Multi-section mineralization flotation column

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of mineral separation and processing, and discloses a multi-section mineralization flotation column. Comprising a flotation column body, a concentrate tank, an internal tank body, a raw material feeding assembly and a middling circulating assembly. The interior of the flotation column body is divided into a separation area, a mineralization area and a tailing area from top to bottom; the mineralization area is divided into a main mineralization area and a middling area through the internal tank body, and the top and the bottom of the internal tank body are perforated plates. The raw material feeding assembly conveys mineralization slurry to the main mineralization area through a vertically-downward discharging opening, the middling circulation assembly reversely sprays middlings which are not completely mineralized into the inner tank body through at least one set of middling feeding pipes, and a multi-section synergistic mineralization area is formed. The problems that in the prior art, mineralization is incomplete, the bubble stability is poor, and equipment is prone to being blocked are solved through multi-section mineralization, and the mineral recovery rate and the flotation efficiency can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of mineral separation and processing, and particularly relates to a flotation column with multi-stage mineralization. Background Art

[0002] As a core device for mineral separation, the technical development of flotation columns has always revolved around improving mineralization efficiency, enhancing bubble stability, and adapting to complex ore characteristics.

[0003] The mineralization methods and related processes of traditional flotation columns vary. Domestically, for example, KYZ-B and CCF flotation columns use direct air bubble generators, KYZ-E flotation columns use mixed-flow bubble generators of pulp and air, and the cyclone static microbubble flotation column combines pipe-flow mineralization, cyclone force field, and countercurrent collision; abroad, for example, the CISA flotation column uses a static mixer to achieve the mixing of pulp and air, and the bubble generation system includes an embedded static mixer and a centrifugal pump. The Jameson flotation column has efficient mineralization in the lower conduit mixer. Each type of flotation column generates bubbles through its specific bubble generation and mineralization methods. The bubbles rise in the column and collide with mineral particles in the pulp, causing the mineral particles to attach to the bubbles to achieve mineralization. However, the above flotation columns generally have the problem of instability of the single-section aerator, resulting in poor bubble generation stability, and most are single-section mineralization areas, making the mineralization incomplete, and it is difficult for mineral particles to fully attach to the bubbles, affecting the overall effect and efficiency of flotation.

[0004] Patent CN117244700A discloses a flotation column with collaborative aeration and jet foaming, which uses collaborative aeration and jet foaming to generate microbubbles by sucking air with a high-pressure jet. Although this patent solves the problem of too large bubble size, the mineralization area is single, the segmented mineralization collaboration is not achieved, and the turbulence intensity inside the tank is low, which will lead to incomplete mineralization and low resource utilization rate.

[0005] Patent CN112122008A discloses a central circulation diversion type cyclone aeration flotation device and method, which strengthens the collision between bubbles and particles through the cyclone force field. However, its mineralization area is still a single structure, and the turbulence intensity is insufficient, resulting in incomplete mineralization and low resource utilization rate.

[0006] Patent CN205926036U discloses a pre-injection high-efficiency flotation column, which avoids the blockage of the bubble generator by tangentially injecting pulp. However, it also has the disadvantages of a single mineralization selection area, low turbulence intensity inside the tank, and no collaborative effect in the mineralization selection area, resulting in low mineralization.

[0007] Based on the comprehensive traditional domestic and foreign technical solutions and improvement technical attempts, the existing flotation columns have the following problems: (1)The mineralization area is single and the mineralization is incomplete. The turbulence intensity inside the main trough is low, and there is no synergistic effect among multiple mineralization selection areas, resulting in the loss of target minerals to tailings and low resource utilization rate. (2)A single aeration device such as a microporous foamer is prone to blockage. The impurities in the pulp block the micropores, which is not conducive to continuous production. Summary of the Invention

[0008] Aiming at at least one problem existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a flotation column with multi-stage mineralization.

[0009] To achieve the purpose of the present invention, the specific technical solutions are as follows: A multi-stage mineralization flotation column includes: A flotation column body, which is divided into a separation area, a mineralization area and a tailing area from top to bottom inside. A middlings discharge port is arranged at the bottom of the mineralization area, and a tailings discharge port is arranged at the bottom of the tailing area; A concentrate tank, which is fixedly arranged at the upper part of the flotation column body and is connected to the separation area of the flotation column body through an overflow port. A concentrate discharge port is arranged at the bottom of the concentrate tank; An internal trough body, which is arranged inside the mineralization area and divides the mineralization area into a main mineralization area and a middling area. The top and bottom of the internal trough body are of a porous plate structure; A raw material feeding assembly, including a raw material feeding foaming device and a raw material feeding gas-liquid mixing device that are connected. The raw material feeding gas-liquid mixing device is provided with a raw material feeding pipe and a raw material discharging pipe. The raw material discharging pipe extends downward to the main mineralization area, and at least one raw material discharging port with a downward discharging direction is arranged; A middlings recycling assembly, including a middlings recycling pump connected to the middlings discharge port and at least one group of middlings feeding assemblies respectively connected to the discharging end of the middlings recycling pump. The middlings feeding assembly includes a middlings feeding foaming device and a middlings feeding gas-liquid mixing device that are connected. The middlings feeding gas-liquid mixing device is provided with a middlings feeding pipe and a middlings discharging pipe. The middlings feeding gas-liquid mixing device is connected to the middlings recycling pump through the middlings feeding pipe. The discharging port of the middlings discharging pipe is arranged inside the internal trough body, and the discharging directions of at least one middlings discharging pipe and the raw material discharging pipe are oppositely arranged in the vertical direction and form a counterflush.

[0010] Furthermore, the internal trough body is of a structure with a smaller upper part and a larger lower part and is axially centered.

[0011] Furthermore, the structure with a smaller upper part and a larger lower part is a frustum of a cone or a frustum of a pyramid with multiple edges.

[0012] Furthermore, the ratio of the height of the structure with a smaller upper part and a larger lower part to the height of the flotation column body is 1:2 - 3.

[0013] Furthermore, the opening area of the porous plate structure accounts for 75% - 85% of the area of the porous plate structure where it is located, and the area of a single hole accounts for 5% - 15% of the area of the porous plate structure where it is located.

[0014] Furthermore, the discharging direction of the raw material discharging port is vertically downward.

[0015] Furthermore, at least two raw material discharging ports with downward discharging directions are arranged in the main mineralization area.

[0016] Even further, the raw material discharging ports are arranged at the same horizontal line height.

[0017] Even further, the raw material discharging ports are located at the middle part of the main mineralization area.

[0018] Furthermore, two groups of middle ore feeding assemblies are provided, and the pipe orifices of the corresponding middle ore discharging pipes are respectively located above and below the pipe orifice of the raw material discharging pipe. The discharging direction of the middle ore discharging pipe located above is set upward; the discharging direction of the middle ore discharging pipe located below is oppositely arranged with the discharging direction of the raw material discharging pipe in the vertical direction and forms a counterflush.

[0019] Even further, the discharging direction of the middle ore discharging pipe located above is vertically upward.

[0020] Even further, the middle ore feeding assembly includes a first middle ore feeding assembly above and a second middle ore feeding assembly below; The first middle ore feeding assembly includes a first middle ore feeding foaming device and a first middle ore feeding gas-liquid mixing device which are connected. The first middle ore feeding gas-liquid mixing device is provided with a first middle ore feeding pipe, a first middle ore discharging pipe and a first gas-liquid conveying nozzle which is oppositely arranged with the discharging direction of the raw material discharging pipe; The second middle ore feeding assembly includes a second middle ore feeding foaming device and a second middle ore feeding gas-liquid mixing device which are connected. The second middle ore feeding gas-liquid mixing device is provided with a second middle ore feeding pipe, a second middle ore discharging pipe and a second gas-liquid conveying nozzle which is oppositely arranged with the discharging direction of the raw material discharging pipe.

[0021] Furthermore, the flow rate of the middle ore circulating pump is 2.0 to 3.0 times the feeding flow rate of the raw material feeding pipe.

[0022] Furthermore, a concentrate spraying device is arranged at the top of the concentrate tank.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: (1) Through the collaborative design of multiple mineralization areas, the regulation of the turbulent intensity gradient and the layout of the foaming device, the present invention systematically solves the problems of incomplete mineralization, poor bubble stability and easy blockage of equipment in the existing flotation column, and improves the flotation efficiency, resource utilization rate and equipment reliability.

[0024] (2) The present invention can improve the mineralization and recovery efficiency. The multi-stage mineralization zones operate in coordination to extend the contact and interaction time between mineral particles and bubbles. Specifically, when set to three-stage mineralization zones, the first-stage mineralization first enables the easily floatable minerals to attach to bubbles. The incompletely mineralized particles interact with the bubbles generated by the foaming device again in the corresponding devices and the internal tank in the latter two-stage mineralizations. The second-stage mineralization is carried out on the basis of the first-stage mineralization zone. It cooperates with the first-stage mineralization zone to recover the mineralized particles through the reaction force and returns the incompletely mineralized particles in the first stage for re-recovery as middlings. Due to the difference in the cross-sectional area through which the pulp flows in the internal tank, the turbulence intensities of the third-stage mineralization and the second-stage mineralization are different. The turbulence intensity of the third-stage mineralization zone is greater than that of the second-stage mineralization zone, making the mineralization effect of the third stage better than that of the second mineralization zone. It can further increase the turbulence intensity inside the fluid field and the mineralization time between mineral particles and bubbles. Overall, the three-stage mineralization zones operate in coordination, reducing the loss of target minerals in the tailings, improving the flotation recovery rate, and optimizing the resource utilization rate.

[0025] (3) The present invention can enhance the flotation adaptability and stability. The combination of multi-stage mineralization and the internal tank with a reasonable layout of multiple components is conducive to dealing with pulp of different properties. When processing complex ores, by flexibly adjusting the mineralization condition parameters of each stage, a stable flotation effect can be maintained, reducing the impact of ore property fluctuations on flotation indexes and improving the overall stability and reliability of the flotation process.

[0026] (4) The present invention can reduce equipment maintenance. By using multiple foaming devices and optimizing the action path of pulp and bubbles with the help of the middlings circulation system, the risk of blockage is dispersed. When local impurities accumulate in a certain component, due to the shunt and circulation effect of the system, it will not cause the equipment to break down, reducing the shutdown and cleaning frequency caused by equipment blockage, cutting the maintenance cost, and ensuring production continuity and economy. Description of the Drawings

[0027] The drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation to the present invention. In the drawings: Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of a flotation column for multi-stage mineralization.

[0028] Figure 2 It is a structural diagram of the internal tank.

[0029] Wherein: 1. Raw material feeding foaming device; 2. Raw material feeding gas-liquid mixing device; 3. Raw material feeding pipe; 4. Concentrate tank; 5. Flotation column body; 6. First middling feeding foaming device; 7. First middling feeding gas-liquid mixing device; 8. First middling feeding pipe; 9. Second middling feeding foaming device; 10. Second middling feeding gas-liquid mixing device; 11. Second middling feeding pipe; 12. Middling circulating pump; 13. Middling discharge port; 14. Tailings discharge port; 15. Second middling discharge pipe; 16. Second gas-liquid delivery nozzle; 17. Secondary mineralization area; 18. First middling discharge pipe; 19. First gas-liquid delivery nozzle; 20. Tertiary mineralization area; 21. Internal tank body; 22. First raw ore conveying pipe section; 23. Second raw ore conveying pipe section; 24. Concentrate discharge port; 25. Concentrate spraying device; 26. Primary mineralization area. Detailed implementation manners

[0030] To facilitate the understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described more comprehensively and meticulously below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the specification and preferred embodiments, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following specific embodiments.

[0031] Unless otherwise defined, all the technical terms used hereinafter have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art. The technical terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0032] Unless otherwise specifically stated, all kinds of raw materials, reagents, instruments and equipment used in the present invention can be obtained through market purchase or can be prepared by existing methods.

[0033] As Figure 1 and 2 shown, the present invention provides a multi-stage mineralization flotation column, comprising: A flotation column body 5, the interior of which is divided from top to bottom into a separation zone, a mineralization zone and a tailings zone. A middling discharge port 13 is arranged at the bottom of the mineralization zone, and a tailings discharge port 14 is arranged at the bottom of the tailings zone; A concentrate tank 4, fixedly arranged at the upper part of the flotation column body, belonging to the concentrate area, communicating with the separation zone of the flotation column body 5 through an overflow port, and a concentrate discharge port 24 is arranged at the bottom of the concentrate tank 4; An internal tank body 21, arranged in the mineralization zone, dividing the mineralization zone into a main mineralization zone and a middling zone, and the top and bottom of the internal tank body 21 are of a porous plate structure; A raw material feeding assembly, comprising a connected raw material feeding foaming device 1 and a raw material feeding gas-liquid mixing device 2. The raw material feeding gas-liquid mixing device 2 is provided with a raw material feeding pipe 3 and a raw material discharge pipe, and the raw material discharge pipe extends downward to the main mineralization zone and is provided with at least one raw material discharge port with a downward discharge direction; The middlings recycling component includes a middlings recycling pump 12 connected to the middlings discharge port 13 and at least one set of middlings feeding components respectively connected to the discharge end of the middlings recycling pump 12. The middlings feeding components include a connected middlings feeding foaming device and a middlings feeding gas-liquid mixing device. The middlings feeding gas-liquid mixing device is provided with a middlings feeding pipe and a middlings discharge pipe. The middlings feeding gas-liquid mixing device is connected to the middlings recycling pump 12 through the middlings feeding pipe. The discharge port of the middlings discharge pipe is arranged inside the inner tank body 21. The discharge directions of at least one middlings discharge pipe and the raw material discharge pipe are oppositely arranged in the vertical direction and form a counterflush.

[0034] In a specific embodiment, the inner tank body 21 is a frustum structure with a smaller upper part and a larger lower part axially centered. The structure with a smaller upper part and a larger lower part can make the internal turbulence intensity large, and the upper and lower bottoms are composed of perforated plates. During use, the bubbles float upward and the pulp descends, ensuring the stability of the foam area at the upper bottom and enhancing the fluidity of the pulp at the lower bottom.

[0035] In a specific embodiment, the ratio of the height of the structure with a smaller upper part and a larger lower part to the height of the flotation column body 5 is 1:2 - 3.

[0036] In a specific embodiment, the opening area of the perforated plate structure accounts for 75% - 85% of the area of the perforated plate structure where it is located, and the area of a single hole accounts for 5% - 15% of the area of the perforated plate structure where it is located. This setting can make the flow of the pulp between the inner tank body 21 and the flotation column body 5 smooth and avoid the blockage of the holes in the inner tank body 21.

[0037] In a specific embodiment, the pulp enters the flotation column body 5 through the raw material feeding pipe 3. The raw material discharge pipe of the raw material feeding gas-liquid mixing device 2 extends downward to the main mineralization area, and at least two raw material discharge ports with downward discharge directions are arranged in the main mineralization area.

[0038] In a specific embodiment, the raw material discharge ports are arranged at the same horizontal line height, and the raw material discharge ports are located in the middle part of the main mineralization area.

[0039] In a specific embodiment, the discharge directions of the raw material discharge ports are vertically downward.

[0040] In a specific embodiment, the raw material feeding gas-liquid mixing device 2 is arranged above the flotation column body 5. The raw material feeding pipe 3 is located on the upper side of the concentrate tank 4. The raw material discharge pipe includes a first raw ore conveying pipe section 22 and a second raw ore conveying pipe section 23 arranged vertically in parallel. The pulp in the raw material feeding gas-liquid mixing device 2 extends downward through the concentrate area and the separation area to the main mineralization area inside the flotation column through the raw material discharge pipe, forming two raw material discharge ports.

[0041] In a specific embodiment, two sets of middlings feeding assemblies are provided, and the nozzles of the corresponding middlings discharge pipes are respectively located above and below the nozzle of the raw material discharge pipe. The discharging direction of the middlings discharge pipe located above is set upward; the discharging direction of the middlings discharge pipe located below is oppositely arranged in the vertical direction to the discharging direction of the raw material discharge pipe and forms a counterflush.

[0042] In a specific embodiment, the middlings feeding assembly includes a first middlings feeding assembly above and a second middlings feeding assembly below. The slurry can be respectively transported to the first middlings feeding assembly and the second middlings feeding assembly through the middlings discharge port 13 by the middlings circulation pump 12 and then enter the main mineralization area again.

[0043] The first middlings feeding assembly includes a first middlings feeding foaming device 6 and a first middlings feeding gas-liquid mixing device 7 which are connected. The first middlings feeding gas-liquid mixing device 7 is provided with a first middlings feeding pipe 8, a first middlings discharge pipe 18 and a first gas-liquid delivery nozzle 19 located above the nozzle of the raw material discharge pipe. The discharging direction of the first gas-liquid delivery nozzle 19 is set vertically upward.

[0044] The second middlings feeding assembly includes a second middlings feeding foaming device 9 and a second middlings feeding gas-liquid mixing device 10 which are connected. The second middlings feeding gas-liquid mixing device 10 is provided with a second middlings feeding pipe 11, a second middlings discharge pipe 15 and a second gas-liquid delivery nozzle 16 which is opposite to the discharging direction of the raw material discharge pipe and forms a counterflush.

[0045] The middlings discharge port 13 and the middlings circulation pump 12 cooperate to construct a middlings circulation operation system. The middlings circulation operation covers the first middlings feeding foaming device 6, the second middlings feeding foaming device 9, the first middlings feeding gas-liquid mixing device 7 and the second middlings feeding gas-liquid mixing device 10, the first middlings discharge pipe 18 and the second middlings discharge pipe 15.

[0046] In a specific embodiment, a concentrate spraying device 25 is provided at the top of the concentrate tank 4.

[0047] In a specific embodiment, a tailings discharge port 14 is provided at the bottom of the flotation column body 5 to ensure efficient discharge of tailings.

[0048] In a specific embodiment, the raw material feeding foaming device 1, the first middlings feeding foaming device 6, and the second middlings feeding foaming device 9 can adopt inflatable, jet, mechanical stirring or composite foaming devices applicable to flotation columns on the market, including but not limited to microporous aeration devices, jet nozzle devices or swirl shear devices; the foaming device is connected to its corresponding gas-liquid mixing device and is used to disperse air into bubbles and mix with the pulp in the gas-liquid mixing device.

[0049] In a specific embodiment, when using the multi-stage mineralization flotation column of the present invention: The pulp enters the raw material feeding gas-liquid mixing device 2 through the raw material feeding pipe 3. The raw material feeding foaming device 1 generates bubbles, which act on the pulp in the raw material feeding gas-liquid mixing device 2 and then enter the inner tank body 21 through the first raw ore conveying pipe section 22 and the second raw ore conveying pipe section 23. The pulp forms a primary mineralization area 26 in the inner tank body 21, which is called the first-stage mineralization. The mineral particles that are not fully mineralized and sink pass through the inner tank body 21 and flow out from the middlings discharge port 13 at the bottom of the mineralization area. After flowing out from the middlings discharge port 13, the middlings enter the middlings circulation pump 12 and are divided into two pulp streams under the action of the middlings circulation pump 12 and enter the first middlings feeding pipe 8 and the second middlings feeding pipe 11 respectively. The middlings enter the second middlings feeding gas-liquid mixing device 10 together with the bubbles generated by the second middlings feeding foaming device 9 through the second middlings feeding pipe 11, and after sufficient action, are conveyed to the inner tank body 21 through the second middlings discharge pipe 15, and then are ejected by the second gas-liquid delivery nozzle 16 to form a secondary mineralization area 17, which is called the second-stage mineralization. The second-stage mineralization is carried out on the basis of the first-stage mineralization area. By sending out a force in the opposite direction to the primary mineralization direction through the middlings circulation pump 12, it cooperates with the first-stage mineralization area to recover the mineralized particles, and returns and recovers the particles that are not fully mineralized in the first stage. The middlings enter the first middlings feeding gas-liquid mixing device 7 together with the bubbles generated by the first middlings feeding foaming device 6 through the first middlings feeding pipe 8, and after sufficient action, are conveyed to the inner tank body 21 through the first middlings discharge pipe 18, and then are ejected by the first gas-liquid delivery nozzle 19 to form a tertiary mineralization area 20, which is called the third-stage mineralization.

[0050] Due to the different cross-sectional areas of the pulp flowing through in the inner tank body 21, the turbulent intensities of the third-stage mineralization and the second-stage mineralization are different. The turbulent intensity of the third-stage mineralization area is greater than that of the second-stage mineralization area, and the collision probability between bubbles and particles is increased, making the third-stage mineralization effect better than that of the second-stage mineralization area. It can further increase the turbulent intensity inside the fluid field, increase the mineralization time between mineral particles and bubbles, and improve the recovery rate.

[0051] The flotation tailings (gangue minerals that cannot be mineralized) are discharged from the flotation column body 5 through the tailings discharge port 14. The flotation concentrate overflows to the concentrate tank 4 at the upper end of the flotation column body 5 by the load of the flotation bubbles, and the concentrate is uniformly collected through the concentrate discharge port 24.

[0052] In this embodiment, a concentrate spraying device 25 is provided above the overflow port to clean the foam. After spraying and cleaning by the concentrate spraying device 25, the cleaning liquid flows out from the concentrate discharge port 24 of the concentrate tank 4 as the flotation concentrate, further improving the product quality and the recovery rate.

[0053] In this embodiment, one-way valves are provided in each pulp pipeline to prevent the pulp from flowing back and damaging the equipment. In a specific embodiment, the suction force of the middlings circulating pump 12 can efficiently draw the pulp, and the pulp sent out by the middlings circulating pump 12 should be in the opposite direction to the primary mineralization direction and meet the spraying requirements. Therefore, the pumping pressure of the middlings circulating pump 12 is relatively high and the flow rate is also relatively high. The flow rate of the middlings circulating pump 12 is 2.0 to 3.0 times the feeding flow rate of the raw material feeding pipe 3. This design of flow rate difference forms a system match with the pulp circulation path in the flotation column and the functional requirements of each pump in the sorting stage, and they cooperate with each other to ensure the stable and efficient operation of the flotation column.

[0054] In this embodiment, the discharging directions of the raw material feeding pipe 3 and the middlings circulating assembly are opposite, and the pulp flow modes are opposite, that is, the pipeline system composed of the pipelines of the raw material feeding pipe 3 and the middlings circulating assembly enables the pulp and the bubbles to form a countercurrent movement. The turbulence intensity in the internal tank body 21 is large, which can increase the turbulence intensity in the internal mineralization area, thereby prolonging the contact time between the minerals and the bubbles. By controlling the pressure of the middlings circulating pump 12 to control the circulation flow rate, the circulation flow rate of the flotation column affects the mineral separation effect. As the pressure increases, the circulation flow rate increases, and the recovery rate of the target minerals is improved.

[0055] The multi-stage mineralization flotation column provided in this embodiment optimizes the internal structure of the flotation column systematically by adopting the methods of multi-stage mineralization, multiple aeration mechanisms, and adding an internal frustum-shaped tank body. In terms of multi-stage mineralization, by designing different areas or height intervals inside the flotation column, multiple mineralization reaction sites are constructed; aiming at the problem that a single aeration device is easily blocked, a multiple aeration strategy is introduced to abandon the limitations of the traditional single aeration mode; adding an internal frustum-shaped tank body increases the turbulence intensity inside the mineralization area, and the energies in different areas are different, which improves the collision probability between bubbles and particles and the overall mineralization efficiency, providing a more advantageous and potential technical solution for the field of mineral flotation.

[0056] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, various changes and modifications can be made to the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-stage mineralization flotation column, characterized in that, Comprising: A flotation column body, which is divided into a separation zone, a mineralization zone and a tailing zone from top to bottom inside. A middling discharge port is arranged at the bottom of the mineralization zone, and a tailing discharge port is arranged at the bottom of the tailing zone; A concentrate tank, fixedly arranged at the upper part of the flotation column body, communicated with the separation zone of the flotation column body through an overflow port, and a concentrate discharge port is arranged at the bottom of the concentrate tank; An internal tank body, arranged in the mineralization zone, dividing the mineralization zone into a main mineralization zone and a middling zone. The top and bottom of the internal tank body are of a porous plate structure; A raw material feeding assembly, including a raw material feeding foaming device and a raw material feeding gas-liquid mixing device which are communicated. The raw material feeding gas-liquid mixing device is provided with a raw material feeding pipe and a raw material discharging pipe. The raw material discharging pipe extends downward to the main mineralization zone, and at least one raw material discharging port with a downward discharging direction is arranged; A middling recycling assembly, including a middling recycling pump communicated with the middling discharge port and at least one group of middling feeding assemblies respectively communicated with the discharging end of the middling recycling pump. The middling feeding assembly includes a middling feeding foaming device and a middling feeding gas-liquid mixing device which are communicated. The middling feeding gas-liquid mixing device is provided with a middling feeding pipe and a middling discharging pipe. The middling feeding gas-liquid mixing device is communicated with the middling recycling pump through the middling feeding pipe. The discharging port of the middling discharging pipe is arranged in the internal tank body. The discharging directions of at least one middling discharging pipe and the raw material discharging pipe are oppositely arranged in the vertical direction and form a counterflush.

2. The multi-stage mineralization flotation column according to claim 1, wherein The internal tank body is of a structure with a smaller upper part and a larger lower part and is axially centered.

3. The multi-stage mineralized flotation column according to claim 2, wherein The structure with a smaller upper part and a larger lower part is a frustum of a cone or a frustum of a pyramid.

4. The multi-stage mineralized flotation column according to claim 2, wherein, The ratio of the height of the structure with a smaller upper part and a larger lower part to the height of the flotation column body is 1:2 - 3.

5. The multi-stage mineralization flotation column according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The opening area of the porous plate structure accounts for 75% - 85% of the area of the porous plate structure where it is located, and the area of a single hole accounts for 5% - 15% of the area of the porous plate structure where it is located.

6. The multi-stage mineralization flotation column according to claim 1, wherein, At least two raw material discharging ports with a downward discharging direction are arranged in the main mineralization zone.

7. The multi-stage mineralized flotation column according to claim 6, wherein, The raw material discharging port is located in the middle part of the main mineralization zone.

8. The multi-stage mineralization flotation column according to claim 1, wherein, Two groups of middling feeding assemblies are arranged. The pipe orifices of the corresponding middling discharging pipes are respectively above and below the pipe orifice of the raw material discharging pipe. The discharging direction of the middling discharging pipe located above is upward; the discharging direction of the middling discharging pipe located below is oppositely arranged in the vertical direction with the discharging direction of the raw material discharging pipe and forms a counterflush.

9. The multi-stage mineralized flotation column according to claim 8, wherein The middling feeding assembly includes a first middling feeding assembly above and a second middling feeding assembly below; The first middling feeding assembly includes a first middling feeding foaming device and a first middling feeding gas-liquid mixing device which are communicated. The first middling feeding gas-liquid mixing device is provided with a first middling feeding pipe, a first middling discharging pipe and a first gas-liquid conveying nozzle oppositely arranged with the discharging direction of the raw material discharging pipe; The second middling feeding assembly includes a second middling feeding foaming device and a second middling feeding gas-liquid mixing device which are communicated. The second middling feeding gas-liquid mixing device is provided with a second middling feeding pipe, a second middling discharging pipe and a second gas-liquid conveying nozzle oppositely arranged with the discharging direction of the raw material discharging pipe.

10. The multi-stage mineralization flotation column according to claim 1, wherein The flow rate of the middling recycling pump is 2.0 to 3.0 times the feeding flow rate of the raw material feeding pipe.

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