Comprehensive antifouling system for ship seawater centralized heat exchanger

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of ship sea cooling systems, and provides a ship seawater concentrated heat exchanger comprehensive antifouling system which comprises a seawater cooling subsystem, an internal circulation cooling water subsystem, a seawater concentrated heat exchanger and an ultrasonic generator. The seawater channel is communicated with the seawater cooling subsystem, the internal circulation cooling medium channel is communicated with the internal circulation cooling water subsystem, the seawater centralized heat exchanger is used for carrying out heat exchange on the seawater cooling subsystem and the internal circulation cooling water subsystem, and the outer side of a heat exchange pipe of the seawater centralized heat exchanger is sprayed with a piezoelectric coating; the ultrasonic generator is arranged corresponding to the low-flow-speed part of the seawater channel and used for sending ultrasonic waves to the seawater centralized heat exchanger according to the flow speed of seawater in the seawater channel. Timing, efficient and automatic cleaning of the surface of the heat exchange pipe of the seawater heat exchanger is achieved, and the reliability of long-term operation of a sea cooling system is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of marine sea - water cooling systems, and particularly to a comprehensive anti - fouling system for a marine sea - water central heat exchanger. Background Art

[0002] The marine sea - water cooling system is a key system in ship engineering for cooling heat sources such as generator sets and electromechanical equipment. Its main function is to timely remove the heat generated during equipment operation by circulating seawater or other cooling media, ensuring that the equipment operates efficiently within the normal temperature range and avoiding performance degradation or damage caused by overheating.

[0003] Considering the complexity of seawater components, especially the adverse impact of seawater corrosion on the long - term safe and reliable operation of in - hold seawater pipelines, high - performance ships generally adopt a hierarchical cooling technology. This technology sets up a sea - water central heat exchanger for heat exchange between seawater and fresh water, and then cools the heat exchangers of ship heat - source users through fresh water. In the above - mentioned system, seawater only contacts the sea - water central heat exchanger, shortening the seawater corrosion boundary and reducing the risk of system corrosion and leakage.

[0004] In addition, in order to reduce the power consumption of the seawater pump source for delivering cooling water in the sea - water heat exchanger, a "scoop" is set on the ship side to self - flow seawater into the sea - water central heat exchanger, thereby improving the economic efficiency of the ship system operation.

[0005] On the other hand, in the above - mentioned centralized self - flowing sea - water cooling system, due to the highly concentrated export channels of the cooling load, once dirt blockage occurs, it will seriously affect the normal cooling of heat - generating equipment. Therefore, extremely high requirements are imposed on the smoothness of the channels. Among them, marine organism attachment is a key factor affecting the heat - exchange performance of the sea - water central heat exchanger. During the operation of the ship in seawater, various free microorganisms, animals and plants will be attracted to attach and grow on the functional surface of the sea - water heat exchanger. In the long run, a marine organism attachment layer will eventually be formed. Especially under the condition of low seawater temperature in the system during the low - speed navigation (or berthing) of the ship, marine organisms are extremely likely to attach to the surface of the heat - exchange tubes and grow extremely fast, seriously affecting the normal operation of the heat exchanger.

[0006] In order to slow down the attachment and growth of marine organisms, various solutions such as electrolyzed seawater, releasing chemical agents and anti - fouling coatings have emerged one after another. However, they generally have various problems such as low efficiency, high consumption and poor sustainability, and are difficult to meet the requirements of the efficient and reliable operation of the centralized self - flowing sea - water cooling system, especially difficult to meet the anti - fouling requirements of the sea - water central heat exchanger under long - term low - speed or berthing conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The present invention provides a comprehensive anti-fouling system for a concentrated seawater heat exchanger of a ship, which is used to solve the defect in the prior art that under the condition of low seawater in the system during low-speed navigation (or mooring) of the ship, marine organisms are very likely to adhere to the surface of the heat exchange tube and grow very quickly, seriously affecting the normal operation of the heat exchanger. The system realizes the regular, efficient and automatic cleaning of the surface of the heat exchange tube of the seawater heat exchanger, and improves the reliability of the long-term operation of the sea cooling system.

[0008] The present invention provides a comprehensive anti-fouling system for a ship seawater centralized heat exchanger, comprising: A seawater cooling subsystem, wherein seawater is introduced into the seawater cooling subsystem; An internal circulation cooling water subsystem, into which an internal circulation cooling medium is introduced, and the internal circulation cooling water subsystem is used to exchange heat with a heat source of the ship; A seawater concentrated heat exchanger, the seawater concentrated heat exchanger having a seawater channel and an internal circulation cooling medium channel, the seawater channel being in communication with the seawater cooling subsystem, the internal circulation cooling medium channel being in communication with the internal circulation cooling water subsystem, the seawater concentrated heat exchanger being used for exchanging heat between the seawater cooling subsystem and the internal circulation cooling water subsystem, the outer side of the heat exchange tube of the seawater concentrated heat exchanger being sprayed with a piezoelectric coating; An ultrasonic generator is arranged corresponding to a low flow velocity portion of the seawater channel, and is used for sending ultrasonic waves to the seawater concentrated heat exchanger according to the flow velocity of the seawater in the seawater channel.

[0009] According to the present invention, a comprehensive anti-fouling system for a ship seawater centralized heat exchanger also includes a power supply, a vibration generator, an electromagnetic device and a normally closed switch. The normally closed switch and the electromagnetic device are connected in series between the power supply and the ultrasonic generator. The normally closed switch cooperates with the electromagnetic device to control the on-off of the circuit between the power supply and the ultrasonic generator. The vibration generator is connected to the electromagnetic device. The vibration generator generates electricity according to the seawater flushing speed and supplies power to the electromagnetic device to realize the on-off control of the circuit between the power supply and the ultrasonic generator according to the ship speed.

[0010] According to a ship seawater centralized heat exchanger integrated anti-fouling system provided by the present invention, the ship seawater centralized heat exchanger integrated anti-fouling system also includes a time-controlled switch, which is connected in series between the power supply and the ultrasonic generator, and the time-controlled switch is opened and closed according to a preset interval time.

[0011] According to a comprehensive anti-fouling system for a concentrated seawater heat exchanger for a ship provided by the present invention, the relationship between the operation time DT1 and the interval time DT2 of the ultrasonic generator and the marine organism attachment period is: T1 < DT2 < T2 < DT1 < T3 Among them, from 0 to T1, organic molecules in seawater form an organic film, providing nutrients for the attachment of marine organisms; From T1 to T2, bacteria and small animals and plants adhere to the organic film to form a microbial film; From T2 to T3, dormant bodies of prokaryotes, animal larvae and seaweeds begin to grow on the surface of the microbial film to form a biological community; After T3, large fouling organisms grow rapidly.

[0012] According to a comprehensive anti-fouling system for a ship seawater central heat exchanger provided by the present invention, the vibration generator is arranged at a position sensitive to the seawater flow rate in the seawater channel and is arranged perpendicular to the seawater channel.

[0013] According to a comprehensive anti-fouling system for a ship seawater central heat exchanger provided by the present invention, the piezoelectric coating is doped with a high thermal conductivity material.

[0014] According to a comprehensive anti-fouling system for a ship seawater central heat exchanger provided by the present invention, the frequency of the ultrasonic generator is 18 kHz - 25 kHz.

[0015] According to a comprehensive anti-fouling system for a ship seawater central heat exchanger provided by the present invention, the ultrasonic waves emitted by the ultrasonic generator include linearly frequency-modulated ultrasonic waves, stepped frequency-modulated ultrasonic waves and curvilinearly frequency-modulated ultrasonic waves.

[0016] According to a comprehensive anti-fouling system for a ship seawater central heat exchanger provided by the present invention, the seawater cooling subsystem includes a drainage bucket and a seawater discharge pipe. The drainage bucket is communicated with the inlet of the seawater channel, and the seawater discharge pipe is communicated with the outlet of the seawater channel.

[0017] According to a comprehensive anti-fouling system for a ship seawater central heat exchanger provided by the present invention, the internal circulation cooling water subsystem includes an internal circulation cooling water inlet pipe, a fresh water pump, a heat source heat exchanger and an internal circulation cooling water outlet pipe. The internal circulation cooling water inlet pipe is communicated with the outlet of the internal circulation cooling medium channel, the internal circulation cooling water outlet pipe is communicated with the inlet of the internal circulation cooling medium channel, the heat source heat exchanger is respectively communicated with the internal circulation cooling water inlet pipe and the internal circulation cooling water outlet pipe, and the fresh water pump is connected to the internal circulation cooling water inlet pipe.

[0018] The integrated anti-fouling system for ship seawater central heat exchangers provided by the present invention can generate high-frequency ultrasonic waves in areas where marine organisms are likely to attach by setting ultrasonic generators corresponding to low-flow parts of seawater channels, eliminating the blind spots of ultrasonic cleaning, facilitating the mechanical vibration effect of ultrasonic waves, and effectively peeling off marine organisms and dirt attached to the surface of heat exchange tubes. Moreover, the ultrasonic generator can automatically control the generation of ultrasonic waves according to the change of seawater flow rate. Under low-speed or berthing conditions, the ultrasonic generator automatically starts for cleaning; at high sailing speeds, the ultrasonic generator automatically shuts down to avoid unnecessary energy consumption. At the same time, the piezoelectric coating sprayed on the outer side of the heat exchange tube will generate pulsed electrical signals under the action of ultrasonic waves, and these pulsed electrical signals can simulate the defense mechanism of marine organisms to interfere with the attachment process of marine organisms, further enhancing the anti-fouling effect. In this way, through the synergistic action of the mechanical vibration of ultrasonic waves and the pulsed electrical signals of the piezoelectric coating, the system can effectively remove and prevent the attachment of marine organisms, reduce the accumulation of dirt on the surface of heat exchange tubes, thereby reducing the risk of performance degradation of heat exchangers and system failures caused by the attachment of marine organisms and dirt blockage, and significantly improving the reliability and economy of the sea-water cooling system during long-term operation. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the composition of the centralized self-circulating sea-water cooling system provided by the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the composition principle of the integrated anti-fouling system provided by the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of a heat exchange tube sprayed with a piezoelectric coating provided by the present invention.

[0023] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the attachment law of marine organisms provided by the present invention.

[0024] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the opening and closing cycle of a time-controlled switch provided by the present invention.

[0025] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of a linear rising / falling ultrasonic frequency spectrum provided by the present invention.

[0026] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of a stepped rising / falling ultrasonic frequency spectrum provided by the present invention.

[0027] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of a curved up / down ultrasonic spectrum provided by the present invention.

[0028] Reference numerals: 10. Drain bucket; 20. Seawater centralized heat exchanger; 201. Heat exchange tube; 201a. Piezoelectric coating; 201b. High thermal conductivity material; 30. Seawater discharge pipe; 40. Inner circulation cooling water inlet pipe; 50. Fresh water pump; 60. Heat source heat exchanger; 70. Inner circulation cooling water outlet pipe; 80. Vibration generator; 90. Ultrasonic generator; 100. Power supply; 110. Time control switch; 120. Normally closed switch; 130. Electromagnetic device. Detailed implementation manners

[0029] The following further describes the implementation manners of the present invention in detail in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments. The following embodiments are used to illustrate the present invention, but cannot be used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0030] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation to the embodiments of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0031] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the terms "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

[0032] In the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the first feature being "on" or "under" the second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are indirectly in contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature being "above", "over" and "on top of" the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the horizontal height of the first feature is higher than that of the second feature. The first feature being "under", "beneath" and "underneath" the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the horizontal height of the first feature is less than that of the second feature.

[0033] In the description of this specification, the descriptions with reference to terms such as "an embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples", etc. mean that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the embodiments of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0034] The following is combined with Figures 1 to 8 , and the integrated anti-fouling system for ship seawater central heat exchangers provided by the embodiments of the present invention is described in detail through specific embodiments and their application scenarios.

[0035] In the embodiments of the present invention, as Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, an integrated anti-fouling system for a ship seawater central heat exchanger 20 includes a seawater cooling subsystem, an internal circulation cooling water subsystem, a seawater central heat exchanger 20, and an ultrasonic generator 90. Seawater is introduced into the seawater cooling subsystem; an internal circulation cooling medium is introduced into the internal circulation cooling water subsystem, and the internal circulation cooling water subsystem is used for heat exchange with the heat source of the ship; the seawater central heat exchanger 20 has a seawater channel and an internal circulation cooling medium channel. The seawater channel is communicated with the seawater cooling subsystem, and the internal circulation cooling medium channel is communicated with the internal circulation cooling water subsystem. The seawater central heat exchanger 20 is used for heat exchange between the seawater cooling subsystem and the internal circulation cooling water subsystem. A piezoelectric coating 201a is sprayed on the outer side of the heat exchange tube 201 of the seawater central heat exchanger 20; the ultrasonic generator 90 is arranged corresponding to the low-flow part of the seawater channel, and the ultrasonic generator 90 is used for sending ultrasonic waves to the seawater central heat exchanger 20 according to the flow rate of the seawater in the seawater channel.

[0036] The seawater cooling subsystem is used to introduce seawater as a cooling medium. Seawater enters the system through the diversion bucket 10 or other means, passes through the seawater channels of the seawater central heat exchanger 20, and takes away the heat in the heat exchanger, thereby achieving the cooling of the internal circulation cooling medium. The seawater cooling subsystem provides the necessary cooling capacity for the entire cooling cycle to ensure that the system can effectively reduce the temperature of the ship's heat sources.

[0037] The internal circulation cooling water subsystem is filled with an internal circulation cooling medium (usually fresh water), and its main function is to exchange heat with the ship's heat sources. The internal circulation cooling water subsystem drives the cooling medium to circulate in the system through the fresh water pump 50, and transfers the heat generated by the ship's heat sources (such as generator sets, mechanical and electrical equipment, etc.) to the seawater central heat exchanger 20. The internal circulation cooling medium exchanges heat with seawater in the seawater central heat exchanger 20, thereby achieving the export of heat and ensuring that the heat source equipment operates within the normal temperature range.

[0038] The main function of the seawater central heat exchanger 20 is to achieve heat exchange between the seawater cooling subsystem and the internal circulation cooling water subsystem.

[0039] The seawater channels are connected to the seawater cooling subsystem and are used to introduce and discharge seawater.

[0040] The internal circulation cooling medium channels are connected to the internal circulation cooling water subsystem and are used to introduce and discharge the internal circulation cooling medium.

[0041] Through these two channels, the seawater central heat exchanger 20 can efficiently transfer the heat in the internal circulation cooling medium to seawater, thereby achieving the cooling purpose.

[0042] The ultrasonic generator 90 is arranged corresponding to the low-flow part of the seawater channel and is mainly used to send ultrasonic waves to the seawater central heat exchanger 20 according to the flow rate of seawater in the seawater channel.

[0043] Under low-speed or berthing conditions, the seawater flow rate is low, and marine organisms are likely to attach to the surface of the heat exchange tubes 201. At this time, the ultrasonic generator 90 automatically starts, emits high-frequency ultrasonic waves, and uses its mechanical vibration effect to peel off the marine organisms and dirt attached to the surface of the heat exchange tubes 201.

[0044] The ultrasonic generator 90 can automatically control the generation of ultrasonic waves according to the change of seawater flow rate to ensure cleaning treatment when needed and avoid unnecessary energy consumption.

[0045] By controlling the generation of ultrasonic waves at regular intervals, the system can effectively clean at the initial stage of marine organism attachment, reduce the accumulation of dirt, and improve the long-term operation reliability of the system.

[0046] The piezoelectric coating 201a sprayed on the outer side of the heat exchange tube 201 can generate pulsed electrical signals under the action of ultrasonic waves. These pulsed electrical signals can simulate the defense mechanism of marine organisms, interfere with the attachment process of marine organisms, and thus reduce the attachment of marine organisms on the surface of the heat exchange tube 201. The piezoelectric coating 201a and the mechanical vibration of ultrasonic waves act synergistically to further enhance the antifouling effect, ensure the cleanliness of the surface of the heat exchange tube 201, and improve the heat exchange efficiency.

[0047] In this application, by arranging the ultrasonic generator 90 corresponding to the low-flow-rate part of the seawater channel, high-frequency ultrasonic waves can be generated in the area where marine organisms are likely to attach, eliminating the blind area of the ultrasonic cleaning effect. It is beneficial for the ultrasonic waves to have a mechanical vibration effect, which can effectively peel off the marine organisms and dirt attached to the surface of the heat exchange tube 201; and the ultrasonic generator 90 can automatically control the generation of ultrasonic waves according to the change of seawater flow rate. Under low-speed or berthing conditions, the ultrasonic generator 90 automatically starts for cleaning; at high ship speeds, the ultrasonic generator 90 automatically shuts down to avoid unnecessary energy consumption. At the same time, the piezoelectric coating 201a sprayed on the outer side of the heat exchange tube 201 will generate pulsed electrical signals under the action of ultrasonic waves. These pulsed electrical signals can simulate the defense mechanism of marine organisms, interfere with the attachment process of marine organisms, and further enhance the antifouling effect. In this way, through the synergistic action of the mechanical vibration of ultrasonic waves and the pulsed electrical signals of the piezoelectric coating 201a, the system can effectively remove and prevent the attachment of marine organisms, reduce the accumulation of dirt on the surface of the heat exchange tube 201, thereby reducing the risk of performance degradation of the heat exchanger and system failures caused by the attachment of marine organisms and dirt blockage, and significantly improving the reliability and economy of the seawater cooling system during long-term operation.

[0048] Referring to Figure 2 , a comprehensive antifouling system for a marine ship seawater central heat exchanger 20 according to the present invention further includes a power supply 100, a vibration generator 80, an electromagnetic device 130, and a normally closed switch 120. The normally closed switch 120 and the electromagnetic device 130 are connected in series between the power supply 100 and the ultrasonic generator 90. The normally closed switch 120 cooperates with the electromagnetic device 130 to control the on-off of the circuit between the power supply 100 and the ultrasonic generator 90. The vibration generator 80 is connected to the electromagnetic device 130. The vibration generator 80 generates electricity according to the seawater scouring speed and supplies power to the electromagnetic device 130 to realize the on-off control of the circuit between the power supply 100 and the ultrasonic generator 90 according to the ship speed.

[0049] It can be understood that the power supply 100, as an energy storage device, provides stable power support for the ultrasonic generator 90.

[0050] The vibration generator 80 is installed at a location sensitive to the seawater flow velocity, capable of sensitively capturing and perceiving changes in the seawater flow velocity, and generating electricity according to the seawater scouring speed. When the ship is operating at a high speed, the seawater flow velocity is high, and the vibration generator 80 generates sufficient electrical energy; while in the low-speed or mooring conditions, the seawater flow velocity is low, and the electrical energy generated by the vibration generator 80 decreases. The electrical energy generated by the vibration generator 80 is directly supplied to the electromagnetic device 130 as a control signal source. In this way, the vibration generator 80 can automatically control the working state of the ultrasonic generator 90 according to the ship's speed. The vibration generator 80 starts the ultrasonic generator 90 only when needed (low-speed or mooring conditions), avoiding unnecessary energy consumption and improving the economy of the system. In addition, the jitter of the vibration generator 80 caused by the lateral scouring of seawater and the resulting eddy currents can enhance the heat transfer performance of the heat exchanger, alleviating to a certain extent the negative impact on the heat transfer performance of the heat exchanger in the initial stage of marine organism attachment.

[0051] The electromagnetic device 130 and the normally closed switch 120 are connected in series between the power supply 100 and the ultrasonic generator 90 to control the on-off of the circuit. When the vibration generator 80 generates sufficient electrical energy, the electromagnetic device 130 is magnetized, attracting the ferromagnetic flap of the normally closed switch 120 to disconnect the circuit; when the vibration generator 80 cannot generate sufficient electrical energy, the electromagnetic device 130 demagnetizes, and the normally closed switch 120 closes to connect the circuit. The electromagnetic device 130 automatically controls the start and stop of the ultrasonic generator 90 according to the electrical energy output of the vibration generator 80, realizing the automatic anti-fouling function based on the ship's speed.

[0052] The normally closed switch 120 is connected in series with the electromagnetic device 130 to control the on-off of the circuit between the power supply 100 and the ultrasonic generator 90. Under normal circumstances, the normally closed switch 120 is in the closed state to ensure the connectivity of the circuit. The ferromagnetic flap of the normally closed switch 120 acts under the control of the electromagnetic device 130 to realize the automatic on-off of the circuit. When the electromagnetic device 130 is magnetized, the normally closed switch 120 disconnects; when the electromagnetic device 130 demagnetizes, the normally closed switch 120 closes.

[0053] In this way, the vibration generator 80 generates electrical energy according to the change in the seawater flow velocity, and the electromagnetic device 130 controls the on-off of the normally closed switch 120 according to the presence or absence of electrical energy, thereby realizing the automatic start and stop of the ultrasonic generator 90. In the low-speed or mooring conditions, the ultrasonic generator 90 automatically starts for cleaning; at high speeds, the ultrasonic generator 90 automatically shuts down to avoid unnecessary energy consumption.

[0054] Refer to Figure 2, according to a comprehensive anti-fouling system for a ship's seawater central heat exchanger 20 provided by the present invention, the comprehensive anti-fouling system for the ship's seawater central heat exchanger 20 further includes a time control switch 110. The time control switch 110 is connected in series between a power supply 100 and an ultrasonic generator 90, and the time control switch 110 opens and closes according to a preset interval time.

[0055] It can be understood that there is a timer inside the time control switch 110, and the opening and closing time intervals can be set. When the preset opening time is reached, the time control switch 110 closes the circuit, connects the power supply, and makes the ultrasonic generator 90 start to work; when the preset closing time is reached, the time control switch 110 disconnects the circuit, cuts off the power supply, and makes the ultrasonic generator 90 stop working. According to marine biological research, the attachment and growth of marine organisms follow certain periodic laws. The time control switch 110 can set appropriate start frequencies and durations according to these laws to effectively prevent the attachment and reproduction of marine organisms during critical time periods.

[0056] When the ship is sailing at a low speed or even at anchor, the seawater flow rate into the seawater channel of the seawater central heat exchanger 20 is low and the flow velocity is slow. Therefore, marine organisms may gradually attach and grow. At this time, since the vibration generator 80 is in a state of being scoured by low-flow seawater and cannot generate continuous electric energy to supply the electromagnetic device 130 to excite and form an electromagnetic force, the ferromagnetic dial of the normally closed switch 120 closes to form a connected circuit, providing the condition for supplying power to the ultrasonic generator 90. With the timed opening and closing of the time control switch 110, the power supply 100 continuously supplies power to the ultrasonic generator 90 at an interval of DT2 time, and the power supply duration is DT1. Within the DT1 time range, the ultrasonic generator 90 emits ultrasonic waves with linear, stepped or curved frequency increases (or decreases) in the high-frequency range of 18 kHz - 25 kHz under program control. This frequency band covers the anti-life intervals of different marine organism populations, making it difficult for various large marine organisms, biological communities, and their attached condition models and microbial films to form, thereby completely blocking the attachment and growth conditions of marine organisms and ensuring that the seawater central heat exchanger 20 will not be blocked by marine organisms during long-term low-speed sailing or anchoring conditions.

[0057] Refer to Figures 4 to 8 , according to a comprehensive anti-fouling system for a ship's seawater central heat exchanger 20 provided by the present invention, the relationship between the operating time DT1 of the ultrasonic generator 90 and its interval time DT2 and the attachment cycle of marine organisms is: T1 < DT2 < T2 < DT1 < T3, where 0 - T1 is the formation of an organic film from organic molecules in seawater, providing nutrients for the attachment of marine organisms; T1 - T2 is the adhesion of bacteria and small animals and plants to the organic film to form a microbial film; T2 - T3 is the start of the growth of prokaryotes, animal larvae, and dormant bodies of seaweeds on the surface of the microbial film to form a biological community; after T3 is the rapid growth of large fouling organisms.

[0058] It is understandable that the closing and opening times DT1 and DT2 of the time control switch 110 are set according to the attachment conditions of marine organisms, biological population models, and the formation cycle law of microbial films. Specifically: According to the attachment law of marine organisms: within the time period of 0 - T1, organic molecules in seawater, such as free proteins, polysaccharides, and biological cell metabolites, form an organic thin film with a certain thickness, providing the necessary nutritional conditions for the attachment and survival of marine organisms; within the time period of T1 - T2, bacteria and small animals and plants adhere to the conditional film through electrostatic force, van der Waals force, etc. under the external environmental conditions to form a microbial film; the above time is relatively short, and the formed conditional film or microbial film is easily removed by ultrasonic waves. Therefore, the ultrasonic operation interval time DT2 of the antifouling system needs to be greater than T1 to meet the power-saving requirement, and at the same time less than T2 to achieve efficient fouling cleaning; at the moment of T2 - T3, resistant dormant bodies of prokaryotes, animal larvae, and seaweeds begin to grow on the surface of the biofilm to form a biological community; after the moment of T3, large fouling organisms grow rapidly, and at this time, ultrasonic waves are difficult to remove. Therefore, in order to achieve broad-spectrum and efficient removal of conditional films, biofilms, and biological communities and avoid the growth of large fouling organisms, the ultrasonic operation time DT1 of the antifouling system should be greater than T2, and in order to reduce power loss, the operation time DT1 needs to be controlled within T3.

[0059] In summary, the relationship between the system operation time DT1 and the interval time DT2 and the attachment cycle of marine organisms is: T1 < DT2 < T2 < DT1 < T3.

[0060] In an embodiment, the vibration generator 80 is arranged at a position sensitive to the seawater flow rate in the seawater channel and is arranged perpendicular to the seawater channel.

[0061] It is understandable that since the vibration generator 80 is arranged perpendicular to the seawater channel, when seawater flows through the channel, it can directly impact the force-bearing structure of the vibration generator 80. This perpendicular arrangement method can maximize the utilization of the kinetic energy of seawater flow, enabling the vibration generator 80 to capture the scouring energy of seawater more effectively, thereby improving the power generation efficiency. Among them, the position sensitive to the seawater flow rate in the seawater channel can be set according to actual experience or experimental parameters, and no special limitation is made here.

[0062] Refer to Figure 3 , according to a comprehensive antifouling system for a ship seawater central heat exchanger 20 provided by the present invention, a high thermal conductivity material 201b is doped in the piezoelectric coating 201a.

[0063] It can be understood that generally the piezoelectric coating 201a has poor thermal conductivity. To avoid the influence of coating the piezoelectric coating 201a on the heat exchange tube 201 on the heat exchange performance, a high thermal conductivity material 201b (such as graphene, carbon nanotubes) is doped in the piezoelectric coating 201a to reduce the coating thermal resistance and improve the heat exchange performance while ensuring the anti-marine organism ability.

[0064] Referring to Figure 1 , according to an integrated anti-fouling system for a ship seawater central heat exchanger 20 provided by the present invention, the seawater cooling subsystem includes a drainage bucket 10 and a seawater discharge pipe 30. The drainage bucket 10 is communicated with the inlet of the seawater channel, and the seawater discharge pipe 30 is communicated with the outlet of the seawater channel.

[0065] It can be understood that the drainage bucket 10 is installed on the ship side, and its main function is to efficiently introduce seawater into the seawater channel. This design utilizes the water flow power during ship navigation and self-introduces seawater into the system through the "bucket" structure, reducing the dependence on additional pumping equipment.

[0066] The seawater discharge pipe 30 is communicated with the outlet of the seawater channel, and its main function is to discharge the seawater after heat exchange from the system. By reasonably designing the discharge pipe, it is ensured that the seawater can be smoothly discharged to avoid accumulation in the system, thereby maintaining the normal operation of the system.

[0067] Referring to Figure 1 , according to an integrated anti-fouling system for a ship seawater central heat exchanger 20 provided by the present invention, the internal circulation cooling water subsystem includes an internal circulation cooling water inlet pipe 40, a fresh water pump 50, a heat source heat exchanger 60, and an internal circulation cooling water outlet pipe 70. The internal circulation cooling water inlet pipe 40 is communicated with the outlet of the internal circulation cooling medium channel, the internal circulation cooling water outlet pipe 70 is communicated with the inlet of the internal circulation cooling medium channel, the heat source heat exchanger 60 is respectively communicated with the internal circulation cooling water inlet pipe 40 and the internal circulation cooling water outlet pipe 70, and the fresh water pump 50 is connected to the internal circulation cooling water inlet pipe 40.

[0068] It can be understood that through the connection of the internal circulation cooling water inlet pipe 40, the fresh water pump 50, the heat source heat exchanger 60, and the internal circulation cooling water outlet pipe 70, a closed internal circulation cooling water circuit is formed.

[0069] The internal circulation cooling water inlet pipe 40 transports the internal circulation cooling medium (usually fresh water) from the outlet of the internal circulation cooling medium channel to the heat source heat exchanger 60. It ensures that the cooling medium can smoothly enter the heat source heat exchanger 60 for heat exchange. Through the connection with the internal circulation cooling medium channel, the inlet pipe maintains the overall circulation of the internal circulation cooling system, ensuring that the cooling medium can continuously flow, thereby achieving efficient heat dissipation.

[0070] The outlet pipe 70 of the internal circulation cooling water transports the cooled medium after heat exchange from the heat source heat exchanger 60 to the inlet of the internal circulation cooling medium passage. It ensures that the cooling medium can smoothly return to the seawater centralized heat exchanger 20 for the next round of cooling cycle.

[0071] The fresh water pump 50 provides power to drive the cooling water to circulate in the loop. Through continuous circulation, it can ensure that the cooling water continuously flows through the heat source heat exchanger 60, taking away the heat generated by the heat source and maintaining the normal operating temperature of the heat source.

[0072] The heat source heat exchanger 60 is the core component for heat exchange between the cooling water and the heat source. The cooling water absorbs the heat of the heat source in the heat source heat exchanger 60, reducing the temperature of the heat source and preventing the heat source from being damaged due to overheating. Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An integrated anti-fouling system for a ship's seawater central heat exchanger, characterized in that, Comprising: A seawater cooling subsystem, into which seawater is introduced; An internal circulation cooling water subsystem, into which an internal circulation cooling medium is introduced, and the internal circulation cooling water subsystem is used for heat exchange with the heat source of the ship; A seawater central heat exchanger, which has a seawater channel and an internal circulation cooling medium channel, the seawater channel is communicated with the seawater cooling subsystem, the internal circulation cooling medium channel is communicated with the internal circulation cooling water subsystem, the seawater central heat exchanger is used for heat exchange between the seawater cooling subsystem and the internal circulation cooling water subsystem, and a piezoelectric coating is sprayed on the outer side of the heat exchange tubes of the seawater central heat exchanger; An ultrasonic generator, which is arranged corresponding to the low-flow part of the seawater channel, and the ultrasonic generator is used for sending ultrasonic waves to the seawater central heat exchanger according to the flow rate of the seawater in the seawater channel.

2. The integrated anti-fouling system for ship seawater central heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that, It further includes a power supply, a vibration generator, an electromagnetic device and a normally closed switch. The normally closed switch and the electromagnetic device are connected in series between the power supply and the ultrasonic generator. The normally closed switch cooperates with the electromagnetic device to control the on-off of the circuit between the power supply and the ultrasonic generator. The vibration generator is connected to the electromagnetic device. The vibration generator generates electricity according to the seawater scouring speed and supplies power to the electromagnetic device to realize the on-off control of the circuit between the power supply and the ultrasonic generator according to the ship speed.

3. The integrated anti-fouling system for ship seawater central heat exchanger according to claim 2, characterized in that, The ship seawater central heat exchanger comprehensive anti-fouling system further includes a time control switch, which is connected in series between the power supply and the ultrasonic generator, and the time control switch is opened and closed according to a preset interval time.

4. The integrated anti-fouling system for ship seawater central heat exchangers according to claim 3, characterized in that, The relationship between the operation time DT1 and the interval time DT2 of the ultrasonic generator and the marine organism attachment period is: T1 < DT2 < T2 < DT1 < T3 Wherein, from 0 to T1, organic molecules in seawater form an organic film, providing nutrients for the attachment of marine organisms; From T1 to T2, bacteria and small animals and plants adhere to the organic film to form a microbial film; From T2 to T3, dormant bodies of prokaryotes, animal larvae and seaweeds begin to grow on the surface of the microbial film to form a biological community; After T3, large fouling organisms grow rapidly.

5. The integrated anti-fouling system for ship seawater central heat exchangers according to claim 2, characterized in that, The vibration generator is arranged in the seawater channel and is arranged perpendicular to the seawater channel.

6. The integrated anti-fouling system for ship seawater central heat exchangers according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The piezoelectric coating is doped with a high thermal conductivity material.

7. The integrated anti-fouling system for ship seawater central heat exchangers according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The frequency of the ultrasonic generator is 18 kHz - 25 kHz.

8. The integrated anti-fouling system for ship seawater central heat exchangers according to claim 7, characterized in that, The ultrasonic waves emitted by the ultrasonic generator include linearly frequency-modulated ultrasonic waves, stepwise frequency-modulated ultrasonic waves and curve-shaped frequency-modulated ultrasonic waves.

9. The integrated anti-fouling system for ship seawater central heat exchangers according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The seawater cooling subsystem includes a drainage bucket and a seawater discharge pipe. The drainage bucket is communicated with the inlet of the seawater channel, and the seawater discharge pipe is communicated with the outlet of the seawater channel.

10. The integrated anti-fouling system for ship seawater central heat exchangers according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The internal circulation cooling water subsystem includes an internal circulation cooling water inlet pipe, a fresh water pump, a heat source heat exchanger, and an internal circulation cooling water outlet pipe. The internal circulation cooling water inlet pipe is communicated with the outlet of the internal circulation cooling medium channel. The internal circulation cooling water outlet pipe is communicated with the inlet of the internal circulation cooling medium channel. The heat source heat exchanger is respectively communicated with the internal circulation cooling water inlet pipe and the internal circulation cooling water outlet pipe. The fresh water pump is connected to the internal circulation cooling water inlet pipe.

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