Long-acting antifouling device for centralized self-flowing type cooling system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of ship sea cooling systems, and provides a concentrated self-flowing type cooling system long-acting antifouling device which comprises a concentrated self-flowing sea cooling loop, a seawater concentrated heat exchanger, an ultrasonic generator, a power supply, a switch control assembly and an induction excitation type seawater pump. The seawater centralized heat exchanger is used for cooling a ship heat source, and a piezoelectric coating is sprayed on the surface of a tube plate of the seawater centralized heat exchanger; the ultrasonic generator is used for sending ultrasonic waves to the seawater centralized heat exchanger; the induction excitation type sea water pump is connected with the concentrated self-circulation sea cooling loop and the switch control assembly and used for driving sea water in the concentrated self-circulation sea cooling loop to flow and controlling the switch control assembly according to the navigational speed of a ship or the flow speed of the sea water in the sea water concentrated heat exchanger. And the switch control assembly is matched to control the on-off between the power supply and the ultrasonic generator. Timing automatic cleaning of the sea heat exchanger is achieved, and the long-term operation reliability of the sea cooling system is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of ship sea cooling systems, and in particular to a long-term anti-fouling device for a centralized gravity cooling system. Background Art

[0002] The ship sea cooling system is a key system used in ship engineering to cool heat sources such as generator sets and electromechanical equipment. Its main function is to promptly remove the heat generated by the equipment during operation by circulating seawater or other cooling media, ensuring that the equipment operates efficiently within the normal temperature range and avoiding performance degradation or damage caused by overheating.

[0003] In order to reduce the power consumption of the sea-going pump source for delivering cooling water to the sea-going heat exchanger, large ships generally adopt centralized gravity cooling technology. Under certain speed conditions, the seawater can be guided into the seawater centralized heat exchanger by gravity with the help of a "bucket" installed on the side of the ship, thereby realizing gravity cooling without seawater pump drive and improving the economy of ship system operation. It should be noted that a spare seawater pump is usually configured in the centralized gravity cooling system. Under medium and low speed gravity conditions, the seawater pump is driven by the water flow and acts as a resistance part; under high speed conditions, when the water supply capacity of the "bucket" is insufficient, the cooling water supply and cooling load export capacity can be increased by running the seawater pump.

[0004] In the above-mentioned centralized gravity-flow sea cooling system, since the cooling load outlet channel is highly concentrated, once dirt blockage occurs, it will seriously affect the normal cooling of the heat-generating equipment, so the channel smoothness requirements are extremely high. Among them, marine organism attachment is a key factor affecting the normal operation of the centralized gravity-flow sea cooling system. When the ship is running in seawater, it will attract various free microorganisms, animals and plants to attach and grow on the functional surface of the sea heat exchanger. Long-term development will eventually form a marine organism attachment layer, especially under the condition of low seawater in the system of low-speed navigation (or mooring) of the ship, marine organisms are very easy to attach to the head tube sheet, and the growth rate is very fast, which seriously affects the normal operation of the heat exchanger. In order to slow down the attachment and growth of marine organisms, various solutions such as electrolysis of seawater, release of chemical agents and anti-fouling coatings have emerged one after another, but there are generally various problems such as low efficiency, high consumption and poor sustainability, which are difficult to meet the needs of efficient and reliable operation of the centralized gravity-flow sea cooling system, especially the need to prevent fouling of the sea cooling system under long-term low speed or mooring conditions. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention provides a long-term anti-fouling device for a centralized gravity-flow cooling system, which is used to solve the defect in the prior art that under the condition of low seawater in the system when the ship is sailing at a low speed (or mooring), marine organisms are very easy to attach to the head tube sheet and grow very fast, which seriously affects the normal operation of the heat exchanger, so as to realize the regular automatic cleaning of the sea-going heat exchanger and improve the long-term operation reliability of the sea-going cooling system.

[0006] The present invention provides a long-term anti-fouling device for a centralized self-flowing cooling system, including: A centralized self-circulating seawater cooling circuit for circulating and introducing seawater; A seawater centralized heat exchanger, which is connected to the centralized self-circulating seawater cooling circuit and is used to cool the ship heat source by exchanging heat with seawater. A piezoelectric coating is sprayed on the tube sheet surface of the seawater centralized heat exchanger; An ultrasonic generator, which is correspondingly arranged with the seawater centralized heat exchanger and is used to send ultrasonic waves to the seawater centralized heat exchanger; A power supply, which is electrically connected to the ultrasonic generator; A switch control component, which is connected between the power supply and the ultrasonic generator; An induction excitation type seawater pump, which is respectively connected to the centralized self-circulating seawater cooling circuit and the switch control component. The induction excitation type seawater pump is used to drive the seawater in the centralized self-circulating seawater cooling circuit to flow, and according to the ship speed or the seawater flow rate in the seawater centralized heat exchanger, cooperate with the switch control component to control the on-off between the power supply and the ultrasonic generator.

[0007] According to a long-term anti-fouling device for a centralized self-flowing cooling system provided by the present invention, the ultrasonic generator is arranged inside the head of the seawater centralized heat exchanger.

[0008] According to a long-term anti-fouling device for a centralized self-flowing cooling system provided by the present invention, the switch control component includes a normally closed switch and an electromagnetic device. The normally closed switch is connected in series between the power supply and the ultrasonic generator. The electromagnetic device is connected to the induction excitation type seawater pump. The induction excitation type seawater pump is used to generate electricity according to the seawater scouring speed and supply power to the electromagnetic device to realize the on-off control of the circuit between the power supply and the ultrasonic generator according to the ship speed.

[0009] According to a long-term anti-fouling device for a centralized self-flowing cooling system provided by the present invention, the long-term anti-fouling device for the centralized self-flowing cooling system further includes a time control switch, which is connected in series between the power supply and the ultrasonic generator and opens and closes according to a preset interval time.

[0010] According to a long-term anti-fouling device for a centralized self-flowing cooling system provided by the present invention, the relationship between the running time DT1 and the interval time DT2 of the ultrasonic generator and the marine organism attachment period is: T1 < DT2 < T2 < DT1 < T3 Among them, from 0 to T1, organic molecules in seawater form an organic film, providing nutrients for the attachment of marine organisms. From T1 to T2, bacteria and small animals and plants adhere to the organic film to form a microbial film. From T2 to T3, dormant bodies of prokaryotes, animal larvae and seaweeds begin to grow on the surface of the microbial film to form a biological community. After T3, large fouling organisms grow rapidly.

[0011] According to a long-term antifouling device for a centralized self-flowing cooling system provided by the present invention, a high thermal conductivity material is doped in the piezoelectric coating.

[0012] According to a long-term antifouling device for a centralized self-flowing cooling system provided by the present invention, the centralized self-flowing seawater cooling circuit includes a centralized heat exchanger inlet pipe and a centralized heat exchanger outlet pipe. An inlet and a drain are provided on the ship's side. The centralized heat exchanger inlet pipe is connected between the seawater centralized heat exchanger and the inlet, and the centralized heat exchanger outlet pipe is connected between the seawater centralized heat exchanger and the drain. The induction excitation seawater pump is arranged on the centralized heat exchanger inlet pipe.

[0013] According to a long-term antifouling device for a centralized self-flowing cooling system provided by the present invention, the centralized self-flowing seawater cooling circuit further includes a drainage bucket, which is arranged outside the inlet, and the drainage bucket is used to introduce seawater into the centralized heat exchanger inlet pipe through the inlet.

[0014] According to a long-term antifouling device for a centralized self-flowing cooling system provided by the present invention, the frequency of the ultrasonic generator is 18 kHz - 25 kHz.

[0015] According to a long-term antifouling device for a centralized self-flowing cooling system provided by the present invention, the ultrasonic waves emitted by the ultrasonic generator include linearly frequency-up-and-down ultrasonic waves, stepwise frequency-up-and-down ultrasonic waves and curve-shaped frequency-up-and-down ultrasonic waves.

[0016] The long-term anti-fouling device of the centralized self-flowing cooling system provided by the present invention can generate high-frequency ultrasonic waves in the areas where marine organisms are likely to adhere by setting the ultrasonic generator corresponding to the low-flow part of the seawater centralized heat exchanger, eliminating the blind area of the ultrasonic cleaning effect, facilitating the mechanical vibration effect of the ultrasonic waves, and effectively peeling off the marine organisms and dirt adhering to the surface of the heat exchange tubes. Moreover, under the interaction of the induction-excited seawater pump and the switch control component, the ultrasonic generator can automatically control the generation of ultrasonic waves according to the change of seawater flow rate. Under low-speed or berthing conditions, the ultrasonic generator automatically starts for cleaning; at high sailing speeds, the ultrasonic generator automatically shuts down to avoid unnecessary energy consumption. At the same time, the piezoelectric coating sprayed on the tube sheet surface will generate pulsed electrical signals under the action of ultrasonic waves, and these pulsed electrical signals can simulate the defense mechanism of marine organisms to interfere with the attachment process of marine organisms, further enhancing the anti-fouling effect. In this way, through the synergistic effect of the mechanical vibration of ultrasonic waves and the pulsed electrical signals of the piezoelectric coating, the system can effectively remove and prevent the attachment of marine organisms, reduce the accumulation of dirt on the surface of the heat exchange tubes, thereby reducing the risk of performance degradation of the heat exchanger and system failures caused by the attachment of marine organisms and dirt blockage, and significantly improving the reliability and economy of the seawater cooling system during long-term operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the composition of the centralized self-flowing seawater cooling system provided by the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the composition principle of the automatic anti-fouling device provided by the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the attachment law of marine organisms provided by the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the opening and closing cycle of the time control switch provided by the present invention.

[0022] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the linear rise / fall ultrasonic frequency spectrum provided by the present invention.

[0023] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the stepped rise / fall ultrasonic frequency spectrum provided by the present invention.

[0024] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the curve-type rise / fall ultrasonic frequency spectrum provided by the present invention.

[0025] Reference Signs: 10, Drainage bucket; 20, Inlet pipe of the central heat exchanger; 30, Induction-excited seawater pump; 40, Central seawater heat exchanger; 401, Head; 402, Tube sheet; 403, Piezoelectric coating; 404, High thermal conductivity material; 50, Outlet pipe of the central heat exchanger; 60, Seawater discharge pipe; 70, Ultrasonic generator; 80, Power supply; 90, Time control switch; 100, Normally closed switch; 110, Electromagnetic device. Detailed Embodiment

[0026] The following further describes in detail the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments. The following embodiments are used to illustrate the present invention, but cannot be used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0027] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation to the embodiments of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0028] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0029] In the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the first feature being "above" or "below" the second feature can be that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are indirectly in contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature being "above", "over" and "on" the second feature can be that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicates that the first feature has a higher horizontal height than the second feature. The first feature being "below", "beneath" and "under" the second feature can be that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or merely indicates that the first feature has a lower horizontal height than the second feature.

[0030] In the description of this specification, the descriptions referring to terms such as "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" etc. mean that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the embodiments of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0031] The following is combined with Figures 1 to 7 , and the long-term anti-fouling device of the centralized self-flowing cooling system provided by the embodiments of the present invention is described in detail through specific embodiments and their application scenarios.

[0032] In the embodiments of the present invention, as Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, a long-term anti-fouling device of a centralized self-flowing cooling system includes a centralized self-circulating sea cooling circuit, a seawater centralized heat exchanger 40, an ultrasonic generator 70, a power supply 80, a switch control component, and an induction excitation type seawater pump 30. The centralized self-circulating sea cooling circuit is used to circulate and introduce seawater; the seawater centralized heat exchanger 40 is connected to the centralized self-circulating sea cooling circuit. The seawater centralized heat exchanger 40 is used to cool the ship heat source by exchanging heat with seawater. A piezoelectric coating 403 is sprayed on the tube sheet 402 surface of the seawater centralized heat exchanger 40; the ultrasonic generator 70 is correspondingly arranged with the seawater centralized heat exchanger 40. The ultrasonic generator 70 is used to send ultrasonic waves to the seawater centralized heat exchanger 40; the power supply 80 is electrically connected to the ultrasonic generator 70; the switch control component is connected between the power supply 80 and the ultrasonic generator 70; the induction excitation type seawater pump 30 is respectively connected to the centralized self-circulating sea cooling circuit and the switch control component. The induction excitation type seawater pump 30 is used to drive the seawater in the centralized self-circulating sea cooling circuit to flow, and according to the ship's speed or the flow rate of seawater in the seawater centralized heat exchanger 40, cooperate with the switch control component to control the on-off between the power supply 80 and the ultrasonic generator 70.

[0033] The centralized self-circulating sea cooling circuit, as the core circulation path of the entire cooling system, is used to introduce seawater into the system and make it circulate within the system. It provides a continuous cooling medium (seawater) for the seawater centralized heat exchanger 40, ensuring that the ship heat source can effectively transfer heat to the seawater through the heat exchange process, thereby achieving the cooling purpose. At the same time, the cooled seawater is discharged from the system through this circuit to complete the heat export.

[0034] The seawater central heat exchanger 40 is a component that realizes heat exchange in the cooling system. Through its own structural design, the heat of the ship's heat source can be efficiently transferred to the seawater flowing through its interior. The seawater absorbs heat in the heat exchanger and then its temperature rises, and subsequently it is discharged from the system, while the ship's heat source is cooled. In addition, a piezoelectric coating 403 is sprayed on the surface of its tube sheet 402, which not only helps to improve the heat exchange efficiency, but also provides a basis for the anti-fouling function, enabling the ultrasonic wave and the piezoelectric coating 403 to act together to enhance the anti-fouling effect.

[0035] The ultrasonic generator 70, as an important part of the anti-fouling device, can generate ultrasonic waves with a specific frequency. The high-frequency vibration of the ultrasonic waves can destroy the attachment conditions of marine organisms, prevent them from attaching and growing on the surface of the heat exchanger, thus effectively preventing the heat exchanger from being fouled by marine organisms and ensuring the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchanger and the normal operation of the cooling system.

[0036] The power supply 80 provides stable electric energy for the ultrasonic generator 70 to ensure that the ultrasonic generator 70 can work normally and generate effective ultrasonic waves. By cooperating with the switch control component, the power supply 80 can supply power to the ultrasonic generator 70 reasonably according to conditions such as the ship's speed or the seawater flow rate, achieving the dual goals of energy saving and efficient anti-fouling.

[0037] The switch control component plays a role in controlling the on-off between the power supply 80 and the ultrasonic generator 70. It can automatically judge whether it is necessary to start the ultrasonic generator 70 according to parameters such as the ship's speed or the seawater flow rate in the seawater central heat exchanger 40. When the ship is sailing at high speed, the seawater flow rate is relatively fast and marine organisms are not easy to attach. At this time, the switch control component can cut off the connection between the power supply 80 and the ultrasonic generator 70 to save electric energy; while when the ship is sailing at low speed or at anchor, the seawater flow rate decreases and the risk of marine organism attachment increases, and the switch control component will connect the power supply 80 and the ultrasonic generator 70 to start the anti-fouling function, thus realizing intelligent anti-fouling control and improving the adaptability and reliability of the system.

[0038] On the one hand, the induction-excitation seawater pump 30, as a power source, drives the seawater flow in the centralized self-circulating seawater cooling circuit to ensure that the seawater can continuously flow through the seawater central heat exchanger 40 to complete the heat exchange process and maintain the normal operation of the cooling system. On the other hand, the induction-excitation seawater pump 30 is also connected to the switch control component and can provide corresponding signals or power to the switch control component according to the ship's speed or the seawater flow rate in the seawater central heat exchanger 40. In the state of low ship speed or at anchor, the impact power generation ability of the seawater pump weakens and cannot provide enough excitation current for the electromagnetic device 110, thus triggering the switch control component to start the ultrasonic generator 70 to realize the automatic switching of the anti-fouling function and enhancing the automation degree and adaptability of the system.

[0039] The piezoelectric coating 403 is sprayed on the surface of the tube sheet 402 of the seawater central heat exchanger 40 and has unique physical and chemical properties. Under the action of ultrasonic waves, the piezoelectric coating 403 can generate pulsed electrical signals, which can simulate the defensive bioelectrical signals released by marine organisms when threatened, interfere with the attachment and metamorphosis processes of stubborn biological larvae such as barnacles, and further enhance the antifouling effect.

[0040] In this application, by arranging the ultrasonic generator 70 corresponding to the low-flow-rate part of the seawater central heat exchanger 40, high-frequency ultrasonic waves can be generated in the areas where marine organisms are likely to attach, eliminating the blind area of the ultrasonic cleaning effect. It is beneficial for the ultrasonic waves to have a mechanical vibration effect, which can effectively peel off the marine organisms and dirt attached to the surface of the heat exchange tubes; and under the interaction of the induction-excitation type seawater pump 30 and the switch control component, the ultrasonic generator 70 can automatically control the generation of ultrasonic waves according to the change of seawater flow rate. Under low-speed or mooring conditions, the ultrasonic generator 70 automatically starts for cleaning; at high sailing speeds, the ultrasonic generator 70 automatically shuts down to avoid unnecessary energy consumption. At the same time, the pulsed electrical signals generated by the piezoelectric coating 403 sprayed on the surface of the tube sheet 402 under the action of ultrasonic waves can simulate the defense mechanism of marine organisms, interfere with the attachment process of marine organisms, and further enhance the antifouling effect. In this way, through the synergistic effect of the mechanical vibration of ultrasonic waves and the pulsed electrical signals of the piezoelectric coating 403, the system can effectively remove and prevent the attachment of marine organisms, reduce the accumulation of dirt on the surface of the heat exchange tubes, thereby reducing the risk of performance degradation of the heat exchanger and system failures caused by the attachment of marine organisms and dirt blockage, and significantly improving the reliability and economy of the seawater cooling system during long-term operation.

[0041] Refer to Figure 2 , for a long-term antifouling device of a centralized self-flow cooling system provided by the present invention, the ultrasonic generator 70 is arranged in the head 401 of the seawater central heat exchanger 40.

[0042] It can be understood that the head 401 of the seawater central heat exchanger 40 is an integral part of the heat exchanger, usually located at both ends of the heat exchanger, playing the role of sealing and guiding the fluid flow. The internal space of the head 401 is relatively closed and is directly connected to the tube side or shell side of the heat exchanger. It is a key part for seawater to enter or exit the heat exchanger. There is usually a certain water flow buffer area inside the head 401, and the water flow speed is relatively slow, which is a part where marine organisms are easy to attach and breed. Therefore, arranging the ultrasonic generator 70 in the head 401 can act more directly on these high-risk areas and effectively prevent the attachment and growth of marine organisms. The propagation path of ultrasonic waves in the head 401 is relatively short, and the energy loss is small, which can ensure that the ultrasonic waves still have sufficient energy when reaching the inner surface of the heat exchanger, thereby improving the antifouling effect.

[0043] Refer toFigure 2 According to a long - term anti - fouling device for a centralized self - flowing cooling system provided by the present invention, the switch control assembly includes a normally - closed switch 100 and an electromagnetic device 110. The normally - closed switch 100 is connected in series between a power supply 80 and an ultrasonic generator 70. The electromagnetic device 110 is connected to an induction - excitation type seawater pump 30. The induction - excitation type seawater pump 30 is used to generate electricity according to the seawater scouring speed and supply power to the electromagnetic device 110, so as to control the on - off of the circuit between the power supply 80 and the ultrasonic generator 70 according to the ship speed.

[0044] It can be understood that the normally - closed switch 100 remains closed without external force, that is, the circuit between the power supply 80 and the ultrasonic generator 70 is defaultly connected. Ensure that the ultrasonic generator 70 can be started at any time when the anti - fouling function is required. The normally - closed switch 100 controls the on - off of the circuit between the power supply 80 and the ultrasonic generator 70. When the electromagnetic device 110 generates electromagnetic force, the contacts of the normally - closed switch 100 are pulled open to cut off the circuit; when the electromagnetic force disappears, the contacts close and the circuit is connected.

[0045] The electromagnetic device 110 is connected to the induction - excitation type seawater pump 30 and is excited by the electric energy generated by the induction - excitation type seawater pump 30. When the induction - excitation type seawater pump 30 generates electricity, the electromagnetic device 110 generates electromagnetic force. The electromagnetic force generated by the electromagnetic device 110 is used to control the action of the contacts of the normally - closed switch 100. Specifically, the electromagnetic force attracts the ferromagnetic dial of the normally - closed switch 100, making its contacts change from the closed state to the open state, thereby cutting off the circuit between the power supply 80 and the ultrasonic generator 70.

[0046] When the ship is sailing at high speed, the seawater flow rate is fast, and the induction - excitation type seawater pump 30 can generate enough electric energy to provide a stable excitation current for the electromagnetic device 110. When the ship is sailing at low speed or at anchor, the seawater flow rate is low, the power generation decreases or even stops generating electricity, which affects the excitation state of the electromagnetic device 110. By automatically controlling the excitation state of the electromagnetic device 110 according to the power generation of the induction - excitation type seawater pump 30, and then controlling the on - off of the normally - closed switch 100, the start and stop of the anti - fouling function are automatically adjusted according to the ship speed without manual intervention.

[0047] Refer to Figures 2 to 7 According to a long - term anti - fouling device for a centralized self - flowing cooling system provided by the present invention, the long - term anti - fouling device for the centralized self - flowing cooling system further includes a time - controlled switch 90. The time - controlled switch 90 is connected in series between the power supply 80 and the ultrasonic generator 70, and the time - controlled switch 90 opens and closes according to a preset interval time.

[0048] It is understandable that there is a timer inside the time control switch 90, which can set the time intervals for turning on and off. When the preset turning-on time is reached, the time control switch 90 closes the circuit and connects the power supply to make the ultrasonic generator 70 start working; when the preset turning-off time is reached, the time control switch 90 disconnects the circuit and cuts off the power supply to make the ultrasonic generator 70 stop working. According to marine biological research, the attachment and growth of marine organisms follow certain periodic laws. The time control switch 90 can set appropriate starting frequencies and durations according to these laws to effectively prevent the attachment and reproduction of marine organisms during critical time periods.

[0049] When the ship is at high speed, the external power supply for the induction-excited seawater pump 30 simultaneously supplies power for exciting the electromagnetic device 110 to form an electromagnetic force, attracting the ferromagnetic dial of the normally closed switch 100 to disconnect the connection between the power supply 80 and the ultrasonic generator 70; under medium-speed conditions, the induction-excited seawater pump 30 can generate electricity under the action of the water flow impact to excite the electromagnetic device 110 to form an electromagnetic force, and continue to attract the ferromagnetic dial of the normally closed switch 100 to keep the connection between the power supply 80 and the ultrasonic generator 70 disconnected; When the ship is sailing at low speed or even at anchor, the seawater flow rate in the seawater channel of the seawater central heat exchanger 40 is low and the flow velocity is slow. Therefore, marine organisms may gradually attach and grow. At this time, the introduced seawater flow rate is small, the seawater flow velocity for driving the induction-excited seawater pump 30 is low, and the generated electric energy is less or no electricity can be generated, and continuous electric energy cannot be supplied to the electromagnetic device 110 to form an electromagnetic force. The ferromagnetic dial of the normally closed switch 100 closes to form a connected circuit, and it is ready to supply power to the ultrasonic generator 70. With the timed opening and closing of the time control switch 90, the power supply 80 continuously supplies power to the ultrasonic generator 70 at intervals of DT2 time, and the power supply duration is DT1. Within the DT1 time range, the ultrasonic generator 70 emits ultrasonic waves with linear, stepped or curve-shaped rising (or falling) frequencies in the high-frequency range of 18 kHz - 25 kHz under program control. This frequency band covers the aversion ranges of different marine organism populations, making it difficult for various large marine organisms, biological communities, and their attached condition models and microbial films to form, thereby completely blocking the attachment and growth conditions of marine organisms and ensuring that the seawater central heat exchanger 40 will not be blocked by marine organisms during long-term low-speed sailing or anchoring conditions.

[0050] Refer to Figures 2 to 7, For a long-term anti-fouling device of a centralized self-flowing cooling system provided by the present invention, the relationship between the operation time DT1 and the interval time DT2 of the ultrasonic generator 70 and the marine organism attachment cycle is: T1 < DT2 < T2 < DT1 < T3, where 0 - T1 is the formation of an organic film by organic molecules in seawater, providing nutrients for the attachment of marine organisms; T1 - T2 is the adhesion of bacteria and small animals and plants to the organic film to form a microbial film; T2 - T3 is the start of the growth of dormant bodies of prokaryotes, animal larvae and seaweeds on the surface of the microbial film to form a biological community; after T3, large fouling organisms grow rapidly.

[0051] It can be understood that the closing and opening times DT1 and DT2 of the time control switch 90110 are set according to the attachment conditions of marine organisms, biological population models and the formation cycle law of the microbial film. Specifically: According to the law of marine organism attachment: within the time of 0 - T1, organic molecules in seawater, such as free proteins, polysaccharides and biological cell metabolites, form an organic film with a certain thickness, providing the necessary nutrient conditions for the attachment and survival of marine organisms; within the time of T1 - T2, bacteria and small animals and plants adhere to the conditional film through electrostatic force, van der Waals force, etc. under the external environmental conditions to form a microbial film; the above times are relatively short, and the formed conditional film or microbial film is easily removed by ultrasonic waves. Therefore, the ultrasonic operation interval time DT2 of the anti-fouling system needs to be greater than T1 to meet the power saving requirement, and at the same time less than T2 to achieve efficient fouling removal; at the time of T2 - T3, the resistant dormant bodies of prokaryotes, animal larvae and seaweeds begin to grow on the surface of the biofilm to form a biological community; after the time of T3, large fouling organisms grow rapidly, and at this time, ultrasonic waves are difficult to remove. Therefore, in order to achieve broad-spectrum and efficient removal of the conditional film, biofilm and biological community and avoid the growth of large fouling organisms, the ultrasonic operation time DT1 of the anti-fouling system should be greater than T2, and in order to reduce power consumption, the operation time DT1 needs to be controlled within T3.

[0052] To sum up, the relationship between the system operation time DT1 and the interval time DT2 and the marine organism attachment cycle is: T1 < DT2 < T2 < DT1 < T3.

[0053] Refer to Figure 2 , For a long-term anti-fouling device of a centralized self-flowing cooling system provided by the present invention, a high thermal conductivity material 404 is doped in the piezoelectric coating 403.

[0054] It can be understood that generally the thermal conductivity of the piezoelectric coating 403 is not good. In order to avoid the influence of coating the piezoelectric coating 403 on the heat exchange performance on the surface of the tube sheet 402, a high thermal conductivity material 404 (such as graphene, carbon nanotubes) is doped in the piezoelectric coating 403 to reduce the coating thermal resistance and improve the heat exchange performance while ensuring the anti-marine organism ability.

[0055] Refer to Figure 1, A long-term anti-fouling device for a centralized self-flow cooling system provided by the present invention. The centralized self-flow seawater cooling circuit includes a centralized heat exchanger inlet pipe 20 and a centralized heat exchanger outlet pipe 50. An inlet and a drain are provided on the ship's side. The centralized heat exchanger inlet pipe 20 is connected between the seawater centralized heat exchanger 40 and the inlet, and the centralized heat exchanger outlet pipe 50 is connected between the seawater centralized heat exchanger 40 and the drain. An induction-excitation seawater pump 30 is provided on the centralized heat exchanger inlet pipe 20.

[0056] It can be understood that the centralized self-flow seawater cooling circuit is responsible for introducing seawater from the inlet on the ship's side into the system, circulating it within the system, and finally discharging it through the drain. Among them, a seawater discharge pipe 60 can be externally connected to the drain. Seawater flows through the seawater centralized heat exchanger 40 in the cooling circuit, absorbing the heat of the ship's heat sources (such as engines, mechanical devices, etc.), thereby achieving the cooling of the ship's heat sources. The cooled seawater is discharged out of the ship through the drain, taking the heat out of the hull to ensure the continuous and effective operation of the cooling system.

[0057] The centralized heat exchanger inlet pipe 20 connects the inlet on the ship's side to the seawater centralized heat exchanger 40, ensuring that seawater can smoothly enter the heat exchanger.

[0058] The induction-excitation seawater pump 30 is provided on the inlet pipe to provide power for the flow of seawater and at the same time generate electricity using the scouring effect of seawater to provide energy for the anti-fouling device.

[0059] The centralized heat exchanger outlet pipe 50 connects the seawater centralized heat exchanger 40 to the drain on the ship's side, ensuring that the cooled seawater can be smoothly discharged out of the ship.

[0060] The inlet on the ship's side is one of the connection points between the cooling system and the marine environment, responsible for introducing seawater into the ship. The drain is the outlet through which the cooling system discharges the cooled seawater out of the ship.

[0061] The induction-excitation seawater pump 30 is installed on the centralized heat exchanger inlet pipe 20 to provide power for the flow of seawater. It converts mechanical energy into electrical energy to drive the seawater to circulate in the cooling circuit.

[0062] When seawater flows through the pump, electricity is generated using the scouring effect of seawater. This power generation method not only provides power for the flow of seawater but also provides electrical energy for the electromagnetic device 110 in the anti-fouling device. The power generation amount of the induction-excitation seawater pump 30 is directly related to the seawater flow rate. When the ship is sailing at high speed, the seawater flow rate is fast and the power generation amount is sufficient, which can provide a stable excitation current for the electromagnetic device 110; when sailing at low speed or at anchor, the power generation amount decreases and the electromagnetic device 110 loses magnetism, triggering the start of the anti-fouling function.

[0063] Refer to Figure 1, A long-term anti-fouling device for a centralized self-flow cooling system provided according to the present invention, the centralized self-flow seawater cooling circuit further includes a drainage bucket 10, the drainage bucket 10 is arranged outside the water inlet, and the drainage bucket 10 is used to introduce seawater into the inlet pipeline 20 of the centralized heat exchanger through the water inlet.

[0064] It can be understood that the drainage bucket 10 is installed outside the water inlet on the ship's side, and its shape is usually designed to be similar to a bucket structure, with a large opening area and a certain inclination angle. It can effectively capture the seawater on the sea surface and efficiently introduce it into the water inlet. By expanding the effective area of the water inlet, the drainage bucket 10 can increase the seawater flow rate entering the cooling system, ensuring that the cooling system has sufficient cooling medium for heat exchange.

[0065] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A long-term anti-fouling device for a centralized self-flowing cooling system, characterized in that, Comprising: A centralized self - circulating seawater cooling circuit for circulating and introducing seawater; A seawater centralized heat exchanger connected to the centralized self - circulating seawater cooling circuit, which is used to cool the ship heat source by exchanging heat with seawater, and a piezoelectric coating is sprayed on the tube sheet surface of the seawater centralized heat exchanger; An ultrasonic generator corresponding to the seawater centralized heat exchanger, which is used to send ultrasonic waves to the seawater centralized heat exchanger; A power supply electrically connected to the ultrasonic generator; A switch control component connected between the power supply and the ultrasonic generator; An induction - excited seawater pump respectively connected to the centralized self - circulating seawater cooling circuit and the switch control component, which is used to drive the seawater in the centralized self - circulating seawater cooling circuit to flow, and according to the ship's speed or the flow rate of seawater in the seawater centralized heat exchanger, cooperate with the switch control component to control the on - off between the power supply and the ultrasonic generator.

2. The long-term anti-fouling device for the centralized self-flowing cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ultrasonic generator is arranged inside the head of the seawater centralized heat exchanger.

3. The long-term anti-fouling device for the centralized self-flowing cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The switch control component includes a normally - closed switch and an electromagnetic device. The normally - closed switch is connected in series between the power supply and the ultrasonic generator. The electromagnetic device is connected to the induction - excited seawater pump. The induction - excited seawater pump is used to generate electricity according to the seawater scouring speed and supply power to the electromagnetic device to realize the on - off control of the circuit between the power supply and the ultrasonic generator according to the ship's speed.

4. The long-term anti-fouling device of the centralized self-flowing cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The long - term anti - fouling device of the centralized self - flowing cooling system further includes a time - controlled switch connected in series between the power supply and the ultrasonic generator, and the time - controlled switch opens and closes according to a preset interval time.

5. The long-term anti-fouling device for the centralized self-flowing cooling system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The relationship between the operation time DT1 and the interval time DT2 of the ultrasonic generator and the marine organism attachment cycle is: T1 < DT2 < T2 < DT1 < T3 Wherein, from 0 - T1, organic molecules in seawater form an organic film, providing nutrients for the attachment of marine organisms; From T1 - T2, bacteria and small animals and plants adhere to the organic film to form a microbial film; From T2 - T3, dormant bodies of prokaryotes, animal larvae and seaweeds begin to grow on the surface of the microbial film to form a biological community; After T3, large fouling organisms grow rapidly.

6. The long-term anti-fouling device for the centralized self-flowing cooling system according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The piezoelectric coating is doped with a high - thermal - conductivity material.

7. The long-term anti-fouling device of the centralized self-flowing cooling system according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The centralized self - circulating seawater cooling circuit includes a centralized heat exchanger inlet pipe and a centralized heat exchanger outlet pipe. Water inlets and outlets are opened on the ship's side. The centralized heat exchanger inlet pipe is connected between the seawater centralized heat exchanger and the water inlet, and the centralized heat exchanger outlet pipe is connected between the seawater centralized heat exchanger and the water outlet. The induction - excited seawater pump is arranged on the centralized heat exchanger inlet pipe.

8. The long-term anti-fouling device for the centralized self-flowing cooling system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The centralized self-circulating seawater cooling circuit further includes a drainage bucket, which is arranged outside the water inlet, and the drainage bucket is used to introduce seawater into the inlet pipeline of the centralized heat exchanger through the water inlet.

9. The long-term anti-fouling device for the centralized self-flowing cooling system according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The frequency of the ultrasonic generator is 18 kHz - 25 kHz.

10. The long-term anti-fouling device for the centralized self-flowing cooling system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The ultrasonic waves emitted by the ultrasonic generator include linearly frequency-modulated ultrasonic waves, stepwise frequency-modulated ultrasonic waves, and curvilinearly frequency-modulated ultrasonic waves.

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