Deep hole drilling clamp for crankshaft

Abstract

The invention particularly relates to a deep hole drilling clamp for a crankshaft. Comprising a bottom plate, a fixed detection device and a synchronous detection device, the bottom plate comprises a mother plate and a plurality of daughter plates, and the mother plate and the daughter plates are connected through positioning connecting pieces; the fixed detection device comprises an axial positioning piece, an angular positioning part, a radial positioning seat and a pressing piece matched with the radial positioning seat; the radial positioning seat is arranged on the daughter board; the angular positioning part is positioned at the crankshaft end; a support is arranged between the pressing piece and the mother board, and the middle of the pressing piece is hinged to the support. The two ends of the pressing piece are a pressing end and a driving end respectively, and the driving end is provided with a workpiece detection device used for detecting whether a workpiece is placed on the radial positioning seat or not. According to the scheme, the deep hole drilling clamp for the crankshaft has the advantage that on the premise that the positioning precision and the machining precision of the crankshaft are guaranteed, rapid remodeling is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a fixture, and more particularly to a deep hole drilling fixture for a crankshaft. Background Art

[0002] Deep hole machining is a specialized machining technology, and its core purpose is to drill deep holes with high precision and high quality in materials. In many mechanical components, the accuracy and quality of the holes directly affect the performance and service life of the entire component. Through deep hole machining, it can be ensured that the size, shape, and position of the holes all meet the design requirements, thereby improving the overall quality and reliability of the product. The center hole on the end face of the crankshaft is the process benchmark for process design and also the positioning benchmark for subsequent machining and inspection. The quality of the center hole directly affects the product quality of the crankshaft, so high precision is required for it. Therefore, deep hole machining technology is needed for this center hole.

[0003] However, in the prior art, due to the high positioning accuracy of the crankshaft, when the dimensions such as the length, diameter, and eccentricity of the crankshaft change, it is impossible to quickly position the crankshaft with the new dimensions, and the tool change efficiency is low, seriously affecting the production efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to provide a deep hole drilling fixture for a crankshaft, which can achieve quick tool change on the premise of ensuring the positioning accuracy and machining accuracy of the crankshaft.

[0005] A deep hole drilling fixture for a crankshaft in this solution includes a base plate, a fixed detection device, and a synchronous detection device. The base plate includes a mother plate and a plurality of sub - plates, and the mother plate and the sub - plates are connected by positioning connectors; the fixed detection device includes an axial positioning member, an angular positioning portion, a radial positioning seat, and a pressing member adapted thereto; the radial positioning seat is arranged on the sub - plate, and there are two or more radial positioning seats on each sub - plate; the angular positioning portion is located at the end of the crankshaft; a support is provided between the pressing member and the mother plate, and the middle of the pressing member is hinged to the support; the two ends of the pressing member are respectively a pressing end and a driving end, and a workpiece detection device is provided at the driving end for detecting whether a workpiece is placed on the radial positioning seat.

[0006] The advantages of the present invention are as follows: 1) The fixture adopts a mother - daughter plate structure, which can realize the quick switching of different sub - plates, shortening the tool change time by about 2 / 3 and improving the tool change efficiency. 2) The pressing member is a lever structure. Through the workpiece detection device at the driving end, it can detect whether there is a workpiece under the pressing end; at the same time, the pressing member can also fix the workpiece on the radial positioning seat, without the need to set up an additional detection station.

[0007] Furthermore, the radial positioning seat is located on one side of the sub-plate and is arranged close to the pressing member; multiple connecting holes are staggered on the sub-plate; the positioning connecting member and the radial positioning seat are on the same center line. When the pressing member presses the crankshaft, the force application point is on the symmetry line of the radial positioning seat. Since the positioning connecting member and the radial positioning seat are on the same center line, the positioning connecting member is only subjected to the force in the vertical direction and will not be deformed due to the force in other directions, thereby affecting the connection accuracy between the sub-plate and the mother plate.

[0008] Furthermore, a positioning member is provided between the radial positioning seat and the sub-plate. When replacing the radial positioning seat, this positioning member can quickly position the radial positioning seat.

[0009] Furthermore, the workpiece detection device includes a detection push rod, a workpiece detection position and a no-workpiece detection position; the workpiece detection position and the no-workpiece detection position are arranged on the support and are arranged along the moving direction of the detection push rod; a detection magnet is provided on the detection push rod. By determining whether the detection magnet is at the workpiece detection position or the no-workpiece detection position, it is judged whether there is a workpiece at the working station.

[0010] Furthermore, the angular positioning portion includes two side-leaning orientation members that can move towards each other, and the side-leaning orientation members can clamp the crankshaft end to perform angular positioning on the workpiece.

[0011] Still further, a conversion pad is provided on the surface of the side-leaning orientation member close to the workpiece.

[0012] Furthermore, the synchronous detection device includes a detection system and a detection valve; air holes are provided on the end surface of the radial positioning seat in contact with the workpiece, and the detection valve is connected to the air holes. By detecting the air pressure, it is judged whether the pressing member is in the pressing state or the open state, and further it is determined whether it is synchronized with each step of the fixture action.

[0013] Still further, a pressing pad is further provided at the pressing end of the pressing member, and the pressing pad is provided with an arc surface adapted to the workpiece to adapt to crankshafts of different diameters.

[0014] Furthermore, the radial positioning seat is of a V-shaped structure, a positioning pad is provided on the end surface of the radial positioning seat in contact with the workpiece, and air holes are provided on the positioning pad. It is convenient for replacement and there is no need to adjust the workpiece detection position and the no-workpiece detection position to adapt to crankshafts of different diameters. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 is a schematic structural view of a deep hole drilling fixture for a crankshaft according to the present invention;

[0016] Figure 2 is a perspective view of a deep hole drilling fixture for a crankshaft according to the present invention;

[0017] Figure 3 is Figure 2Enlarged view of B in [the figure];

[0018] Figure 4 is Figure 2 Enlarged view of C in [the figure];

[0019] Figure 5 Structural diagram of the daughter board and the mother board in the present invention;

[0020] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the workpiece detection device in the present invention;

[0021] Figure 7 Installation schematic diagram of the daughter board of the present invention.

[0022] In the figure, 1 is the mother board, 2 is the daughter board, 3 is the axial positioning part, 4 is the angular positioning part, 4-1 is the side-leaning orienting part, 4-2 is the conversion pad, 5 is the radial positioning seat, 5-1 is the positioning pad, 6 is the pressing part, 6-1 is the pressing end, 6-2 is the driving end, 6-3 is the pressing pad, 7 is the support, 8 is the workpiece detection device, 8-1 is the detection push rod, 8-2 is the detected-with-workpiece position, 8-3 is the detected-without-workpiece position, 8-4 is the detection magnet, 9 is the connection hole, 10 is the air hole, 11 is the installation positioning pin, 12 is the installation positioning sleeve, 13 is the workpiece, and 13-1 is the crankshaft end. Specific embodiments

[0023] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:

[0024] According to Figures 1 to 7As shown in the figure, a deep hole drilling fixture for a crankshaft includes a base plate, a fixed detection device, and a synchronous detection device. The base plate includes a mother plate 1 and a plurality of sub-plates 2, preferably four sub-plates in this embodiment. The mother plate 1 and the sub-plates 2 are connected by positioning connectors. The fixed detection device includes an axial positioning member 3, an angular positioning portion 4, a radial positioning seat 5, and a pressing member 6 adapted thereto. The axial positioning member 3 is driven by a rear jacking oil cylinder to axially position the workpiece 13. The radial positioning seats 5 are arranged on the sub-plates 2, and there are two or more radial positioning seats 5 on each sub-plate 2, preferably two in this embodiment. The pressing member 6 is located between two sub-plates 2 and is fixedly connected to the mother plate 1 through a support 7. The middle of the pressing member 6 is hinged to the support 7. The two ends of the pressing member 6 are respectively a pressing end 6-1 and a driving end 6-2, and a workpiece detection device 8 is provided at the driving end 6-2. The workpiece detection device 8 includes a detection push rod 8-1, a detection magnet 8-4, a workpiece detection position 8-2, and a no-workpiece detection position 8-3. The workpiece detection position 8-2 and the no-workpiece detection position 8-3 are arranged on the support 7 and are arranged along the moving direction of the detection push rod 8-1. The detection magnet 8-4 is located at the lower end of the detection push rod 8-1, and the upper end of the detection push rod 8-1 is hinged to the driving end 6-2 of the pressing member 6. The pressing member 6 is a lever structure. The lever oil cylinder drives the detection push rod 8-1, and the stroke of the driving end 6-2 of the pressing member 6 is detected through the workpiece detection device 8, so as to detect whether there is a workpiece 13 below the pressing end 6-1 of the pressing member 6. The angular positioning portion 4 is located at the crankshaft end 13-1. The angular positioning portion 4 includes two side-leaning orientation members 4-1 that can move towards each other. The side-leaning orientation members 4-1 are driven by a single-acting cylinder and can clamp the crankshaft end 13-1 to perform angular positioning on the crankshaft end 13-1. A conversion pad 4-2 is provided on the side of the side-leaning orientation member 4-1 close to the workpiece 13. For the sub-plates 2 of different crankshafts, the installation of the radial positioning seats 5 and the positioning pads 5-1 can be completed offline, and the sub-plates 2 can be directly installed on the mother plate 1 to achieve rapid conversion.

[0025] As a further improvement of the present invention, the radial positioning seat 5 is located on one side of the sub-plate 2 and is arranged close to the pressing member 6; a plurality of connecting holes 9 are staggered on the sub-plate 2. The positioning connector and the radial positioning seat 5 are on the same center line a. Specifically, the positioning connector includes an installation positioning pin 11 provided on the mother plate 1 and an installation positioning sleeve 12 provided on the sub-plate 2. When the pressing member 6 presses the crankshaft, its force application point is on the symmetry line of the position of the radial positioning seat 5. Since the positioning connector and the radial positioning seat 5 are on the same center line, the positioning connector is only subjected to the force in the vertical direction and will not be deformed due to the force in other directions, thus affecting the connection accuracy between the sub-plate 2 and the mother plate 1. Preferably, two sub-plates 2 are a group. As Figure 7 shown, the radial positioning seats 5 thereon are mirror-image arranged; the pressing member 6 is located between the two sub-plates of this group, and the pressing member can press the crankshafts on the two sub-plates at the same time.

[0026] As a further improvement of the present invention, when replacing the radial positioning seat 5, in order to quickly position the radial positioning seat 5, a positioning member is provided between the radial positioning seat 5 and the sub-plate 2. The positioning member is preferably a flat key. Specifically, a keyway for fixing the flat key is formed on the sub-plate 2, and a positioning groove adapted to the flat key is formed at the bottom of the radial positioning seat 5.

[0027] As a further improvement of the present invention, the synchronous detection device includes a detection system and a detection valve. The radial positioning seat 5 is preferably of a V-shaped structure. A positioning pad 5-1 is provided on the end face of the radial positioning seat 5 in contact with the workpiece 13 to adapt to crankshafts of different diameters. An air hole 10 is provided on the positioning pad 5-1. An air hole 10 is provided on the end face of the radial positioning seat 5 in contact with the workpiece 13, and the detection valve is connected to the air hole 10. The workpiece 13 abuts against the port of the air hole 10. Specifically, the detection system can set a critical value of the gas pressure. When the air pressure is less than or equal to the critical value, the pressing member 6 is in a pressed state; when the air pressure is greater than the critical value, the pressing member 6 is in an open state. By judging whether the pressing member 6 is in a pressed state or an open state, it is further determined whether it is synchronized with the actions of each step of the fixture. A pressing pad 6-3 is further provided at the pressing end 6-1 of the pressing member 6. To adapt to crankshafts of different diameters, the pressing pad 6-3 is provided with an arc surface adapted to the workpiece 13.

[0028] The detection system can also detect the situation where there is a workpiece 13 on one side of the radial positioning seat 5 and no workpiece 13 on the other side of the radial positioning seat 5 through the gas pressure.

[0029] For the convenience of replacement, the conversion pad 4-2, the positioning pad 5-1, and the pressing pad 6-3 are all inlaid blocks.

[0030] The working steps of the present invention are as follows:

[0031] Step 1: The manipulator feeds the material. The crankshaft end 13-1 faces downward uniformly. The manipulator grabs the workpiece 13, aligns it above the radial positioning seat 5 and then puts it down, and the manipulator withdraws.

[0032] Step 2: The lever oil cylinder is started. The pressing end 6-1 of the pressing member 6 approaches the radial positioning seat 5 to determine whether there is a workpiece 13 at this station, and then the pressing end 6-1 moves away from the radial positioning seat 5 and resets. Specifically, as Figure 6 shown, when there is a workpiece 13, the pressing end 6-1 stops descending after contacting the workpiece 13, and at this time the detection magnet 8-4 is located at the detected-with-workpiece position 8-2; when there is no workpiece 13, the pressing end 6-1 continues to descend, and at this time the detection magnet 8-4 rises to the detected-without-workpiece position 8-3.

[0033] Step 3: The single-acting cylinder is started. The side-leaning orienting member 4-1 clamps the crankshaft end 13-1 to complete the angular positioning of the workpiece 13.

[0034] Step 4: The angular positioning is completed, and the lever oil cylinder starts to press the workpiece 13 tightly;

[0035] Step 5: The rear jacking oil cylinder jacks out and starts machining;

[0036] Step 6: After the machining is completed, the single-acting cylinder retracts, the lever oil cylinder relaxes, and the rear jacking oil cylinder retracts.

[0037] The above are only embodiments of the present invention, and common knowledge such as specific structures and characteristics known in the solution is not described in detail here. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the structure of the present invention, several deformations and improvements can still be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the implementation effect of the present invention and the practicality of the patent.

Claims

1. A deep hole drilling fixture for a crankshaft, characterized in that: It includes a bottom plate, a fixed detection device and a synchronous detection device. The bottom plate includes a mother board and a plurality of daughter boards, and the mother board and the daughter boards are connected by positioning connectors; the fixed detection device includes an axial positioning member, an angular positioning portion, a radial positioning seat and a pressing member adapted thereto; the radial positioning seat is arranged on the daughter board; the angular positioning portion is located at the crankshaft end; a support is arranged between the pressing member and the mother board, and the middle of the pressing member is hinged to the support; the two ends of the pressing member are respectively a pressing end and a driving end, and a workpiece detection device is arranged at the driving end for detecting whether a workpiece is placed on the radial positioning seat.

2. The deep hole drilling fixture for a crankshaft according to claim 1, wherein: The radial positioning seat is located on one side of the daughter board and is arranged close to the pressing member; a plurality of connecting holes are arranged on the daughter board in a staggered manner; the positioning connector and the radial positioning seat are on the same center line.

3. The deep hole drilling fixture for a crankshaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: A positioning member is arranged between the radial positioning seat and the daughter board.

4. A deep hole drilling fixture for a crankshaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: The workpiece detection device includes a detection push rod, a workpiece detection position and a non-workpiece detection position; the workpiece detection position and the non-workpiece detection position are arranged on the support and are arranged along the moving direction of the detection push rod; a detection magnet is arranged on the detection push rod.

5. The deep hole drilling fixture for a crankshaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: The angular positioning portion includes two side-leaning orientation members that can move towards each other, and the side-leaning orientation members can clamp the crankshaft end.

6. The deep hole drilling fixture for a crankshaft according to claim 5, characterized in that: A conversion pad is arranged on the surface of the side-leaning orientation member close to the workpiece.

7. The deep hole drilling fixture for a crankshaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: The synchronous detection device includes a detection system and a detection valve; air holes are arranged on the end surface of the radial positioning seat in contact with the workpiece, and the detection valve is connected to the air holes.

8. The deep hole drilling fixture for a crankshaft according to claim 7, characterized in that: A pressing pad is further arranged at the pressing end of the pressing member, and the pressing pad is provided with an arc surface adapted to the workpiece.

9. The deep hole drilling fixture for a crankshaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radial positioning seat is of a V-shaped structure, positioning pads are arranged on the end surface of the radial positioning seat in contact with the workpiece, and air holes are arranged on the positioning pads.

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