Charging device and operating method thereof

Abstract

A charging device is used for being coupled with a first electric vehicle and comprises a first connecting device and a power device. The first connecting device comprises a first power line, a first control guide line and a first connecting guide line, and the power device comprises a switch, a controller and a resistor. When the controller receives first working power provided by the first electric vehicle through the first control guide wire and is started, the controller controls the switch to disconnect the first control guide wire and the first connection guide wire, and the resistor is coupled with the first connection guide wire through the action of the switch. The impedance of the first connection lead wire is adjusted to a first specific impedance, and the first specific impedance is used for the first electric vehicle to know the current operation mode to be executed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a charging device and an operation method thereof, and more particularly to a universal charging device and an operation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Currently, due to the pursuit of energy conservation and carbon reduction, electric vehicles are gradually replaced by electric drive from fuel drive. Among them, the power source of an electric vehicle (generally referred to as an electric vehicle) is a battery, so the battery needs to be charged to maintain the endurance of the electric vehicle. On the other hand, since the battery in the electric vehicle can be used to store electricity, when the battery is fully charged, the battery power can also be used to supply external devices for emergency use. In the past electric vehicle chargers, electric vehicle charging / discharging are different products, and there are multiple products, resulting in the charger needing to use a specific communication method to notify the electric vehicle to operate in a specific charge / discharge mode according to its own capabilities. Therefore, the charge / discharge devices of electric vehicles usually need to use a dedicated charging cable to execute a dedicated operation mode. Therefore, for each charge / discharge device, a dedicated charging cable needs to be used to execute a dedicated mode, resulting in an increase in configuration costs, inconvenience in carrying, and waste of a lot of copper wire.

[0003] On the other hand, in the case of using the battery power of an electric vehicle to supply emergency power to an external device, since the battery power of the electric vehicle has not been provided, the external device has no power source. Therefore, the external device cannot handshake with the electric vehicle to set the charge / discharge mode. If it is desired to enable the external device to execute the setting and adjustment of the operation mode first, an additional power source (such as but not limited to an additional battery, an external power source, etc.) is required to temporarily start the device used to handshake with the electric vehicle. Therefore, it will cause inconvenience in use and difficulties in setting the operation mode.

[0004] Therefore, how to design a charging device and an operation method thereof so that the controller inside the power device does not need to use an additional power source to start is a major research topic for the applicant of this case. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a charging device to overcome the problems of the known art. Therefore, the charging device of the present invention includes a first connection device, and the first connection device includes a first power line, a first control lead, and a first connection lead, one end of which is used to couple to a first electric vehicle. The charging device further includes a power device, which is coupled to the other ends of the first power line, the first control lead, and the first connection lead, and the power device includes a switch, a controller, and a resistor. The switch is coupled to the first connection lead, and the controller is coupled to the first power line, the first control lead, and the resistor. When the controller is disabled, the switch shorts the first control lead and the first connection lead. Among them, when the controller is enabled by receiving the first operating power provided by the first electric vehicle through the first control lead, the controller controls the switch to open the circuit between the first control lead and the first connection lead, and the resistor is coupled to the first connection lead through the actuation of the switch to adjust the impedance on the first connection lead to a first specific impedance, and the first specific impedance is used for the first electric vehicle to know the current operation mode to be executed.

[0006] To solve the above problems, the present invention provides an operation method for a charging device to overcome the problems of the known art. Therefore, the charging device of the present invention includes a first connection device and a power device, and the power device includes a resistor. The operation method includes the following steps: when there is no first operating power, short the first control lead and the first connection lead of the first connection device. When the first connection device is coupled to the first electric vehicle, receive the first operating power provided by the first electric vehicle through the first control lead. Open the circuit between the first control lead and the first connection lead according to the first operating power, and couple the resistor to the first connection lead. Adjust the impedance on the first connection lead to a first specific impedance by coupling the resistor to the first connection lead, and the first specific impedance is used for the first electric vehicle to know the current operation mode to be executed.

[0007] The main purpose and effect of the present invention are that, in the discharge operation mode, the charging device of the present invention uses the electric vehicle to supply power to the internal controller of the power device through the charging cable first. After the controller is started, the switch is controlled to switch to obtain a specific impedance, so that the electric vehicle can know the current operation mode to be executed according to the specific impedance. In this way, the internal controller of the power device does not need to use an additional power supply to start, achieving the effects of saving equipment costs and improving the convenience of use.

[0008] To further understand the technologies, means, and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the predetermined purpose, please refer to the following detailed description and drawings of the present invention. It is believed that the purpose, features, and characteristics of the present invention can be deeply and specifically understood therefrom. However, the drawings are only for reference and explanation, and are not used to limit the present invention. Description of the Drawings

[0009] Figure 1A Schematic diagram of the application configuration of the general charging device of the present invention;

[0010] Figure 1B Structural appearance diagram of the general charging cable of the present invention;

[0011] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the internal circuit of the charging cable of the present invention;

[0012] Figure 3A Schematic diagram of the internal circuit of the general charging device of the present invention applied to the V2L operation mode;

[0013] Figure 3B Schematic diagram of the internal circuit of the general charging device of the present invention applied to the V2H operation mode;

[0014] Figure 3C Schematic diagram of the internal circuit of the general charging device of the present invention applied to the V2V operation mode;

[0015] Figure 3D Schematic diagram of the waveform timing of the operation mode of the general charging device of the present invention being the discharge mode;

[0016] Figure 4A Schematic diagram of the internal circuit of the general charging device of the present invention applied to the M2 operation mode;

[0017] Figure 4B Schematic diagram of the internal circuit of the general charging device of the present invention applied to the M3 operation mode; and

[0018] Figure 5 Flow chart of the operation method of the charging device of the present invention.

[0019] Description of reference numerals

[0020] 100: Charging device,

[0021] 1, 3: Charging cables,

[0022] 1A: Vehicle-end connector,

[0023] 1B: Pluggable connector,

[0024] 1C: Cable,

[0025] 1D: Integrated vehicle-end connector,

[0026] L: Live wire,

[0027] N: Ground wire,

[0028] PE: Neutral wire,

[0029] P, P1, P2: Power lines,

[0030] CP, CP1, CP2: Control pilot lines,

[0031] PP, PP1, PP2: Connection pilot lines,

[0032] 12: Trigger circuit,

[0033] R6, R7: Resistors,

[0034] S3: Push switch,

[0035] 14: LED indicator,

[0036] 2: Power device,

[0037] 2A: Device connector,

[0038] SW: Switch,

[0039] MCU: Controller,

[0040] Ecp: Control pilot terminal,

[0041] Ecp1: First control pilot terminal,

[0042] Ecp2: Second control pilot terminal,

[0043] Epp: Connection pilot terminal,

[0044] Epp1: First connection pilot terminal,

[0045] Epp2: Second connection pilot terminal,

[0046] Eps: Power receiving terminal,

[0047] RP: Resistor,

[0048] 22: Socket port,

[0049] 24: USB port,

[0050] 26: Conversion circuit,

[0051] SWp: Power switch,

[0052] 200: Electric vehicle,

[0053] 200-1: First electric vehicle,

[0054] 200-2: Second electric vehicle,

[0055] 200A: Vehicle connector,

[0056] 300: Extension plug,

[0057] 400: Residence,

[0058] Ps: Power supply,

[0059] Tg: Trigger,

[0060] Sp: Communication signal,

[0061] VCC1: First operating power,

[0062] VCC2: Second operating power,

[0063] L1: Solid line,

[0064] L2: Dashed line,

[0065] t0 - t3: Time,

[0066] Vx: Specific potential. Detailed implementation manner

[0067] Regarding the technical content and detailed description of the present invention, it is described as follows in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0068] Please refer to Figure 1A It is a schematic application configuration diagram of the general - type charging device of the present invention. The general - type charging device 100 (hereinafter referred to as the charging device 100) is mainly applied to, for example but not limited to, charging modes such as Mode 2 (M2) and Mode 3 (M3) (the arrow direction indicates charging the electric vehicle 200), and can also be applied to discharge modes such as Vehicle to Load (V2L), Vehicle to Home (V2H), and Vehicle - to - vehicle (V2V) (the arrow direction indicates the electric vehicle discharging to the charging cable). The charging device 100 of the present invention mainly uses a single general - type charging cable 1 (hereinafter referred to as the charging cable 1) to plug into the power devices 2 of various operation modes, so that the electric vehicle 200 and the power device 2 can know the applied operation mode through mutual hand - shaking communication, and perform corresponding charge - discharge operations accordingly.

[0069] Specifically, the operation mode of M2 is the charging mode. It mainly extends the charging device 100 for the electric vehicle 200 between the plug 300 and the electric vehicle 200. And the power device 2 can be, for example but not limited to, a charger such as an IC-CPD (In-Cable Control and Protection Device). The power device 2 can establish communication with the electric vehicle 200 through the charging cable 1 to set various power parameters for charging the electric vehicle 200 (such as but not limited to the upper limit of the charging current, charging time, etc.). Therefore, the power device 2 can receive the AC power provided by the power grid by plugging the extension plug 300 into the socket, and can provide the supply power Ps to the electric vehicle 200 according to the power parameters. The operation mode of M3 is also the charging mode. It is mainly that the electric vehicle 200 is coupled to the AC charging pile or a wall-mounted power device 2 through the charging cable 1, so that the power device 2 can establish communication with the electric vehicle through the charging cable 1 to set various parameters for charging the electric vehicle 200 (such as but not limited to the upper limit of the charging current, charging time, etc.). Therefore, the power device 2 receives the AC power provided by the power grid and can provide the supply power Ps to the electric vehicle 200 according to the power parameters.

[0070] On the other hand, the operation mode of V2L is the discharging mode. One end of the charging cable 1 can be coupled to a power device 2 such as a power supply socket, and the other end can be coupled to the electric vehicle 200. Therefore, the electric vehicle 200 can provide the supply power Ps to the power device 2 through the charging cable 1, and the power device 2 can include, for example but not limited to, power output ports such as sockets and USB ports to supply power to the load (not shown in the figure) coupled to the power device 2. The operation mode of V2H is the discharging mode. One end of the charging cable 1 can be coupled to a power device 2 such as an emergency power supply socket, and the other end is coupled to the electric vehicle 200. When the household AC power fails, the electric vehicle 200 can provide the supply power Ps to the power device 2 by coupling to the power device 2 through the charging cable 1 to provide emergency AC backup power. The operation mode of V2V is the discharging mode. One end of the charging line can be coupled to the first electric vehicle 200-1 that provides power through a power device 2 such as a connector, and the other end can be coupled to the second electric vehicle 200-2 that receives power through the charging cable 1. Therefore, the first electric vehicle 200-1 can provide the supply power Ps to the charging cable 1 through the power device 2 to provide the supply power Ps to the second electric vehicle 200-2 through the charging cable 1 to provide backup power to the second electric vehicle 200-2.

[0071] Refer to Figure 1B for the structural appearance diagram of the universal charging cable of the present invention. In Figure 1B , the connector 1A on the left half is the vehicle-end connector and is used to plug into the electric vehicle 200 (or the first electric vehicle 200-1). The connector 1B on the right half is a pluggable connector and is used to plug into the above-mentionedFigure 1A The adapter of various power devices 2 shown. The cable 1C is coupled between the two connectors 1A and 1B, and depending on the thickness of the cable 1C, it can be adapted to withstand different supply powers Ps (for example, but not limited to, it can withstand 9.6 kW, 11 kW, etc. respectively due to different thicknesses). In addition, the length of the cable 1C can also be adjusted according to the user's needs (for example, but not limited to 5 / 6 / 7 m). Therefore, the charging cable 1 of the present invention can provide users with various choices.

[0072] Refer again to Figure 1A 、 1B The charging cable 1 of the present invention includes a pluggable connector 1B, a cable 1C, and a vehicle-end connector 1A. The charging cable 1 can be respectively plugged into the device connector 2A of the power devices 2 of M2, M3, V2L, V2H, and V2V through the pluggable connector to respectively form a universal charging device 100, and provide a predetermined charging and discharging function according to the plugged power device 2. Especially in the operation modes of V2L, V2H, and V2V, the power device 2 is usually a power receiving end and generally cannot provide power. And, when the charging device 100 has not completed the handshake communication with the electric vehicle 200 (or the first electric vehicle 200-1) at the power supply end, the electric vehicle 200 (or the first electric vehicle 200-1) at the power supply end will not provide the supply power Ps to the power device 2 in advance. Therefore, it will cause the internal controller (not shown in the figure) of the power device 2 not to be started and unable to operate smoothly without an additional power source. Under the condition that the power device 2 cannot operate smoothly, it means that the power device 2 cannot adjust the operation mode to the discharge mode (i.e., V2L, V2H, V2V). This causes difficulties in setting the operation mode. And, if you want to make the power device 2 execute the setting and adjustment of the operation mode first, an additional power source (for example, but not limited to an additional battery, an external power source, etc.) is required to temporarily start the internal controller (not shown in the figure) of the power device 2.

[0073] Therefore, one of the features and effects of the present invention is that the charging cable 1 of the present invention combines all electric vehicle 200 charging / discharging products, uses a single universal charging cable 1 to be matched according to different user selections, and can be used for different operation mode requirements. And, the charging device 100 can provide a specific impedance to the electric vehicle 200 through the charging / discharging gun (i.e., the vehicle-end connector 1A), so that the electric vehicle 200 can confirm specification information such as the usage status, operation mode, and cable capacity of the charging cable 1, and perform charging or discharging functions accordingly. In addition, the charging device 100 can also include functions such as leakage protection, short-circuit protection, over-temperature protection, over-current protection, and ground protection.

[0074] Moreover, another feature and effect of the present invention is that, in the V2L, V2H, and V2V operating modes, the charging device 100 of the present invention uses the electric vehicle 200 to supply power to the internal controller (not shown in the figure) of the power device 2 through the charging cable 1 in advance. After the controller (not shown in the figure) is started, the switching of the control switch is controlled to obtain a specific impedance, so that the electric vehicle 200 can know the current operating mode to be executed according to the specific impedance, and set and adjust parameters accordingly. In this way, the internal controller (not shown in the figure) of the power device 2 can be started without using an additional power supply source (such as, but not limited to, a battery, an external power supply, etc.), achieving the effects of saving equipment costs and improving the convenience of use.

[0075] On the other hand, in Figure 1A , 1B the pluggable connector 1B of the charging cable 1 is preferably a male connector, and the device connector 2A of the power device 2 is preferably a female connector. The reason is that in the operating modes of M2 and M3, the supply power Ps is provided to the connector of the power device 2 through the power device 2. Therefore, if the device connector 2A is a male connector, there is a risk of electric shock to personnel. On the contrary, in the operations of V2L, V2H, and V2V, the entire power device 2 needs to be connected perfectly, and after communication is completed, the electric vehicle 200 will supply the supply power Ps to the charging cable 1. Therefore, even if the pluggable connector 1B of the charging cable 1 is a male connector, it will not cause a risk of electric shock to personnel.

[0076] Please refer to Figure 2 for the internal circuit schematic diagram of the charging cable of the present invention, and then refer to Figures 1A - 1B in cooperation. In this embodiment, the connectors 1A and 1B and the cable 1C are used as a schematic example of the US standard wiring, but it is not limited thereto. Wiring specifications such as the European standard and the Japanese standard should all be included in the scope of this embodiment. In the Figure 2 schematic diagram, taking single-phase power as an example (three-phase power can be deduced by analogy), the cable 1C includes a live wire L, a neutral wire N, a protective earth wire PE, a control pilot wire CP, and a proximity pilot wire PP. If not otherwise specified, the live wire L, the neutral wire N, and the protective earth wire PE may be simply referred to as power lines P hereinafter. The power device 2 can be connected to the above-mentioned lines in the charging cable 1 by connecting the device connector 2A to the pluggable connector 1B, and the electric vehicle 200 can also be connected to the above-mentioned lines in the charging cable 1 by connecting the vehicle-side connector 1A. The vehicle-side connector 1A may further include a trigger circuit 12 (used as a schematic example of the US standard wiring, and other specifications are not limited thereto), and the trigger circuit 12 is coupled between the power line P and the connection pilot wire PP.

[0077] The trigger circuit 12 generates a change in impedance on the connection lead wire PP according to a trigger Tg such as but not limited to a user's press, and the controller of the power device 2 or the electric vehicle 200 can confirm the completion of the connection between the power device 2 and the electric vehicle 200 according to the change in impedance on the connection lead wire PP. For example, the trigger circuit 12 may include resistors R6, R7 and a push switch S3, and one end of the resistor R6 is coupled to the connection lead wire PP. The other end of the resistor R6 is coupled to one end of the resistor R7, and the other end of the resistor R7 is coupled to the neutral line PE in the power line P. One end of the push switch S3 is coupled to the node between the resistors R6 and R7, and the other end of the push switch S3 is coupled to the neutral line PE. The detailed structure of the above trigger circuit 12 is only a schematic example and is not limited thereto. Any trigger circuit 12 that can change the impedance should be included in the scope of this embodiment.

[0078] After the vehicle-side connector 1A is plugged into the electric vehicle 200 and the user has not pressed the push switch S3, the two ends of the push switch S3 are short-circuited to short-circuit the path of the neutral line PE to the node between the resistors R6 and R7. Therefore, the resistance from the connection lead wire PP to the neutral line PE is R6. When the user presses the push switch S3, the two ends of the push switch S3 are opened to open the path of the neutral line PE to the node between the resistors R6 and R7. Therefore, the resistance from the connection lead wire PP to the neutral line PE is R6 + R7. Finally, after the user releases the push switch S3, the resistance from the connection lead wire PP to the neutral line PE returns to R6. Since the user pressing the push switch S3 (i.e., the trigger Tg from pressing to releasing) causes a change in impedance (i.e., a change in resistance value) from the connection lead wire PP to the neutral line PE, the fixed current on the connection lead wire PP and the changing impedance generate a change in voltage, and the controller of the power device 2 or the electric vehicle 200 can confirm the completion of the connection between the electric vehicle 200 and the vehicle-side connector 1A through this change in voltage.

[0079] On the other hand, the charging device 100 further includes an LED indicator 14, and the LED indicator 14 is disposed on the charging cable 1. The LED indicator 14 is used to indicate whether the current direction of the current flowing through the charging cable 1 is from the vehicle-side connector 1A to the pluggable connector 1B, or from the pluggable connector 1B to the vehicle-side connector 1A, so that the user can easily know from the LED indicator 14 on the charging cable 1 whether the charging cable 1 is operating in the charging mode or the discharging mode. Also, by the lighting of the LED indicator 14 on the charging cable 1, it can also prevent people from accidentally damaging the cable in the dark or causing people to be at risk of tripping. Among them, the LED indicator 14, for example but not limited to, generates a visual sense of direction in a way such as lighting up in sequence or gradually getting brighter, so that the user can easily distinguish the current direction.

[0080] Please refer to Figure 3ASchematic diagram of the internal circuit of the general charging device of the present invention applied to the V2L operation mode, and with reference to Figures 1A - 2 . The general charging device 100 includes a charging cable 1 and a power device 2. One end of the charging cable 1 (i.e., the first connection device) is coupled to the device connector 2A of the power device 2 such as a socket through a pluggable connector 1B, and the other end is coupled to the vehicle connector 200A of the electric vehicle 200 (i.e., the first electric vehicle 200-1) through a vehicle-end connector 1A. Therefore, the power line P (which may include a live wire L, a ground wire N, a neutral wire PE, and so on for three-phase power) the control pilot wire CP, and the connection pilot wire PP can be coupled to the power device 2 and the electric vehicle 200 through the pluggable connector 1B and the vehicle-end connector 1A.

[0081] The power device 2 includes a switch SW, a controller MCU, and a resistor RP, and may further include power output ports such as a socket port 22 and a USB port 24. The controller MCU includes a control pilot terminal Ecp, a connection pilot terminal Epp, and a power receiving terminal Eps. Among them, the USB port 24 is preferably a Type-C connection port, but not limited thereto. An AC / DC converter (not shown) may also be included inside the power supply socket to convert AC power into DC power. The power receiving terminal Eps of the controller MCU is coupled to the power line P, and the control pilot terminal Ecp of the controller MCU is coupled to the control pilot wire CP. The resistor RP is coupled to the connection pilot terminal Epp of the controller MCU, and one end of the switch SW is coupled to the connection pilot wire PP. The controller MCU selectively controls the other end of the switch SW to be coupled to the control pilot wire CP or the resistor RP, and when the controller MCU is disabled (i.e., the controller MCU has no power and does not work), the switch SW shorts the control pilot wire CP and the connection pilot wire PP, shorting the contacts of these two lines of the vehicle-end connector 1A and the vehicle connector 200A.

[0082] When confirming the connection of the electric vehicle 200 to the power device 2, the electric vehicle 200 will attempt to handshake communicate with the controller MCU by providing a communication signal Sp through the control lead CP. Therefore, when the controller MCU receives the communication signal Sp provided by the electric vehicle 200 through the control lead CP, the controller MCU enables the energy of this communication signal Sp as the first operating power VCC1. When the controller MCU is enabled, the controller MCU controls the switch SW to open the control lead CP and the connection lead PP, and the resistor RP is coupled to the connection lead PP through the actuation of the switch SW. When the resistor RP is coupled to the connection lead PP, the coupling of the resistor RP can change the impedance on the connection lead PP, so the impedance on the connection lead PP can be adjusted to a specific impedance. The electric vehicle 200 can obtain the specific impedance through the connection lead PP, and know that the current operation mode to be executed is V2L according to the specific impedance, and confirm the specification information together, so as to set various parameters of the electric vehicle 200 for the power device 2 (such as but not limited to the upper limit of the discharge current, the discharge time, etc.). That is, when the resistor RP is coupled to the connection lead PP, the voltage on its path is affected by the specific impedance formed by the resistors R6, R7, and RP to generate a specific voltage. Therefore, the electric vehicle 200 can know that the current mode needs to operate in the V2L discharge mode according to this specific voltage.

[0083] On the other hand, the controller MCU can also change the operation mode of the charging device 100 by adjusting the impedance on the connection lead PP and its corresponding voltage. For example but not limited to, when an abnormality occurs during the discharge process of the electric vehicle 200 to the power device 2, the controller MCU can control the switch SW to open the connection lead PP and the resistor RP. At this time, the electric vehicle 200 receives a specific voltage representing device abnormality from the connection lead PP, so the electric vehicle 200 interrupts the communication signal Sp transmitted to the control lead CP to interrupt the handshake communication between the controller MCU and the electric vehicle 200. On the other hand, when an abnormality occurs during the discharge process of the electric vehicle 200 to the power device 2, the controller MCU can selectively control the switch SW to short-circuit the control lead CP and the connection lead PP, or still keep the control lead CP and the connection lead PP open, which does not affect the judgment of device abnormality.

[0084] When the user presses the push switch S3 to generate a trigger Tg, causing a change in the voltage across the connection lead PP to the neutral line PE, the electric vehicle 200 and the controller MCU confirm the completion of the connection between the electric vehicle 200 and the vehicle-end connector 1A based on this voltage change. In addition, the controller MCU can handshake and communicate with the electric vehicle 200 through the control lead CP (i.e., mutually transmit communication signals Sp) to obtain and confirm power parameters such as, for example but not limited to, the magnitude of the dischargeable current (this operation is generally after confirming the operation mode, but is not limited thereto). Therefore, the controller MCU confirms the completion of the connection between the electric vehicle 200 and the vehicle-end connector 1A through a specific voltage and voltage change of the connection lead PP, and knows that the current mode needs to operate in the V2L discharge mode. Moreover, the controller MCU also obtains power parameters by handshake and communicating with the electric vehicle 200 through the control lead CP. Finally, when the above operations are completed, the controller MCU can control the electric vehicle 200 to provide supply power Ps to the power line P, so that the power supply socket receives the supply power Ps from the power line P.

[0085] Refer again to Figure 3A , the power device 2 further includes a conversion circuit 26. The conversion circuit 26 is coupled between the power receiving end Eps and the power line P, and the conversion circuit 26 can preferably be a buck converter. When the controller MCU completes the handshake communication with the electric vehicle 200 and controls the electric vehicle 200 to provide supply power Ps to the power line P, the power device 2 can receive the supply power Ps corresponding to the power parameters through the power line P. Therefore, the conversion circuit 26 can receive the supply power Ps on the power line P and convert the supply power Ps into the second working power VCC2. When the power device 2 receives the second working power VCC2 from the power receiving end Eps, the controller MCU changes the power acquisition source from the first working power VCC1 to the second working power VCC2. In this way, the electric vehicle 200 can be used to supply power to the internal controller MCU of the power device 2 through the charging cable 1 first by the first working power VCC1, and after the controller MCU is started, it is supplied by the second working power VCC2, achieving the effect of not requiring an additional power supply source (such as, for example but not limited to, a battery, an external power supply, etc.) for startup.

[0086] Please refer to Figure 3B is a schematic diagram of the internal circuit of the general charging device of the present invention applied to the V2H operation mode. Referring again in conjunction with Figures 1A - 3AOne end of the charging cable 1 (i.e., the first connection device) is coupled to the device connector 2A of the emergency power supply socket or other power devices 2 through a pluggable connector 1B, and the other end is coupled to the vehicle connector 200A of the electric vehicle 200 (i.e., the first electric vehicle 200-1) through the vehicle end connector 1A. When the household AC power supply is cut off, the electric vehicle 200 can replace the generator and provide the supply power Ps to the socket port 22 to supply power to the residence 400 for emergency backup. Since its circuit structure and operation mode are similar to those of Figure 3A , the difference is only that it mainly operates in the situation of household AC power outage, so its circuit structure and operation mode will not be elaborated further.

[0087] Please refer to Figure 3C which is the internal circuit schematic diagram of the general charging device of the present invention applied to the V2V operation mode, and then cooperate with referring to Figures 1A - 3B . Figure 3C And Figures 3A - 3B The difference from Figure 3C is that Figures 3A - 3B the power device 2 and the charging cable 1 are integrated into a single module. That is, the charging cable 1 can be called the first connection device, and the first connection device (charging cable 1) and the power device 2 are integrated into the integrated vehicle end connector 1D as shown in Figure 3C (hereinafter collectively referred to as the integrated vehicle end connector 1D). And, the integrated vehicle end connector 1D is used to couple to the vehicle connector 200A of the first electric vehicle 200-1 that provides power. In addition, the charging device 100 further includes a second connection device, and the second connection device is the charging cable 3. The charging cable 3 is similar to Figure 2 , 3A the charging cable 1 described in 3B, and it also includes a power line, a control guide line, and a connection guide line. For clear distinction, the power line P1, the control guide line CP1, and the connection guide line PP1 of the first connection device and the power line P2, the control guide line CP2, and the connection guide line PP2 of the charging cable 3 are thus divided. The vehicle end connector 1A of the charging cable 3 is used to couple to the second electric vehicle 200-2 that receives power, and the pluggable connector 1B of the charging cable 3 is coupled to the integrated vehicle end connector 1D.

[0088] Furthermore, the controller MCU is similar to Figure 3A , 3B , including coupling the control guide end and the connection guide end of the first electric vehicle 200-1, and the power receiving end Eps. In addition, it also includes coupling the control guide end and the connection guide end of the second electric vehicle 200-2. For clear distinction, the first control guide end Ecp1, the first connection guide end Epp1, the second control guide end Ecp2, and the second connection guide end Epp2 are thus divided. The operations of the first control guide end Ecp1 and the first connection guide end Epp1 are similar to those of Figure 3A, 3B Similarly, the electric vehicle 200-1 can also determine that the operation mode is the discharge mode of V2V according to a specific impedance, and the controller MCU can handshake and communicate with the first electric vehicle 200-1 through the first control lead CP1 according to the discharge mode of V2V.

[0089] On the other hand, the controller MCU also sets the impedance of the second connection lead PP2 to another specific impedance, so that the second electric vehicle 200-2 can confirm the specification information of the charging device 100 through another specific impedance. Among them, in order to clearly distinguish the specific impedances of the connection leads PP1 and PP2, the first specific impedance of the first connection lead PP1 and the second specific impedance of the second connection lead PP2 are divided. And the value of the first specific impedance can be the same as or different from the second specific impedance, as long as it can be used by the electric vehicles 200-1 and 200-2 and / or the controller MCU to judge the operation in the discharge mode of V2V and confirm the specification information.

[0090] After the controller MCU sets the impedance of the second connection lead PP2 to the second specific impedance, the controller MCU handshake-communicates with the second electric vehicle 200-2 through the second control lead CP2 (i.e., through the mutual transmission of the communication signal Sp) to obtain and confirm power parameters such as, for example but not limited to, the magnitude of the dischargeable current. And after the three-way communication among the first electric vehicle 200-1, the second electric vehicle 200-2 and the controller MCU confirms the power parameters, the first electric vehicle 200-1 supplies power to the second electric vehicle 200-2 through the integrated vehicle-end connector 1D and the charging cable 3 with the supplied power Ps. Also refer to Figure 3C , the charging cable 3 is similar to Figure 2 , it may also include a trigger circuit 12, and the circuit structure and operation mode of the trigger circuit 12 are similar to Figures 2 - 3B , which will not be elaborated here.

[0091] Please refer to Figure 3D which is a waveform timing diagram of the operation mode of the general charging device of the present invention being the discharge mode, and also refer to Figures 1A - 3C . Figure 3D It can be referred to in conjunction with Figures 3A - 3CDuring the operation, the solid line L1 represents one of the signals (voltages) on the control pilot wire CP and the connection pilot wire PP, and the dashed line L2 represents the other signal (voltage). At time t0 - t1, the electric vehicle 200 is not connected to the charging device 100. Therefore, the controller MCU is not activated, and the control pilot wire CP does not receive any signal. The charging device 100 does not operate in the discharge modes of V2L, V2H, and V2V, causing the signals (voltages) of both to be 0. At time t1 - t2, the electric vehicle 200 is connected to the charging device 100, and the electric vehicle 200 provides a communication signal Sp to the control pilot terminal of the controller MCU through the control pilot wire CP. Since the switch SW shorts the control pilot wire CP and the connection pilot wire PP when the controller MCU has not been activated, the signals (voltages) on the control pilot wire CP and the connection pilot wire PP are the same. At this time, since the controller MCU has not been activated, the charging device 100 does not operate in the discharge modes of V2L, V2H, and V2V.

[0092] At time t2 - t3, the controller MCU has been activated, and the control switch SW conducts the resistance RP and the connection pilot wire PP. Therefore, the signals (voltages) on the control pilot wire CP and the connection pilot wire PP are different, and the electric vehicle 200 can know that the current operation mode to be operated is the discharge mode of V2L, V2H, and V2V according to the signal (voltage) on the connection pilot wire PP. Among them, the change of the signal (voltage) on the connection pilot wire PP corresponds to the resistance value of the resistance RP. Therefore, assuming that the connection of the resistance RP causes the signal (voltage) on the connection pilot wire PP to change to a specific potential Vx, the electric vehicle 200 can know that the current operation mode to be operated is V2L. Finally, at time t3, the electric vehicle 200 is detached from the charging device 100, so the signals (voltages) of both return to 0 again. It is worth mentioning that the above specific potential Vx is only a schematic example. In fact, at time t2 - t3, the signal (voltage) on the connection pilot wire PP may be higher or lower than the signal (voltage) on the control pilot wire CP due to the operation mode. Therefore, the heights of the solid line L1 and the dashed line L2 are not fixed values.

[0093] Please refer to Figure 4A which is the internal circuit schematic diagram of the general charging device of the present invention applied to the M2 operation mode. Referring further to Figures 1A - 3D . Figure 4A The charging device 100 includes a charging cable 3 and a power device 2 such as, but not limited to, an IC-CPD charger. The circuit structure of the charging cable 3 is similar to Figure 3C。The power device 2 is coupled between the charging cable 3 and the extension plug 300, and the vehicle-end connector 1A of the charging cable 3 is connected to the electric vehicle 200. Further, after the charging cable 3 is coupled to the electric vehicle 200 and the power device 2, the controller MCU changes the impedance of the connection guide wire PP to a specific impedance through the connection guide end Epp according to the charging mode with the operation mode M2, so as to inform the electric vehicle 200 that the current operation mode is the charging mode of M2 through the specific impedance. And, the controller MCU communicates with the electric vehicle 200 through the control guide wire CP for handshaking (i.e., through the mutual transmission of the communication signal Sp), so as to obtain and confirm power parameters such as, for example but not limited to, the magnitude of the dischargeable current. After the confirmation is completed, the controller MCU controls the power switch SWp to conduct, so as to provide the supply power Ps to supply power to the electric vehicle 200. It is worth mentioning that, in an embodiment, the power device 2 may selectively include a conversion circuit to convert the mains power received by the extension plug 300 into a suitable supply power Ps to charge the electric vehicle 200.

[0094] Please refer to Figure 4B is the internal circuit schematic diagram of the general charging device of the present invention applied to the M3 operation mode. Referring to Figures 1A - 4A 。 Figure 4B The charging device 100 includes a charging cable 3 and a power device 2 such as, for example but not limited to, an AC charging pile or a wall-mounted type. The circuit structure of the charging cable 3 is similar to Figure 3C 。The power device 2 is coupled to the charging cable 3, and the vehicle-end connector 1A of the charging cable 3 is connected to the electric vehicle 200. And, Figure 4B the circuit of Figure 4A After the operation similar to

[0095] Please refer to Figure 5 is the flowchart of the operation method of the charging device of the present invention. Referring to Figures 1A - 4B. The operation method of the charging device mainly involves, in the operation modes of V2L, V2H, and V2V, using the electric vehicle 200 to supply power to the internal controller (not shown in the figure) of the power device 2 in advance through the charging cable 1 for subsequent charge and discharge operations. Specifically, the operation method of the charging device 100 includes short-circuiting the control lead and the connection lead of the device when there is no first working power (S100). In a preferred embodiment, one end of the switch SW is coupled to the connection lead PP, and the other end of the switch SW is selectively controlled by the controller MCU to be coupled to the control lead CP or the resistor RP. When the controller MCU is disabled (i.e., the controller MCU has no power and does not work), the switch SW is preset to short-circuit the control lead CP and the connection lead PP, short-circuiting the contact points of the two lines of the vehicle-side connector 1A and the vehicle connector 200A. Among them, the connection device can be the charging cable 1, but it is not limited thereto, and it can also be a device such as Figure 3C the connector 1A shown.

[0096] Then, when the connection device is coupled to the electric vehicle, receive the first working power provided by the electric vehicle through the control lead (S120). When the controller MCU receives the communication signal Sp provided by the electric vehicle 200 through the control lead CP, the controller MCU enables the energy of this communication signal Sp as the first working power VCC1. Then, disconnect the first control lead and the first connection lead according to the first working power, and couple the resistor to the first connection lead (S140). When the controller MCU is enabled, the controller MCU controls the switch SW to disconnect the control lead CP and the connection lead PP, and the resistor RP is coupled to the connection lead PP through the actuation of the switch SW.

[0097] Finally, adjust the impedance on the first connection lead to a specific impedance by coupling the resistor to the first connection lead, and the specific impedance is used for the electric vehicle to know the current operation mode to be executed (S160). When the resistor RP is coupled to the connection lead PP, the coupling of the resistor RP can change the impedance on the connection lead PP, so the impedance on the connection lead PP can be adjusted to a specific impedance. The electric vehicle 200 obtains the specific impedance through the connection lead PP, and knows the current operation mode to be executed according to the specific impedance, and also confirms the specification information, so as to set various parameters of the electric vehicle 200 for the power device 2 (such as but not limited to the upper limit of the discharge current, the discharge time, etc.). It is worth mentioning that in an embodiment, the detailed operation method of the charging device can be referred to in Figures 1A - 4B , or inferred from the content recorded in Figures 1A - 4B , which will not be elaborated here.

[0098] However, as described above, it is only a detailed description and drawings of a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention. However, the features of the present invention are not limited thereto and are not intended to limit the present invention. The entire scope of the present invention shall be subject to the following patent application scope. All embodiments that conform to the spirit of the patent application scope of the present invention and its similar variations should be included in the scope of the present invention. Any changes or modifications that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the field of the present invention can be covered by the patent scope of this case below.

Claims

1. A charging device, wherein, Comprising a first connection device, and the first connection device includes a first power line with one end used to couple to a first electric vehicle, a first control guide line, and a first connection guide line. The charging device further includes: A power device, coupled to the other ends of the first power line, the first control guide line, and the first connection guide line, and the power device includes: A switch, coupled to the first connection guide line; A controller, coupled to the first power line and the first control guide line, and when the controller is disabled, the switch shorts the first control guide line and the first connection guide line; and A resistor, coupled to the controller; Wherein, when the controller is enabled by receiving a first working power provided by the first electric vehicle through the first control guide line, the controller controls the switch to open the first control guide line and the first connection guide line, and the resistor is coupled to the first connection guide line through the actuation of the switch to adjust the impedance on the first connection guide line to a first specific impedance, and the first specific impedance is used for the first electric vehicle to know a current operation mode to be executed.

2. The charging device according to claim 1, wherein, The controller includes: A first control guide end, coupled to the first control guide line, and the controller communicates with the first electric vehicle through the first control guide end to obtain a power parameter; A first connection guide end, coupled to the resistor, and coupled to the first connection guide line through the conduction of the switch; and A power receiving end, coupled to a conversion circuit of the power device; Wherein, the power device receives a supply power corresponding to the power parameter through the first power line, and the conversion circuit converts the supply power into a second working power; when the power device receives the second working power from the power receiving end, the controller changes the power acquisition source from the first working power to the second working power.

3. The charging device according to claim 1, wherein, When an abnormality occurs in the operation of the charging device, the controller controls the switch to open the first connection guide line and the resistor to interrupt the handshake communication with the first electric vehicle.

4. The charging device according to claim 1, wherein, The power device is a power supply socket, and the first specific impedance is used for the first electric vehicle to know that the operation mode is a vehicle-to-load mode, so that the controller communicates with the first electric vehicle through the first control guide line in the vehicle-to-load mode and the first electric vehicle supplies power to the power supply socket accordingly.

5. The charging device according to claim 1, wherein, The power device is an emergency power supply socket, and the first specific impedance is used for the first electric vehicle to know that the operation mode is a vehicle-to-home mode, so that the controller communicates with the first electric vehicle through the first control guide line in the vehicle-to-home mode and the first electric vehicle supplies power to the emergency power supply socket accordingly.

6. The charging device according to claim 1, wherein, The first connection device further includes: A trigger circuit, coupled to the first power line and the first connection guide line, and generating a change in impedance on the first connection guide line according to a trigger, Wherein, the controller confirms that the connection between the power device and the first electric vehicle is completed according to the change in impedance.

7. The charging device according to claim 1, wherein, Further includes: A second connection device, comprising a second power line, a second control guide wire and a second connection guide wire, and one end of the second power line, the second control guide wire and the second connection guide wire is used to couple to a second electric vehicle, and the other end is coupled to the power device; Wherein, the first specific impedance is used for the first electric vehicle to know that the operation mode is a vehicle-to-vehicle mode, so as to handshake and communicate with the first electric vehicle through the first control guide wire according to the vehicle-to-vehicle mode, and enable the controller to handshake and communicate with the second electric vehicle through the second control guide wire in the vehicle-to-vehicle mode, and accordingly supply power from the first electric vehicle to the second electric vehicle.

8. The charging device according to claim 7, wherein, The controller includes: A second control guide end, coupled to the second control guide wire, and the controller handshake and communicates with the second electric vehicle through the second control guide end; and A second connection guide end, coupled to the second connection guide wire, and the controller sets the impedance on the second connection guide wire to a second specific impedance, and the second specific impedance is used for the second electric vehicle to confirm a specification information of the charging device.

9. The charging device according to claim 7, wherein, The second connection device further includes: A trigger circuit, coupled to the second power line and the second connection guide wire, and generates a change in impedance on the second connection guide wire according to a trigger; Wherein, the controller confirms that the connection between the power device and the second electric vehicle is completed according to the change in impedance.

10. The charging device according to claim 1, wherein, The charging device further includes: An LED indicator, disposed on the first connection device, and used to indicate a current direction of a current flowing through the first connection device.

11. A method for operating a charging device, wherein, The charging device includes a first connection device and a power device, and the power device includes a resistor. The operation method includes the following steps: When there is no first working power, short-circuit a first control guide wire and a first connection guide wire of the first connection device; When the first connection device is coupled to a first electric vehicle, receive the first working power provided by the first electric vehicle through the first control guide wire; Open the first control guide wire and the first connection guide wire according to the first working power, and couple the resistor to the first connection guide wire; and Adjust the impedance on the first connection guide wire to a first specific impedance by coupling the resistor to the first connection guide wire, and the first specific impedance is used for the first electric vehicle to know a current operation mode to be executed.

12. The operating method according to claim 11, wherein, The charging device includes a conversion circuit, and the operation method further includes the following steps: Handshake and communicate with the first electric vehicle through the first control guide wire to obtain a power parameter; Receive a supply power corresponding to the power parameter through a first power line of the first connection device; Control the conversion circuit to convert the supply power into a second working power; And When receiving the second working power, change the power acquisition source from the first working power to the second working power.

13. The operating method according to claim 11, wherein, It further includes the following steps: Judge that an abnormality occurs in the operation of the charging device; and Open the first connection guide wire and the resistor to interrupt the handshake communication with the first electric vehicle.

14. The operating method according to claim 11, wherein, It further includes the following steps: Supply the first specific impedance to the first electric vehicle to know that the operation mode is a vehicle-to-load mode or a vehicle-to-home mode; Perform handshake communication with the first electric vehicle through the first control lead wire according to the vehicle-to-load mode or the vehicle-to-home mode of the vehicle; and After the handshake communication is completed, the first electric vehicle supplies power to the power device.

15. The operating method according to claim 11, wherein, It further includes the following steps: Generate a change in impedance on the first connection lead wire according to a trigger; and Confirm that the connection between the power device and the first electric vehicle is completed according to the change in impedance.

16. The operating method according to claim 11, wherein, The charging device includes a second connection device for coupling a second electric vehicle, and the operation method further includes the following steps: Supply the first specific impedance to the first electric vehicle to let it know that the operation mode is the vehicle-to-vehicle mode, and perform handshake communication with the first electric vehicle through the first control lead wire according to the vehicle-to-vehicle mode; Perform handshake communication with the second electric vehicle through a second control lead wire of the second connection device according to the vehicle-to-vehicle mode; and After the handshake communication is completed, the first electric vehicle supplies power to the second electric vehicle.

17. The operating method according to claim 16, wherein It further includes the following steps: Set the impedance on a second connection guiding line of the second connection device to a second specific impedance for the second electric vehicle to confirm a specification information of the charging device.

18. The operating method according to claim 17, wherein, It further includes the following steps: Generate a change in impedance on the second connection lead wire according to a trigger; and Confirm that the connection between the power device and the second electric vehicle is completed according to the change in impedance.

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