layers, scales, visibility, and component styles to ensure the standardization of view output; among them, for dense boom areas, automatically insert section symbols and generate detail views.

[0078] In the generated views, use the API or BIM plug-in to automatically add boom number tags, automatically mark the installation elevation (extract the Z coordinate from the model), and automatically mark the boom length, spacing, and connection type; among them, synchronize the embedded part type and position number to the drawings.

[0079] All generated views are exported in the way of Export to DWG / DXF, and batch output is carried out by using the Sheet layout set in BIM. Among them, according to the types of suspender bars, such as ventilation, fire protection, water heating, etc., the drawing folders are classified. When the drawings are exported, structural index information is attached, such as floor, area, drawing number, and summary table of suspender bars. The bill of quantities of suspender bars (Excel or database) is exported synchronously, and it corresponds one by one with the suspender bar numbers in the CAD drawings through the numbers.

[0080] The above method eliminates the traditional discontinuous mode of two-dimensional design - manual conversion - on-site execution, realizes the data closed-loop of model-driven construction drawings, and improves the informatization management level and execution efficiency of the hoisting project.

[0081] In this embodiment, in step S4, the installation work of the embedded parts is advanced to be completed before the concrete pouring. According to the CAD drawings and the suspender bar coordinate data, the construction personnel use a total station or a laser spot projector to calibrate the positions of the embedded parts on the formwork, and then accurately install the corresponding anchoring embedded parts, such as screw sleeves, perforated steel plates, anchor box, etc., at the specified positions and carry out temporary fixation.

[0082] Place the embedded parts in the floor slab or beam according to the attribute information of the suspender bars in the suspender bar CAD drawings, specifically including:

[0083] Import the plane coordinates in the suspender bar CAD drawings into a total station or a GNSS layout instrument. Among them, the positioning points can directly punch holes, drill holes or set marks on the formwork;

[0084] Before the concrete pouring, fix the corresponding types of embedded parts according to the positioning holes or punctuation marks. Among them, for embedded parts such as channel steel and casing, positioning support frames are preset to prevent displacement;

[0085] Correspond the numbers of all embedded parts with the drawings one by one, and take photos for record. After the pouring is completed, conduct a remeasurement to ensure that the deviation is within the allowable range. Transmit the measured coordinates back through the BIM software or the quality platform to form an installation closed-loop.

[0086] After the pouring is completed, the embedded parts are firmly embedded in the floor slab or beam body to form a reliable hoisting connection foundation. Compared with the traditional post-drilling installation method, this method avoids common quality problems such as concrete damage caused by drilling, insufficient bolt anchoring force, and plate surface leakage. It is especially suitable for application scenarios with a relatively thin roof structure and high waterproof requirements. This embedded installation method greatly reduces the later construction difficulty, improves the installation accuracy and process coordination, and is a more scientific, efficient and controllable pre-treatment method for hoisting.

[0087] The present invention pre-plans the arrangement of suspender bars and embeds connecting members before concrete construction, replacing the traditional post-drilling installation method. Since the positions of the suspender bars are determined before concrete pouring, it can effectively reduce the errors caused by later drilling or boring, avoid the structural damage and roof leakage problems caused by multiple drillings, and ensure the installation accuracy of the suspender bars. At the same time, the method of the present invention reduces the complex processes such as drilling and rebar planting during later installation, and the pipes can be directly hung on the pre-embedded suspender bars, greatly shortening the construction period, and at the same time improving the controllability and safety of the construction quality. It is particularly suitable for roof hoisting projects with high requirements for waterproofness and structural integrity.

[0088] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be modified or equivalently replaced without departing from the purpose and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and they should all be covered by the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A roofing hoisting positioning design method, characterized in that: Including: Create a main model according to the main roof drawing; the main model includes a building structure model, an electromechanical equipment model, and a pipeline system model; Plan the layout of the hanging rods in advance in the main model so that the positions, spacings, and depths of the placed hanging rods meet the working conditions requirements, and generate the final hanging rod model; Export the hanging rod CAD drawing according to the hanging rod model; Before the concrete structure construction, place embedded parts in the floor slab or beam according to the attribute information of the hanging rods in the hanging rod CAD drawing.

2. The roofing hoisting positioning design method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Create a main model according to the main roof drawing, specifically including: Identify and semantically analyze the CAD or PDF format building, structure, and equipment floor plans through a drawing recognition engine; Extract key component data, equipment names and positioning points, pipeline endpoints, and equipment numbers, and structure the two-dimensional drawing information into a data table available for BIM modeling; Set up a modeling rule library for roof structure components, combine the data of the structural plane layout drawing and the structural section drawing, deduce the positions, elevations, and heights of the structural components, and generate a preliminary structural model; Use the electromechanical model specification template to automatically arrange fan coil units, fans, and condensers according to the equipment positioning points and installation parameters; Adopt a path optimization algorithm to automatically generate the pipeline routing path, real-time detect the collision relationship between the equipment pipelines and the structural components, and adjust the routing path; Pre-set liftable points or deployable areas according to the equipment load, size, center of gravity, and operating vibration conditions; Output a unified main roof model file and generate corresponding supporting data; the supporting data includes an equipment list, a lifting requirement list, a pipeline attribute table, and a component number table.

3. The roof hoisting positioning design method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Generate the final hanging rod model, specifically including: Extract the components to be lifted from the main model; based on the component load and the specified spacing requirements, calculate the theoretical number of lifting points and the lifting point landing intervals; among them, avoid the distribution area of the main structural reinforcement bars, and judge whether the beams and slabs have sufficient anchorage depth and space to avoid passing through the slab or approaching the holes; Combine the beam and slab center line data, and use a path planning algorithm to find the optimal lifting points; adjust the hanging rod parameters according to the spatial parameters, anchorage depth, and lifting object; the hanging rod parameters include rod diameter, length, lifting method, and anti-sway support; Set numbers, service objects, pipeline numbers, and embedded part types to form a three-dimensional parametric hanging rod model.

4. The roof hoisting positioning design method according to claim 3, wherein: Calculate the theoretical number of lifting points and the lifting point landing intervals, specifically including: Obtain the general lifting constraint parameters and the lifting component parameters; the general constraint parameters include the maximum allowable hanging rod spacing and the hanging rod support type; the lifting component parameters include the total length, unit length weight, installation elevation, the equipment number to which it belongs, and the start and end coordinates; Determine the theoretical number of lifting points N according to the following formula: Among them, L represents the total length of the hoisting member, and d max represents the maximum allowable boom spacing; Project the lifting component onto the XY plane, evenly divide n sections on the projection line, and determine the lifting point landing intervals according to the following formula: [x i -Δd,x i +Δd]; Among them, X0 represents the value of the starting coordinate of the hoisting member in the X direction, where i = 0, 1, 2,..., n - 1; Δd is the set tolerance distance.

5. The roofing hoisting positioning design method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Export the hanging rod CAD drawing, specifically including: Use the shared parameters or project parameters in the BIM software to uniformly code and classify each hanging rod; Create a rule view in the BIM, and use the view template to control the layer, scale, visibility, and component style; among them, for the area where the hanging rods are dense, automatically insert a section symbol and generate a detail view; In the generated view, use the API or BIM plug-in to automatically add hanger number tags, automatically mark the installation elevation, and automatically mark the hanger length, spacing, and connection type; and synchronously mark the embedded part type and position number on the drawing. All generated views are exported in the DWG or DXF format and batch output using the Sheet layout set in BIM; among them, the drawing folders are classified according to the hanger type, and the structure index information is attached when the drawings are exported; the hanger bill of quantities is synchronously exported and corresponds one by one with the hanger numbers in the CAD drawings through the numbers.

6. The roofing hoisting positioning design method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Place the embedded parts in the floor slab or beam according to the attribute information of the hangers in the hanger CAD drawing, specifically including: Import the plane coordinates in the hanger CAD drawing into the total station or GNSS layout instrument, where the positioning points can directly punch holes, drill holes or set marks on the template. Before the concrete pouring, fix the corresponding type of embedded parts according to the positioning holes or punctuation positions; among them, for channel steel and casing embedded parts, pre-set positioning support frames to prevent displacement. Correspond the numbers of all embedded parts with the drawings one by one and take photos for record. After the pouring is completed, conduct a re-measurement to ensure that the deviation is within the allowable range, and transmit the measured coordinates back through the BIM software to form an installation closed loop.

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