Bone transport instrument and application

Abstract

The invention provides a bone transport instrument, which comprises a head end fixer, a bone transport device, a bone transport device, a bone transport device and a bone transport device, and is characterized in that the head end fixer comprises a hydraulic cylinder; the guide rod is connected with a middle fixing device; the propeller is connected to the hydraulic cylinder of the head end fixer through a guide pipe; the two ends of the guide rod are connected with the head end fixers, and the guide rod is inserted into the hydraulic cylinder to form a hydraulic rod together with the hydraulic cylinder; the hydraulic cylinders at the two ends of the guide rod are connected to the two ends of the propeller through guide pipes correspondingly, and the propeller pumps hydraulic oil into the hydraulic cylinders through the guide pipes to push the guide rod to move. According to the internal traction mode, traction force does not need to be applied through an external fixing frame any more, it is avoided that too many kirschner wires are driven into limbs of a patient to fix sclerotin, the burden of the patient is relieved, wounds caused to the patient in the bone moving process are reduced, and therefore complications such as wound infection are further reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of medical devices, and particularly relates to a bone distraction device and its application. Background Art

[0002] In orthopedic clinical treatment, diseases such as bone defect, nonunion, and limb deformity have always been major challenges faced by clinicians. Traditional treatment methods include autologous bone grafting, allogeneic bone grafting, external fixator orthosis, etc., but these methods have many limitations. For example, the source of autologous bone grafting is limited, and it may cause donor site complications; allogeneic bone grafting has risks of immune rejection and infection; while traditional external fixation technology has a long treatment cycle and limited repair effect on complex bone defects.

[0003] In recent years, the bone distraction technique (Distraction Osteogenesis, DO) has gradually become an effective means for treating large segment bone defects and limb deformities due to its unique biological advantages. This technique gradually pulls the osteotomized bone segment, and uses the body's own regenerative ability to form new bone in the distraction gap. However, the existing bone distraction devices still have the following problems:

[0004] 1. Complex operation: The structure of the traditional external fixator is cumbersome, the installation and adjustment process has high technical requirements for doctors, and the postoperative management of patients is inconvenient.

[0005] 2. Insufficient accuracy: Manual adjustment of the distraction distance is prone to errors, which affects the quality of bone regeneration and even leads to poor bone healing or malunion.

[0006] 3. Poor comfort: The external fixation pins are prone to pin tract infection, and long-term wearing brings great inconvenience to the daily life of patients.

[0007] 4. Low intelligence level: Lack of real-time monitoring and automatic regulation functions, and unable to dynamically optimize the distraction parameters according to the bone regeneration situation.

[0008] However, in addition to the above problems, the biggest defect of the bone distraction devices currently used in clinical practice is the excessive trauma caused to patients. The traditional external fixator form tears the patient's muscle tissue during each distraction process, thereby increasing the patient's pain and at the same time triggering other complications, bringing a great burden to the patient.

[0009] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a new type of bone distraction device to abandon the traditional external fixator distraction method, reduce the trauma to the patient's limb, reduce complications, and at the same time improve the accuracy and controllability of bone distraction. Summary of the Invention

[0010] In order to solve the problems that external traction of the external fixator causes excessive trauma to patients and the accuracy and controllability of relocation are not high, the present invention provides a bone relocation instrument, which provides the power required for bone relocation through hydraulic pressure, realizes traction from inside the patient's limb, and no longer requires the external fixator to provide the traction basis during the relocation process.

[0011] Specifically, a bone relocation instrument includes:

[0012] A head-end fixator, and the head-end fixator includes a hydraulic cylinder;

[0013] A guide rod, and an intermediate fixator is connected to the guide rod;

[0014] A pusher, and the pusher is connected to the hydraulic cylinder of the head-end fixator through a catheter;

[0015] Both ends of the guide rod are connected with head-end fixators. The guide rod is inserted into the hydraulic cylinder and forms a hydraulic rod with the hydraulic cylinder. The hydraulic cylinders at both ends of the guide rod are respectively connected to both ends of the pusher through catheters. The pusher pumps hydraulic oil into the hydraulic cylinder through the catheter to push the guide rod to move.

[0016] Further, limiting platforms that are mutually clamped are provided on the outer periphery of the guide rod and the inner periphery of the hydraulic cylinder, and a sealing rubber layer is fixedly provided on the outer periphery of the limiting platform.

[0017] Further, the pusher includes: a liquid storage barrel, a push rod, and a piston. The push rod is in a "U" shape, one end is fixedly connected to the piston and placed in the liquid storage barrel, and the other end is slidably connected to the outside of the liquid storage barrel, and an adjusting column is also provided.

[0018] Further, two lifting lugs are provided on the outside of the liquid storage barrel. The push rod passes through the two lifting lugs and can slide freely; the adjusting column is threadedly connected to the push rod and placed between the two lifting lugs. At the same time, a locking cap is threadedly connected to the end of the push rod, and the locking cap is placed outside the lifting lug.

[0019] Further, a scale is provided on the side surface of the lifting lug, and the scale is parallel to the push rod.

[0020] Further, the intermediate fixator includes a sleeve sleeved on the guide rod. Matching fixing holes are provided on the guide rod and the sleeve. The guide rod and the sleeve are limited by inserting fixing nails into the fixing holes; a relocation plate is connected to the sleeve, and fixing nails are provided on the relocation plate.

[0021] Further, there are two left and right guide rods, and hydraulic cylinders are connected to both ends of each catheter; the hydraulic cylinders on the same side are fixedly connected to a fixing plate, and fixing nails are provided on the fixing plate.

[0022] Furthermore, sleeves are sleeved on both of the two guide rods, and lifting lugs are arranged inside the sleeves. Both sides of the moving plate are rotatably connected to the lifting lugs; a plurality of fixing holes are equidistantly distributed on the guide rods.

[0023] Furthermore, an axial limiting groove is arranged at the contact position between the guide rod and the hydraulic cylinder.

[0024] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0025] The present invention uses the form of "hydraulic rod" to pull the bone to be moved for movement.

[0026] On the one hand, this form of internal traction no longer requires applying traction force through an external fixator, avoiding excessive insertion of Kirschner wires into the patient's limb to fix the bone, reducing the burden on the patient, and reducing the trauma caused to the patient during bone transport, thereby further reducing complications such as wound infection.

[0027] On the other hand, the internal adjustment form provided by the present invention can be realized only by adjusting the oil pressure at both ends of the device from the outside of the patient's limb. During the process of bone transport adjustment, it is no longer necessary to perform excessive surgical fixation on the patient's limb. The operation is simple and convenient, and during the transport process, it will not be interfered by external muscle tissues, thereby reducing the difficulty of bone transport and improving its accuracy. Description of the Drawings

[0028] Figure 1 is an overall structural schematic diagram of a bone transport instrument;

[0029] Figure 2 is a front view of a bone transport instrument;

[0030] Figure 3 is another front view of a bone transport instrument;

[0031] Figure 4 is the attachment Figure 3 sectional view taken along A-A in;

[0032] Figure 5 is the attachment Figure 3 sectional view taken along B-B in;

[0033] Figure 6 is the attachment Figure 1 local enlarged view of part 7 in;

[0034] Figure 7 is the attachment Figure 4 local enlarged view of part 9 in;

[0035] Figure 8 is the attachment Figure 2 local enlarged view of part 8 in.

[0036] The components represented by each label in the attached drawings are as follows:

[0037] 1 - Head end fixator; 11 - Hydraulic cylinder; 12 - Fixed plate; 13 - Fixing nail; 2 - Guide rod; 21 - Fixing hole; 22 - Sealing adhesive layer; 3 - Intermediate fixator; 31 - Sleeve; 32 - Moving plate; 4 - Pusher; 41 - Liquid storage cylinder; 42 - Push rod; 43 - Adjusting column; 44 - Locking cap; 45 - Piston; 46 - Scale; 5 - Catheter. Detailed implementation mode

[0038] In order to solve the problems of excessive trauma to patients caused by the current external fixator - type bone transport, as well as difficult adjustment and low precision, the present invention provides a bone transport instrument, which specifically includes:

[0039] A head end fixator 1, a guide rod 2, and a pusher 4. The head end fixator 1 includes a provided hydraulic cylinder 11. An intermediate fixator 3 is connected to the guide rod 2 for connecting the bone to be transported; in the present invention, the guide rod 2 and the hydraulic cylinder 11 are sleeved and combined into a hydraulic push rod 42, and the pusher 4 is a power device for hydraulic oil pumping of the hydraulic push rod 42, and is fixedly connected to the tail end of the hydraulic cylinder 11 through a catheter 5; when the pusher 4 pumps hydraulic oil into the hydraulic cylinder 11, the guide rod 2 is pushed to drive the intermediate fixator 3 to move, thereby realizing bone transport.

[0040] The following combines the attached Figures 1-8 to specifically describe the present invention:

[0041] Embodiment 1

[0042] Based on the above, referring to the attached Figures 1-8 , both ends of the guide rod 2 are connected with a head end fixator 1, and its hydraulic cylinder 11 is respectively connected to both ends of the pusher 4 through a catheter 5, and a fixed plate 12 is fixedly connected to the hydraulic cylinder 11 for fixing the device on the fixed bone at both ends of the transport; the pusher 4 pumps hydraulic oil into the hydraulic cylinder 11 through the catheter 5 to push the guide rod 2 to move; as shown in the figure, the hydraulic cylinders 11 at both ends of the same guide rod 2 are simultaneously in the states of hydraulic increase and decrease under the action of the pusher 4, so as to coordinately push the guide rod 2 to a single side to realize the transport of the bone by the guide rod 2.

[0043] In order to achieve the above state, first, limiting platforms that are engaged with each other are provided on the outer circumference of the guide rod 2 and the inner circumference of the hydraulic cylinder 11, and a sealing adhesive layer 22 is fixedly provided on the outer circumference of the limiting platform; while ensuring the movement limit of the guide rod 2, it is ensured that the hydraulic oil will not leak to cause secondary damage to the patient.

[0044] At the same time, the preferred implementation mode of the pusher 4 that matches the operation of the guide rod 2 and the hydraulic cylinder 11 is as follows:

[0045] In this embodiment, the pusher 4 includes a liquid storage barrel, a push rod 42, and a piston 45. The push rod 42 is in a "U" shape. One end is fixedly connected to the piston 45 and placed in the liquid storage barrel, and the other end is slidably connected to the outside of the liquid storage barrel. At the same time, an adjusting column 43 is provided. In the liquid storage barrel, the piston 45 serves as a demarcation point. One side space is connected to the liquid cylinder at the head end of the guide rod 2, and the other side space is connected to the hydraulic cylinder 11 at the tail end of the guide rod 2. When the piston 45 moves, the sizes of the two side spaces change reciprocally, so as to realize the synchronization of pressure reduction and pressure increase at both ends of the guide rod 2, that is, the simple movement of the piston 45 is converted into the synchronous movement of the guide rod 2, thereby realizing the two-way movement of the bone. Compared with the form of fixing and moving the traditional external fixation bracket through Kirschner wires, the operation is simpler and the adjustment is faster.

[0046] Based on the above, in this embodiment, the adjusting column 43 is used to limit the active state, that is, to limit the bone transport state. Specifically, two lifting lugs are provided on the outside of the liquid storage barrel. The push rod 42 passes through the two lifting lugs and can slide freely. The adjusting column 43 is provided with a threaded connection on the push rod 42 and is placed between the two lifting lugs. When the adjusting column 43 is rotated, the push rod 42 can be driven to move towards both ends of the liquid storage cylinder 41, thereby driving the piston 45 to move. Since lifting lugs are provided on both sides of the adjusting column 43 and the push rod 42 cannot rotate itself, even under the action of external pressure, the adjusting column 43 can still stably keep the push rod 42 from moving. Only when the adjusting column 43 is manually rotated can the push rod 42 be driven to move. In this way, the one-way drive restriction of the push rod 42 and the adjusting column 43 is realized, that is, the push rod 42 can only be driven by the adjusting column 43, and the adjusting column 43 cannot be driven by the push rod 42, so as to achieve the purpose of limiting the push rod 42 and limiting the bone transport state. Compared with the traditional fixing form of an external fixator plus Kirschner wires, in this embodiment, the fixing state of the bone transport is converted into the movement state fixing of the driving structure, without the need to rely on the patient's limb, and the fixing state does not need to be completed by Kirschner wires, reducing the damage to the patient's limb.

[0047] In order to make the limit of the adjusting column 43 to the push rod 42 more stable, in this embodiment, a locking cap 44 is threadedly connected to the end of the push rod 42. The locking cap 44 is placed outside the lifting lug. When the locking cap 44 is tightened, under the pulling force of the push rod 42, the adjusting column 43 can be made to closely adhere to the side wall of the lifting lug, and further limited through the end face friction force, improving the stability of the device during the bone transport process.

[0048] Embodiment 2

[0049] Based on the above, in order to better clarify the bone transport distance, the difference between this embodiment and the above Embodiment 1 is that a scale 46 is provided on the side of the lifting lug. The scale 46 is parallel to the push rod 42 and is used to measure the movement distance of the push rod 42, so as to obtain the bone transport distance through the calculation rule of hydraulic conduction, facilitating the doctor to accurately perform bone transport at a fixed distance and control its state.

[0050] Example 3

[0051] Refer to the appendix Figures 1-8 Based on the above Example 1, this example provides a preferred implementation of the intermediate fixator 3.

[0052] In this example, the intermediate fixator 3 includes a sleeve 31 sleeved on the guide rod 2. Matching fixing holes 21 are provided on the guide rod 2 and the sleeve 31. The guide rod 2 and the sleeve 31 are limited by inserting a fixing nail 13 into the fixing hole 21. A moving plate 32 is connected to the sleeve 31, and a fixing nail 13 is provided on the moving plate 32 for fixing the bone mass to be moved.

[0053] In this example, a number of fixing holes 21 are equidistantly distributed on the guide rod 2. Taking the 7 fixing holes 21 in the attached drawing as an example, it is convenient to adjust the position of the moving plate 32 to better match the bone mass to be moved.

[0054] Example 4

[0055] Different from the above Example 3, in this example, there are two guide rods 2 parallel to each other on the left and right. Both ends of each catheter 5 are connected to a hydraulic cylinder 11. And the hydraulic cylinders 11 on the same side are fixedly connected to a fixing plate 12, and fixing nails 13 are provided on the fixing plate 12 for connecting the fixed bone masses on both sides of the bone transport.

[0056] In this example, sleeves 31 are sleeved on both guide rods 2, and lifting lugs are provided inside the sleeves. Both sides of the moving plate 32 are rotatably connected to the lifting lugs. A number of fixing holes 21 are equidistantly distributed on the guide rod 2. If the fixing holes 21 connected to the sleeve 31 are installed out of alignment, the oblique state transportation of the bone mass can be realized, enriching the application state of the device. At the same time, the setting of the two parallel guide rods 2 improves the movement stability of the device during the bone transport process.

[0057] Example 5

[0058] Based on the above Examples 1-4, in this example, an axial limiting groove is provided at the contact between the guide rod 2 and the hydraulic cylinder 11 to prevent the relative rotation of the guide rod 2 and the hydraulic cylinder 11, thereby changing the state of the bone mass during the transport process.

[0059] It should be noted that any example of the present invention used in combination with a fixing steel plate can improve its stability and at the same time avoid excessive stretching of the patient's muscle tissue. The steel plate fixes the bone masses on both sides of the transported bone to form a fixed state, and then the device is fixed on the fixed bone mass and the transported bone mass. The steel plate bears the tensile moment during the transport process, which not only reduces the burden on the patient, but also improves the accuracy of the relative movement of the intermediate fixator 3 relative to both ends, that is, improves the accuracy of bone transport.

[0060] In summary, the built-in hydraulic relocation system provided by the present invention reduces the harm caused to patients compared with the traditional external fixator relocation, simplifies the operation process of bone relocation, and improves the relocation accuracy at the same time.

Claims

1. A bone transport device, characterized in that: Comprising: A head-end fixator (1), the head-end fixator (1) including a hydraulic cylinder (11); A guide rod (2), an intermediate fixator (3) being connected to the guide rod (2); A pusher (4), the pusher (4) being connected to the hydraulic cylinder (11) of the head-end fixator (1) through a conduit (5); Both ends of the guide rod (2) are connected with a head-end fixator (1), the guide rod (2) is inserted into the hydraulic cylinder (11) and forms a hydraulic rod with the hydraulic cylinder (11); the hydraulic cylinders (11) at both ends of the guide rod (2) are respectively connected to both ends of the pusher (4) through the conduit (5), and the pusher (4) pumps hydraulic oil into the hydraulic cylinder (11) through the conduit (5) to push the guide rod (2) to move.

2. The bone distraction instrument according to claim 1, wherein: Limit platforms which are engaged with each other are provided on the outer periphery of the guide rod (2) and the inner periphery of the hydraulic cylinder (11), and a sealant layer (22) is fixedly provided on the outer periphery of the limit platform.

3. The bone distraction instrument according to claim 1, wherein: The pusher (4) includes: a liquid storage barrel, a push rod (42), and a piston (45), the push rod (42) being in a "U" shape, one end fixedly connected to the piston (45) and placed in the liquid storage barrel, and the other end being slidably connected to the outside of the liquid storage barrel, and an adjusting column (43) is provided at the same time.

4. The bone distraction instrument according to claim 3, wherein: Two lifting lugs are provided on the outside of the liquid storage barrel, the push rod (42) passes through the two lifting lugs and can slide freely; the adjusting column (43) is threadedly connected to the push rod (42) and is placed between the two lifting lugs, and a locking cap (44) is threadedly connected to the end of the push rod (42) at the same time, and the locking cap (44) is placed outside the lifting lug.

5. The bone distraction instrument according to claim 4, wherein: A scale (46) is provided on the side surface of the lifting lug, and the scale (46) is parallel to the push rod (42).

6. The bone distraction instrument according to claim 1, wherein: The intermediate fixator (3) includes a sleeve (31) sleeved on the guide rod (2), and matching fixing holes (21) are provided on the guide rod (2) and the sleeve (31), and the guide rod (2) and the sleeve (31) are limited by inserting a fixing nail (13) into the fixing hole (21); a moving plate (32) is connected to the sleeve (31), and a fixing nail (13) is provided on the moving plate (32).

7. The bone distraction instrument according to claim 6, wherein: There are two left and right guide rods (2), and both ends of each conduit (5) are connected to a hydraulic cylinder (11); the hydraulic cylinders (11) on the same side are fixedly connected to a fixing plate (12), and a fixing nail (13) is provided on the fixing plate (12).

8. The bone distraction instrument according to claim 6, wherein: Sleeves (31) are sleeved on both of the two guide rods (2), and lifting lugs are provided inside the sleeves, and both sides of the moving plate (32) are rotatably connected to the lifting lugs; a plurality of fixing holes (21) with equidistant distribution are provided on the guide rod (2).

9. The bone distraction instrument according to claim 1, wherein: An axial limiting groove is provided at the contact position between the guide rod (2) and the hydraulic cylinder (11).

10. Application of the bone transport instrument according to claims 1-9 in bone defect type bone transport.

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