Positive plate for lead-acid storage battery

Abstract

The invention discloses a positive plate for a lead-acid storage battery, and relates to the technical field of storage batteries, the using amount of a positive plate alloy is 2.0-3.0 g / Ah, and the using amount of the positive plate alloy is 0.569-0.853 g / cm < 3 >. The positive plate comprises a positive grid and a positive plate active substance, the structure of the positive plate is optimally designed, the alloy consumption can be greatly reduced by adopting a large-area polar plate structure, and the contact resistance between the surface of the grid and the active substance is small and the conductivity is good by performing corona treatment, antimony-containing compound suspension spraying and other process treatment on the surface of the grid.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of storage batteries, and particularly to a positive plate for a lead-acid storage battery. Background Art

[0002] With the change of market demand, the lightweight and high specific energy design of electric bicycle batteries are the main research and development directions of power lead-acid batteries. The stamped grid has strong corrosion resistance, long service life, and low cost. With the help of stamping dies and high-speed punching machines, grids can be continuously mass-produced, and there is no pollution such as lead smoke and lead dust during the grid production process. Currently, the power lead-acid battery plates used in electric bicycles on the market are basically stamped plates. However, to meet the requirements of light battery weight and high weight specific energy, while reducing the consumption of lead, optimizing the plate design is the key to ensuring that the battery performance does not decrease.

[0003] Therefore, in the prior art, many solutions have been proposed to optimize the plates. For example, a positive plate proposed in the prior art EP22947448 provides a method for preparing a positive plate, as well as a positive plate, a secondary battery, and an electrical device including the same. The positive electrode material composition of this patented technology enables the secondary battery to have a higher energy density, while having improved cycle performance, safety performance, and / or rate performance. However, the focus of this technical solution is on the preparation materials of the positive plate. Another example is the prior art DE102023126989A1, which proposes a mixed openwork cloth / paste paper material for a plate-type storage battery electrode for a lead-acid storage battery, especially for a positive plate-type storage battery electrode for a lead-acid storage battery, where the openwork cloth / paste paper material is made in the form of a non-woven fabric mat or a woven fabric mat. The improvement focus of this technology on the positive plate also lies in the manufacturing or material aspect.

[0004] It can be seen that the prior art optimization solutions for plates mostly focus on the manufacturing aspect, and some technologies focus on other aspects. For example, in the prior art JP2025039251A, a liquid lead storage battery is proposed, which includes an electrode plate group, an electrolyte, and a battery chamber for accommodating the electrode plate group and the electrolyte. The electrode plate group includes a positive electrode plate, a negative electrode plate, and a separator disposed between the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate. The difference between the sum s of the distances between the positive and negative electrode plates facing each other in the plate group and the sum t of the thicknesses of the separator: (s - t) is 0.10 mm or less. It can be seen that this technology focuses on optimizing the distance between the positive and negative electrode plates. Another example is the prior art JP2025032525A, which provides a lead storage battery and its manufacturing method that can further increase the capacitance while maintaining or increasing the yield. The lead storage battery is a lead storage battery with a negative electrode plate, and the negative electrode plate has a lead alloy grid body, and the thickness of the grid body is 1.6 mm or more and less than 2.9 mm. This technical means focuses on the yield of the plates. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a positive plate for a lead-acid battery, optimize the design of the positive plate structure, adopt a large-area plate structure, maintain the battery discharge performance and cycle life while reducing the lead material consumption, and effectively reduce the number of positive plates configured in a single battery.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention specifically provides the following technical solutions: A positive plate for a lead-acid battery, the alloy consumption of the positive plate is 2.0 - 3.0 g / Ah; preferably, the alloy consumption of the positive plate is 0.569 - 0.853 g / cm 3 ; preferably, the positive plate includes a positive grid and positive plate active material; preferably, the amount of positive plate active material is 15.0 - 16.5 g / Ah; preferably, the amount of positive plate active material is 4.266 - 4.692 g / cm 3 .

[0007] The positive plate of the present invention is an extended plate configuration. Compared with the existing plates, while maintaining the same external dimensions, the battery capacity is increased, and the capacity of a single positive plate reaches 10 Ah, which is twice that of the traditional design of 5 Ah. After the plate surface size of the present invention is enlarged, the current transmission path is shortened, the internal resistance is reduced by 15 - 20%, the number of connection points is reduced by reducing the number of plates, the reliability is improved, and further reduction of the number of plates reduces the internal resistance, realizing the maintenance of the battery discharge performance and cycle life while reducing the lead material consumption.

[0008] For a battery prepared with the positive plate of the present invention, such as a 20 Ah capacity using 2 positive plates and 3 negative plates, the positive plate capacity = 20 Ah / 2 = 10 Ah, and the negative plate capacity = 20 Ah / 3 = 6.67 Ah.

[0009] The calculation method of the plate capacity: Refer to the national standard GB / T 22199.1 - 2017 "Valve-regulated lead-acid batteries for electric assist bicycles" Part 1: Technical conditions. The capacity is the 2-hour rate capacity, and the plate capacity = capacity / number of plates per cell.

[0010] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the positive plate includes at least one positive grid with a tab, which simplifies the plate assembly process and improves the production yield.

[0011] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the positive electrode active material is lead paste, which contains tin-plated carbon nanotubes and glass nanotubes. Adding tin-plated carbon nanotubes to the lead paste, the metal coating on its surface forms a good ohmic contact with the lead matrix, which helps to construct a three-dimensional continuous conductive network, improve the electronic conductivity of the electrode plate, and at the same time achieve the same capacity released by the electrode plate, reduce the amount of active material used, and increase the utilization rate of the active material from the traditional 25-35% to 40-50%. Synchronously introducing glass nanotubes into the lead paste can improve the ability of the positive electrode plate to provide sulfuric acid electrolyte in a timely manner during discharge, greatly reduce the concentration polarization, increase the voltage drop during the discharge process, improve the utilization rate of the active material, and reduce the amount of active material used when the electrode plate releases the same capacity. Among them, the tin-plated carbon nanotubes and glass nanotubes form an "electron-ion" double continuous transport network. Under the condition of the same capacity output, the amount of active material used can be reduced by 10-20%.

[0012] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the positive grid is surface-treated, and the surface treatment process method is as follows: 1.1 Rolling process The grid is made by rolling a lead plate about 15 mm thick through 7-9 rolling processes. Since the grid is processed through multiple rolling processes, the density and strength of the alloy are very high, and the corrosion resistance is strong. Less grid alloy can be used to meet the usage requirements during the battery life cycle. Then, the rolled grid is heat-treated at a high temperature of 80°C to 90°C for 12-24 hours. After multiple rollings, the grid thickness reaches 0.3-0.6 mm. The hardness of the grid is increased, which is convenient for improving the coating efficiency and qualification rate. The rolling process adopted by the present invention can improve the density and strength of the alloy, and has strong corrosion resistance.

[0013] 1.2 Corona treatment process for the positive grid The corona process is as follows: The gas near the lead surface is ionized by a high-voltage electrode to generate active particles such as high-energy electrons, ozone (O3), and oxygen free radicals (·O). These particles react with the lead surface as follows: Oxidation: Lead (Pb) reacts with active oxygen to form lead dioxide or other lead oxides (PbO2 or PbO n ), forming a thin oxide layer: Pb + O3 / O2 → PbO2 / PbO n ; Surface activation: High-energy particles bombard the lead surface to increase the surface energy; Cleaning effect: Corona discharge can remove surface organic pollutants or oxides and improve the cleanliness.

[0014] The high-voltage transmission line voltage of the high-voltage electrode is 1 kV to 20 kV, and the gases mentioned above include but are not limited to air.

[0015] The positive grid obtained after multiple rolling and high-temperature heat treatment has a dense surface structure, strong corrosion resistance, but low surface energy and poor binding force with the active material of the electrode plate. After treating the grid surface with the corona process, these defects can be improved.

[0016] After being treated with the corona process, the surface area of the positive grid surface becomes larger, which is helpful for the subsequent spraying of the positive grid 30 and the combination with the active material of the positive electrode plate.

[0017] 1.3 Positive grid surface spraying process The surface of the grid after multiple rolling and high-temperature heat treatment has a dense structure, strong corrosion resistance, but low surface energy and poor binding force with the active material of the electrode plate. A uniform suspension of antimony compound is sprayed on the grid surface, and then the sprayed grid is dried in a high-temperature oven.

[0018] The mass percentage of the above-mentioned suspension of antimony compound is 1% - 5%. The components of the suspension of antimony compound are: antimony trioxide and water. The spraying speed is 10 meters - 30 meters per minute, and the oven temperature for drying in the high-temperature oven is 90 - 120 degrees.

[0019] The grid sprayed with the suspension of antimony compound has a strong binding force with the active material, improves conductivity, and has a small interfacial resistance between the active material and the grid. After spraying the suspension of antimony compound on the surface of the grid treated by the corona process, the antimony compound and lead oxide penetrate each other, and a transition layer with good conductivity and small interfacial resistance is formed between the grid surface and the active material.

[0020] The antimony compound can realize the conversion of catalytic active materials: Antimony ions, as catalysts for the nucleation of lead dioxide (PbO2), are beneficial to the generation of PbO2 on the grid surface and improve the conductivity between the active material and the grid interface.

[0021] Electrochemical synergistic effect: Antimony ions reduce the overpotential of the PbO2 / PbSO4 conversion and accelerate the reaction kinetics.

[0022] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the positive grid is composed of a rectangular frame and internal reinforcing ribs. The frame includes two horizontally arranged horizontal frames and two vertically arranged vertical frames, jointly forming a closed frame. An intersecting network of reinforcing ribs is provided inside the frame. The horizontal ribs are arranged in parallel at equal intervals and are respectively welded and fixed to the two vertical frames at both ends. The vertical ribs are arranged in parallel at equal intervals, and the number is significantly more than that of the horizontal ribs. The two ends are respectively welded and fixed to the two horizontal frames. The pole ear, as a current conduction component, extends vertically outward from the middle of one of the horizontal frames. The intersections of all the horizontal ribs and vertical ribs and the edges of the rib bars are chamfered to eliminate stress concentration and improve the structural reliability.

[0023] The crisscrossing equally spaced horizontal and vertical ribs form a uniform grid support, which, combined with the rectangular frame of the frame, effectively enhances the grid's ability to resist deformation, reduces stress damage during the charge and discharge cycle, and extends its service life. The densely distributed vertical ribs, which are more numerous than the horizontal ribs, shorten the current conduction path and reduce internal resistance. At the same time, the longitudinal extension design of the tabs further reduces the current collection impedance and improves the charge and discharge efficiency. The equally spaced arrangement and chamfering of the ribs expand the effective area of the electrode reaction, avoid local stress concentration, prevent the active material from falling off, and ensure capacity retention. The chamfered structure reduces the risk of burrs during stamping or casting, improves production yield, and facilitates the uniform filling of lead paste in the paste coating process, thereby improving electrode consistency.

[0024] A single cell battery includes a positive plate, a negative plate and a separator.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the positive plate of the present invention is an extended plate configuration. Compared with the existing plate, while maintaining the same external dimensions, the battery capacity is improved, so that the capacity of a single positive plate reaches 10Ah, which is twice the 5Ah of the traditional design. The present invention optimizes the design of the positive plate structure and adopts a large-area positive plate structure. While reducing the amount of lead material used, it maintains the battery discharge performance and cycle life, effectively reducing the number of positive plates configured in a single battery. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for the implementation methods or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only exemplary, and for ordinary technicians in this field, other implementation drawings can be derived from the provided drawings without creative work.

[0027] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a positive plate for a lead-acid battery of the present invention; Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the positive grid solution in the positive plate of the present invention; Figure 3 A schematic diagram showing another perspective of the positive grid in the positive plate of the present invention; Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the connection scheme of vertical reinforcement and horizontal reinforcement of the present invention; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a single-core battery prepared using the positive electrode plate of the present invention; Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the high internal resistance corrosion layer formed on the grid surface during plate curing and battery formation; Figure 7 This is a metallographic image of the grid in Example 2 without roller rolling treatment; Figure 8 It is the metallographic diagram of the grid plate in Example 2 after 7-9 rolling processes; Figure 9 It is the SEM diagram of the positive grid plate in Example 2 without the corona treatment process; Figure 10 It is the SEM diagram of the positive grid plate in Example 2 after the corona treatment process.

[0028] Explanation of reference numerals: 10. Positive plate; 20. Terminal post; 30. Positive grid plate; 31. Ear; 32. Vertical rib; 33. Frame; 34. Horizontal rib; 40. Encapsulation bag; 50. Main body; 51. Insert; 52. Chuck; 60. Lead paste part; 61. Active material aggregation layer; 62. Corrosion layer; 63. Grid plate rib part. Detailed implementation manners

[0029] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0030] Next, the concepts involved in the present application will be described first in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be noted here that the following descriptions of each concept are only for making the content of the present application easier to understand, and do not represent a limitation on the protection scope of the present application; at the same time, without conflict, the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0031] Example 1: Refer to the attached Figure 1 - attached Figure 4 As shown, a positive plate for a lead-acid battery, the alloy usage of the positive plate 10 is 0.569-0.853 g / cm 3 , the alloy usage of the positive plate 10 is 2.0-3.0 g / Ah, the positive plate 10 includes a positive grid plate 30 and positive plate active materials, the usage of the positive plate active materials is 15.0-16.5 g / Ah, and the usage of the positive plate active materials is 4.266-4.692 g / cm 3 .

[0032] The positive electrode plate 10 of the present invention has an extended plate configuration. Compared with the existing plates, while maintaining the same external dimensions, the battery capacity is increased, and the capacity of a single positive electrode plate reaches 10 Ah, which is twice that of the traditional design of 5 Ah. After the plate surface size of the present invention is enlarged, the current transmission path is shortened, the internal resistance is reduced by 15-20%, the number of connection points is reduced by reducing the number of plates, the reliability is improved, and further reduction of the number of plates reduces the internal resistance, realizing the reduction of lead material usage while maintaining the battery discharge performance and cycle life.

[0033] For a battery prepared with the positive electrode plate of the present invention, for example, for a battery with a capacity of 20 Ah, 2 positive plates and 3 negative plates are used. The capacity of the positive electrode plate = 20 Ah / 2 = 10 Ah, and the capacity of the negative electrode plate = 20 Ah / 3 = 6.67 Ah.

[0034] Calculation method of plate capacity: Refer to the national standard GB / T 22199.1-2017 "Valve-regulated lead-acid batteries for electric assist bicycles - Part 1: Technical conditions". The capacity is the 2-hour rate capacity, and the plate capacity = capacity / number of plates per cell.

[0035] Compared with the prior art: For power batteries on the market currently, for a battery with a capacity of 20 Ah, 4 positive plates and 5 negative plates are used. The capacity of the positive electrode plate = 20 Ah / 4 = 5 Ah, and the capacity of the negative electrode plate = 20 Ah / 5 = 4 Ah; in this embodiment, for a battery prepared with the positive electrode plate of the present invention, for example, for a battery with a capacity of 20 Ah, 2 positive plates and 3 negative plates are used. The capacity of the positive electrode plate = 20 Ah / 2 = 10 Ah, and the capacity of the negative electrode plate = 20 Ah / 3 = 6.67 Ah.

[0036] The alloy usage of the positive electrode plate 10 is 0.569~0.853 g / cm 3 , and specifically, it can be one of the following specific values or the range between any two of them: 0.569, 0.570, 0.571, 0.572, 0.573... 0.849, 0.850, 0.851, 0.852, 0.853.

[0037] The alloy usage of the positive electrode plate 10 is 2.0~3.0 g / Ah, and specifically, it can be one of the following specific values or the range between any two of them: 2.0, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4, 2.5, 2.6, 2.7, 2.8, 2.9, 3.0.

[0038] The active material usage of the positive electrode plate is 15.0~16.5 g / Ah, and specifically, it can be one of the following specific values or the range between any two of them: 15.0, 15.1, 15.2, 15.3... 15.8, 15.9, 16.0, 16.1, 16.2, 16.3, 16.4, 16.5.

[0039] The amount of the positive electrode active material is 4.266~4.692 g / cm 3 , and specifically, it can be any one of the following specific values or the range between any two of them: 4.266, 4.267, 4.268, 4.269, 4.270, 4.271……, 4.690, 4.691, 4.692.

[0040] The positive electrode plate 10 includes at least one positive grid 30 with a tab 31, which simplifies the plate assembly process and improves the production yield.

[0041] The positive electrode active material is lead paste, and the lead paste contains tin-plated carbon nanotubes and glass nanotubes. 0.5-2.0 wt% of tin-plated carbon nanotubes is added to the lead paste. The metal coating on its surface forms good ohmic contact with the lead matrix, which helps to construct a three-dimensional continuous conductive network, improves the electronic conductivity of the plate, and at the same time, when the plate discharges the same capacity, the amount of active material is reduced, and the utilization rate of the active material is increased from the traditional 25-35% to 40-50%. 1-3 wt% of glass nanotubes is synchronously introduced into the lead paste to improve the ability of the positive electrode plate 10 to provide sulfuric acid electrolyte in time during the discharge process, greatly reduce the concentration polarization, improve the voltage drop during the discharge process, and improve the utilization rate of the active material. When the plate discharges the same capacity, the amount of active material can be reduced. Among them, the tin-plated carbon nanotubes and the glass nanotubes form an "electron-ion" double continuous transmission network. Under the condition of the same capacity output, the amount of active material can be reduced by 10-20%.

[0042] The lead paste in this embodiment is made by mixing lead powder, water, sulfuric acid and additives, and the additives are tin-plated carbon nanotubes and glass nanotubes.

[0043] Example 2: See the attached Figure 6 As shown, between the grid rib part 63 and the active material aggregation layer 61 is the corrosion layer 62, and outside the active material aggregation layer 61 is the lead paste part 60. During the plate curing and battery formation processes, a corrosion layer with high internal resistance is likely to form on the grid surface, increasing the battery internal resistance, resulting in a decrease in battery capacity and a shortening of the battery life.

[0044] During plate curing, a corrosion layer 62 of a mixture of PbO and Pb(OH)2 is formed on the grid surface.

[0045] During plate curing, a corrosion layer 62 is formed on the grid surface. At the beginning, the corrosion layer is very thin, and as the curing time prolongs, oxygen diffuses through the corrosion layer to continuously oxidize the grid rib part 63 of the grid matrix, and the corrosion layer 62 gradually thickens. During battery formation, oxygen passes through the corrosion layer 62 and enters the grid surface, and the Pb on the grid surface is oxidized to PbO, and the generated PbO has a very high internal resistance. PbO is continuously oxidized to PbO n(1 < n < 2), and then oxidized to PbO2. If the formation rate of PbO is higher than the rate of further oxidation to PbO2, a high-resistance PbO layer will form on the surface of the grid, resulting in a decrease in battery capacity.

[0046] Therefore, the positive grid 30 of the present invention undergoes surface treatment, and the surface treatment process method is as follows: 1.1 Multi-pass rolling process The grid is made by subjecting a lead plate about 15 mm thick to a 7-9 pass rolling process. Due to the multi-pass rolling process treatment of the grid, the density and strength of the alloy are very high, and the corrosion resistance is strong. Less grid alloy can be used to meet the usage requirements during the battery life cycle. Then, the rolled grid is heat-treated at a high temperature of 80°C to 90°C for 12 to 24 hours. The hardness of the grid is increased, which is convenient for improving the coating efficiency and qualification rate.

[0047] After multi-pass rolling treatment, the grid thickness reaches 0.3 - 0.6 mm.

[0048] The present invention uses the rolling process treatment to improve the density and strength of the alloy, and the corrosion resistance is strong. See the metallographic diagram of the grid without rolling treatment in the appendix Figure 7 and the metallographic diagram of the grid subjected to 7 - 9 pass rolling processes in the appendix Figure 8 It can be seen that after the grid is treated by 7 - 9 pass rolling processes, the density of the grid alloy is increased and its surface structure is dense.

[0049] 1.2 Corona treatment process for the positive grid surface The corona process is as follows: The gas near the lead surface is ionized by a high-voltage electrode to generate active particles such as high-energy electrons, ozone (O3), and oxygen radicals (·O). These particles react with the lead surface as follows: Oxidation: Lead (Pb) reacts with active oxygen to form lead dioxide or other lead oxides (PbO2 or PbO n ), forming a thin oxide layer: Pb + O3 / O2 → PbO2 / PbO n ; Surface activation: High-energy particles bombard the lead surface, break molecular bonds, and introduce polar groups to increase surface energy; Cleaning effect: Corona discharge can remove surface organic pollutants or oxides and improve cleanliness.

[0050] The high-voltage transmission line voltage of the high-voltage electrode is 1 kV to 20 kV, and the gas referred to above includes but is not limited to air.

[0051] After obtaining the positive grid through multi-pass rolling and high-temperature heat treatment, the surface structure of the positive grid is dense and the corrosion resistance is strong, but the surface energy is low and the binding force with the active material of the electrode plate is poor. After treating the grid surface with the corona process, these defects can be improved.

[0052] See Figure 9 the SEM image of the positive grid without the corona treatment process as shown, and Figure 10 the SEM image of the positive grid with the corona treatment process as shown. It can be seen that the surface area of the positive grid becomes larger after the corona treatment process, which helps the subsequent spraying of the positive grid 30 and the combination with the positive electrode active material.

[0053] 1.3 Spraying process on the surface of the positive grid After multiple rollings and high-temperature heat treatments, the surface structure of the grid is dense, with strong corrosion resistance, but the surface energy is low, and the binding force with the electrode active material is poor. A uniform suspension of antimony compound is sprayed on the surface of the grid, and then the sprayed grid is dried in a high-temperature oven.

[0054] The mass percentage of the above-mentioned suspension of antimony compound is 1% - 5%. The components of the suspension of antimony compound are: antimony trioxide and water. The spraying speed is 10 m - 30 m / min, and the oven temperature for drying in the high-temperature oven is 90 - 120 degrees.

[0055] The grid sprayed with the suspension of antimony compound has a strong binding force with the active material, improves conductivity, and has a small interfacial resistance between the active material and the grid. After spraying the suspension of antimony compound on the surface of the grid treated by corona, the antimony compound and lead oxide penetrate each other, forming a transition layer with good conductivity and small interfacial resistance between the surface of the grid and the active material.

[0056] The antimony compound can realize the catalytic conversion of the active material: the antimony ion, as a catalyst for the nucleation of lead dioxide (PbO2), is beneficial to the generation of PbO2 on the surface of the grid, improving the conductivity between the active material and the grid interface.

[0057] Electrochemical synergistic effect: The antimony ion reduces the overpotential of the PbO2 / PbSO4 conversion and accelerates the reaction kinetics.

[0058]

[0059] Example 3: In this example, the positive electrode plate 10 of the present invention adopts a large plate surface structure. Using the plates with large plate surfaces reduces the number of positive and negative electrode plates used as components of a single cell. The plate surface size of a single positive electrode plate is 148 mm × 132 mm, and the size of the existing electrode plate is 140 mm × 66 mm. The area is about twice that of the lead-acid battery electrode plates of ordinary electric bicycles on the market. The positive electrode plate 10 is provided with a pole column 20.

[0060] In this example, the parameters of the positive and negative electrode plates are as follows: Positive electrode plate: Weight of a single positive grid: 20 - 30 g; Weight of a single positive active material: 150 - 165 g; Capacity of a single positive electrode plate: 10 Ah; Alloy consumption: 2.0 - 3.0 g / Ah, and this alloy consumption is about 37.5% lower than that of the existing single positive electrode plate; Active material consumption: 15.0 - 16.5 g / Ah, which is about 9.64% less than that of the existing positive electrode plate.

[0061] Negative electrode plate: Weight of a single negative grid: 13 - 16.5 g; Weight of a single negative active material: 65 - 86 g; Capacity of a single negative electrode plate: 6.67 Ah; Alloy consumption: 1.95 - 2.47 g / Ah, and this alloy consumption is about 29.1% lower than that of the existing single negative electrode plate; Active material consumption: 9.7 - 12.9 g / Ah, which is about 33.1% less than that of the existing negative electrode plate.

[0062] In this embodiment, the configuration scheme of the single - cell battery plates is as follows: Number of positive electrode plates: 2 pieces, total alloy weight: 40 - 60 g, total active material weight: 300 - 330 g.

[0063] Number of negative electrode plates: 3 pieces, total alloy weight: 39 - 49.5 g, total active material weight: 195 - 258 g.

[0064] The number of positive electrode plates used in the single - cell battery of the present invention is 2 pieces, and the number of negative electrode plates used is 3 pieces. Compared with the existing technology where a single - cell battery needs to use 4 positive electrode plates and 5 negative electrode plates, the scheme of the present invention optimizes the size structure of the positive and negative electrode plates, reduces the number of positive and negative electrode plates, realizes the lightweight of the single - cell battery, reduces the internal resistance, improves the assembly efficiency and ensures the battery performance.

[0065] The single - cell battery scheme of the present invention is compared with the existing battery as shown in Table 1.

[0066] Table 1

[0067] Remarks: Calculation method of the plate capacity: Refer to the national standard GB / T 22199.1 - 2017 "Valve - regulated lead - acid batteries for electric - assisted bicycles - Part 1: Technical conditions". The capacity is the 2 - hour rate capacity, and the plate capacity = capacity / number of single - cell plates.

[0068] For power batteries currently on the market, for a battery with a capacity of 20 Ah, 4 positive plates and 5 negative plates are used. The capacity of the positive electrode plate = 20 Ah / 4 = 5 Ah, and the capacity of the negative electrode plate = 20 Ah / 5 = 4 Ah; For the battery prepared with the positive electrode plate of the present invention, for example, for a battery with a capacity of 20 Ah, 2 positive plates and 3 negative plates are used. The capacity of the positive electrode plate = 20 Ah / 2 = 10 Ah, and the capacity of the negative electrode plate = 20 Ah / 3 = 6.67 Ah.

[0069] As can be seen from the content of Table 1 above, in the solution of this aspect, through the large plate surface design, the amount of alloy and active material per unit capacity is significantly reduced. The positive electrode alloy is reduced by 37.5%, and the negative electrode active material is reduced by 33.1%. The number of plates used in the present invention is reduced. The positive electrode is reduced from 4 pieces to 2 pieces, and the negative electrode is reduced from 5 pieces to 3 pieces, reducing the internal resistance and improving the assembly efficiency. The solution of the present invention realizes the increase of the capacity of a single positive electrode plate from 5 Ah to 10 Ah, and at the same time optimizes the material distribution to ensure a high energy density.

[0070] The length of the plate surface size of a single positive electrode plate in this embodiment includes, but is not limited to, 148 mm, and can also be 60 mm, 60.1 mm, 60.2 mm... 65 mm, 65.1 mm, 65.2 mm, 65.3 mm... 75 mm, 75.1 mm, 75.2 mm, 75.3 mm, 75.4 mm,... 90 mm, 90.1 mm, 90.2 mm, 90.3 mm, 90.4 mm, 90.5 mm, 90.6 mm... 120 mm, 120.1 mm, 120.2 mm, 120.3 mm, 120.4 mm, 120.5 mm, 120.6 mm, 120.7 mm... 148 mm, 148.1 mm, 148.2 mm, 148.3 mm, 148.4 mm, 148.5 mm, 148.6 mm, 148.7 mm, 148.8 mm... 200 mm.

[0071] The width of the plate surface size of a single positive electrode plate in this embodiment includes, but is not limited to, 132 mm, and can also be 60 mm, 60.1 mm, 60.2 mm... 65 mm, 65.1 mm, 65.2 mm, 65.3 mm... 75 mm, 75.1 mm, 75.2 mm, 75.3 mm, 75.4 mm,... 90 mm, 90.1 mm, 90.2 mm, 90.3 mm, 90.4 mm, 90.5 mm, 90.6 mm... 120 mm, 120.1 mm, 120.2 mm, 120.3 mm, 120.4 mm, 120.5 mm, 120.6 mm, 120.7 mm... 148 mm, 148.1 mm, 148.2 mm, 148.3 mm, 148.4 mm, 148.5 mm, 148.6 mm, 148.7 mm, 148.8 mm... 200 mm.

[0072] In this embodiment, the amount of positive electrode active material per g / cm 3 can range from: 4.266 - 4.436 g / cm 3, specifically, it can be selected as one of the following specific values or the range between any two of them: 4.266, 4.267, 4.268, 4.269, 4.270, 4.271... 4.431, 4.432, 4.433, 4.434, 4.435, 4.436.

[0073] Example 4: See the attached Figure 1 - attached Figure 4 As shown, the positive grid 30 is composed of a rectangular frame 33 and internal reinforcing ribs. The frame 33 includes two horizontally arranged cross frames and two vertically arranged longitudinal frames, jointly forming a closed frame. Inside the frame, a network of crisscrossing reinforcing ribs is provided. The horizontal ribs 34 are arranged in parallel at equal intervals and are welded and fixed to the two longitudinal frames at both ends respectively. The vertical ribs 32 are arranged in parallel at equal intervals, and the number is significantly more than that of the horizontal ribs 34. The two ends are welded and fixed to the two cross frames respectively. The tab 31, as a current conduction component, extends vertically outward from the middle of one of the cross frames. The intersections of all the horizontal ribs 34 and the vertical ribs 32 and the edges of the rib strips are chamfered to eliminate stress concentration and improve the structural reliability.

[0074] The crisscrossing horizontal ribs 34 and vertical ribs 32 arranged at equal intervals form a uniform grid support. Combined with the rectangular frame of the frame 33, it effectively enhances the anti-deformation ability of the grid, reduces stress damage during the charge and discharge cycle, extends the service life. The densely distributed vertical ribs 32, with a number more than that of the horizontal ribs 34, shorten the current conduction path, reduce the internal resistance. At the same time, the longitudinal extension design of the tab 31 further reduces the current collection impedance and improves the charge and discharge efficiency. The equal-spacing arrangement and chamfering of the rib strips expand the effective area of the electrode reaction, avoid local stress concentration, prevent the shedding of the active material, ensure the capacity retention rate. The chamfered structure reduces the risk of burrs during stamping or casting, improves the production yield, and at the same time facilitates the uniform filling of the lead paste in the pasting process and improves the electrode consistency.

[0075] A single cell, a single cell includes a positive plate 10, a negative plate, and a separator.

[0076] Example 5: This embodiment provides a manufacturing process for a positive plate for a lead-acid battery using the present invention. The process steps are as follows: Step 1: Plate manufacturing Manufacture the positive plate and the negative plate. The size of the positive plate is: length 148 mm × width 132 mm × thickness 0.50 mm; grid weight: 20 g; active material weight: 165 g; single plate capacity: 10 Ah; The size of the negative plate is: length 148 mm × width 132 mm × thickness 0.30 mm; grid weight: 13 g; active material weight: 86 g; single plate capacity: 6.67 Ah.

[0077] Positive plate preparation process: Use a pasting machine to evenly coat the active material on the grid to form a wet positive plate. The wet positive plate is cured and dried in a curing and drying furnace, and finally a dry positive plate is obtained for battery assembly.

[0078] Step 2: Battery pack assembly Positive and negative plate combination method: Adopt the staggered stacking of 2 positive plates and 3 negative plates to optimize the current distribution and the utilization rate of the active material.

[0079] - Separator setting: Wrap 2 pieces of 0.6mm thick AGM separators outside the positive plate. The separator size is slightly larger than the electrode to ensure effective isolation and prevent short circuit.

[0080] Tab welding: Weld and parallel-connect the tabs of 2 positive plates and connect them to the positive lead terminal; weld and parallel-connect the tabs of 3 negative plates and connect them to the negative lead terminal; Battery capacity: Since 2 pieces of 10Ah positive plates are connected in parallel, the nominal capacity of the battery is 20Ah.

[0081] Step 3: Battery formation and performance testing Electrolyte injection: Add an appropriate amount of dilute sulfuric acid with a density of 1.260g / ml to the plastic container of the battery.

[0082] Formation process: Adopt the "three charge and two discharge" formation process for charging to optimize the activation effect of the positive plate.

[0083] Capacity test: Test conditions: Constant current discharge at 10A, cut-off voltage 1.75V.

[0084] - Test results: The discharge time reaches 2 hours and 05 minutes, and the calculated capacity is 20.8Ah, exceeding the nominal capacity of 20Ah, indicating that the battery has good utilization rate of the active material and discharge performance.

[0085] This battery adopts an optimized positive plate design, precise coating process and reasonable assembly method, ensuring a high energy density and stable discharge performance. The measured capacity exceeds the nominal value.

[0086] Example 6: This example provides a manufacturing process for a positive plate for a lead-acid battery using the present invention. The process steps are as follows: Step 1: Plate manufacturing Manufacture positive plates and negative plates. The size of the positive plate is: length 148mm × width 132mm × thickness 0.55mm; grid weight: 25g; active material weight: 160g; single plate capacity: 10Ah; The size of the negative plate is: length 148mm × width 132mm × thickness 0.35mm; grid weight: 14.5g; active material weight: 80g; single plate capacity: 6.67Ah.

[0087] Positive plate preparation process: Use a pasting machine to evenly coat the active material on the grid to form a wet positive plate. The wet positive plate is cured and dried in a curing and drying furnace, and finally a dry positive plate is obtained for battery assembly.

[0088] Step 2: Battery pack assembly Positive and negative plate combination method: Adopt 2 positive plates and 3 negative plates stacked alternately to optimize the current distribution and the utilization rate of the active material.

[0089] - Separator setting: Wrap 2 pieces of 0.6mm thick AGM separators outside the positive plate. The separator size is slightly larger than the electrode to ensure effective isolation and prevent short circuits.

[0090] Tab welding: Weld the tabs of 2 positive plates in parallel and connect to the positive lead terminal; weld the tabs of 3 negative plates in parallel and connect to the negative lead terminal; Battery capacity: Since 2 pieces of 10Ah positive plates are connected in parallel, the nominal capacity of the battery is 20Ah.

[0091] Step 3: Battery formation and performance testing Electrolyte injection: Add an appropriate amount of dilute sulfuric acid with a density of 1.260g / ml to the plastic container of the battery.

[0092] Formation process: Use the "three charge and two discharge" formation process for charging to optimize the activation effect of the positive plate.

[0093] Capacity test: Test conditions: Constant current discharge at 10A, cut-off voltage 1.75V.

[0094] - Test results: The discharge time reaches 2 hours and 4 minutes, and the calculated capacity is 20.6Ah, exceeding the nominal capacity of 20Ah, indicating that the battery has good utilization rate of the active material and discharge performance.

[0095] This battery adopts an optimized positive plate design, precise coating process and reasonable assembly method, ensuring a high energy density and stable discharge performance. The measured capacity exceeds the nominal value.

[0096] Example 7: This example provides a manufacturing process for a positive plate for a lead-acid battery using the present invention. The process steps are as follows: Step 1: Plate manufacturing Manufacture positive plates and negative plates. The size of the positive plate is: length 148mm × width 132mm × thickness 0.60mm; grid weight: 30g; active material weight: 150g; single plate capacity: 10Ah; The size of the negative electrode plate is: length 148 mm × width 132 mm × thickness 0.40 mm; the weight of the grid is 16.5 g; the weight of the active material is 65 g; the capacity of a single electrode plate is 6.67 Ah.

[0097] The preparation process of the electrode plate: Use a pasting machine to evenly coat the active material on the grid to form a wet electrode plate. The wet electrode plate is cured and dried in a curing and drying furnace, and finally a dry electrode plate is obtained for battery assembly.

[0098] Step 2: Battery pack assembly The combination method of the electrode plates: Stack 2 positive electrode plates and 3 negative electrode plates alternately to optimize the current distribution and the utilization rate of the active material.

[0099] - Diaphragm setting: Wrap 2 AGM diaphragms with a thickness of 0.6 mm outside the positive electrode plate. The size of the diaphragm is slightly larger than the electrode to ensure effective isolation and prevent short circuit.

[0100] Tab welding: Weld and parallel-connect the tabs of 2 positive electrode plates and connect them to the positive lead terminal; weld and parallel-connect the tabs of 3 negative electrode plates and connect them to the negative lead terminal; Battery capacity: Since 2 positive electrode plates with a capacity of 10 Ah are connected in parallel, the nominal capacity of the battery is 20 Ah.

[0101] Step 3: Battery formation and performance testing Electrolyte injection: Add an appropriate amount of dilute sulfuric acid with a density of 1.260 g / ml to the plastic container of the battery.

[0102] Formation process: Use the "three charging and two discharging" formation process for charging to optimize the activation effect of the electrode plate.

[0103] Capacity test: Test conditions: Constant current discharge at 10 A, cut-off voltage 1.75 V.

[0104] - Test results: The discharge time reaches 2 hours and 01 minute, and the calculated capacity is 20.2 Ah, exceeding the nominal capacity of 20 Ah, indicating that the battery has good utilization rate of the active material and discharge performance.

[0105] This battery adopts an optimized electrode plate design, a precise coating process and a reasonable assembly method, ensuring a high energy density and stable discharge performance. The measured capacity exceeds the nominal value.

[0106] Example 8: This example provides a further optimized solution based on Example 1. See Appendix Figure 1 Appendix Figure 5As shown, the positive electrode plate of the present invention forms a single-core battery after battery assembly. A main body 50 is provided at the end of the single-core battery. The main body 50 is in a long strip structure. At least two annular cavities are formed on the main body 50. A cylindrical inner cavity penetrating the main body 50 is provided in the annular cavity. The pole column 20 can pass through the cylindrical inner cavity. An insert 51 is provided on the annular cavity. A pole column cap 51 is detachably provided on the pole column 20. The insert 51 has a round hole allowing the pole column cap 51 and the pole column 20 to pass through. Glue can be stored in the annular cavity. A groove is provided at the edge of the round hole of the insert 51. The groove is provided to facilitate unscrewing the pole column cap 51 so that the pole column 20 can be welded to the connecting piece later, minimizing the damage to the glue sealing layer.

[0107] Clasps and a clamping head 52 are provided on both sides of the main body 50. The clamping head 52 corresponds to the clasp structure, and the two can form a clamping relationship. Adjacent single-core batteries can form a clamped state through the clamping head 52 and the clasp. A packaging bag 40 connected to a part of the main body 50 is sleeved outside the single-core battery.

[0108] In the content of this specification, Pb is lead, PbO is lead oxide, PbO n is a higher-order oxide of lead, PbO2 is lead dioxide, and Pb(OH)2 is lead hydroxide.

[0109] It should also be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation to the present application. Unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "installation", "connection", "connection", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to specific situations.

[0110] The above-described embodiments and / or implementation manners are only used to illustrate the preferred embodiments and / or implementation manners for implementing the technology of the present invention, and do not impose any formal limitations on the implementation manners of the technology of the present invention. Any person skilled in the art, without departing from the scope of the technical means disclosed in the content of the present invention, can make some changes or modifications to other equivalent embodiments, but should still be regarded as the same technology or embodiment as the present invention in essence.

[0111] In this article, specific examples are used to elaborate on the principles and implementation modes of this application. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and its core idea of this application. The above is only the preferred implementation mode of this application. It should be noted that due to the limited nature of literal expression and the objectively infinite specific structures, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principles of this application, several improvements, refinements or changes can be made, or the above technical features can be combined in an appropriate manner; these improvements, refinements, changes or combinations, or directly applying the concept and technical solution of the invention to other occasions without improvement, shall all be regarded as the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A positive electrode plate for a lead-acid battery, characterized in that, The alloy dosage of the positive plate is 2.0~3.0 g / Ah.

2. The positive electrode plate for a lead-acid battery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The positive plate alloy dosage is 0.569 to 0.853 g / cm 3 .

3. A positive electrode plate for a lead-acid battery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The positive plate includes a positive grid and positive plate active material.

4. The positive electrode plate for lead-acid battery according to claim 3, characterized in that, The amount of the positive electrode active material is 4.266 to 4.692 g / cm 3 .

5. The positive electrode plate for a lead-acid battery according to claim 3, characterized in that, The dosage of the positive plate active material is 15.0~16.5 g / Ah.

6. The positive electrode plate for a lead-acid battery according to claim 3, wherein The positive plate active material is lead paste, and the lead paste contains tin-plated carbon nanotubes and glass nanotubes.

7. The positive electrode plate for a lead-acid battery according to claim 3, characterized in that, The positive grid is a lead plate, which is subjected to rolling treatment and surface corona treatment, and then heat treatment.

8. The positive electrode plate for a lead-acid battery according to claim 7, characterized in that, After the surface corona treatment of the positive grid, a suspension containing an antimony compound is sprayed on the surface of the positive grid.

9. The positive electrode plate for a lead-acid battery according to claim 8, characterized in that, The mass percentage of the suspension containing an antimony compound is 1%~5%, and the spraying speed is 10 m / min~30 m / min.

10. A single cell, characterized in that, The single cell has a positive plate for lead-acid battery, a negative plate and a separator as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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