Method for controlling magnitude of output voltage of gating circuit through external voltage regulation

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of gating circuits, in particular to a method for adjusting and controlling the magnitude of output voltage of a gating circuit through external voltage, which comprises the steps of circuit initialization, external voltage input configuration, signal coupling and amplification, dynamic compensation mechanism introduction, output voltage locking and closed-loop test optimization. According to the method, through dynamic bias calibration of the field effect transistor, gain adjustment of the differential amplifier and optimization of the dynamic compensation module, continuous adjustment of the output voltage within the range of 0V-24V is achieved, and the method has the advantages of being high in precision, quick in response and high in stability. Meanwhile, the graphene composite material is adopted to reduce loss and improve thermal stability, and the service life of the circuit is remarkably prolonged. The application requirements in complex scenes can be met, and the reliability and flexibility of the circuit are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of gating circuits, and specifically to a method for controlling the output voltage of a gating circuit by adjusting an external voltage. Background Art

[0002] In modern electronic circuit design, as an important basic component, the gating circuit is widely used in fields such as signal processing, power management, and logic control. The magnitude of the output voltage of the gating circuit directly affects the performance and stability of the entire system. Therefore, precise control of its output voltage is particularly important. Currently, common methods for adjusting the output voltage of the gating circuit mainly include designing with internal fixed parameters or controlling with external digital signals.

[0003] However, these methods have certain limitations: The internal fixed parameter design lacks flexibility and is difficult to adapt to diverse application scenarios; while the control method based on digital signals usually requires the support of complex peripheral circuits, increasing the design complexity and cost of the system. In addition, in scenarios with high requirements for real-time and continuity in the prior art, it is often difficult to achieve smooth and precise voltage regulation, resulting in limited system performance.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a technical solution that can flexibly adjust the output voltage of the gating circuit in a simple and efficient manner to meet the diverse voltage control requirements of different application scenarios, while improving the overall performance and reliability of the system. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a method for controlling the output voltage of a gating circuit by adjusting an external voltage, which solves the problems of insufficient flexibility, slow response speed, and difficulty in meeting the requirements of complex application scenarios in the process of adjusting the output voltage of traditional gating circuits.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is realized through the following technical solutions: A method for controlling the output voltage of a gating circuit by adjusting an external voltage, comprising the following steps:

[0007] Step 1: Circuit initialization, calibrating the parameters of the core components of the gating circuit, adjusting the operating point of the field effect transistor using dynamic biasing technology to ensure its linear operating characteristics within different input voltage ranges; at the same time, using high-frequency filtering capacitors to eliminate power supply noise, and the filtering capacitor value ranges from 10 nF to 100 nF to improve the circuit stability;

[0008] Step 2: External voltage input configuration. Connect the external regulated voltage to the feedback loop of the gating circuit, and adjust the amplitude of the feedback signal in real time through a variable resistor network. The resistance range of the resistor network is 1 kΩ - 100 kΩ, and the operational amplifier is combined to achieve preliminary regulation of the output voltage.

[0009] Step 3: Signal coupling and amplification. Use a differential amplifier to process the feedback signal, set the gain adjustment range to 1 - 10 times, and precisely control the change of the output voltage of the gating circuit by adjusting the input ratio of the external voltage.

[0010] Step 4: Introduction of dynamic compensation mechanism. Add a dynamic compensation module at the output end. By connecting a non - linear inductor and a tunable capacitor in parallel, compensate for the voltage fluctuation caused by load changes to ensure the stability of the output voltage. The change range of the compensation capacitor is 1 pF - 100 pF.

[0011] Step 5: Output voltage locking. Use phase - locked loop technology to synchronize the frequency and phase of the output voltage, ensure that the output voltage remains constant within the target range, and control the acquisition time of the phase - locked loop within 1 ms - 10 ms to improve the response speed.

[0012] Step 6: Closed - loop testing and optimization. Real - time monitor the output voltage through a closed - loop control system, and dynamically adjust the external voltage input according to the preset error threshold to finally obtain a stable and adjustable output voltage.

[0013] Preferably, the field - effect transistor in Step 1 is an enhancement - mode MOSFET, whose on - resistance is less than 50 mΩ, and the switching frequency range is 10 kHz - 1 MHz to improve the circuit efficiency and response speed.

[0014] Preferably, in Step 3, by adjusting the gain multiple of the differential amplifier, the output voltage can be continuously adjusted within the range of 0 V - 24 V to meet the requirements of various application scenarios.

[0015] Preferably, in Step 4, a graphene composite material with a mass fraction of 0.1% - 0.5% is introduced into the dynamic compensation module to reduce the DC resistance of the inductor and improve the thermal stability.

[0016] Preferably, after the closed - loop testing and optimization in Step 6, it also includes precision testing and screening of the output voltage, and eliminating products that do not meet the requirements of output voltage deviation of ±0.1 V and ripple voltage higher than 10 mV.

[0017] Preferably, the proportional regulation based on the external voltage input further includes: measuring the output voltage change under different load conditions and recording the corresponding data; analyzing the relationship between the load change and the required external voltage input ratio; adjusting the external voltage input ratio based on the measured load characteristics; if the load current is I, the external voltage input ratio is R, and when I < Imin, setting the input ratio R = R1; when I > Imax, setting the input ratio R = R2, where R represents the external voltage input ratio, I represents the load current, and Imin and Imax respectively represent the preset minimum and maximum load current thresholds.

[0018] Preferably, the circuit initialization step for optimizing based on the field effect transistor characteristics further includes: determining key parameters such as the on-resistance and switching frequency of the field effect transistor; comparing the impacts of different dynamic biasing techniques on the circuit performance; selecting the optimal bias voltage and filter capacitor value based on the actual parameters; if the filter capacitor value is C, and when C < Cmin, increasing the filter capacitor capacity; when C > Cmax, reducing the filter capacitor capacity, where Cmin and Cmax represent the set minimum and maximum capacitor value limits.

[0019] Preferably, the signal coupling and amplification process for regulating based on the differential amplifier characteristics further includes: conducting experiments using operational amplifiers with specific gain-bandwidth products and input impedances; examining the impacts of different gain settings on the output voltage accuracy; selecting the most suitable gain configuration based on the operational amplifier characteristics and target requirements; if the gain-bandwidth product is G and the input impedance is Z, and the goal is to maximize the output accuracy, then when G * Z ≥ Kmin, ensuring that the process parameters are within the effective range, otherwise appropriately reducing the gain or replacing the operational amplifier.

[0020] The present invention provides a method for controlling the output voltage magnitude of a gating circuit through external voltage regulation. It has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] 1. By dynamically biasing and calibrating the core components, the present invention improves the linearity and stability of the circuit, and enhances the controllability of the output voltage.

[0022] 2. By introducing a differential amplifier and a dynamic compensation module, the present invention realizes high-precision regulation and fast response of the output voltage, meeting the application requirements in complex scenarios.

[0023] 3. Through the closed-loop testing and optimization mechanism, the present invention ensures the accuracy and consistency of the output voltage, significantly improving the reliability of the circuit.

[0024] 4. By adding a dynamic compensation module of graphene composite material, the present invention reduces the circuit loss, improves the thermal stability, and extends the service life of the circuit. Description of the Drawings

[0025] Figure 1 Schematic flow diagram of a method for controlling the output voltage of a gating circuit by external voltage regulation;

[0026] Figure 2 Schematic structural diagram of dynamic bias calibration and filter capacitor configuration during the initialization process of the gating circuit;

[0027] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the connection relationship between a variable resistor network and an operational amplifier in the external voltage input configuration;

[0028] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the principle of differential amplifier gain adjustment and signal coupling amplification in the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 Schematic structural diagram of a non - linear inductor and a tunable capacitor connected in parallel in the dynamic compensation module;

[0030] Figure 6 Schematic flow diagram of real - time monitoring and adjustment of the output voltage during the closed - loop test and optimization process. Detailed implementation manners

[0031] Next, in combination with the drawings of the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0032] The present invention provides a method for controlling the output voltage of a gating circuit through external voltage regulation, and its detailed implementation process will be described in combination with the drawings. First, refer to Figure 1 , this figure is the overall flow schematic diagram of the method of the present invention, showing the complete steps from circuit initialization to closed - loop test and optimization. In actual operation, the whole process is divided into six main stages, and each stage realizes precise control of the output voltage of the gating circuit through specific technical means and hardware configurations.

[0033] In the circuit initialization stage, that is, the content described in step one, it is necessary to calibrate the parameters of the core components of the gating circuit to ensure the linearity and stability of the circuit. The key to this stage lies in the introduction of dynamic bias technology and the reasonable configuration of high - frequency filter capacitors. As Figure 2As shown, an enhanced MOSFET is selected as the core component, with a conduction resistance less than 50 mΩ and a switching frequency range from 10 kHz to 1 MHz. The dynamic biasing technique adjusts the operating point of the field-effect transistor to ensure its linear operating characteristics within different input voltage ranges. For example, when the input voltage range is from 0 V to 24 V, the bias voltage is adjusted to keep the MOSFET operating in the linear region all the time, thus avoiding the influence of non-linear distortion on the output voltage. In addition, the configuration of high-frequency filtering capacitors is also crucial. The filtering capacitor value range is set from 10 nF to 100 nF, which is used to eliminate power supply noise and improve circuit stability. If the filtering capacitor value C is lower than the set minimum value Cmin, the capacitance needs to be increased; conversely, if C exceeds the maximum value Cmax, the capacitance should be decreased. This process is completed by comparing experimental data, and finally the optimal filtering capacitor value is selected to meet the circuit performance requirements.

[0034] Enter step two, the external voltage input configuration stage, as Figure 3 shown, the external regulated voltage is connected to the feedback loop of the gating circuit through a variable resistor network. The resistance value range of the variable resistor network is from 1 kΩ to 100 kΩ, and its function is to adjust the amplitude of the feedback signal in real time. During this process, an operational amplifier is used as a preliminary regulation tool. By adjusting the resistance ratio of the resistor network, the intensity of the feedback signal is changed, thereby achieving the preliminary control of the output voltage. For example, when the external voltage input ratio R is 0.5, the amplitude of the feedback signal will be reduced to half of the original signal, thus affecting the change of the output voltage. To verify the effectiveness of this process, the change of the output voltage under different load conditions can be measured and the corresponding data can be recorded. After analyzing the relationship between the load change and the required external voltage input ratio, the external voltage input ratio is adjusted based on the measurement results. For example, when the load current I is less than the preset minimum load current threshold Imin, the input ratio R is set to R1; when I is greater than the maximum load current threshold Imax, the input ratio R is set to R2. This ratio adjustment mechanism ensures the adaptability and stability of the circuit under different load conditions.

[0035] Step three involves signal coupling and amplification, which is the core link to achieve high-precision output voltage regulation. As Figure 4As shown, a differential amplifier is used to process the feedback signal and precisely control the output voltage variation by setting the gain adjustment range from 1 to 10 times. The selection of the differential amplifier needs to consider its gain-bandwidth product G and input impedance Z to ensure the maximization of the output voltage accuracy. For example, when the goal is to achieve continuous adjustment of the output voltage in the range of 0V to 24V, an operational amplifier with a specific gain-bandwidth product and input impedance is selected for testing. During the testing process, the influence of different gain settings on the output voltage accuracy is investigated, and finally the most suitable gain configuration is determined. If the product G*Z of the gain-bandwidth product G and the input impedance Z is greater than or equal to the set minimum value Kmin, the process parameters are within the valid range; otherwise, the gain should be appropriately reduced or the operational amplifier should be replaced. In addition, by adjusting the gain multiple of the differential amplifier, precise control of the external voltage input ratio can be achieved, thereby further improving the adjustment accuracy of the output voltage.

[0036] Step four introduces a dynamic compensation mechanism to solve the voltage fluctuation problem caused by load changes. As Figure 5 shown, a dynamic compensation module is added at the output end to achieve voltage fluctuation compensation by connecting a non-linear inductor and a tunable capacitor in parallel. The variation range of the compensation capacitor is from 1pF to 100pF and can be adjusted according to actual requirements. It should be noted that a graphene composite material with a mass fraction of 0.1% to 0.5% is introduced into the dynamic compensation module to reduce the DC resistance of the inductor and improve the thermal stability. The addition of the graphene composite material not only reduces the circuit loss but also extends the service life of the circuit. For example, when the load current suddenly increases, the tunable capacitor in the dynamic compensation module will respond quickly and stabilize the output voltage by changing the capacitance value. The non-linear inductor further suppresses voltage fluctuations through its unique hysteresis characteristics to ensure the stability of the output voltage.

[0037] Step five synchronizes the frequency and phase of the output voltage through phase-locked loop technology to ensure that the output voltage remains constant within the target range. The acquisition time of the phase-locked loop is controlled within 1ms to 10ms, significantly improving the response speed of the circuit. For example, when the external adjustment voltage changes, the phase-locked loop can quickly capture the new frequency and phase information and synchronize it to the output voltage. This process is achieved through a closed-loop control system to ensure the fast response and high-precision adjustment of the output voltage in complex application scenarios.

[0038] Finally, in step six, the output voltage is monitored and adjusted in real time through a closed-loop test and optimization mechanism. As Figure 6As shown, the closed-loop control system monitors the output voltage in real time and dynamically adjusts the external voltage input according to a preset error threshold. For example, when the output voltage deviation exceeds ±0.1V or the ripple voltage is higher than 10mV, the system will automatically adjust the external voltage input ratio until the output voltage returns to the target range. This process not only ensures the accuracy and consistency of the output voltage but also significantly improves the reliability of the circuit. In addition, after the closed-loop test and optimization, it also includes the accuracy test and screening of the output voltage, and eliminates the products that do not meet the requirements. For example, by recording the actual values of the output voltage through multiple tests and comparing them with the theoretical values, the products with large deviations are screened out for improvement or elimination.

[0039] In summary, the present invention realizes the precise control of the output voltage of the gating circuit through a series of technical means. From circuit initialization to closed-loop test and optimization, each step is realized through specific hardware configurations and algorithm formulas. For example, the adjustment formula for the external voltage input ratio R is R = R1 (when I < Imin) or R = R2 (when I > Imax), where I is the load current, and Imin and Imax are the preset minimum and maximum load current thresholds respectively. In addition, the introduction of dynamic biasing technology, the gain configuration of the differential amplifier, the design of the dynamic compensation module, and the application of the phase-locked loop all provide strong technical support for the present invention. Through these technical means, the present invention not only solves the problems of insufficient flexibility, slow response speed, and difficulty in meeting the requirements of complex application scenarios in the output voltage regulation process of traditional gating circuits but also significantly improves the reliability and stability of the circuit.

[0040] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for controlling the output voltage magnitude of a gating circuit through external voltage regulation, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: Step 1: Circuit initialization. Parameter calibration is performed on the core components of the gating circuit. The dynamic biasing technique is used to adjust the operating point of the field-effect transistor to ensure its linear operating characteristics within different input voltage ranges. Meanwhile, a high-frequency filtering capacitor is used to eliminate power supply noise, and the capacitance value of the filtering capacitor ranges from 10 nF to 100 nF; Step 2: External voltage input configuration. The external regulated voltage is connected to the feedback loop of the gating circuit. The amplitude of the feedback signal is adjusted in real time through a variable resistor network, and the resistance value of the resistor network ranges from 1 kΩ to 100 kΩ. Combined with an operational amplifier, preliminary regulation of the output voltage is achieved; Step 3: Signal coupling and amplification. A differential amplifier is used to process the feedback signal, and the gain adjustment range is set from 1 to 10 times. The change of the output voltage of the gating circuit is accurately controlled by adjusting the input ratio of the external voltage; Step 4: Introduction of a dynamic compensation mechanism. A dynamic compensation module is added at the output end. By connecting a non-linear inductor and a tunable capacitor in parallel, the voltage fluctuation caused by load changes is compensated to ensure the stability of the output voltage. The change range of the compensation capacitor is from 1 pF to 100 pF; Step 5: Output voltage locking. The phase-locked loop technology is used to synchronize the frequency and phase of the output voltage to ensure that the output voltage remains constant within the target range. The acquisition time of the phase-locked loop is controlled within 1 ms to 10 ms; Step 6: Closed-loop testing and optimization. The output voltage is monitored in real time through a closed-loop control system, and the external voltage input is dynamically adjusted according to the preset error threshold. Finally, a stable and adjustable output voltage is obtained.

2. A method for controlling the output voltage magnitude of a gating circuit by external voltage regulation according to claim 1, characterized in that The field-effect transistor in Step 1 is an enhancement-mode MOSFET, whose on-resistance is less than 50 mΩ, and the switching frequency range is from 10 kHz to 1 MHz.

3. A method for controlling the output voltage magnitude of a gating circuit through external voltage regulation according to claim 1, characterized in that, In Step 3, by adjusting the gain multiple of the differential amplifier, the continuous adjustment of the output voltage within the range of 0 V to 24 V is achieved.

4. A method for controlling the output voltage magnitude of a gating circuit through external voltage regulation according to claim 1, characterized in that In Step 4, a graphene composite material with a mass fraction of 0.1% to 0.5% is introduced into the dynamic compensation module to reduce the DC resistance of the inductor and improve the thermal stability.

5. A method for controlling the output voltage magnitude of a gating circuit through external voltage regulation according to claim 1, characterized in that, After the closed-loop testing and optimization in Step 6, it also includes the accuracy test and screening of the output voltage, and products that do not meet the requirements of an output voltage deviation of ±0.1 V and a ripple voltage higher than 10 mV are eliminated.

6. A method for controlling the output voltage magnitude of a gating circuit through external voltage regulation according to claim 1, characterized in that The further proportional regulation based on the external voltage input includes: Measuring the change of the output voltage under different load conditions and recording the corresponding data; Analyzing the relationship between the load change and the required external voltage input ratio; Adjusting the external voltage input ratio based on the measured load characteristics; If the load current is I, the external voltage input ratio is R, and when I is less than Imin, the input ratio R is set to R1; when I is greater than Imax, the input ratio R is set to R2, where R represents the external voltage input ratio, I represents the load current, and Imin and Imax respectively represent the preset minimum and maximum load current thresholds.

7. A method for controlling the output voltage magnitude of a gating circuit through external voltage regulation according to claim 2, characterized in that, The further optimization of the circuit initialization step based on the field-effect transistor characteristics includes: Determining the key parameters such as the on-resistance and switching frequency of the field-effect transistor; Comparing the influence of different dynamic biasing techniques on the circuit performance; Select the optimal bias voltage and filter capacitor value based on the actual parameters; If the filter capacitor value is C, and when C is less than Cmin, increase the filter capacitor capacitance; When C is greater than Cmax, reduce the filter capacitor capacitance, where Cmin and Cmax represent the set minimum and maximum capacitor value limits.

8. A method for controlling the output voltage magnitude of a gating circuit through external voltage regulation according to claim 1, characterized in that, Adjusting the signal coupling and amplification process based on the differential amplifier characteristics further includes: Conducting tests using an operational amplifier with a specific gain-bandwidth product and input impedance; Examining the influence of different gain settings on the output voltage accuracy; Selecting the most suitable gain configuration based on the operational amplifier characteristics and target requirements; If the gain-bandwidth product is G and the input impedance is Z, and the goal is to maximize the output accuracy, then when G*Z is greater than or equal to Kmin, ensure that the process parameters are within the effective range, otherwise, appropriately reduce the gain or replace the operational amplifier.

9. A method for controlling the output voltage magnitude of a gating circuit through external voltage regulation according to claim 1, characterized in that The phase-locked loop technology in step five realizes the frequency and phase synchronization of the output voltage by detecting the frequency and phase information of the output voltage, comparing it with the reference signal, and making adjustments.

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